EP1313946A1 - Electrical starting arrangement for internal combustion engines with overload protection - Google Patents
Electrical starting arrangement for internal combustion engines with overload protectionInfo
- Publication number
- EP1313946A1 EP1313946A1 EP01956286A EP01956286A EP1313946A1 EP 1313946 A1 EP1313946 A1 EP 1313946A1 EP 01956286 A EP01956286 A EP 01956286A EP 01956286 A EP01956286 A EP 01956286A EP 1313946 A1 EP1313946 A1 EP 1313946A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- starter motor
- carbon brushes
- main circuit
- section
- starting device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/10—Safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/02—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors having longitudinally-shiftable rotors
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical starting device for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such starting devices are also used, for example, in large motor vehicles such as buses and the like, such as in cars.
- the starting devices are partially automatically controlled or remotely controlled so that the driver cannot acoustically monitor the starting process and therefore cannot immediately end in the event of a fault or thermal overload.
- the starting device can heat up to such an extent, as in the case of an improperly long activation of the starter by hand, that the connecting cable between the terminal 45 of the starting relay and the starter motor becomes glowing and melts in the limit case. There is a risk that parts in the immediate vicinity of the cable in the motor vehicle will be damaged, which in extreme cases could lead to a vehicle fire.
- the aim of the present solution is to achieve fully effective protection against overheating of external parts, even with starting systems of smaller sizes, without using additional, expensive means.
- the starting device according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that, in the event of an overload of the main circuit by responding to the fuse arranged in the starter motor, the risk of overheating of motor vehicle parts in the area of the starting device and thus the risk of consequential damage is reliably avoided.
- the heating can advantageously be concentrated almost selectively on the area of the fuse integrated in the starter, so that the rest Do not damage any parts of the starter when the fuse is activated.
- a cost-neutral fuse in the starter motor can be implemented without additional means in that at least one of the carbon brushes has a connecting lead designed as a fuse. This is through material selection or through a connection technology with z. B. lower melting point and / or realizable by a smaller cross section of the connecting strand.
- a particularly cost-effective solution results from the fact that the cross-section of the connecting wire of the at least one carbon brush is so greatly weakened compared to the cross-section of the other areas of the main circuit that this connecting wire melts when the starter motor is subjected to excessive loads.
- a reliable, effective fuse can already be achieved by the fact that of the at least two carbon brushes connected in series in the main circuit via the commutator rotor, the stranded wire of one carbon brush has a cross section which is more than 10%, preferably 25% weaker than the other carbon brush.
- the connecting strands of two opposing carbon brushes have a cross-section weakened by more than 10% than that of the two other opposing carbon brushes.
- the connecting strands can also be provided with insulation which prevents rapid heat dissipation.
- FIG. 1 shows the structure of a starting device for internal combustion engines with starter relay and starter motor and
- FIG. 2 shows a brush plate of the starter motor with carbon brush connecting strands as overload protection.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a starting device 10, the starter motor 11 of which is a four-pole DC motor with permanent magnet excitation.
- a commutator rotor 12 of the starter motor 11 is mounted several times with its output shaft 13.
- the output shaft 13 carries a high helix thread 14 which interacts with a nut thread (not shown) of a driving shaft 15.
- the driver shaft 15 is fixedly connected to an outer ring of a freewheel 16, the inner ring of which carries a starter pinion 17 at the front.
- the starter pinion 17 is via the steep thread 14 up to a stop 18 axially displaceable and thereby engages in a ring gear 19 of an internal combustion engine, not shown.
- the starter pinion is engaged and engaged by a starter relay 20 which acts on the freewheel 16 via a bell crank 21 and an engagement spring 22.
- the start relay 20 is also a switch contact in the main circuit 23 of the starter device.
- a switch contact 24 shown in dashed lines is connected via a connection terminal 30 to the positive pole of an accumulator battery of the motor vehicle.
- a connecting cable 25 leading to the starter motor 11 is fastened to the second connecting terminal 45 of the switching contact 24.
- the connecting cable 25 is welded at its other end to a connecting bar 26, which is accommodated in a bushing 27 made of insulating material in the housing 28 of the starter motor 11.
- the rotor 12 of the starter motor 11 carries at its rear end a commutator 29, on the circumference of which four carbon brushes 31 are arranged.
- the carbon brushes 31a to 31d are each received in a brush holder 32 made of plastic, which is fixedly mounted on a metallic brush support plate 33.
- the support plate 33 is fastened to the rear end plate 34 of the starter motor 11 by means of screws.
- springs 35 arranged in the rear part of the brush holder 32, the carbon brushes 31 are pressed against the surface of the commutator 29 in the assembled state of the starter motor 11.
- the two upper carbon brushes 31a, 31b are welded to the connecting bar 26 with their connecting strands 36a, 36b and thus form the plus-side carbon brushes.
- the two lower carbon brushes 31c, 31d are welded with their connecting strands 36c, 36d to a bent connection angle 37 of the brush support plate 33.
- the two lower carbon brushes 31c, 31d form the brushes on the ground side.
- the carbon brushes 31a and 31b are connected to one another in parallel to form a group; likewise the lower carbon brushes 31c and 31d.
- the main circuit 23 of the starting device 10 thus runs via the switch contact 24 of the starting relay 20, the connecting cable 25, the connecting rail 26 and from there via the connecting leads 36a, 36b to the carbon brushes 31a and 31b; then via the commutator 29 and the rotor 12 to the lower carbon brushes 31c and 31d and then via their connecting wires 36c and 36d to the brush support plate 33 lying on the ground.
- the cross-sections of the connecting strands 36a and 36b of the plus-side carbon brushes 31a, 31b are designed 25% weaker than the cross-sections of the connecting leads 36c and 36d of the ground-side carbon brushes 31c, 31d.
- the connecting strands 36a, 36b of the plus-side carbon brushes 31a, 31b have a cross section of 3 mm 2
- the connecting leads 36c, 36d of the ground-side carbon brushes 31c, 31d have a cross section of 4 mm 2 .
- these can additionally be secured by a known electronic overload cutoff, so that the fuse in the starter motor only responds in the event of an acute overheating on the starter.
Abstract
The invention relates to an electrical starting arrangement for internal combustion engines comprising a starter motor (11) and a starter relay (20). In the main circuit (23) of the starting arrangement, the switch contacts of the starter relay (20) are in series with the commutator track (12) of the starter motor (11) and the carbon brushes (31) thereof. An overload protector interrupts the main circuit on a starter motor overload, depending upon the current value and duration. In order to achieve an economical and reliable overload protection for the starter arrangement at least one section of the main circuit (23) situated within the starter motor (11), preferably at least one connector slot (36) for the carbon brushes (31) is embodied as a fusible protector.
Description
Elektrische Startvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen mit ÜberlastschützElectrical starting device for internal combustion engines with overload protection
Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Startvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen nach der Gattung des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an electrical starting device for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Derartige Start orrichtungen kommen beispielsweise bei großen Kraftfahrzeugen wie Omnibussen und dergleichen ebenso zum Einsatz, wie beispielsweise bei Pkws . Die Startvorrichtungen werden dabei teilweise automatisch angesteuert bzw. ferngesteuert, so dass der Fahrer den Startvorgang nicht akustisch überwachen und somit bei einer Störung oder einer thermischen Überlastung nicht unverzüglich beenden kann. Dabei kann die Startvorrichtung ebenso wie bei einem mißbräuchlich zu langem Ansteuern des Starters von Hand sich so stark erwärmen, dass das Verbindungskabel zwischen der Klemme 45 des Startrelais und dem Startermotor glühend wird und im Grenzfall abschmilzt. Dabei besteht die Gefahr, dass in unmittelbarer Nähe des Kabels befindliche Teile im Kraftfahrzeug beschädigt werden, was im Extremfall zu einem Fahrzeugbrand führen könnte.Such starting devices are also used, for example, in large motor vehicles such as buses and the like, such as in cars. The starting devices are partially automatically controlled or remotely controlled so that the driver cannot acoustically monitor the starting process and therefore cannot immediately end in the event of a fault or thermal overload. The starting device can heat up to such an extent, as in the case of an improperly long activation of the starter by hand, that the connecting cable between the terminal 45 of the starting relay and the starter motor becomes glowing and melts in the limit case. There is a risk that parts in the immediate vicinity of the cable in the motor vehicle will be damaged, which in extreme cases could lead to a vehicle fire.
Gemäß der DE 30 02 232 C2 ist es bei Startvorrichtungen bekannt, zur thermischen Absicherung der Startvorrichtung in
dem Verbindungskabel zwischen Startrelais und Startermotor ein Steuerteil einzufügen, das über einen Thermoschalter das Startrelais beim Überschreiten einer Grenztemperatur abschaltet und damit den Startvorgang unterbricht. Diese Lösung ist jedoch sehr aufwendig und kommt daher in erster Linie nur für leistungsstarke Startvorrichtungen in Betracht, da ein derartiger Überlastschutz nicht nur eine örtliche Überhitzung im Fahrzeug durch ein Wegschmelzen des Kabels beseitigt, sondern außerdem einen Defekt der Startvorrichtung verhindert. Bei einem Defekt am Steuerteil oder am Thermoschalter würde ein solcher Überlastschutz jedoch wirkungslos werden. Ebenso schützt er nicht, wenn das Leistungsrelais selbst eine Kontaktverschweißung hat, da er nur die Spule des Leistungsrelais spannungsfrei schaltet.According to DE 30 02 232 C2 it is known for starting devices for thermal protection of the starting device in Insert a control unit into the connecting cable between the starter relay and the starter motor, which switches off the starter relay via a thermal switch when a limit temperature is exceeded and thus interrupts the starting process. However, this solution is very complex and is therefore primarily only considered for high-performance starting devices, since such overload protection not only eliminates local overheating in the vehicle by melting away the cable, but also prevents a defect in the starting device. In the event of a defect in the control section or the thermal switch, however, such overload protection would become ineffective. Likewise, it does not provide protection if the power relay itself has contact welding, since it only de-energizes the coil of the power relay.
Mit der vorliegenden Lösung wird angestrebt, auch bei Startanlagen kleinerer Baugrößen einen voll wirksamer Schutz gegen eine Überhitzung außen liegender Teile zu erzielen, ohne hierfür zusätzliche, aufwendige Mittel einzusetzen.The aim of the present solution is to achieve fully effective protection against overheating of external parts, even with starting systems of smaller sizes, without using additional, expensive means.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Startvorrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, dass bei einer Überlastung der Hauptstromkreis durch Ansprechen der im Startermotor angeordneten Schmelzsicherung die Gefahr einer Überhitzung von Kraftfahrzeugteilen im Bereich der Startvorrichtung und damit die Gefahr eines Folgeschadens zuverlässig vermieden wird. Durch eine entsprechend ausreichend starke Dimensionierung der übrigen im HauptStromkreis liegenden Teile kann ferner in vorteilhafter Weise die Erhitzung nahezu punktuell auf den Bereich der im- Starter integrierten Schmelzsicherung konzentriert werden, so dass die übrigen
Teile der Startvorrichtung beim Ansprechen der Schmelzsicherung keinen Schaden nehmen.The starting device according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that, in the event of an overload of the main circuit by responding to the fuse arranged in the starter motor, the risk of overheating of motor vehicle parts in the area of the starting device and thus the risk of consequential damage is reliably avoided. By appropriately dimensioning the remaining parts in the main circuit, the heating can advantageously be concentrated almost selectively on the area of the fuse integrated in the starter, so that the rest Do not damage any parts of the starter when the fuse is activated.
So läßt sich ohne zusätzliche Mittel eine kostenneutrale Schmelzsicherung im Startermotor dadurch realisieren, dass zumindest eine der Kohlebürsten eine als Schmelzsicherung ausgebildete Anschlusslitze aufweist. Dies ist durch Materialauswahl oder durch eine Verbindungstechnik mit z. B. niedrigerem Schmelzpunkt oder/und durch einen geringeren Querschnitt der Anschlusslitze realisierbar. Eine besonders kostengünstige Lösung ergibt sich dadurch, dass der Anschlusslitzen-Querschnitt der mindestens einen Kohlenbürste gegenüber dem Querschnitt der übrigen Bereiche des Hauptstromkreises so stark geschwächt ist, dass diese Anschlusslitze bei zu hoher Belastung des Startermotors durchschmilzt. Eine zuverlässig wirksame Schmelzsicherung läßt sich bereits dadurch erzielen, dass von den mindestens zwei im HauptStromkreis über den Kommutatorläufer in Reihe geschalteten Kohlebürsten die Anschlusslitze der einen Kohlebürste gegenüber der anderen Kohlebürste einen um mehr als 10%, vorzugsweise um 25% schwächeren Querschnitt hat.In this way, a cost-neutral fuse in the starter motor can be implemented without additional means in that at least one of the carbon brushes has a connecting lead designed as a fuse. This is through material selection or through a connection technology with z. B. lower melting point and / or realizable by a smaller cross section of the connecting strand. A particularly cost-effective solution results from the fact that the cross-section of the connecting wire of the at least one carbon brush is so greatly weakened compared to the cross-section of the other areas of the main circuit that this connecting wire melts when the starter motor is subjected to excessive loads. A reliable, effective fuse can already be achieved by the fact that of the at least two carbon brushes connected in series in the main circuit via the commutator rotor, the stranded wire of one carbon brush has a cross section which is more than 10%, preferably 25% weaker than the other carbon brush.
Da bei einem vier- oder mehrpoligen Startermotor vier oder mehr Kohlebürsten über den Umfang des Kommutators verteilt angeordnet sind, ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn dabei die eine Gruppe der dann jeweils parallel geschalteten Kohlebürsten gegenüber der anderen Gruppe Anschlusslitzen einen geschwächten Querschnitt hat. Um sicherzustellen, dass bei Überlastung möglichst nahe der spannungsführenden Zuleitung (Litze oder Stromschiene an Klemme 45) abgeschaltet wird, ist vorgesehen, dass die plusseitig im Hauptstromkreis liegenden Kohlebürsten Anschlusslitzen mit geschwächtem Querschnitt aufweisen.
Alternativ kann es jedoch in Sonderfällen auch zweckmäßig sein, wenn bei einem vierpoligen Startermotor mit vier über den Umfang des Kommutators verteilten Kohlebürsten die Anschlusslitzen zweier einander gegenüberliegender Kohlebürsten einen um mehr als 10% geschwächten Querschnitt haben als die der zwei anderen einander gegenüberliegenden Kohlebürsten. Anstelle einer Querschnittschwächung oder zusätzlich dazu können die Anschlusslitzen auch mit einer Isolation versehen werden, die eine rasche Wärmeableitung verhindert .Since four or more carbon brushes are distributed over the circumference of the commutator in a four- or multi-pole starter motor, it is particularly advantageous if one group of the carbon brushes then connected in parallel has a weakened cross-section compared to the other group of connecting strands. In order to ensure that, in the event of an overload, the supply lead (lead or busbar at terminal 45) is switched off as close as possible, it is provided that the carbon brushes on the plus side in the main circuit have lead strands with a weakened cross-section. Alternatively, however, it can also be useful in special cases if, in the case of a four-pole starter motor with four carbon brushes distributed over the circumference of the commutator, the connecting strands of two opposing carbon brushes have a cross-section weakened by more than 10% than that of the two other opposing carbon brushes. Instead of a cross-section weakening or in addition to this, the connecting strands can also be provided with insulation which prevents rapid heat dissipation.
Zeichnungdrawing
Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung sind in dem nachfolgend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnung näher erläutert . Es zeigen:Further details of the invention are explained in more detail in the exemplary embodiment described below with reference to the associated drawing. Show it:
Figur 1 den Aufbau einer Startvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen mit Startrelais und Startermotor und Figur 2 eine Bürstenplatte des Startermotors mit Kohlebürsten-Anschlusslitzen als Überlastschutz.1 shows the structure of a starting device for internal combustion engines with starter relay and starter motor and FIG. 2 shows a brush plate of the starter motor with carbon brush connecting strands as overload protection.
Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielesDescription of the embodiment
In Figur 1 ist in schematischer Darstellung der Aufbau einer Startvorrichtung 10 dargestellt, deren Startermotor 11 ein vierpoliger Gleichstrommotor mit Permanentmagnet-Erregung ist . Ein Kommutatorläufer 12 des Startermotors 11 ist mit seiner Abtriebswelle 13 mehrfach gelagert. Die Abtriebswelle 13 trägt ein Steilgewinde 14, welches mit einem nicht dargestellten Muttergewinde eines Mitnehmerschaftes 15 zusammenwirkt. Der Mitnehmerschaft 15 ist mit einem Außenring eines Freilaufs 16 fest verbunden, dessen Innenring vorn ein Starterritzel 17 trägt. Das Starterritzel 17 ist über das Steilgewinde 14 bis zu einem Anschlag 18
axial verschiebbar und spurt dabei in einen Zahnkranz 19 einer nicht dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine ein. Das Vor- und Einspuren des Starterritzels erfolgt durch ein Startrelais 20, welches über einen Umlenkhebel 21 und einer Einspurfeder 22 am Freilauf 16 angreift. Das Startrelais 20 liegt ferner mit einem Schaltkontakt im Hauptstromkreis 23 der Start orrichtung. Dabei ist ein gestrichelt dargestellter Schaltkontakt 24 über eine Anschlussklemme 30 mit dem Plus-Pol einer Akkumulatorbatterie des Kraftfahrzeugs verbunden. An der zweiten Anschlussklemme 45 des Schaltkontaktes 24 ist ein zum Startermotor 11 führendes Anschlusskabel 25 befestigt. Das Anschlusskabel 25 ist mit seinem anderen Ende an eine Anschlussschiene 26 festgeschweißt, die in einer aus Isoliermaterial hergestellten Durchführung 27 im Gehäuse 28 des Startermotors 11 auf enommen ist . Der Läufer 12 des Startermotors 11 trägt an seinem hinteren Ende einen Kommutator 29, auf dessen Umfang vier Kohlebürsten 31 verteilt angeordnet sind.FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a starting device 10, the starter motor 11 of which is a four-pole DC motor with permanent magnet excitation. A commutator rotor 12 of the starter motor 11 is mounted several times with its output shaft 13. The output shaft 13 carries a high helix thread 14 which interacts with a nut thread (not shown) of a driving shaft 15. The driver shaft 15 is fixedly connected to an outer ring of a freewheel 16, the inner ring of which carries a starter pinion 17 at the front. The starter pinion 17 is via the steep thread 14 up to a stop 18 axially displaceable and thereby engages in a ring gear 19 of an internal combustion engine, not shown. The starter pinion is engaged and engaged by a starter relay 20 which acts on the freewheel 16 via a bell crank 21 and an engagement spring 22. The start relay 20 is also a switch contact in the main circuit 23 of the starter device. In this case, a switch contact 24 shown in dashed lines is connected via a connection terminal 30 to the positive pole of an accumulator battery of the motor vehicle. A connecting cable 25 leading to the starter motor 11 is fastened to the second connecting terminal 45 of the switching contact 24. The connecting cable 25 is welded at its other end to a connecting bar 26, which is accommodated in a bushing 27 made of insulating material in the housing 28 of the starter motor 11. The rotor 12 of the starter motor 11 carries at its rear end a commutator 29, on the circumference of which four carbon brushes 31 are arranged.
Aus Figur 2 ist erkennbar, dass die Kohlebürsten 31a bis 31d jeweils in einem Bürstenhalter 32 aus Kunststoff aufgenommen sind, der auf einer metallischen Bürstentragplatte 33 fest montiert ist. Die Tragplatte 33 ist mittels Schrauben an der hinteren Stirnplatte 34 des Startermotors 11 befestigt. Mittels im hinteren Teil der Bürstenhalter 32 angeordneter Federn 35 werden die Kohlebürsten 31 jeweils im montierten Zustand des Startermotors 11 gegen die Oberfläche des Kommutators 29 gedrückt. Die beiden oberen Kohlebürsten 31a, 31b sind mit ihren Anschlusslitzen 36a, 36b mit der Anschlussschiene 26 verschweißt und bilden somit die plusseitigen Kohlebürsten. Die zwei unteren Kohlebürsten 31c, 31d sind mit ihren Anschlusslitzen 36c, 36d an einen hochgebogenen Anschlusswinkel 37 der Bürstentragplatte 33 festgeschweißt. Da die Bürstentragplatte 33 über das Gehäuse
28 des Startermotors auf Masse liegt, bilden die beiden unteren Kohlebürsten 31c, 31d die masseseitigen Bürsten. Die Kohlebürsten 31a und 31b sind zu einer Gruppe zueinander parallel geschaltet; ebenso die unteren Kohlebürsten 31c und 31d. Der Hauptstromkreis 23 der Startvorrichtung 10 verläuft somit über den Schaltkontakt 24 des Startrelais 20 , das Anschlusskabel 25, die Anschlussschiene 26 und von dort über die Anschlußlitzen 36a, 36b zu den Kohlebürsten 31a und 31b; sodann über den Kommutator 29 und den Läufer 12 zu den unteren Kohlebürsten 31c und 31d und dann über deren Anschlusslitzen 36c und 36d zu der auf Masse liegenden Bürstentragplatte 33.It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the carbon brushes 31a to 31d are each received in a brush holder 32 made of plastic, which is fixedly mounted on a metallic brush support plate 33. The support plate 33 is fastened to the rear end plate 34 of the starter motor 11 by means of screws. By means of springs 35 arranged in the rear part of the brush holder 32, the carbon brushes 31 are pressed against the surface of the commutator 29 in the assembled state of the starter motor 11. The two upper carbon brushes 31a, 31b are welded to the connecting bar 26 with their connecting strands 36a, 36b and thus form the plus-side carbon brushes. The two lower carbon brushes 31c, 31d are welded with their connecting strands 36c, 36d to a bent connection angle 37 of the brush support plate 33. Since the brush support plate 33 over the housing 28 of the starter motor is grounded, the two lower carbon brushes 31c, 31d form the brushes on the ground side. The carbon brushes 31a and 31b are connected to one another in parallel to form a group; likewise the lower carbon brushes 31c and 31d. The main circuit 23 of the starting device 10 thus runs via the switch contact 24 of the starting relay 20, the connecting cable 25, the connecting rail 26 and from there via the connecting leads 36a, 36b to the carbon brushes 31a and 31b; then via the commutator 29 and the rotor 12 to the lower carbon brushes 31c and 31d and then via their connecting wires 36c and 36d to the brush support plate 33 lying on the ground.
Um innerhalb des Startermotors 11 einen Überlastschütz in Form einer Schmelzsicherung zu erhalten, sind im Beispielsfall die Querschnitte der Anschlusslitzen 36a und 36b der plusseitigen Kohlebürsten 31a, 31b um 25% schwächer als die Querschnitte der Anschlusslitzen 36c und 36d der masseseitigen Kohlebürsten 31c, 31d ausgelegt. Im Beispielsfall eines 2,0 kW-Starters haben die Anschlusslitzen 36a, 36b der plusseitigen Kohlebürsten 31a, 31b einen Querschnitt von 3 mm2, wogegen die Anschlusslitzen 36c, 36d der masseseitigen Kohlebürsten 31c, 31d einen Querschnitt von 4 mm2 haben. Da alle übrigen Bereiche im Hauptstromkreis 23 der Startvorrichtung 10 eine wesentlich größere Dimensionierung der Querschnitte am Anschlusswinkel 37, an der Anschlussschiene 26 sowie am Anschlusskabel 25 mit beispielsweise 16 mm2 aufweisen, werden bei einer Überlastung der Startvorrichtung gezielt nur die beiden parallel geschalteten Anschlusslitzen 36a, 36b der plusseitigen Kohlebürsten 31a, 31d überhitzt, so dass sie als Schmelzsicherung, gleichzeitig oder kurz hintereinander abschmelzen, bevor beispielsweise durch eine Erhitzung des Anschlusskabels 25 oder des Batteriekabels benachbarte Fahrzeugteile gefährdet werden. Damit wird zwar der
Startermotor beim Ansprechen des Überlastschutzes defekt, ein Folgeschaden wird jedoch zuverlässig vermieden.In order to obtain an overload contactor in the form of a fuse within the starter motor 11, the cross-sections of the connecting strands 36a and 36b of the plus-side carbon brushes 31a, 31b are designed 25% weaker than the cross-sections of the connecting leads 36c and 36d of the ground-side carbon brushes 31c, 31d. In the example of a 2.0 kW starter, the connecting strands 36a, 36b of the plus-side carbon brushes 31a, 31b have a cross section of 3 mm 2 , whereas the connecting leads 36c, 36d of the ground-side carbon brushes 31c, 31d have a cross section of 4 mm 2 . Since all other areas in the main circuit 23 of the starter device 10 have a substantially larger dimensioning of the cross sections on the connecting bracket 37, on the connecting bar 26 and on the connecting cable 25 with, for example, 16 mm 2 , only the two parallel connecting wires 36a, 36b of the plus-side carbon brushes 31a, 31d overheats, so that they melt as a fuse, simultaneously or in quick succession, before, for example, heating of the connecting cable 25 or the battery cable jeopardizes adjacent vehicle parts. With that the Starter motor defective when the overload protection triggers, but consequential damage is reliably avoided.
Bei wertvollen, größeren Startvorrichtungen können diese zusätzlich auch noch durch eine an sich bekannte elektronische Überlastabschaltung gesichert werden, so dass die Schmelzsicherung im Startermotor nur im Falle einer akuten Überhitzung am Starter anspricht.
In the case of valuable, larger starting devices, these can additionally be secured by a known electronic overload cutoff, so that the fuse in the starter motor only responds in the event of an acute overheating on the starter.
Claims
1. Elektrische Startvorrichtung (10) für Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem Startermotor (11) , in dessen von einer Stromquelle versorgten Hauptstromkreis (23) die Schaltkontakte (24) eines Startrelais (20) mit einem Kommutatorläufer (12) des Startermotors über Kohlebürsten1. Electrical starting device (10) for internal combustion engines with a starter motor (11), in the main circuit (23) supplied by a current source, the switching contacts (24) of a starting relay (20) with a commutator rotor (12) of the starter motor via carbon brushes
(31) in Reihe geschaltet sind, wobei ein Überlastschutz der Startvorrichtung den HauptStromkreis bei Überlast in Abhängigkeit von Stromstärke und Zeitdauer zu unterbrechen vermag, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein innerhalb des Startermotors (11) liegender Abschnitt (36) des Hauptstromkreises (23) als Schmelzsicherung ausgebildet ist.(31) are connected in series, an overload protection of the starting device being able to interrupt the main circuit in the event of an overload as a function of the current intensity and duration, characterized in that at least one section (36) of the main circuit (23) located within the starter motor (11) Fuse is formed.
2. Elektrische Startvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eine der Kohlebürsten (31) des Startermotors (10) eine als Schmelzsicherung ausgebildete Anschlusslitze (36a oder 36b) aufweist.2. Electrical starting device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the carbon brushes (31) of the starter motor (10) has a connecting lead (36a or 36b) designed as a fuse.
3. Elektrische Startvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Anschlusslitzen-Querschnitt der mindestens einen Kohlebürste (31) gegenüber dem Querschnitt der übrigen Bereiche des Hauptstromkreises (23) so stark geschwächt und/oder isoliert ist, dass diese Anschlusslitze (36a oder 36b) bei zu hoher Belastung des Startermotors durchschmilzt.3. Electrical starting device according to claim 2, characterized in that the cross-section of the connecting leads of the at least one carbon brush (31) is so greatly weakened and / or insulated from the cross section of the other areas of the main circuit (23) that this connecting wire (36a or 36b) melts when the starter motor is loaded too much.
Elektrische Startvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass von den mindestens zwei im HauptStromkreis (23) über den Kommutatorläufer (12) in Reihe geschalteten Kohlebürsten (31) die Anschlusslitze (36a) der einen Kohlebürste (31a, 31b) einen um mehr als 10% schwächeren Querschnitt hat.Electrical starting device according to claim 3, characterized in that of the at least two carbon brushes (31) connected in series in the main circuit (23) via the commutator rotor (12), the connecting strand (36a) of the one carbon brush (31a, 31b) is one by more than 10 % has a weaker cross-section.
Elektrische Startvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei vier- oder mehrpoligem Startermotor (11) die eine Gruppe der dann jeweils parallel geschalteten Kohlebürsten (31a, 31b) gegenüber der anderen Gruppe (31c, 31d) Anschlusslitzen (36a, 36b) mit geschwächtem Querschnitt haben.Electrical starting device according to Claim 4, characterized in that in the case of a four-pole or multi-pole starter motor (11), one group of the carbon brushes (31a, 31b) then connected in parallel with respect to the other group (31c, 31d) has weakened connecting leads (36a, 36b) Cross section.
Elektrische Startvorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die plusseitig im HauptStromkreis (23) liegenden Kohlebürsten (31a, 31b) Anschlusslitzen (36a, 3βb) mit geschwächtem Querschnitt aufweisen.Electrical starting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carbon brushes (31a, 31b) lying on the plus side in the main circuit (23) have connecting strands (36a, 3βb) with a weakened cross section.
Elektrische Startvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einem vierpoligen Startermotor (11) mit vier über den Umfang des Kommutators (29) verteilten Kohlebürsten (31) die Anschlusslitzen (36a, 36c) zweier einander gegenüberliegender Kohlebürsten (31a und 31c) einen um mehr als 10% schwächeren Querschnitt haben als die der zwei anderen einander gegenüberliegenden Kohlebürsten (31b und 31d) . Electrical starting device according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that in the case of a four-pole starter motor (11) with four carbon brushes (31) distributed over the circumference of the commutator (29), the connecting strands (36a, 36c) of two carbon brushes (31a and 31c) have a cross-section which is more than 10% weaker than that of the two other carbon brushes lying opposite one another (31b and 31d).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10041822 | 2000-08-25 | ||
| DE2000141822 DE10041822A1 (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2000-08-25 | Electrical starting device for internal combustion engines with overload protection |
| PCT/DE2001/002311 WO2002016763A1 (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2001-06-22 | Electrical starting arrangement for internal combustion engines with overload protection |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1313946A1 true EP1313946A1 (en) | 2003-05-28 |
| EP1313946B1 EP1313946B1 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
Family
ID=7653783
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01956286A Expired - Lifetime EP1313946B1 (en) | 2000-08-25 | 2001-06-22 | Electrical starting arrangement for internal combustion engines with overload protection |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1313946B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2001278367A1 (en) |
| DE (3) | DE10041822A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2278766T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002016763A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4093152B2 (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2008-06-04 | 株式会社デンソー | Starter |
| US7067934B2 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2006-06-27 | Denso Corporation | Starter with overheat protection device |
| DE102008042442A1 (en) * | 2008-09-29 | 2010-04-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starter for an internal combustion engine |
| DE102008044189A1 (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brush holder for electrical machine |
| DE102009002725A1 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brush apparatus for an electric machine and electric machine |
| DE102009037755B4 (en) | 2009-08-17 | 2016-12-08 | Audi Ag | Method for operating a starter for an internal combustion engine, electrical system and motor vehicle with a vehicle electrical system |
| DE102010038601A1 (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2012-02-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electric machine, starting device and method for operating a starting device |
| DE102010039044A1 (en) | 2010-08-09 | 2012-02-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starter for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle and method for producing such a starter |
| DE102010063688A1 (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-06-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brush apparatus for an electric machine |
| DE102012215553A1 (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Commutation device for connecting armature of starter motor for starting internal combustion engine, has rotor collector whose front face is held in bearing segment of housing and covered by cap connected to housing in form-fit manner |
| DE102012218708A1 (en) | 2012-10-15 | 2014-04-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Commutation device for power transmission in an electrical machine |
| DE102012222280A1 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Commutation device for transmitting current to armature of starter motor, has brush springs acted upon by force in collector direction such that two spring-brush units have brush and brush spring differing in their resonance frequency |
| DE102013222629A1 (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Commutation device in an electrical machine |
| CN105720744B (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2020-06-09 | 法雷奥电机设备公司 | Motor vehicle starter provided with a thermal protection system |
| DE102014225393A1 (en) | 2014-12-10 | 2016-06-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for producing an electrically conductive connection between a copper component and an aluminum component |
| DE102015225737A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electric machine with a safety device and method for operating a safety device |
| DE102015226207A1 (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electric machine |
| DE102016226121A1 (en) | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh | Electric machine with a safety device |
| CN109209718B (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2024-02-06 | 北京佩特来电器有限公司 | Starter and overload fusing protection device thereof |
| EP3817160A1 (en) | 2019-11-04 | 2021-05-05 | SEG Automotive Germany GmbH | Brush assembly for an electric motor, electric motor and starter for a combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3002232A1 (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1981-07-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | SWITCHING DEVICE FOR ELECTRICAL TURNING DEVICES FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
| US6028381A (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 2000-02-22 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Starter equipped with current interruption mechanism |
| FR2785086A1 (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2000-04-28 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | ELECTRICAL SUPPLY CIRCUIT OF A STARTER MOTOR AND MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER COMPRISING AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT BREAKER, AND ASSOCIATED STARTER, |
-
2000
- 2000-08-25 DE DE2000141822 patent/DE10041822A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-06-22 WO PCT/DE2001/002311 patent/WO2002016763A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-06-22 EP EP01956286A patent/EP1313946B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-22 ES ES01956286T patent/ES2278766T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-22 DE DE50111651T patent/DE50111651D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-22 AU AU2001278367A patent/AU2001278367A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-22 DE DE10193539T patent/DE10193539D2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0216763A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2278766T3 (en) | 2007-08-16 |
| EP1313946B1 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
| WO2002016763A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
| DE50111651D1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
| DE10193539D2 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
| DE10041822A1 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
| AU2001278367A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 |
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