EP1302734B1 - Gate system for closing a gate opening between two spaces at very different temperatures - Google Patents

Abstract

Parallel with the door-opening are two separately movable door leaves (2,3) between which is an air-insulating pad. At least one of the door leaves - that facing the warmer side of the door opening- is motor-driven so fast that it acts as .temporary closure piece between two successive through-entries. The door leaves have double-walled strips filled with insulating material.

Description

The invention relates to a gate assembly for the completion of a door opening between rooms with very different temperatures such as the door opening of a Freezer space.

As an exterior finish for freezers or other air-conditioned spaces it is known to arrange a sliding door, which is insulated. The through this sliding door unfolded insulation effect corresponds essentially to the insulating effect of Exterior walls of the air-conditioned room, so that in the closed state of the gate evenly insulated room is present, in which then to be cooled Good as For example, food or the like can be stored.

For loading or emptying this air-conditioned room, it is in each case required to open the sliding door. However, this leads to an exchange of air between the interior of the air-conditioned room and the environment, giving stability the climate in this room affected, especially as such sliding doors cumbersome and thus are relatively slow to operate. This problem is exacerbated in particular when the air-conditioned room frequently enter or travel on transport equipment becomes. In order to compensate for the losses that occur, the Air conditioning equipment such as refrigerators then driven to higher power when the sliding door is open. Often this is also an additional aggregate to ensure that the stored products do not become unusable. However, this involves a considerable additional expenditure of energy. Furthermore The penetrating warm and humid air leads to an additional load of Cooling units, as the precipitating moisture freezes on the cooling surfaces and significantly reduces the cooling capacity of the cooling unit.

To counter this, it is also known, within the conditioned space, i.e. inside the sliding gate, a strip curtain, a pendulum or a folding gate as To arrange auxiliary closure. The thus formed refrigeration lock becomes an air circulation between the interior of the air conditioned room and the environment in much better extent avoided.

However, this arrangement has also proved to be disadvantageous in practice: It has been shown that the warm ambient air after opening the Schiebetors on the strip curtain, etc. meets and there due to the temperature differences condensed on both sides of the strip curtain. This leads to a considerable accumulation of moisture or icing on the strip curtain and the underlying Floor area. The function of the strip curtain is thereby significantly impaired. In particular, the formation of ice in the ground area when entering or Driving around the air-conditioned room is an obstacle and a danger some people have started to heat this floor area. This in turn, however, the climate in the affected area is negatively affected because This heater thus, for example, against the action of the cooling units is working. Ultimately, this leads to a significantly increased energy consumption for the Air conditioning of the room.

Similar problems also arose in the construction methods in which instead of a Strip curtain or the like a roller shutter inside the air-conditioned room was arranged. For this purpose, for example from DE 298 21 157 U1 a cold lock with a hinged door as the exterior finish and a roller shutter inside known. Here, the formation of ice on the shutter of the roller shutter caused that it was not easy to roll it up. To the functionality of the roller door To be able to maintain, in this embodiment, at least the Guided tours and preferably the hanging heated. This also in the ground area Under the roller shutter forming ice is also eliminated by a floor heating. The sum of heaters and the low insulation capacity of the blind lead in this construction, that extremely large heat energy in the air-conditioned Space is introduced to keep the lock ready for use. This is high Energy losses associated. EP 0 816 624 A2 describes an example of such High-speed door for deep-freeze houses where the guides are heated.

In order to avoid such problems, finally, gate arrangements were known in which rolling doors or the like outside the air-conditioned room and are thus arranged outside the sliding door. An example of this is in the EP 1 070 926 A1. With the sliding door open the interface with the maximum temperature difference then not inside the air-conditioned space, but outside in the area of the roller shutter on. This construction has the disadvantage that thus between the sliding gate and the outside roller door existing unaired (warm) air in any case when opening the sliding gate leads to an impairment of the climate in the room. The essential reason why this construction has hardly prevailed in practice, but lies in one Another problem: the free space in front of such an air-conditioned Space is usually low. Often borders such a refrigerator or the like directly to a loading dock or the like, to which delivery vehicles andokken, to deliver or pick up the goods to be air conditioned. In addition, too Transport equipment such as forklift maneuvering in this Have area. This construction is therefore hardly realized.

Furthermore, these are provided as auxiliary shutter strip curtains, swing doors or roller shutters not suitable to provide a sufficient insulation effect on its own to provide the air conditioned space. They can be applied when the air-conditioned room is limited in time and not too often.

Here, however, the constant effort of logistics is increasingly gone, storage phases possible to keep short in order to save space capacity. Therefore The feed frequencies for such air-conditioned rooms are now very high high. Since the auxiliary fasteners described above such as a striped curtain or the like. but are not suitable to serve as a permanent closure for the door opening of the air-conditioned Space to serve, and since the conventional sliding gate is relatively slow in itself These circumstances required new solutions.

So one has now proceeded to execute these sliding gates so that they can be actuated quickly. Then the sliding gate can already be used for short-term Feeding pauses are closed without the feed process thereby is significantly impaired. An alternative solution envisages a sectional door highly insulating train and run fast. Even these construction methods have However, there are a number of disadvantages: These gates and especially the ones require Leadership facilities require considerable space laterally or above the door opening air-conditioned room. However, the space available in this area is limited this is considered problematic in practice. In addition, such Sliding door or such a door leaf a considerable weight, why in the Fast-start operation difficult-to-control dynamic conditions occur. For the Schnellaufbetrieb it is also necessary that the guides and possibly also the Sections of the door leaf e.g. heated by heating loops, making them ice-free stay. Otherwise, undefined operating conditions could occur.

Another reason why such constructions are considered skeptical in practice is that damage to the insulating door assembly devastating Can have consequences for the climate in the insulated room. So it can happen that such a high-speed gate assembly is not opened in time and by a Load vehicle such as a forklift or the like is so damaged that it can no longer produce a full completion of the conditioned space. Even if in some embodiments still an auxiliary closure by a Strip curtain or the like is present, it still does not usually succeed to provide the necessary insulation to maintain the climate in the room. This is an extreme for the operator of such a conditioned space critical situation, since then in the period until the repair of the damaged gate frequently a high economic damage due to destruction of the stored good occurs. Here are the demands for a high opening speed of the gate and after a reliable protection of the climate in the insulated room.

US 5,488,982 describes an example of a conventional high speed roll-up door.

Furthermore, from FR 2 799 539 A1 a refrigerator door with two spaced Rolltorbehängen arranged to each other, which complete the door opening. In the course of an opening movement, these two hangings become simultaneously operated so that they rise parallel to each other in the lintel area and there be wound up. The situation is different with the closing movement: this is the first one closed the outer roller door, whereupon then with some delay, the inner Door leaf moves in its closed position. This serves to cause a condensation of To avoid moisture at the inner gate. So is by the first taking place Close to the outside of the refrigerator door an access of the warm outside air in prevented the area between the two door leaves, whereupon the cold and dry cooling air into the space between the two door leaves can spread before then the inner door leaf is closed.

The present invention is based on the teaching of EP 1 070 926 A1 as the next coming state of the art, as one of them as a quick conclusion of Refrigerator serving high-speed door is provided, which serves as a temporary closure for periods when the sliding gate is open.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a gate assembly for Completion of a door opening between rooms with very different temperature how to provide a door opening of a freezer, which on the one hand a Charging the room with high frequency allows and on the other hand, an impairment the climate in such areas keeps as low as possible.

This object is achieved by a gate assembly having the features of the claim 1 solved.

Thus, the door assembly according to the invention two parallel the door opening each finally arranged, independently movable door leaves, which limit an interposed Luftdämmpolster where the two door leaves are made of double-walled slats. This is at least one of the gate blades motor driven so fast that it proves to be provisional Quick completion of the door opening between successive passages is suitable. Furthermore, the two door leaves unfold the required together with the Luftdämmpolster Kühldämmwirkung.

According to the invention it is thus provided for the first time, the insulation effect for the Close the door opening of the air-conditioned room not in a single door leaf but these on several elements, namely the two door leaves as well as on the intervening Luftdämmpolster distribute. This has the Advantage that, if necessary, even a single door leaf still effective as auxiliary insulation for the air-conditioned room can serve.

With regard to the loading process, this means that, for example, a Door leaf is constantly open, while the other quickly driven door leaf for the respective loading process is opened individually. The times when the Door opening of the air-conditioned room then actually open, so can be minimized become. At the same time, however, the insulation losses during the periods can be reduced be in which at least one door leaf is closed.

Since these door leaves are independently movable according to the invention, In addition, damage to one of the door leaves does not lead to a failure the entire gate assembly and thus to a loss of the entire insulation effect. Through the other door leaf in this case continues to be an effective emergency closure of Gate opening possible. The gate assembly according to the invention therefore has a high Reliability.

Furthermore, according to the invention in the closed state of the gate assembly as well Effect of the air cushion between the two door leaves effectively Used insulation, which is why the door leaves must be less massive. These can therefore be operated at high speed, creating a high Functionality is achieved and in particular the periods can be reduced in which the door opening is completely open. The door assembly according to the invention carries thus significantly to the economics of air conditioning and in particular to a low energy requirement. At the same time, it offers a high level of functional reliability also in the freezer, for example, to -40 ° C readily exists.

Advantageous developments of the door assembly according to the invention are the subject the dependent claims.

Thus, the warmer side of the door opening facing the door leaf as a provisional Serve fast. Then lies on this door leaf in all operating conditions the warmer outside air, making icing even more reliably avoidable is.

Furthermore, both door leaves can be motor driven so fast that they themselves as a temporary quick closure of the door opening between successive Transits are suitable, both door leaves are driven synchronously. Then can between two passages through the gate opening in each case a full-fledged outer finish be provided for the air-conditioned room. Because of the high possible Operating speed of the door leaves of e.g. 3 m / s, it is profitable and the loading process usually not detrimental, these in the meantime each close. The energy losses can be reduced even further. simultaneously However, it is still possible in case of damage to one of the door leaves still the to drive others individually and with this one also with regard to the insulation make effective auxiliary closure.

The door leaves may have double-walled slats, which filled with an insulating material. This allows the door leaves at a structurally simple construction reliably the desired insulating effect unfold. As an insulating material in this case, for example, a foamed Plastic used.

Furthermore, the free distance between the two door leaves, i. the thickness of the Air cushion preferably greater than 50 mm. It has been in practical trials shown that such a Luftdämmpolster effectively the heat transfer resistance can increase the gate assembly. In particular, it is also provided here that the Distance between the two door leaves greater than 150 mm and preferably larger than 250 mm. In general, a thicker air cushion supports reinforced to increase the Thermal resistance at, with this effect increasingly by the air circulation is weakened in the space between the two door leaves. Of the optimum value for this measure thus also depends on the conditions of use and here in particular from the regular temperature difference between the inside of the air-conditioned room and the environment and should be adjusted accordingly.

Another advantage is when the temperature of the air cushion can be controlled is. Then, the location of the dew point in the gate assembly according to the invention can be targeted and be set relatively freely, as the heat flows through the insulating effect of Door leaves are limited. This has the particular advantage that it condensation processes can be controlled specifically on the gate assembly. A possible ice formation can thus be largely avoided. This is true both in the case that both door leaves are actuated together, as well as in the event that a single Door leaf is used as a temporary quick closure. It can by suitable Selection of the temperature of the air cushion immediately before the loading process the situation can be adjusted so that no condensation on the one constantly operated door leaf occurs. This can be used as a parameter for the control of Temperature of the air cushion, in particular the outside temperature and humidity on the outside, the inside temperature and possibly the humidity on the outside Inside be used to calculate from this the heating demand, in which a Condensation is largely avoided. Another advantage of this design lies in the fact that the door leaves are kept energy-free can, i. no heating loops must be arranged in the slats to one To avoid icing of the door leaf.

In this case, it is also possible that in the air cushion with respect to the Temperature adjusted air is introduced from the colder gate side. This has the Advantage that the air on the colder Torseite usually a lower humidity contains and thus condensation processes are even better avoided can. The reliability of the door assembly according to the invention thereby increases further.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Toranordnung gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;

Fig.2

eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Toranordnung gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 3

eine weitere abgewandelte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Toranordnung;

Fig. 4

noch eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Toranordnung;

Fig. 5

ein Diagramm, welches den mittleren Wärmedurchgangskoeffizienten in Abhängigkeit von der Dicke des Luftdämmpolsters zeigt;

Fig. 6

ein Diagramm, welches den kritischen Feuchtegrad in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur des Luftdämmpolsters zeigt; und

Fig. 7

ein Diagramm, welches die Tauwasserbildung auf einer Lamelle in Abhängigkeit von der Außentemperatur und der Innentemperatur zeigt.

The invention will be explained in more detail in exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures of the drawing. It shows:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a door assembly according to the invention according to a first embodiment;

Fig.2

a schematic representation of the door assembly according to the invention according to a second embodiment;

Fig. 3

a further modified embodiment of the door assembly according to the invention;

Fig. 4

Yet another embodiment of the gate assembly according to the invention;

Fig. 5

a diagram showing the average heat transfer coefficient as a function of the thickness of the Luftdämmpolsters;

Fig. 6

a diagram showing the critical degree of humidity as a function of the temperature of the Luftdämmpolsters; and

Fig. 7

a diagram showing the formation of condensation on a lamella as a function of the outside temperature and the internal temperature.

As shown in Fig. 1, a gate assembly 1 has an outer door leaf 2, an inner door leaf 3 and an interposed Luftdämmpolster on.

The door leaves 2 and 3 each have a plurality of bendable with each other connected lamellas and for the bottom-side conclusion of a final profile, which are not shown in detail here. In the area of the fall of the gate opening are the door leaves 2 and 3 in the course of the opening operation without contact to a Spiral wound, which is predetermined by lateral guides. An example for Such door leaves is in the German patent application DE 101 19 240.1 of the same Applicant of 19 April 2001. This describes an industrial door, whose Door leaf double-walled slats, wherein the slat walls each thermally are separated to limit the heat transfer through the fins, so that Even areas with significantly different room temperatures separated can be. On the disclosure content of this German patent application is hereby incorporated by reference.

Due to the design of the door leaves 2 and 3 of a variety of double-walled trained lamellae, in which the spaces between the lamellar walls also by a foamed plastic to increase the insulating effect are filled, they each have predetermined thermal insulation properties on. Furthermore, the two door leaves 2 and 3 in a manner not shown in Fig. 1 so integrated in a frame, that the intervening Luftdämmpolster at closed gate assembly 1 is closed to the environment. The door leaves 2 and 3 are designed so that they each high-speed, i. with a Speed of 3 m / s are drivable.

The total insulating effect of the door assembly 1 thus results in interaction the respective Dämmfunktion the door leaves 2 and 3 and the in between present air cushion.

For the loading of a indicated in Fig. 1 by parts of the gate lintel Refrigerator is first opened the inner door leaf 3 and remains until the end of the Loading process protected in the spiral wound up in the lintel. The outer Gate leaf 2 is each for a passage or a passage in the course of each Loading processes of the storage room open and - as far as appropriate or possible - closed again. Since the door leaves 2 and 3 when opening without contact be wound up in the spiral guide, leads possibly a still existing Ice formation usually does not affect the movement processes.

Should it be damaged in the course of loading the storage room to damage the come outside door leaf 2, then the inner door leaf 3, which in the meantime protected in the spiral in the lintel, closed to due to his own Thermal insulation function at least a temporary effective termination for the air-conditioned To produce storage space.

As a rule, the loading process of the storage room will run smoothly and the door assembly 1 then completely closed again. The achievable by the gate assembly 1 insulating effect can be seen from the schematically entered in Fig. 1 temperature profile line. For example, temperatures of -30 ° C. in the storage room and + 30 ° C. in the free environment can be provided on the door arrangement 1, wherein a dew point t _M is present in the air-insulating cushion.

In Fig. 2 is a modified embodiment of the invention is schematic represented, in which the two door leaves 2 'and 3' arranged on both sides of a lintel are. The further details of the door leaves 2 'and 3' and also their function corresponds to the construction in FIG. 1.

3 shows a further modified embodiment of the door assembly 1, wherein the door leaves 2 "and 3" deflected here respectively in the lintel area of the door opening and not to be wound up into a spiral. This construction is suitable, for example at passages between two rooms, each being air conditioned, being different temperatures are set here.

Fig. 4 shows yet another modification of the gate assembly 1, wherein the Door leaves 2 '' 'and 3' '' respectively on the inside of the lintel are arranged and to a long spiral to be wound up.

Fig. 5 shows a diagram indicating the average heat transfer coefficient of the double door leaf at a heat transfer coefficient of the door leaves of α _a = α _i = 7 W / m ² K depending on the thickness of the Luftdämmpolsters. Here, ISO-K slats were used with λ _{m, L} = 0.049 W / mK, the average temperature of the air cushion was t _m = 0 ° C (unheated). From this it is clearly visible how the average heat transfer coefficient decreases with increasing thickness of the air cushion, ie a better thermal insulation is achieved.

6 shows a diagram which indicates the critical degree of humidity φ _{kr of} the double door leaf in the heat transfer coefficients of α _a = α _i = 7 W / m ² K and the heated air cushion in dependence on the temperature of the air cushion. The thermal conductivity of the ISO-K lamellae of λ _L = 0.0969 W / mK was taken into account. The critical moisture level profile is given for the temperature range of the indoor air (t _Li ) from -30 ° C to 0 ° C, for a different outdoor air temperature (t _La ) and different thicknesses of the Luftdämmpolsters (s). From this diagram it can be seen that the risk of condensation on a door leaf drops significantly when the intervening Luftdämmpolster heated at a higher temperature, ie the heating of the Luftdämmpolsters contributes significantly to prevent condensation on the Torblattoberfläche. At the critical degree of humidity φ _kr , the condensation water forms on the surfaces that border on the outside air.

In Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the condensation on an ISO-K blade in dependence on the outside temperature (t _La ) and the internal temperature (t _Li ), wherein the thermal conductivity of the blade λ _L = 0.0969 W / mK and the heat transfer coefficient α _a = 10 W / m ² K and α _i = 4.5 W / m ² K. From this it can be seen at which moisture level of the outside air (φ _a ) (the critical degree of humidity), the formation of condensation on the slat surface begins. Condensation depends on the outside air temperature (t _La ) and the inside air temperature (t _Li ). The condensation water forms on the surface of the lamella, which borders on the outside air.

The invention leaves next to the embodiments shown further design approaches to.

Thus, the door leaves 2 and 3 may be configured in a different manner than this in German Patent Application DE 101 19 240.1 is described. It should be the However, both door leaves each considered for themselves also a Kühldämmwirkung unfold. The door leaves can for example also be designed as sectional door leaves be.

The winding of the two door leaves 2 and 3 can both on one side as shown the gate fall, separated on the opposite sides of a Torsturzes, or however be arranged under a lintel. Also combinations of these are possible. Which combination is chosen depends on the conditions of use, i. of which space is available, and whether the door assembly 1, for example separates a cold room from the free environment, or whether with the door assembly 1 two interiors are separated.

Especially at extremely different temperatures between the two Furthermore, by the door assembly 1 separate spaces, it is also possible that both Door leaves 2 and 3 are driven synchronously and together as a provisional Quick closure of the door opening between successive passages serve. Then, even during the loading of each a full-fledged exterior of the Gate opening given, if this is not straight through.

Furthermore, it is also possible to regulate the temperature of the air cushion between the two door leaves 2 and 3 targeted, so as to avoid the formation of condensation and thus of ice on and under the door leaves 2 and 3. For this purpose, for example, heated air from the interior of the air-conditioned space and introduced into the air cushion. The position of the dew point t _M within the door assembly 1 can be adjusted so targeted, whereby the condensation behavior is controlled at the door assembly 1.

Claims (7)

1. A gate arrangement (1) for closure of a passageway between rooms with markedly different temperatures such as a passageway of a freezer-room, comprised of two door curtains arranged parallel to one another and each closing the passageway, characterized in that said door curtains are movable independently of one another, wherein at least one of the door curtains (2, 2', 2", 2''') can be motor-driven at such a speed, that it is suitable as a temporary high-speed closure between successive passages or transits therethrough, and wherein the two door curtains (2, 2', 2", 2'''; 3, 3', 3",3''') have double-walled slats, wherein none of the two door curtains (2, 2', 2", 2'''; 3, 3', 3",3''') provides alone the required insulating effect to maintain the cooling temperature, and wherein said two door curtains (2, 2', 2", 2'''; 3, 3', 3",3''') in the closed condition border an insulating air buffer arranged between them, so that they together with the insulating air buffer develop the insulation effect required to maintain the desired cooling temperature.
2. The gate arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the door curtain (2, 2', 2", 2''') facing the warmer side of the passageway serves as a temporary high-speed closure.
3. The gate arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two door curtains can be motor-driven at such a speed that they are suitable as temporary high-speed closures of the passageway between successive passages therethrough, whereby both door curtains can be synchronously driven.
4. The gate arrangement according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the double-walled slats are filled with an insulating material.
5. the gate arrangement according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance between the two gate curtains, that is the thickness of the insulating air buffer, is greater than 50 mm, particularly greater than 150 mm and preferably greater than 250 mm.
6. The gate arrangement according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the temperature of the insulating air buffer can be regulated.
7. The gate arrangement according to Claim 6, characterized in that air adjusted with respect to the temperature can be introduced from the colder side of the gate into the insulating air buffer.

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