EP1307312A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung präziser bauteile mittels lasersintern - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung präziser bauteile mittels lasersinternInfo
- Publication number
- EP1307312A1 EP1307312A1 EP01957742A EP01957742A EP1307312A1 EP 1307312 A1 EP1307312 A1 EP 1307312A1 EP 01957742 A EP01957742 A EP 01957742A EP 01957742 A EP01957742 A EP 01957742A EP 1307312 A1 EP1307312 A1 EP 1307312A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- mass
- elements
- particles
- microns
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing precise components according to the preamble of the main claim.
- a component is then produced using the laser sintering method by sintering metal powder mixtures with three components.
- the most important aim of the invention is to increase the melting temperature of the finished component.
- the invention has for its object to produce metallic components in the laser sintering process inexpensively with very good mechanical properties and in high quality.
- the powder mixture with which components are to be produced in the laser sintering process consists of the main component iron and further powder components, which can be in elementary, pre-alloyed or partially pre-alloyed form. From these powder alloy elements there is a powder alloy in the course of the laser sintering process.
- the following additional powder elements are added individually or in any combination to the main component iron of the powder mixture: carbon C, silicon Si, copper Cu, tin Sn, nickel Ni, molybdenum Mo, manganese Mn, chromium Cr, cobalt Co, Tungsten W, Vanadium V, Titanium Ti, Phosphorus P, Boron B.
- These powder components can be added individually or in any combination, depending on the requirements for the properties of the prefabricated component or the manufacturing process, in the following quantities: carbon C: 0.01-2% by mass, silicon Si: up to 1% by mass , Copper Cu: up to 10% by mass, tin Sn: up to 2% by mass, nickel Ni: up to 10% by mass, molybdenum Mo: up to 6% by mass, manganese Mn: up to 2% by mass or 10-13% by mass, chromium Cr: up to 5% by mass or 12-18% by mass, cobalt Co: up to 2% by mass, tungsten W up to 5% .-%, vanadium V: up to 1% by mass, titanium Ti: up to 0.5% by mass, phosphorus P: up to 1% by mass, boron B: up to 1% by mass.
- the invention provides that the individual powder components are in elementary, alloyed or partially alloyed form. These can be powder particles that are alloyed with the main component iron. In this case they are e.g. Ferrobor, ferrochrome, ferrophosphorus or iron silicide. Further powder elements in alloyed or pre-alloyed form can also be added, e.g. Copper phosphide, which, however, are not listed individually here. It is also envisaged that the data from the above Powder mixture formed powder components is pre-alloyed in a separate process step.
- the powder mixture consists of water or gas atomized powders, carbonyl powders, ground powders or a combination of these.
- the powder particles of the powder mixture have a size of ⁇ 50 ⁇ m, preferably between 20-30 ⁇ m.
- the powder particle size can be between 50 and max. 100 ⁇ m. This particle size is particularly advantageous when the components are to be manufactured quickly, ie when the powder layers are laser sintered. ne layer thickness of max. 100 ⁇ m, at which layer thickness the process can be rotated relatively quickly.
- the main constituent of the powder mixture the iron powder
- the iron powder has a proportion between 5 and 20% of particles of the 'size ⁇ 10 ⁇ m and the remaining amount of the powder particles has a size between 50 and 60 ⁇ m.
- the density of the components after laser sintering can be adjusted so that either short construction times with lower component density or high property requirements (high densities with longer construction times) are taken into account.
- the technical fields of application of the invention consist in the production of metallic prototypes (rapid prototyping), of individual parts (direct parts) or tools (e.g. mold inserts for plastic injection molding or metal die casting - rapid tooling) with the generative method direct metal laser sintering. Due to the very good mechanical properties, such parts can be used in mold and tool construction as well as in machine, plant and vehicle construction.
- the role of the additives consists in the setting of certain mechanical, physical and chemical properties of the finished component. Furthermore, the role of the additives in increasing the absorption capacity of the iron powder by laser beams, reducing the melting point of the powder system, using low-melting elements / alloys, reduction in surface tension and viscosity as well as deoxidation to improve sintering activity to achieve high densities.
- carbon as a fine elemental graphite increases the absorption capacity of iron / steel powder and reduces the melting point of the powder mixture through eutectic reaction and deoxidation.
- Copper or bronze powder with a powder size of less than 45 ⁇ m acts as a low-melting element or a low-melting compound and improves the sintering activity.
- Phosphorus and boron reduce the surface tension and the viscosity of the melt, which arises during the laser sintering process, in order to achieve a good surface quality by avoiding the formation of spheres.
- the role of the other powder alloy elements can lie both in the setting of the desired mechanical properties and in the reaction with other elements for increased melt formation (Fe-C-Mo).
- the powder elements carbon, molybdenum, chromium, manganese, nickel bring about the high mechanical properties of the finished component.
- Phosphorus, boron, copper and tin have a high sintering activity.
- the density can be varied between 70 and 95% of the theoretical density.
- a powder mixture consisting of iron, 0.8 mass% C, 0.3 mass% B is made with the laser sintering parameters 215 W CO 2 laser, 100 mm / s laser scanning speed, 0.3 mm laser track width with a layer height of 100 ⁇ m laser sintered to a density of 80 - 85% of the theoretical density.
- the component hardness after laser sintering is approx. 200 HV30.
- a powder mixture consisting of iron, 0.7 - 1 M. -% C, 2 - 4 M .-% Cu, 1.5 M .-% Mo, 0.15 M .-% B is with the laser sintering parameters 215 W C0 2 lasers, 100 mm / s laser scanning speed, 0.3 mm laser track width at a layer height of 50 ⁇ m to a density of 92 +/- 1% of the theoretical density.
- the component hardness after laser sintering is approx. 370 HV30.
- a powder mixture consisting of iron, 1 - 1.2 M .-% C, 2 - 4 M .-% Cu, 0.4 M .-% P is with the laser sintering parameters 215 W CO 2 laser, 100 mm / s laser scanning speed , 0.3 mm laser track width with a, compared to the first example, reduced layer height of 50 ⁇ m to a density of 90 +/- 1% of the theoretical density.
- An iron powder mixture with 0.8 mass% carbon results in roughness values of R z 150 ⁇ m and R a 29 ⁇ m after laser sintering. If the carbon content is increased to 1.6% by mass, the roughness values improve to R z 60 ⁇ m and R a 19 ⁇ m. Powder mixtures with very good mechanical properties after laser sintering have roughness values of R z 75 ⁇ m and R a 11 ⁇ m.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10039144A DE10039144C1 (de) | 2000-08-07 | 2000-08-07 | Verfahren zur Herstellung präziser Bauteile mittels Lasersintern |
DE10039144 | 2000-08-07 | ||
PCT/DE2001/002887 WO2002011929A1 (de) | 2000-08-07 | 2001-07-27 | Verfahren zur herstellung präziser bauteile mittels lasersintern |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1307312A1 true EP1307312A1 (de) | 2003-05-07 |
Family
ID=7652040
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01957742A Withdrawn EP1307312A1 (de) | 2000-08-07 | 2001-07-27 | Verfahren zur herstellung präziser bauteile mittels lasersintern |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1307312A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2001279573A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10039144C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002011929A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109890552A (zh) * | 2016-11-01 | 2019-06-14 | 纳米钢公司 | 用于粉末层熔融的可3d印刷的硬质含铁金属性合金 |
Families Citing this family (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10239369B4 (de) * | 2002-08-28 | 2005-11-10 | Schott Ag | Verwendung eines pulverförmigen Werkstoffs zum selektiven Versintern |
DE102004008054B8 (de) * | 2003-02-25 | 2007-02-08 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd., Kadoma | Metallpulver-Zusammensetzung zur Verwendung beim selektiven Lasersintern |
DE10340052B4 (de) * | 2003-08-28 | 2006-02-09 | Dieter Ronsdorf | Verfahren zur Herstellung von flexiblen Funktionsspannelementen |
US9833788B2 (en) | 2004-03-21 | 2017-12-05 | Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems | Powder for layerwise manufacturing of objects |
US20050207931A1 (en) | 2004-03-21 | 2005-09-22 | Toyota Motorsport Gmbh | unknown |
WO2005090448A1 (de) | 2004-03-21 | 2005-09-29 | Toyota Motorsport Gmbh | Pulver für das rapid prototyping und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
EP1992709B1 (de) * | 2007-05-14 | 2021-09-15 | EOS GmbH Electro Optical Systems | Metallpulver zur Verwendung bei additiven Verfahren zur Herstellung von dreidimensionalen Objekten und Verfahren zur Verwendung dieses Metallpulvers |
DE102007058976A1 (de) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-10 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formkörpers durch schichtweises Aufbauen aus pulverförmigem, metallischem Werkstoff |
DE102007059865A1 (de) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-06-18 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formkörpers durch schichtweises Aufbauen aus pulverförmigem, metallischen Werkstoff |
CN101392354B (zh) * | 2008-10-24 | 2010-09-08 | 宁波禾顺新材料有限公司 | 一种高合金冷作模具钢 |
US8007373B2 (en) | 2009-05-19 | 2011-08-30 | Cobra Golf, Inc. | Method of making golf clubs |
US9330406B2 (en) | 2009-05-19 | 2016-05-03 | Cobra Golf Incorporated | Method and system for sales of golf equipment |
DE102010029078A1 (de) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-11-24 | Matthias Fockele | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gegenstandes durch schichtweises Aufbauen aus pulverförmigem Werkstoff |
US8986604B2 (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2015-03-24 | Materials Solutions | Heat treatments of ALM formed metal mixes to form super alloys |
GB201017692D0 (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2010-12-01 | Materials Solutions | Heat treatments of ALM formed metal mixes to form super alloys |
DE102010060487A1 (de) * | 2010-11-11 | 2012-05-16 | Taiwan Powder Technologies Co., Ltd. | Legierungs- Stahl- Pulver und dessen Sinter- Körper |
DE102011000202A1 (de) * | 2011-01-18 | 2012-07-19 | Taiwan Powder Technologies Co., Ltd. | Stahlpulverzusammensetzung und Sinterkörper daraus |
GB201316430D0 (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2013-10-30 | Univ Nottingham | Additive manufacturing |
DE102013110417A1 (de) * | 2013-09-20 | 2015-03-26 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Metallpulver für pulverbasierte Fertigungsprozesse und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Bauteils aus Metallpulver |
EP3096909A4 (de) * | 2014-01-24 | 2017-03-08 | United Technologies Corporation | Legieren von metallmaterialien während der additiven fertigung von einem oder mehreren teilen |
DE102014214562A1 (de) * | 2014-07-24 | 2016-01-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Verarbeitung und Verwendung von Abfall metallabhebender oder spanender Prozesse |
JP2016160454A (ja) | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-05 | 日本シリコロイ工業株式会社 | レーザー焼結積層方法、熱処理方法、金属粉末、及び、造形品 |
DE102015013357A1 (de) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-04-20 | Vdm Metals International Gmbh | Korrosionsbeständiges Pulver |
DE102016202154A1 (de) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sinterwerkstoff und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE102016221840A1 (de) | 2016-11-08 | 2018-05-09 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Außenring für einen Turbolader |
DE102017113703A1 (de) * | 2017-06-21 | 2018-12-27 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Lagerringes und Wälzlager mit Lagerring |
US20200406351A1 (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2020-12-31 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Composition |
DE102019105223A1 (de) | 2019-03-01 | 2020-09-03 | Kolibri Metals Gmbh | Metallische Materialzusammensetzung für additiv im 3D-Laserschmelzen (SLM) hergestellte Teile |
DE102019111236A1 (de) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-11-05 | Voestalpine Böhler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg | Stahlmaterial und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
EP3791978A1 (de) * | 2019-09-13 | 2021-03-17 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Generativ gefertigte eisenhaltige komponenten |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5156697A (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1992-10-20 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Selective laser sintering of parts by compound formation of precursor powders |
DE9117128U1 (de) * | 1990-12-07 | 1996-02-08 | Univ Texas | Gesintertes Teil und Pulver zum Sintern |
US5314003A (en) * | 1991-12-24 | 1994-05-24 | Microelectronics And Computer Technology Corporation | Three-dimensional metal fabrication using a laser |
DE4305201C1 (de) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-04-07 | Eos Electro Optical Syst | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts |
EP0742844A1 (de) * | 1994-02-07 | 1996-11-20 | Stackpole Limited | Gesinterte legierung von hoher dichte |
SE9403165D0 (sv) * | 1994-09-21 | 1994-09-21 | Electrolux Ab | Sätt att sintra föremål |
US5745834A (en) * | 1995-09-19 | 1998-04-28 | Rockwell International Corporation | Free form fabrication of metallic components |
DE19721595B4 (de) * | 1997-05-23 | 2006-07-06 | Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems | Material zur direkten Herstellung metallischer Funktionsmuster |
-
2000
- 2000-08-07 DE DE10039144A patent/DE10039144C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-07-27 EP EP01957742A patent/EP1307312A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-07-27 AU AU2001279573A patent/AU2001279573A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-27 WO PCT/DE2001/002887 patent/WO2002011929A1/de active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0211929A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109890552A (zh) * | 2016-11-01 | 2019-06-14 | 纳米钢公司 | 用于粉末层熔融的可3d印刷的硬质含铁金属性合金 |
CN109890552B (zh) * | 2016-11-01 | 2022-09-16 | 麦克莱恩-福格公司 | 用于粉末层熔融的可3d印刷的硬质含铁金属性合金 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002011929A1 (de) | 2002-02-14 |
AU2001279573A1 (en) | 2002-02-18 |
DE10039144C1 (de) | 2001-11-22 |
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