EP1307598A1 - Procede de traitement de nanonstructures et dispositif de traitement de nanostructures - Google Patents
Procede de traitement de nanonstructures et dispositif de traitement de nanostructuresInfo
- Publication number
- EP1307598A1 EP1307598A1 EP01960844A EP01960844A EP1307598A1 EP 1307598 A1 EP1307598 A1 EP 1307598A1 EP 01960844 A EP01960844 A EP 01960844A EP 01960844 A EP01960844 A EP 01960844A EP 1307598 A1 EP1307598 A1 EP 1307598A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- balls
- determined
- nanostructures
- generating nanostructures
- metal part
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002707 nanocrystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005293 physical law Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
- C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
- C21D2201/03—Amorphous or microcrystalline structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/47—Burnishing
- Y10T29/479—Burnishing by shot peening or blasting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for treating nanostructures on metal parts and a device for treating nanostructures.
- Nanocrystalline materials are characterized by ultra fine grains typically of less than 100 nm in at least one dimension. These materials are produced by known methods such as, for example, IGC (inert gas condensation and consolidation) by condensation and consolidation in an inert gas, SPD (severe plastic deformation) intense plastic deformation, etc. These methods have the disadvantage to generate materials which are not without porosity, contamination and of sufficient size for industrial applications.
- the aim of the process of the invention is to create a layer of this same material on the surface of the material, having component grains of a few tens of nanometers forming what is commonly called a layer of nanoscale microstructures or nanostructures.
- Shot peening of the surface of a material for example metallic
- the balls are projected using a jet of compressed air.
- the balls are not immediately reused and pass through a recycling device before replenishing the jet lance.
- each incident jet on the part is unidirectional at a determined angle for a given surface.
- continuous scanning of the part is required during the shot blasting to obtain a homogeneous surface.
- the results obtained show that the surface of the treated part contains little or no nanostructure.
- the only advantage of the conventional shot process lies in the fact that higher ball speeds can be obtained than in the generation of nanostructures by ultrasound. Indeed, the generation of nanostructures by ultrasound makes it possible to obtain ball speeds between 5 and 20m / s, while shot blasting by pneumatic gun makes it possible to obtain ball speeds between 10 and 100m / s.
- the present invention therefore aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a process for treating nanostructures making it possible to obtain in a defined area of a part to be treated, physicochemical properties which cannot be obtained in the usual procedures.
- This goal is achieved by the process of generating nanostructures for obtaining a layer of nanostructures of defined thickness over a region of the surface of a metal part, characterized in that it comprises:
- Another object of the invention consists in proposing a device for treating nanostructures making it possible to obtain determined physicochemical properties on a part.
- the device for generating nanostructures over a determined thickness of a metal part comprising means for setting in motion, at a determined speed, balls of determined size, characterized in that the balls used are perfectly spherical and that the means for setting in motion with a determined speed comprise means for obtaining angles of variable incidence for the same point of impact, means for re-using the balls and means for diffusing a chemical compound into a waterproof enclosure.
- FIG. 2A shows in section an alternative embodiment of the invention with application of constraints
- FIG. 2B shows in section a top view of the wedge used in the alternative embodiment of the invention with application of constraints;
- FIG. 3A shows an elevational view of a second alternative embodiment of the invention with application of constraints
- FIG. 3B shows a top view of the lower plate of the second variant with constraints
- Figure 4 shows a diagram of another device for generating nanostructures by ultrasound usable with the stressing devices shown in Figure 2;
- FIGS. 5A and 5B represent the curve representing the rate and the penetration of nitrogen during an ion nitriding treatment in a part treated according to the process for generating nanostructures according to the invention, respectively for a temperature of 550 ° C. and 350 ° C.
- the principle of the invention is to carry out a treatment of the surface of a metal part to modify the mechanical characteristics of the metal part, while benefiting from the modification of the diffusion properties in the surface layer of the treated surface.
- the mechanical properties of nanoscale microstructures or of nanostructure are well known.
- current research aims to develop manufacturing processes allowing parts to be obtained which consist solely of nanostructures.
- the subject of the invention is quite different, it consists, by through a process for generating nanostructures (described later) to produce a surface layer of nanostructures giving the entire part the properties, for example mechanical (fatigue, wear or friction, corrosion under tension, etc.) ) desired, this being sufficient to guarantee the properties targeted for the part.
- the size of the metal grains on the surface of the part must be reduced.
- the grains have a dimension of the order of 100 ⁇ m.
- the grain size is no more than of the order of a few tens of nanometers.
- FIG. 1 represents a diagram of a device for generating nanostructures by bombardment in an acoustic insulation enclosure (25).
- a process for generating nanostructures by ultrasound or by compressed air is already known.
- the results obtained with this process are not sufficient in many cases. Indeed, nanostructures are obtained over a very small thickness of the part which is of the order of a micron.
- the principle of generation of nanostructures by bombardment according to FIG. 1 is to set the balls (22) in motion, by means of a projection nozzle (23) of perfectly spherical balls (22).
- the nozzle (23) is mounted in an enclosure (20) whose walls allow the ricochet of the balls, on an axis of rotation (230) to be able to pivot in the directions A, B, so as to be able to sweep, from a determined location on the axis of rotation (230), the entire surface to be treated.
- the axis of the nozzle is mounted on an assembly movable in translation in three directions (C, D, G) parallel to the surface to be treated.
- the part (10) is held in position by gripping means (21) blocking the part (10) in translation and in rotation and allowing the distance of the part to be adjusted relative to the source of emission of the projectiles.
- the enclosure comprises means for rapid recovery and recycling of the balls to the nozzle (23) so that only a determined quantity of balls is used in the enclosure of the device.
- These means are, for example, constituted by a shape of the enclosure, for example in a conical or hemispherical bowl favoring the recovery by gravity of the balls and an orifice (200) located in this zone for conducting, by a flexible system (240) , the balls towards the nozzle (23).
- the nozzle can be fixed, the part is set in similar movement.
- the sealed enclosure (25) are arranged means (26) of diffusion or vaporization allowing the realization of one or more of the chemical or thermochemical treatments described below, possibly associated with means of heating the enclosure or of the part
- Each nanostructure generation device is formed in a leaktight manner for chemical treatments by diffusion or vaporization or the like.
- the bowl (20) can be provided with channels (28) for circulation of the fluids, or a space (27) can be provided between the part to be treated or its support and the bowl (22).
- nanostructures on the treated surface of the part causes a modification of the law of diffusion in the treated zone. Indeed, the multiplication of the metal grains also multiplies the number of borders between the grains. These boundaries then constitute as many nanometric channels allowing the diffusion of chemical compounds having a size of the order of a few atoms. Thus, these compounds can penetrate deeper and more significantly into the treated surface of the part, which makes it possible to obtain mechanical, physical or chemical properties. interesting.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B represent the curve representing the rate and the penetration of nitrogen during ionic nitriding for a temperature of 550 ° C. and 350 ° C.
- the curve shown in FIG. 5A corresponds to the measurement of the nitrogen content as a function of the thickness of the treated surface, when the part has undergone nitriding for two hours at a temperature of 550 ° C.
- the curve in solid lines corresponds to the measurement carried out for a surface previously treated according to the process for generating nanostructures according to the invention.
- the treatment for generating nanostructures on the surface made it possible to obtain a nanostructure over a thickness of approximately 20 ⁇ m.
- the dashed line curve corresponds to the measurement made for an untreated surface by generation of nanostructures.
- the rate of nitrogen which has penetrated for the nitriding treatment at 550 ° C. is uniform in the thickness of the part and equal to 5%.
- the nitrogen level is five times greater than the rate of the untreated part, in the thickness in which the nanostructures are formed. Then, in the thickness of the part no longer comprising nanostructures, the nitrogen content decreases rapidly to a rate corresponding to the rate obtained according to the nitriding process of the prior art.
- This treatment makes it possible to obtain microstructures of more favorable material with regard to fatigue, fatigue by small clearance (fretting fatigue) and contact fatigue.
- the curve shown in FIG. 5B corresponds to the measurement of the nitrogen content as a function of the thickness of the treated surface, when the part has undergone nitriding for two hours at a temperature of 350 ° C.
- the curve in solid lines corresponds to the measurement carried out for a surface previously treated according to the process for generating nanostructures according to the invention.
- the dashed line curve corresponds to the measurement made for an untreated surface by generation of nanostructures.
- the treatment for generating nanostructures on the surface made it possible to obtain a nanostructure over a thickness of 20 ⁇ m. It is found that according to the prior art, the nitrogen level is uniform in the thickness of the part and equal to 1%. This rate is too low to satisfactorily modify the mechanical properties of the surface of the part.
- the nitrogen level is 17 times higher than the rate of the untreated part at the surface. Then, the nitrogen level decreases slowly in the thickness of the part comprising the nanostructure, in the end being equal to the rate obtained according to the nitriding process of the prior art when the layer of the part no longer comprises nanostructures.
- the nitriding process according to the prior art is carried out only from a certain temperature, for example close to 550 ° C., for a piece of pure iron. It can therefore be seen that the pretreatment of the part not only makes it possible to obtain a good structure on the surface of a part, but also makes it possible to lower the treatment temperature while retaining, in the case of treatment at 350 ° C. , a nitrogen level higher than the rate obtained without treatment by generation of nanostructures according to the invention.
- nitriding must be performed at a temperature of about 550 ° C, but at this temperature a metal part necessarily undergoes deformations. For parts whose geometric precision is essential, such deformations are not admissible, which consequently prohibits nitriding according to the method of the prior art.
- the process for generating nanostructures according to the invention it is therefore possible to lower the treatment temperature and therefore to reduce or eliminate the deformations of the part. Consequently, precision parts can undergo nitriding, which was impossible according to the prior art.
- the preliminary treatment according to the process for generating nanostructures of the invention also makes it possible to reduce the duration of the treatment.
- the presence of nanostructures and in particular nanometric diffusion channels allows a faster diffusion of the compounds in the surface layer of the part. What has just been explained for nitriding is also true for any surface treatment or physicochemical surface process depending on the law of diffusion in the surface layer of a part.
- the methods of carburizing, carbonitriding, ionic implementation, catalysis or storage of ions in a metal structure are modified when the part undergoes beforehand the process for generating nanostructures according to the invention, that is to say say when it comprises a layer of nanometric microstructures over a thickness of ten or a few tens of microns.
- the surface to be treated can be put under mechanical stress, for example by clamping the part (10) with suitable gripping means (21).
- gripping means are, for example, constituted by a sole (21.2) on which are mounted clamps (21.1) to clamp the workpiece against a wedge protective (21.3) interposed between the part (10) and the sole (21.2).
- a rod (21.4) passing through the sole (21.2) and the shim (21.3) applies a force to the part (10) retained by the flanges (21.1).
- the pressure force can be obtained by threading the rod 21.4 and screwing it into a threaded hole (21.21) formed in the sole (21 .2).
- the invention is not limited to the embodiments described but encompasses any mode making it possible to apply mechanical stresses in one or more places of a part.
- several rods can be provided to apply different stresses in several places to obtain different thicknesses of nanostructures, proportional to the value of the stresses applied at the respective points.
- traction means on each of the ends of the part make it possible to stress it.
- These means consist, for example, of an upper plate (31) and a lower plate (32) kept spaced apart by an adjustable distance by three tie rods (33) arranged at 120 ° and stressing the ends of the part in traction. made integral with each tray.
- the part can, for example, pass through each plate through orifices and come to bear against the surface of each plate facing outwards by means of rings forming shoulders and made integral with the ends of the part by a transverse locking screw. to the ring.
- the plates, in particular that (32) oriented towards the projectile emission zone, are provided, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 represents a diagram of another device for generating nanostructures by ultrasound which can be used for carrying out the invention and optionally with the stressing device shown in FIG. 2.
- the ultrasonic device of Figure 4 can also be used with the device of FIG. 3.
- the sonotrode (24) is made integral with a bowl (20) whose upper orifice is closed by a device (21), for example of the type of FIG. 2, for stressing the part (10) to be treated.
- the device (21) is mounted relative to the bowl (20) on means allowing the adjustment of the distance between the face exposed to the bombardment and the bottom of the bowl (201) which constitutes the emitting surface of the balls (22).
- the principle of setting the balls in motion by ultrasound is to set the balls (22) in motion, by means of an ultrasonic generator (24) operating at a determined frequency, which communicates a movement of amplitude and of determined speed. in the bowl (20).
- the amplitude of the movement of the sonotrode can be chosen from a few microns to a few hundred microns.
- the balls (22) draw their energy from the movement of the bowl and will strike the surface of the part (10) a large number of times, according to variable and multiple incident angles, creating at each impact a plastic deformation of the grains made up of 'an agglomerate of molecules of matter or alloy, having any meaning.
- the applied stress may be thermal.
- the surface to be treated is heated, either entirely to obtain a uniform thickness of nanocrystalline structures over the entire surface of the part subjected to the bombardment of beads, or locally to obtain variations in thickness of nanocrystalline structures.
- heating means by radiation, conduction or convection are installed in the bowl or on the part or in the acoustic enclosure of the machine.
- the processing time is used to determine the thickness of the nanostructure. It has been observed that, up to a determined value of different duration as a function of the size of the beads, the more the duration increases the more the thickness of the layer of nanostructures increases up to a duration corresponding to saturation and no longer allowing to modify the thickness of the layer. This determined value is obtained either by experience or by a mathematical model for a given material. However, when the duration becomes greater than the determined value, the thickness of the nanostructure layer decreases. This phenomenon is due to the fact that the impact of the balls on the surface to be treated generates a release of heat which heats the material. However, from a certain threshold, the heat has the effect of increasing the size of the metal grains.
- the general principle for choosing the parameters of the process for generating nanostructures according to the invention is that, the more the kinetic energy the larger the beads, the greater the level of stress generated in the sub-layer.
- the upper limit of the kinetic energy is defined, in particular by heating caused by the release of this kinetic energy during the impact on the surface to be treated and by the mechanical resistance of the balls and of the material constituting the part. This drawback can be reduced or eliminated by cooling the enclosure or the room with a cooling system. Indeed, as explained above, the rise in temperature tends to make the metal grains magnify, and the material must not crack. Other parameters can be taken into account to obtain larger layers of nanostructures or to reduce the duration of treatment.
- the hardness of the balls plays a role, in particular in the transfer of the kinetic energy from the ball to the surface of the part.
- the acoustic pressure generated by the sound waves also influences the process of generating the nanostructure.
- the generation of nanostructures by ultrasound or the projection of the jets of beads can be carried out in a medium containing a specific specific gas modifying the mechanical behavior or the chemical chemical composition of the surface of the material during impacts. marbles.
- the surface to be treated must be exposed to a generation of nanostructures by ultrasound for 2 to 3 minutes with beads 3 mm in diameter.
- the surface to be treated must be exposed to a generation of nanostructures by ultrasound for approximately 400 s with balls of 300 ⁇ m in diameter.
- the processing time for the generation of nanostructures in common metal alloys or materials is between 50 and 1300 s and that the diameter of the beads used is understood between 300 ⁇ m and 3mm. The total time required can be extended or reduced depending on the material.
- the process for generating nanostructures is characterized by the fact that it comprises: a step of spraying onto the surface of the part (10) to be treated, for a determined duration, at a determined speed and under variable incidences at the same point of impact, of a determined quantity of perfectly spherical balls (22) of determined dimensions and reused continuously during projection; repetition of the previous step with displacement of the point of impact so that all of the points of impact cover the entire surface to be treated of the part; - a chemical treatment step for at least part of the time of generation of the nanostructures.
- the treatment step is a nitriding comprising placing the part (10) to be treated under a nitrogen atmosphere, at a determined temperature between 350 and 550 ° C., for a determined period of between 30 minutes and 10 hours.
- the processing step comprises case hardening in the metal structure of the part.
- the treatment step comprises carbonitriding.
- the processing step includes an ionic implementation.
- the processing step includes a thermochemical treatment whose diffusion plays an active role.
- the projection step is carried out after filling the enclosure in which the device for generating nanostructures is placed with inert gas. In another embodiment, the projection step is carried out after filling the enclosure with chemically active gas.
- the generation method comprises a step of mechanical and / or thermal stressing of the metal part (10) to be treated.
- the step of projecting the balls (22) is carried out by means of an ultrasonic generator (20) whose sound waves cause the movement of the balls (22) with random directions.
- the diameter of the perfectly spherical balls (22) is between 300 ⁇ m and 3 mm depending on the desired thickness of the layer of nanostructures of a user.
- the projection time is determined as a function of the thickness of nanostructures desired by the user. In another embodiment, the duration of projection of the balls (22) is between 30 and 1300s.
- the treatment is carried out at low temperatures below ambient temperature.
- the device for generating nanostructures over a determined thickness of a metal part (10) comprising means for setting in motion at a determined speed balls (22) of determined dimensions is characterized in that the balls (22) used are perfectly spherical and that the means for setting in motion with a determined speed comprise means for obtaining variable angles of incidence for the same point of impact, means for reusing the balls (22) and means (26) for diffusing 'a chemical compound in a sealed enclosure (25).
- the generation device comprises means for stressing the metal part (10) and / or means for heating the part (10).
- the means for moving the balls (22) comprise an ultrasonic generator (20) causing the movement of the balls (22) with random directions, the means for reusing the balls (22) being constituted by the enclosure of the ultrasonic generator.
- the device for generating nanostructures comprises means for adjusting the distance (d) between the source of emission of the beads and the part to be treated.
- the distance is of the order of 4 to 40 mm.
- the distance is preferably of the order of 4 to 5 mm.
- the device for generating nanostructures comprises means for adjusting the duration of emission of the balls and their speed.
- the balls are of an amount such that they occupy, when the means for setting in motion by ultrasound are inactive, an area greater than 30% of the area of the sonotrode.
- the speed is between 5 and 100m / s. In another embodiment, the speed is of the order of 5 to
- the means for moving the balls (22) comprise means for projecting a jet of balls (22) with an angle of incidence of the balls (22) relative to the surface of the part (10), variable as a function of time and of the means of producing a relative displacement parallel to the part of the projection means when several angles of incidence have been produced on the same point of impact.
- the device for generating nanostructures comprises means for locally cooling the treated area of the part.
- the duration of projection of the balls (22) is between 30 and 1300 s
- the device is enclosed in an acoustic insulation enclosure (25).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0009950 | 2000-07-28 | ||
| FR0009950A FR2812285B1 (fr) | 2000-07-28 | 2000-07-28 | Procede de traitement de nanostructures et dispositif de traitement de nanostructures |
| PCT/FR2001/002482 WO2002010462A1 (fr) | 2000-07-28 | 2001-07-27 | Procede de traitement de nanonstructures et dispositif de traitement de nanostructures |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1307598A1 true EP1307598A1 (fr) | 2003-05-07 |
| EP1307598B1 EP1307598B1 (fr) | 2005-01-05 |
Family
ID=8853044
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01960844A Expired - Lifetime EP1307598B1 (fr) | 2000-07-28 | 2001-07-27 | Procede et dispositif de generation de nanostructures |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7691211B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1307598B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1176228C (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2001282241A1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60108252T2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2812285B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2002010462A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (38)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2812285B1 (fr) * | 2000-07-28 | 2003-02-07 | Univ Troyes Technologie | Procede de traitement de nanostructures et dispositif de traitement de nanostructures |
| RU2212375C1 (ru) * | 2002-11-04 | 2003-09-20 | Фонд развития новых медицинских технологий "АЙРЭС" | Способ получения тонких пленок с фрактальной структурой |
| JP4112952B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-19 | 2008-07-02 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 表層部をナノ結晶化させた金属製品の製造方法 |
| JPWO2004059015A1 (ja) * | 2002-12-25 | 2006-04-27 | 新東工業株式会社 | 金属表面の微細化方法及びその金属製品 |
| DE102006008210A1 (de) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-23 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Strahlkammer zum Oberflächenstrahlen, insbesondere zum Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlen von Gasturbinen-Bauteilen |
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| US20110252850A1 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-20 | Jian Lu | Method and device of enhancing diffusibility of metallic surfaces and applications thereof |
| FR2970006B1 (fr) * | 2010-12-30 | 2013-07-05 | Wheelabrator Allevard | Traitement de surface d'une piece metallique |
| FR2976589B1 (fr) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-09-12 | Wheelabrator Allevard | Traitement de surface d'une piece metallique |
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| WO2015014319A1 (fr) | 2013-08-02 | 2015-02-05 | City University Of Hong Kong | Réseaux nanostructurés produits au moyen d'un procédé de traitement d'attrition mécanique de surface |
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| US9809893B2 (en) | 2015-02-26 | 2017-11-07 | City University Of Hong Kong | Surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) methods and systems for modifying nanostructures |
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| CN114635022B (zh) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-08-04 | 中山大学 | 一种喷丸距离连续可调的深冷超声喷丸装置及方法 |
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| US4415378A (en) * | 1982-04-22 | 1983-11-15 | Dana Corporation | Case hardening method for steel parts |
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| US7147726B2 (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2006-12-12 | Universite De Technologie De Troyes | Mechanical method for generating nanostructures and mechanical device for generating nanostructures |
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2000
- 2000-07-28 FR FR0009950A patent/FR2812285B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-07-27 US US10/343,009 patent/US7691211B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-07-27 DE DE60108252T patent/DE60108252T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-27 EP EP01960844A patent/EP1307598B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-27 WO PCT/FR2001/002482 patent/WO2002010462A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2001-07-27 CN CNB011229810A patent/CN1176228C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-07-27 AU AU2001282241A patent/AU2001282241A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2006
- 2006-09-15 US US11/532,314 patent/US7300622B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Title |
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|---|---|
| AU2001282241A1 (en) | 2002-02-13 |
| CN1336445A (zh) | 2002-02-20 |
| DE60108252T2 (de) | 2006-01-26 |
| US7691211B2 (en) | 2010-04-06 |
| EP1307598B1 (fr) | 2005-01-05 |
| US7300622B2 (en) | 2007-11-27 |
| DE60108252D1 (de) | 2005-02-10 |
| FR2812285B1 (fr) | 2003-02-07 |
| CN1176228C (zh) | 2004-11-17 |
| US20040250920A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
| WO2002010462A1 (fr) | 2002-02-07 |
| FR2812285A1 (fr) | 2002-02-01 |
| US20070006943A1 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
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