EP1298283B1 - Tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for supporting advancing and completion work in tunnel construction, especially in underground railway construction, comprises an auxiliary device (11) in the form of a working platform, a drilling system (7) and/or a spray manipulator movably arranged on rails (16) in a second plane above an extraction and loading machine (2). A machine frame (17) holding the rails is provided in the roof region (4). The machine frame is portal-shaped and moves in the longitudinal direction (6) of the tunnel. The rails are designed as side rails (18, 19) for holding the sliding carriage (25) supporting the trucks of the auxiliary device and for guiding the trucks. <??>Preferred Features: The machine frame has transverse supports (20, 21) connected via the side rails and on which the stabilized side rails are removably fixed, preferably in pairs.

Description

The invention relates to a device for supporting the propulsion and expansion work in tunnel construction, especially in underground construction, consisting of an in the second level above the extraction and loading machine on rails in the longitudinal direction movably arranged auxiliary devices in the form of a work platform, a drilling system and / or a spray manipulator.

Such facilities to support the excavation and expansion work are fundamentally from underground coal mining and there in the tunneling known. These facilities will be connected to the route expansion at one Monorail overhead rail or suspended on two of these rails in Drive the longitudinal direction back and forth (DE 34 45 062 A1). Because of the stability this expansion and tension against the mountains and the corresponding The necessary forces can be safely transmitted at distances. In tunnel construction, and there is usually no possibility of such, especially in underground construction Auxiliary devices such as work platforms, drilling systems and spray manipulators in the second level because the load-bearing layers of the overburden are not available here are. Carrying expansion arches on which the rails are suspended can, is practically possible, but does not result in financial expense Sense, since these arches in the static calculation of the load-bearing capacity of the route none Role-play. For these reasons, these have been advantageous on the second level auxiliary devices working in tunnel construction above the extraction and loading machine and especially not in underground construction. From EP-A-0 037 807 it is known to build the auxiliary device on the extraction and loading machine and to travel over it in the longitudinal direction. It is therefore only a coupled operation possible.

The invention is based on the object of a device for propulsion Above all to create in tunnel construction with the drilling systems, spray manipulators and working platforms and other auxiliary devices on the second level, d. H. so can be safely used above tunneling machines.

The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of the characterizing Part of claim 1 solved.

The machine frame arranged in the ridge area offers the auxiliary devices mentioned the possibility to act above the extraction and loading machine, without hindering or being hindered by the latter. The machine frame as such is elevated; H. it has a steel structure on the right and left for elevation, which ends in long runners below, which as such Allow moving on the tunnel sole. The elevation is designed so that it can be adapted to the respective tunnel cross-sections. The same will be explained later. It is advantageous that the entire unit is made up of Machine frame and elevation by means of appropriate pulling devices through which Loading and extraction machine or by an excavator in the longitudinal direction can be moved. Of course there is also the possibility of walking in the runners or caterpillars to give the entire facility the opportunity give themselves to move in the longitudinal direction. It is advantageous the entire facility does not depend on the condition of the tunnel ridges, but rather it represents a separate unit that can be moved at a distance below the tunnel ridge is. It does not need the tunnel ridges or the tunnel joints for support because as already mentioned, represents a separate unit. Due to the assignment of the rail to a correspondingly stable machine frame and the targeted guidance of the carriage the slide can also absorb all the necessary forces, even if, for example, the drilling system with long cantilever arm in Use is. The same is due to the special design of the sliding carriage always with their carriages and the stable design of the machine frame ensured.

After an expedient embodiment of the invention it is provided that the Machine frame has cross members connected via the guide rails, on which the stabilized guard rails releasably attached, preferably arranged in pairs. The machine frame is supported by the crossbeams, which can also be attached serve the elevation, and formed the stabilized guardrails, so that appropriate loads and forces can be absorbed. Because of the detachable Fastening provides the option of installing additional guardrails if required or replace the guardrails with other trained ones if this turns out to be should prove necessary.

The respective auxiliary devices, for example the drilling system, are switched on move the guardrails back and forth in the machine frame to get into the work or to reach the rest position. To ensure safe intermediate storage of these auxiliary devices ensure and at the same time impair the efficiency To prevent the loading and extraction machine, it is intended that the machine frame with the guide rails preferably one of the auxiliary devices in the folded Has state-taking length. The machine frame usually protrudes about the front and rear elevation, especially in the front To be able to bring the area as close as possible to the joint. But is always given the appropriate length of several meters, too to be able to safely use correspondingly protruding auxiliary devices.

The necessary stability for the raised machine frame is given if according to the invention the machine frame preferably over two at a distance mutually arranged pairs of expansion arches is raised, on the sole-side End with runners and at the end on the ridge side with crossbeams supporting the guide rails are connected. Arranged at the front and rear ends of the machine frame Double expansion arches give the overall machine frame the necessary Stability without too much effort. Should out of any Heavy auxiliary devices are used for reasons that persist the possibility of a corresponding pair of expansion sheets or a single expansion sheet also to be provided between the pairs of expansion arches arranged at the ends.

To increase the stability of the pairs of expansion arches, that the expansion arch of a pair of expansion arches over bolts or struts that over the Are distributed in height, are interconnected. To the space not to be filled in unnecessarily is usually between the pairs of expansion arches such connections in the form of bolts or struts are dispensed with. With the usual Heights usually range from two or three bolts on each side of the machine frame.

Firstly, to be able to adapt to different cross-sections and on the other hand to ensure the highest possible stability, that the expansion sheet can be assembled from segments that are flanged together are and together formed an arc adapted to the cross-section of the route are. The corresponding shape of the segments makes it possible adapt to usual tunnel cross-sections in such a way that within the extension arch as much space as possible remains for the extraction and loading machine, for example.

The forces occurring via the auxiliary devices themselves and their movement can advantageously be introduced into the guide rails and thus into the machine frame are, because according to the invention, the guide rails have a box profile, in the bottom of which is formed a longitudinal section through which the supporting part of the sliding carriage passes through and the support axis of the running carriage guided in the box profile receives. The carriage as such runs on the corresponding flange of the box profile, whereby it is also guided on the upper flange, so that it is overall the loads on the cantilever drilling arm and the working platform are also safe can take over, especially since several carriages are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction are. At the same time, it can also absorb inclined forces because it is within the Box profile is guided and arranged accordingly. Such box profiles are indeed known in principle, but have not yet been used in tunnel construction. Corresponding but they have adapted considerable advantages for the use described here and give the possibility to safely absorb even high loads and the forces safely transferred to.

A particularly useful training of the box profile is that in which Box profile of the guardrails is formed by two U-profile rails, the longitudinal slot default with the flange tips facing each other with a rectangular rail and the rectangular rail are connected to surrounding brackets. This U-shaped rails are vertical with their webs, so that the flanges on which yes roll the wheels of the carriages, stand accordingly horizontally, in such a way that the longitudinal slot for gripping the supporting part remains in the middle between them. The Brackets or the rectangular rail give the whole the necessary stability, the U-profiles either welded to the rectangular rail or the brackets or screwed on. The rectangular rail is a hollow profile that is used for Taking over the forces is particularly suitable.

The invention provides for ease of conversion or even upgrading before that the brackets with the respective cross member and / or with each other Acquiring transverse forces connected, preferably releasably connected. Usually these parts are screwed together, just like those of the elevation serving extension sheet. The brackets for their part are also with the cross member screwed together or attached to the side of the elevation, so that the To give the whole optimal security and stability.

Earlier it was pointed out that the auxiliary devices have sliding carriages, the carriages of which can be moved in the guide rails are. The forces involved, especially when drilling and also when working It is planned to be able to take over safely on the cantilevered working platform that the auxiliary devices each have a sliding carriage with two in the parallel Have guide rails guided carriages. This means that in everyone the sliding rails carry two sliding carriages at a distance, on which in turn the auxiliary device is attached. This allows the occurring Forces are optimally absorbed and introduced into the system.

The machine frame as such has the optimal length mentioned above to pick up and secure the respective auxiliary devices in the idle state to be able to. Now it turns out that for some reason an extension of the machine frame is necessary, an elevation system with a machine frame could to be added in between. However, it is more optimal if the machine frame, preferably in the area of the guide rails as well as the runners in The longitudinal direction of the line is extendable, preferably telescopic. Due to the circumstances, it will be sufficient for the guardrails to be telescopic are just like the skids, while interposing a cross member in all Rule is not required. However, the extension should be so large that then the connection between the guardrails is required, also screwing on of such a cross member possible.

To automate the lengthening and shortening of the machine frame, It is envisaged that the slide rails and the runners will lengthen and shorten effecting hydraulic cylinders are assigned. These hydraulic cylinders are suitable at the same time advantageous as a lock, so that when driving back and forth respective auxiliary device there is no risk that an extension or Shortening is automatically effected.

As far as the cross-section of the route allows, it is advantageous if several Auxiliary devices parallel to each other on the machine frame in the longitudinal direction are provided movable, because then, for example, the work platform with an upstream Manipulator and next to it the drilling system can be arranged that are movable parallel to each other. Other combinations are also conceivable, whereby the formation of the machine frame even with four then laid parallel to each other Guardrails ensures that the necessary forces are safely introduced into the system can be.

Additional devices are used for the auxiliary devices used in the form of tanks, reserve containers u. Ä. needed, which then the cantilever End of the machine frame. With such training is too then the necessary stability and stability for the raised machine frame given when the auxiliary devices are correspondingly cantilevered in use are. But if there are difficulties or uncertainties, so the invention provides that the machine frame opposite the jacking lying cantilevered end a counterweight and / or pressable against the tunnel ridge Support beams are assigned. The support beams are made using a cylinder or several cylinders are guided against the roof in order to lay down there and with it prevent the cantilevered end of the machine frame from moving out of the horizontal Position moved out.

It has already been pointed out that the elevation, i. H. the pairs of expansion arches, of the machine frame are designed so that they correspond to the cross-section of the line adjust as closely as possible. This is mainly due to the segment by segment Formation of the arc-shaped stand ensured. This results in the interior an optimal use of space, which is still improved can that one or both arcuate uprights of the pairs of support arches are releasably assigned for EMS rails. This gives you the opportunity to bring material to these laterally suspended EMS rails or else to store any things or rather to store them temporarily, if necessary available immediately. Because the EMS rails are relatively close to the extension arch run, also put objects and materials attached or temporarily stored thereon no hindrance to the extraction and loading machine.

The invention is particularly characterized in that a device is created, which is optimally used in tunnel construction and there in turn in underground construction can be used to open up the second level for tunneling. Above the extraction and loading machine can with the help of the device according to the invention Auxiliary devices of practically every kind temporarily stored and positioned or for use be brought without mutual hindrance of the two levels occurs. For safety reasons, this work can usually not be done at the same time be carried out, but in such a way that intermediate set-up times are completely eliminated because practically only the boom needs to be driven to either position to win or load or to drill and pour the concrete. In addition, the facility is characterized in that it is without any burden the tunnel ridge or the tunnel joints can be used also in the form that it is moved in the longitudinal direction. About the procedure either the loading and extraction machine or other equipment is used, a self-propelled or self-moving device is also conceivable. Overall, the work can also be done with the aid of the device according to the invention better coordinated in tunneling and the work as a whole also made easier and safer, so that tunneling is also economical can be handled more optimally.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht des Tunnelvortriebes mit aktiviertem Bohrsystem,

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht mit aktivierten Spritzmanipulator,

Fig. 3

eine Seitenansicht mit zurückgezogenem Maschinenrahmen und aktivierter Gewinnungsmaschine,

Fig. 4

eine Strecke im Querschnitt mit aufgeständertem Maschinenrahmen und

Fig. 5

eine Detailansicht des aufgeständerten Maschinenrahmens im Firstbereich.

Further details and advantages of the subject matter of the invention emerge from the following description of the accompanying drawing, in which a preferred exemplary embodiment is shown with the details and individual parts required for this. Show it:

Fig. 1

a side view of the tunneling with activated drilling system,

Fig. 2

a side view with activated spray manipulator,

Fig. 3

a side view with retracted machine frame and activated extraction machine,

Fig. 4

a section in cross section with the machine frame on it and

Fig. 5

a detailed view of the raised machine frame in the ridge area.

1 shows a jacking device 1 in which the tunnel sole 3 movable extraction and loading machine 2 is in the idle state. In the ridge area 4, the drilling system 7 is active, which remote-controlled the route 5 in the longitudinal direction 6 extended or produces the necessary holes. The drilling system 7 consists of a drill arm 8 and the drill carriage 9 with the drill 10, wherein this drilling system 7 is assigned to a sliding carriage 25. This drilling system 7 is one of the auxiliary devices 11, which in the second level by means of the Machine frame 17 can be used.

2 shows a further auxiliary device 11, here in the form of a work platform 12 with spray manipulator 13. Instead of the small working platform 12 shown here, you can longer and more extensive work platforms 12 can also be used if, for example Steel expansion should be used instead of the concrete shell 15.

The auxiliary device 11, in FIG. 1 the drilling system 7, can be above the machine frame 17 assigned rails 16 moved back and forth in the longitudinal direction 6 1 to the working position according to FIG. 1 or the rest position according to FIG. 3 to be spent. In Fig. 3 there is the boom 14 with the extraction parts in use, with the help of which the necessary cross-section is produced and that Recovery is recovered.

1, 2 and 3 it is clear that the individual auxiliary devices 11 safely in the area of the tunnel ridges 4 into the working position or out of it into the resting position can be spent. For this purpose, the machine frame 17 consists of several parallel guide rails 18, 19 and arranged at a distance Cross members 20, 21. The formation of the guide rails 18, 19 is further below still received. They are stabilized so that they and the cross beams 20, 21 can produce a stable machine frame 17. This machine frame 17 is raised, with the help of expansion sheet 31, which are at a distance from each other are arranged and leave a projecting end 22 and a projecting end 23. While the projecting end 22 serves to support the respective auxiliary device 11 The cantilevered end 23 takes as close as possible to the face 30 Counterweights, for example in the form of cable drums, liquid containers or the like. on, which are not shown here, or a support bracket 24 ensures that the cantilevered end 23 if necessary and if necessary against the concrete shell 15 or can support the tunnel ridges 4.

The respective auxiliary device 11 can be moved via a sliding carriage 25 arranged on the rails 16 and the guide rails 18, 19, the sliding carriage 25 for each guardrail 18, 19 a front carriage 26, 27 and a rear Carriage 28, 29 has. This is the initiation of all occurring forces in the machine frame 17 and thus ensured in the overall system without the There is a risk that the stability of the overall system is impaired.

1, 2 and 3 illustrate that each machine frame 17 for elevation two pairs of expansion bends 32, 33 are used. These pairs of expansion arches 32, 33 are each connected to a runner 35 at the sole-side end 34, while the ridge-side end 36, as will be explained later, with the machine frame 17 is connected. Individual extension arch 31 of the extension arch pairs 32, 33 are connected to each other by bolts 37, which are distributed over the height are two such bolts 37 on each side.

FIG. 4 shows that these individual extension arches 31 or the pairs of extension arches 32, 33 are composed of several segments 38, 39, so as to have an arcuate shape Stand 40 result. The arcuate stand 40 made up of the segments 38, 39 are formed, adapt as far as possible to the cross-section of the route, so that a relatively large central area remains through which the extraction and loading machine 2 can be moved as required.

These arc-shaped stands 40 can be provided with support claws 41, on which EMS rails 42 can then be hung. On these EMS rails 42 can move loads in the direction of the face 30 or else components and Materials are temporarily stored if this proves necessary. As in FIG. 4 clarifies, there is enough space for the extraction and loading machine 2 not to interfere.

FIG. 4 and also FIG. 5 illustrate that the machine frame 17 is designed in this way can be that simultaneously and parallel to each other different auxiliary devices 11 arranged and can also be moved in the longitudinal direction 6. On the right is a drilling system 7, 8 via a sliding carriage 25 in the guide rails 19, 18 movably arranged, while on the left side an auxiliary device 11 in Form of a work platform 12 is shown in the park position. Here too is the working platform 12 is provided with a sliding carriage 25 which is connected to carriages 26, 27, 28, 29, which are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction 6 to achieve the necessary and optimal stability and stability.

The carriages 26, 27, 28, 29 each have two wheels 49, 50 which a support shaft 48 are connected to each other. This support axis 48 is one Carrying part 47 includes the connection to the actual through the longitudinal slot 46 Sliding carriage 25 produces. The actual guardrail, 18, 19 is a box profile 44 formed, the bottom 45 has the longitudinal slot 46 through which the Carrying part 47 passes through.

5 serve as a box profile here 44 two U-profile rails 52, 53, with the flange tips 54, 55 against each other are arranged directed. They are positioned so that they also have the longitudinal slot Specify 46 through which the support member 47 extends and the connection between sliding carriage 25 and carriage 26, 27, 28, 29. The individual U profile rails 52, 53 are at the top with a rectangular rail 56 or a corresponding one box-shaped hollow profile connected and otherwise enclosed by a bracket 57, so that an optimal setting of the box profile 44 is possible. The bracket 57 is an I-profile, so it is possible to use the retaining screws 58 these components and thus at the same time the guide rails 18, 19 with the cross members 20, 21 to connect and also with each other, for which an intermediate piece 59 is used. About one triangular end piece 60, the outer brackets 57 with the ends or the screwed upper segment 38 of the arc-shaped stand 40. Seen overall, is so a stable entire frame or machine frame 17 is formed, the process of the individual auxiliary devices 11 and also the projecting work, as described earlier. Here in Fig. 5 are also the two support beams 24 recognizable, which is assigned to the cantilevered end 23 of the machine frame 17 are to enable a support at the tunnel ridge 4 if necessary.

Claims (16)

1. Device for supporting the advance and completion work in tunnel construction, in particular in underground railway construction, consisting of an auxiliary device (11) movably arranged in the second plane above the extraction and loading machine (2) on rails (16) in the longitudinal direction (6) of the tunnel, in the form of a working platform (12), a drilling system (7) and/or a spray manipulator (13), characterised in that provided in the roof region (4) is a machine frame (17) which receives the rails (16) and is placed on supports in a portal-shaped manner in such a way that it is supported on the tunnel floor without in any way loading the tunnel roof or the tunnel walls and without impeding the extraction and loading machine or being impeded thereby and which is designed so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction (6) of the tunnel, the rails (16) being formed as side rails (18, 19) receiving the bogie trucks (26, 27, 28, 29) of the sliding carriages (25) carrying the auxiliary devices (11) and guiding the bogie trucks (26, 27, 28, 29).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the machine frame (17) has transverse beams (20, 21) connected via the side rails (18, 19), to which transverse beams the stabilised side rails (18, 19) are detachably fastened, preferably arranged in pairs.
3. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the machine frame (17) with the side rails (18, 19) preferably has a length receiving the auxiliary devices (11) in the retracted state.
4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the machine frame (17) is placed on supports over preferably two pairs (32, 33) of completion arches (32,33) arranged at a spacing from one another which are connected at the floor end (34) to runners (35) and, at the roof end (36) to transverse beams (20, 21) carrying the side rails (18, 19).
5. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the completion arches (31) of a pair (32; 33) of completion arches are connected to one another via pins (37) or braces which are arranged distributed over the height.
6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the completion arches (31) can be composed of segments (38, 39) which are flanged together and are designed to produce together an arch adapted to the cross-section of the tunnel.
7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the side rails (18, 19) have a box profile (44), in the base (45) of which a longitudinal slot (46) is formed, through which the support part (47) of the slide slot (25) reaches and receives the support axle (48) of the bogie truck (26, 27, 28, 29) running in a guided manner in the box profile (44).
8. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the box profile (44) of the side rails (18, 19) is formed by two U-profiled rails (52, 53) which, predetermining the longitudinal slot (46) with the flange points (54, 55) pointing to one another, are connected to a rectangular rail (56) and holders (57) also enclosing the rectangular rail (56).
9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the holders (57) are preferably detachably connected to the respective transverse beam (20, 21) and/or to one another so as to absorb transverse forces.
10. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the auxiliary devices (11) each have a sliding carriage (25) with two bogie trucks (26, 27, 28, 29) guided in the side rails (18, 19, 18', 19') extending in parallel.
11. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sliding carriage (25) is equipped with two pairs of spaced apart bogie trucks (26, 27; 28, 29) per side rail (18, 19).
12. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the machine frame (17), preferably in the region of the side rails (18, 19), is designed so that it can be extended, preferably telescopically, like the runners (35).
13. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that hydraulic cylinders bringing about the lengthening and shortening are associated with the slide rails (18, 19) and the runners (35).
14. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a plurality of auxiliary devices (11) are provided so as to be movable parallel to one another on the machine frame (17) in the longitudinal direction (6) of the tunnel.
15. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a counterweight and/or support carrier (24) which can be pressed against the tunnel roof (4) are associated with the machine frame (17) at the returning end (23) opposing the advance.
16. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that support claws (41) for suspension monorails (42) are detachably associated with one or both arch-shaped supports (40) of the pair (32, 33) of completion arches.

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