Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
  • C07C67/48—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
  • C07C67/56—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by solid-liquid treatment; by chemisorption
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
  • A61P17/16—Emollients or protectives, e.g. against radiation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
  • C07C67/03—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
  • C07C67/48—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
  • C07C67/60—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to chemical modification

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of fine chemistry. More specifically, the invention relates to a process for manufacturing a non-greasy emollient.
• Emollients are widely used in cosmetics and pharmacy, to make dry skin supple and to improve its elasticity.
• the term emollient generally designates a set of perceptions transmitted by touch and by sight. Perceptions induced by touch evoke softness, elasticity and sliding power. Perceptions induced by sight evoke shine and mat.
• emollients offered by suppliers of cosmetic raw materials are considerable. These emollients are distinguished from each other by their chemical nature but also by the result of two quantities: Polliness on application and Pollollience residual. There are emollients with a protective effect, others with a superfatting effect, some give the impression of a dry effect, others finally act as astringents.
• esters with a more or less long, linear or branched carbon chain. These fatty acids are themselves combined in the form of esters, with alcohols with a more or less long carbon chain, linear or branched. These esters and their fatty acids are the basis of the emollience effect. It is generally considered that there are in this category of emollient two families of esters: those having a completely natural origin, and those having a synthetic origin, the synthesis involving the esterification of fatty acid by alcohol. . Synthetic esters are generally made from saturated fatty acids, which gives them great stability against oxidation, but removes them from any possibility of playing a role by integration in biosynthetic processes.
• the liquid consistency of the oils is a first advantage which goes in the direction of obtaining an emollient effect. It is necessary to add to the effect of the liquid consistency that of essential fatty acids like linoleic acid always present in vegetable oils at variable contents which are function of the botanical origin of the oleaginous species from which they come. As we have previously reported, the transformation of this linoleic acid into other unsaturated fatty acids via a biosynthetic process, results in an effect important moisturizer helping to keep the epidermis in a good state of emollience.
• the problem is therefore to provide a process for manufacturing emollients whose molecular weight of the main components is less than about 600, preferably less than about 500, more preferably less than about 450 Dalton, which makes it possible to obtain a preparation.
• emollient to feel non-greasy from vegetable oils and fatty substances in general the second objective consists in transforming vegetable oils or fatty substances in general and in purifying the transformation product in conditions such that all the integrity of their fatty acids and of their unsaponifiable matter is respected, so as to exploit all the properties of fatty substances without having the disadvantage of their fatty feel.
• the method of the invention comprises the following stages: a) the interesterification of the triglycerides of a fatty material, preferably of vegetable origin, with a primary alcohol, preferably of vegetable origin, in the presence of a catalyst; b) removing the catalyst; c) distilling off the residual alcohol, preferably in the presence of a bleaching agent, then removing the bleaching agent; d1) or the fngisation of the residue, preferably discolored so as to at least partially crystallize the residual glycerides; then elimination in particular by filtration of said residual crystallized glycerides; d2) or the hydrogenation of the preferably discolored residue.
• step d1) said residual glycerides are mono-, di- or triglycerides resulting from incomplete interesterification by said primary alcohol in step a). Their elimination makes it possible to obtain products which are completely liquid at the temperature of fngelization in particular at room temperature, preferably at a temperature of at least 15 ° C.
• step d2) the hydrogenation of the residue leads to products with a higher melting point which are solid at room temperature, and generally with a melting temperature of between 25 and 80 ° C. depending on the molecular weight of the products.
• fatty matter means a refined or crude vegetable oil or fat, optionally hydrogenated; a refined or crude marine oil, possibly hydrogenated; or a refined or raw animal fatty substance, optionally hydrogenated; or a refined or raw anhydrous milk fat, possibly hydrogenated.
• the alcohol used in the interesterification step can in particular be chosen from C- ⁇ -C-22 alkanols, C3-C22 alkenols or branched C 3 -C 22 alcohols.
• These branched alcohols are alcohols capable of carrying C 1 -C 8 alkyl substituents.
• those of C 4 -C 18 are preferably chosen, in particular those of C 6 -C 18 ; among the branched alcohols in C3-C22, preferably those chosen in C ⁇ -C22-
• the fatty acid esters obtained from the primary alcohols in C 1 -C-22, preferably in Ce to C- ⁇ 8 is called according to the present invention waxes-esters.
• wax-esters generally denotes esters of fatty acids and fatty alcohols that are solid at room temperature; by extension, this term is attributed to any fatty acid ester and solid or liquid fatty alcohol at room temperature obtained according to the present invention.
• this term is attributed to any fatty acid ester and solid or liquid fatty alcohol at room temperature obtained according to the present invention.
• the length of the saturated alcohol involved it is thus possible to obtain, from vegetable oils, wax-esters liquid at 20 ° C.
• step a from about 30% by weight to about 150% by weight of alcohol relative to the weight of the fat is used.
• the residual alcohol content is generally between approximately 20% by weight and approximately 35% by weight relative to the weight of the starting alcohol.
• the catalyst used to carry out the interesterification reaction is preferably an alkaline base, an alkali metal alcoholate, an alkali metal or a strong acid.
• the catalyst is chosen from sodium hydroxide, sodium methylate, sodium metal or toluene-4 sulfonic acid.
• the interesterification reaction is generally carried out with stirring for approximately 0.5 hour to approximately 10 hours, under an inert atmosphere, for example under a nitrogen atmosphere, and at a temperature at least equal to approximately 100 ° C. and at most equal to approximately 200 ° C.
• the removal of the catalyst in step b), when the latter is of the alkaline type, is carried out with an excess of about 500% relative to the stoichiometric amount of a strong acid such as sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid in aqueous solution at least N and at most 5N, necessary for the neutralization of the alkaline catalyst by stirring at room temperature for at least about half an hour and at most about one hour.
• the catalyst neutralization operation is then followed by washes with water, with for each of said washes carried out with stirring at a temperature between approximately 80 ° C. and approximately 100 ° C., an amount of water at least equal to approximately 10% by weight and at most about 20% by weight relative to the weight of the product to be washed.
• the distillation of the residual alcohol in the product neutralized in step c) is carried out under an absolute pressure of the order of 10 to 100 Pascal, at a temperature at least equal to approximately 65 ° C. and at most equal to approximately 230 ° C, for a period generally at most equal to approximately 4 hours and preferably equal to approximately 2 hours.
• said distillation operation is carried out in the presence of an amount of bleaching agent such as in particular activated carbon, at least equal to approximately 0.1% by weight and at most equal to approximately 1% by weight of the weight of product to be distilled. After complete cooling, the bleaching agent is generally separated from the distillation residue by simple filtration.
• step d1 The refrigeration operation is carried out in step d1) by stirring the discolored distillate, at a temperature between approximately 10 ° C and approximately 14 ° C, for a period generally at least equal to approximately 1 hour and at most equal to about 4 hours, after which the frozen product is filtered.
• the refrigeration temperature could be reduced, but this would involve a risk that part of the waxes-esters according to the invention crystallize and then be eliminated with the residual crystallized glycerides.
• the product (residue) recovered after distillation of the residual alcohol is hydrogenated in a reactor under a hydrogen pressure of approximately 1 to approximately 20 bar, in the presence of a catalyst such than a catalyst based on nickel or on palladium, at a temperature at least equal to approximately 100 ° C. and at most at approximately 220 ° C., for a duration generally at least equal to approximately 2 hours and at most equal to approximately 8 hours.
• a catalyst such than a catalyst based on nickel or on palladium
• the product obtained in step d1) or d2) has a content of wax-esters (expressed as a percentage relative to the weight of the product obtained) of between approximately 55% by weight and approximately 95% by weight, preferably, between about 66% by weight and about 90% by weight, and in particular still between about 70% by weight and about 80% by weight.
• the invention relates to a non-greasy emollient based on wax-esters capable of being obtained by the process described above.
• This emollient has the following characteristics: - liquid, solid, or grease-like at 20 ° C,
• the non-greasy emollient according to the invention consists of a mixture of:
• Example 3 670 g of refined olive oil are poured into a flask with a tube.
• Example 7 541 g of refined shea butter melted are poured into a flask with a tube. Then poured 459 g of hexyl-decanol and 1 g of sodium methylate. After creating an absolute vacuum of 5000 Pa, the temperature is raised to 170 ° C. Upon arrival at this temperature, the balloon atmosphere is slightly pressurized with nitrogen. After 7 hours the reaction is stopped.
• Example 8
• Example 12 The product obtained in Example 3 is subjected to the following treatment.
• the mixture is distilled under vacuum (70 Pa) and under nitrogen sparging, gradually heating the flask so that the temperature reached by the fluid at the end of distillation does not exceed 180 ° C.
• the vacuum during distillation is around 60 pa.
• the distillation is stopped after 2 hours.
• 900 g of product are recovered from the distillation flask, which are filtered on paper to separate the activated carbon.
• 880 g of a product are obtained yellow liquid which reveals a slight precipitate.
• 875 g of this product are introduced into a cylindrical reactor equipped with a double outer jacket allowing the passage of a cooling fluid.
• the liquid is gradually cooled to a temperature of 14.5 ° C, by passing the cooling fluid itself brought to 14 ° C in the jacket of said refrigeration reactor, with stirring for 4 hours, then it is filtered. 850 g of a yellow liquid are obtained, which has no marked odor, and which is perfectly clear at 15 ° C.
• the product obtained after refrigeration and filtration comprises (per 100 grams of product obtained):
• Example 12 The product obtained in Example 12 before freezing is hydrogenated in a stirred reactor, with 1% of nickel-based catalyst deposited on silica (25% nickel in the catalyst), under a pressure of 10 bar of hydrogen, at 200 ° C, for 6 hours. After filtration of the catalyst, a white-beige product is obtained, having a melting point of 40 ° C. and an iodine index of less than 1.
• the product obtained after hydrogenation and filtration comprises (per 100 grams of product obtained):
• Example 14 The product obtained in Example 1 1 undergoes the same treatment for removing the catalyst by washing with 2N sulfuric acid as the product in Example 12. After elimination of the washing water, the product obtained is added 0, 25% by weight of coal.
• the product is then subjected to distillation at 230 ° C under a vacuum of 50 Pa for 2 hours. After cooling to 60 ° C, the product is filtered at this temperature on paper to remove the bleaching agent. The filtrate obtained is then hydrogenated under the same conditions as in Example 13. After filtration of the catalyst, a product is obtained having a melting point of 57 ° C. and an iodine index of less than 1.
• the product obtained after hydrogenation and filtration comprises (per 100 grams of product obtained):
• Example 15 750 g of olive oil are poured into a tube flask, and then 242 g of hexanol into which 0.5 g of sodium has been dissolved is poured.
• the product obtained after hydrogenation and filtration comprises (per 100 grams of product obtained):
• the flask is then cooled to room temperature.
• the product obtained undergoes the same catalyst removal treatment by washing with 2N sulfuric acid as the product of Example 12. After elimination of the washing water, 0.25% by weight of carbon is added to the product obtained.
• the product is then subjected to distillation at 200 ° C under a vacuum of 60 Pa for 2 hours. After cooling the product is filtered on paper. The filtrate obtained is then hydrogenated under the same conditions as in Example 13. After filtration of the catalyst, a product is obtained having a melting point of 48 ° C. and an iodine index of less than 1.
• the product obtained after hydrogenation and filtration comprises (per 100 grams of product obtained):

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• 2000
  • 2000-07-04 US US10/048,977 patent/US6596886B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-07-04 CN CN00812444A patent/CN1372538A/zh active Pending
  • 2000-07-04 JP JP2002507756A patent/JP2004502661A/ja active Pending
  • 2000-07-04 WO PCT/FR2000/001901 patent/WO2002002498A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-07-04 AU AU2000261655A patent/AU2000261655A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-07-04 EP EP00948078A patent/EP1296924A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

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