EP1288600B1 - Apparatus for drying bulk material in counter flow with a gaseous fluid - Google Patents

Apparatus for drying bulk material in counter flow with a gaseous fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1288600B1
EP1288600B1 EP02018853A EP02018853A EP1288600B1 EP 1288600 B1 EP1288600 B1 EP 1288600B1 EP 02018853 A EP02018853 A EP 02018853A EP 02018853 A EP02018853 A EP 02018853A EP 1288600 B1 EP1288600 B1 EP 1288600B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
drying
guide chute
gas
several
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EP02018853A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1288600A3 (en
EP1288600A2 (en
Inventor
Rainer Ing. Farrag
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FARRAG, RAINER
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Fasti Farrag and Stipsits GmbH
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Priority to AT02018853T priority Critical patent/ATE421668T1/en
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Publication of EP1288600A3 publication Critical patent/EP1288600A3/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/14Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas
    • F26B17/1408Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the gas being supplied and optionally extracted through ducts extending into the moving stack of material
    • F26B17/1425Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the gas being supplied and optionally extracted through ducts extending into the moving stack of material the ducts being perforated and arranged vertically
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B13/00Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
    • B29B13/06Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying
    • B29B13/065Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying of powder or pellets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/14Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas
    • F26B17/1433Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, having internal members or bodies for guiding, mixing or agitating the material, e.g. imposing a zig-zag movement onto the material
    • F26B17/1441Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, having internal members or bodies for guiding, mixing or agitating the material, e.g. imposing a zig-zag movement onto the material the members or bodies being stationary, e.g. fixed panels, baffles, grids, the position of which may be adjustable
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00Making granules
    • B29B9/16Auxiliary treatment of granules

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for drying a free-flowing substance in countercurrent according to the preambles of claims 1 and 9.
  • various dryers which consist of a funnel-shaped container and a gas supply means for supplying the dry medium known.
  • the material to be dried is introduced into the dryer at an opening at the top of the drying container, and a dry air stream is fed through a gas supply device in the bottom region of the dryer, which subsequently rises and dehumidifies the substance to be dried.
  • the drying medium escapes from the dryer and under certain circumstances can be returned to the process after it has been dried again.
  • the drying of the substances can be carried out continuously or at least quasi-continuously, that is, that dried material can be removed through a spout at the lower end of the drying container to the dryer, while at the upper end of an inlet further amounts of the substance can be supplied.
  • Such dryers are preferably used, for example, for drying hygroscopic plastics in the operation of plastic extruder systems.
  • the plastic in the form of granules can be fed to the extruder inlet after drying from the outlet of the dryer through a hose-like line or even through a relatively complicated dry air conveyor system.
  • drying devices have been developed which can be mounted directly on the extruder feed of the processing machine.
  • a drying apparatus in which hot air is introduced into a drying chamber via a cylindrical element arranged in the drying device and holes arranged therein.
  • the US 3,875,683 also describes a drying device, wherein diffuser nozzles are provided here for more uniform distribution of the air within the container volume.
  • CH 354026 discloses a process for heat treatment, in particular for drying finely particulate solid by means of a gas in a pipe, in which the gas is led up through the pipe in a small pitch helical path.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device or a method for improved drying of free-flowing materials. It is further an object of the invention to provide an apparatus and a method for drying of free-flowing materials, with or a high material throughput can be achieved.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a method according to the features of claim 1. It is advantageous that a more uniform temperature distribution can be achieved by forming a gas supply means having an outlet opening in the lower end region and at least one further outlet opening in the upper region of the container in the container. Compared to drying devices of the prior art, the container volume is thus better utilized, whereby the inventive devices for drying at the same dry performance can be formed with significantly smaller volume.
  • the formation of a single gas supply means of the form described means in particular the possibility of a constructive simplification, the Aus GmbH can be found to build the drying device with a few structural components. In the production of such drying devices thus a significant cost advantage can be achieved.
  • a development of the device according to claim 2 offers the advantage that a more uniform distribution of the supplied gas is achieved in the substance located in the container.
  • the arrangement of the gas supply means inside the container further provides the advantage that heat losses of the gas supply means can be kept very low.
  • the device according to the invention offers the advantage that a stagnant effect on the gas flowing counter to the direction of the material flow is achieved by the guide chute. As a result, an even better distribution of the gas is achieved in the region between the outflow opening in the lower end region of the container and the further outflow opening in the upper part of the container or below the Leitschurre, resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution as a consequence.
  • the inventive device has the advantage that at the Leitschurre additional mixing of the substance, and thus a homogenization of the material flow is achieved.
  • Another advantage is the design of the device according to claim 7, as can be produced by attaching the Leitschurre to the gas supply easily replaceable, consisting of a gas supply device and a Leitschurre assemblies that allows easy retooling or cleaning of the device for different substances.
  • the embodiment of the device according to claim 8 offers the advantage that the gas supply device experiences further support due to the additional attachment of the guide chute to the container and thus results in a more stable attachment of the gas supply device in the container.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a process for the counter-current drying of a free-flowing substance, according to the features of claim 9.
  • Another advantage is the formation of the method according to claim 10, since the distribution of the gas in the stream can be done better by the supply of the gas in the interior of the material flow.
  • the inventive method has the advantage that in addition to the additional mixing of the substance in the flow through the emanating from the Leitschurre stagnant effect on the gas used for drying the heat exchange, can be made more efficient with the substance.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a device consisting of a container 1 and a gas supply means 2.
  • the container 1 is shown cut, so that the interior of the device is visible.
  • the container 1 consists of an upper part 3 with a square cross-section and a lower part 4 which is formed as a pyramid-shaped funnel. At its lower end region of the funnel-shaped lower part 4 has an outlet 5 which is provided for the removal of the dried substance. At the upper end region of the container 1 or at the upper end region of the upper part 3 there is an inlet 6, through which the container 1 can be filled with the free-flowing material for drying and an outlet opening 7 for the gas used for drying.
  • the container 1 has a volume of 35 liters and is thus suitable for direct attachment to an extruder feeder of a conventional plastics processing machine.
  • the volume of the container 1 may be in a range of 8 to 150 liters.
  • the resulting from the corresponding weight of the mounted on the extruder feeder device mechanical load is for conventional plastic processing machines in a still tolerable range.
  • the gas supply device 2 consists of a tube-shaped line 8, which extends in the direction of a longitudinal central axis 9 of the container 1. With a line 10 of the gas supply means 2, this is attached to the container 1. Through the line 10 and the line 8, the gaseous fluid provided for drying passes to a first outlet opening 14 of the gas supply device 2, through which it can flow into the lower end region of the lower part 4.
  • the gas supply device 2 is arranged in the container 1 so that the outlet opening 14 is located in a lower end region of the container 1.
  • the gas supply device 2 has a further outlet opening 15, which is arranged so that it lies between the first outlet opening 14 and an upper end region of the container 1 or the upper end region of the upper part 3.
  • outlet opening 15 By an addition to the gas supply means 2 outlet opening 15 is achieved that the flowing down granules in the container 1 is already heated in an upper area to the required drying temperature. By supplying the air, through the spaced apart by a distance 16 outlet openings 14 and 15 in the interior of the material flow of the substance thus over this distance 16 is at least approximately maintained at the drying temperature.
  • the outlet openings 14 and 15 in the line 8 can of course also be formed by a plurality, in particular small, outlet openings.
  • the outlet openings 14 and 15 are formed with a cross-section which is smaller than the grain size of the substance to be dried in order to prevent the penetration of particulate matter into the gas supply means 2.
  • the ratio of the amounts of air flowing out at the outlet openings 14 and 15 can also be influenced.
  • a guide chute 17 is arranged on the gas supply device 2.
  • the guide chute 17 is pyramid-shaped and causes the downwardly flowing granules of the material to be dried to be removed from the central region, i. from which the longitudinal central axis 9 immediately surrounding area is displaced towards the outside. This ensures that the distribution of the flow velocity of the granules over the cross section of the container 1 is more uniform.
  • Another advantage of the Leitschurre 17 is that this creates a backflow effect on the upwardly flowing air.
  • the Leitschurre 17, which is an obstacle in the flow of granules also causes an additional mixing of the granules.
  • the Leitschurre 17 may also be formed with a different shape.
  • the Leitschurre 17 is tapered, the tip points in the direction of the upper end portion of the container 1.
  • a cross-sectional area of the container 1 is reduced perpendicular to its longitudinal central axis 9 to a remaining flow opening.
  • the remaining flow opening corresponds to the projection in plan view in the direction of the longitudinal center axis 9 of the container 1.
  • This remaining flow opening is compared to the cross-sectional area of the container 1 by a proportion of about 50%, reduced. Depending on the type of granules, this reduction is in a range of 20 to 70%.
  • the Fig. 2 and 3 show an embodiment of a device with a rotationally symmetric formed container 1.
  • the upper part 3 of the container is cylindrical and the lower part 4 cone-shaped, that is designed as a conical funnel.
  • the gas supply device 2 is formed by the tube-shaped line 8, which expands in the direction of the longitudinal central axis 9.
  • the line extends from the upper end of the container 1 to the lower end of the lower part 4, where the gas supply means 2 has the outlet opening 14.
  • the gas supply device 2 has a further outlet opening 15.
  • the guide chute 17 is arranged on the gas supply device 2.
  • This Leitschurre 17 is formed from four individual segments 18, wherein these individual segments 18, and thus the Leitschurre 17, are formed tapering towards the longitudinal central axis 9 point.
  • the top of the Leitschurre 17 in turn points in the direction of the upper end of the container 1.
  • the individual segments 18 of the guide chute 17 are at their longitudinal central axis 9 opposite end portions on the upper part 3, and thus thus on the container 1, fixed.
  • the individual segments 18 are formed so that they cover the entire cross-sectional area of the container 1 in plan view in the direction of the longitudinal central axis 9.
  • a guide chute 17 is preferably formed so that the remaining flow opening in the direction of the longitudinal central axis 9 of the container 1 with respect to the cross-sectional area of the container 1 perpendicular to its longitudinal central axis 9 by a proportion in a range of 20 to 100%, preferably 20 to 70%, reduced is.
  • the Fig. 3 shows a detail of the gas supply device 2 with the Leitschurre 17 in a perspective view.
  • the individual segments 18 of the guide chute 17 are arranged obliquely relative to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis 9.
  • the tip of the guide chute 17 points towards the upper end region of the container 1 (FIG. Fig. 2 ).
  • a device like that in the Fig. 1 to 3 is suitable for carrying out a method for the countercurrent drying of a flowable material with a gaseous fluid.
  • the substance is conveyed in a container at least partially continuously in a stream and heated by supplying a heated and dried gas to a drying temperature.
  • Gas is supplied to at least two points of the material flow which are distanced from one another by a distance, preferably in the interior of the material flow, and the material is kept at least approximately at the drying temperature in the region over this travel distance 16.
  • the substance is also subjected to a mixing at a fixed Leitschurre 17 at a first end portion of the path 16.
  • the drying temperature for the substances to be dried is advantageously reduced by an amount in a range from 50 ° C to 130 ° C, preferably from 70 ° C to 110 ° C, compared to the melting point of the substance concerned.
  • the drying temperature for the substance to be dried by about 90 ° C is less than the melting point of the substance in question.
  • the gas or gaseous fluid used in the process according to the invention is preferably air, in particular dried compressed air. Of course, it is also possible to use other gases.
  • free-flowing substances e.g. Granules, powders, fibers, pellets or granules of e.g. Plastics such as polycarbonate, polyamides, polyimides, polyethylene terephthalate, styrenes, etc. to dry.
  • Plastics such as polycarbonate, polyamides, polyimides, polyethylene terephthalate, styrenes, etc.
  • Fig. 4 1 shows a device with a gas supply device 2 arranged on the outside of the container 1.
  • the line 8 of the gas supply device 2 consists of a line system with a line 21 enclosing the lower end region of the lower part 4 on one circumference and one of them distancing the distance 16 and the upper part 3 To a circumference enclosing line 22 and a line connecting these two lines 23.
  • the supply of the line 8 with the gas required for drying takes place through the line 10th
  • the line 21 and the lower part 4 has a plurality of common outlet openings 14 and the line 22 and the upper part 3 over several common outlet openings 15. Between the outlet openings 15 and the upper end portion of the container 1 and the upper end portion of the upper part 3 is a Leitschurre 17, as already in the Fig. 2 and 3 described, arranged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The device for drying pourable material, such as granulates, powders, fibers, pellets and granules, involves various driers in counterflow with material being fed from a funnel-shaped container with a gas feed device for drying medium with a first outlet aperture in the lower end area of container. The gas feed device (2) has at least one further outlet aperture (15) between the first such aperture (14) and an upper end area of the container (1). The outlet apertures of the gas feed device are arranged on at least one tubular conduit (8), which extends in the direction of a longitudinal central axis (9) of the container. Above the further outlet aperture or both outlet apertures is a guide chute (17), which is pyramidal or conical in shape. The drying gas used is particularly compressed air.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Trocknung eines rieselfähigen Stoffes im Gegenstrom gemäß den Oberbegriffen der Ansprüche 1 und 9.The invention relates to a device and a method for drying a free-flowing substance in countercurrent according to the preambles of claims 1 and 9.

Für die Trocknung von rieselfähigen Stoffen, wie z.B. Granulaten, Pulver, Fasern, Pellets und Körnern, im Gegenstromverfahren sind verschiedene Trockner, die aus einem trichterförmigen Behälter und einer Gaszufuhreinrichtung zur Zuführung des Trockenmediums bestehen, bekannt. Der zu trocknende Stoff wird dabei an einer Öffnung an der Oberseite des Trocknungsbehälters in den Trockner eingefüllt und im Bodenbereich des Trockners durch eine Gaszufuhreinrichtung ein Trockenluftstrom zugeleitet, der nachfolgend nach oben steigt und so den zu trocknenden Stoff entfeuchtet. Durch eine Auslaßöffnung an der Oberseite des Trockners entweicht schließlich das Trockenmedium aus dem Trockner und kann unter Umständen nach erneuter Trocknung wieder dem Prozeß zugeführt werden. Die Trocknung der Stoffe kann dabei kontinuierlich oder zumindest quasi kontinuierlich erfolgen, d.h., daß getrocknetes Material durch einen Auslauf am unteren Endbereich des Trocknungsbehälters dem Trockner entnommen werden kann, während am oberen Endbereich durch einen Einlaß weitere Mengen des Stoffes zugeführt werden können.For the drying of free-flowing substances, such as Granules, powders, fibers, pellets and grains, in countercurrent process, various dryers, which consist of a funnel-shaped container and a gas supply means for supplying the dry medium known. The material to be dried is introduced into the dryer at an opening at the top of the drying container, and a dry air stream is fed through a gas supply device in the bottom region of the dryer, which subsequently rises and dehumidifies the substance to be dried. Finally, through an outlet opening at the top of the dryer, the drying medium escapes from the dryer and under certain circumstances can be returned to the process after it has been dried again. The drying of the substances can be carried out continuously or at least quasi-continuously, that is, that dried material can be removed through a spout at the lower end of the drying container to the dryer, while at the upper end of an inlet further amounts of the substance can be supplied.

Derartige Trockner werden z.B. bevorzugt zur Trocknung hygroskopischer Kunststoffe beim Betrieb von Kunststoffextruderanlagen verwendet Dabei kann der Kunststoff in Form eines Granulats nach der Trocknung vom Auslauf des Trockners durch eine schlauchartige Leitung oder aber auch durch ein relativ aufwendiges Trockenluftfördersystem dem Extrudereinzug zugeführt werden. Bei besonders hygroskopischen Kunststoffen besteht das Problem, daß es auf dem Weg zwischen dem Auslauf des Trockners und dem Extrudereinzug zu einer Wiederbefeuchtung des getrockneten Granulats kommen kann. Um dies zu vermeiden, sind Trocknungsvorrichtungen entwickelt worden, die direkt am Extrudereinzug der Verarbeitungsmaschine montiert werden können. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß die Verbindung zwischen dem Auslauf des Trockners und dem Extrudereinzug auf ein Minimum beschränkt wird und demzufolge die Gefahr einer Wiederbefeuchtung vermindert wird. Durch die Befestigung der Trocknungsvorrichtung direkt am Extrudereinzug ist eine zusätzliche mechanische Belastung der entsprechenden Bauteile der Verarbeitungsmaschine gegeben, die nur durch entsprechend klein dimensionierte Trockenvorrichtungen bzw. Trocknungsbehälter in einem noch maximal tolerierbaren Maß gehalten werden kann.Such dryers are preferably used, for example, for drying hygroscopic plastics in the operation of plastic extruder systems. The plastic in the form of granules can be fed to the extruder inlet after drying from the outlet of the dryer through a hose-like line or even through a relatively complicated dry air conveyor system. In the case of particularly hygroscopic plastics, there is the problem that remoistening of the dried granules can occur on the path between the outlet of the dryer and the extruder inlet. To avoid this, drying devices have been developed which can be mounted directly on the extruder feed of the processing machine. This ensures that the connection between the outlet of the dryer and the extruder feed is kept to a minimum and consequently the risk of rewetting is reduced. By attaching the drying device directly to the extruder feeder an additional mechanical load of the corresponding components of the processing machine is given, which can be kept only by appropriately small-sized drying devices or drying containers in a still maximum tolerable level.

In zahlreichen Anwendungsfällen der Herstellung von Kunststoffteilen sind außerdem die Zykluszeiten sehr stark gesunken. Kleine Zykluszeiten sind aber gleichbedeutend mit einem hohen Stoffdurchsatz, womit diese Forderung zur oben genannten Forderung, die Trockenvorrichtungen möglichst klein zu dimensionieren, diametral ist. Um beiden Bedingungen genügen zu können, sollte somit der Bereich innerhalb des Trocknerbehältervolumens, in dem das Kunststoffgranulat auf der erforderlichen Trocknungstemperatur gehalten wird, möglichst weit ausgedehnt werden, um das Kunststoffgranulat während seines Durchflusses durch den Trocknungsbehälter möglichst lange auf dieser Trocknungstemperatur halten zu können.In many applications, the production of plastic parts, the cycle times have also fallen sharply. However, small cycle times are synonymous with a high material throughput, which is diametrically this requirement for the above requirement, the drying devices as small as possible to dimension. In order to be able to meet both conditions, the area within the dryer container volume in which the plastic granules are kept at the required drying temperature should thus be extended as far as possible in order to be able to keep the plastic granulate at this drying temperature for as long as possible during its passage through the drying container.

Aus der US 2,548,262 ist ein Trocknungsgerät bekannt, bei dem heiße Luft über ein in dem Trocknungsgerät angeordnetes zylindrisches Element und darin angeordnete Löcher in eine Trocknungskammer eingeleitet wird.From the US 2,548,262 For example, a drying apparatus is known in which hot air is introduced into a drying chamber via a cylindrical element arranged in the drying device and holes arranged therein.

Die US 3,875,683 beschreibt ebenfalls eine Trocknungsvorrichtung, wobei hier zur gleichmäßigeren Verteilung der Luft innerhalb des Behältervolumens Diffusordüsen vorgesehen sind.The US 3,875,683 also describes a drying device, wherein diffuser nozzles are provided here for more uniform distribution of the air within the container volume.

In der CH 354026 ist ein Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung, insbesondere zur Trocknung von feinteiligem Feststoff mit Hilfe eines Gases in einem Rohr offenbart, bei dem das Gas in einer wendelförmigen Bahn kleiner Steigung durch das Rohr hinaufgeführt wird.In the CH 354026 discloses a process for heat treatment, in particular for drying finely particulate solid by means of a gas in a pipe, in which the gas is led up through the pipe in a small pitch helical path.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Vorrichtung bzw. ein Verfahren zur verbesserten Trocknung von rieselfähigen Stoffen zu schaffen. Es ist weiters eine Aufgabe der Erfindung eine Vorrichtung bzw. ein Verfahren zur Trocknung von rieselfähigen Stoffen zu schaffen, mit der bzw. dem ein hoher Stoffdurchsatz erreicht werden kann.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device or a method for improved drying of free-flowing materials. It is further an object of the invention to provide an apparatus and a method for drying of free-flowing materials, with or a high material throughput can be achieved.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird durch ein Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhaft ist dabei, daß durch die Ausbildung einer Gaszufuhreinrichtung mit einer Austrittsöffnung im unteren Endbereich und zumindest einer weiteren Austrittsöffnung im oberen Bereich des Behälters in dem Behälter eine gleichmäßigere Temperaturverteilung erreicht werden kann. Gegenüber Trocknungsvorrichtungen des Standes der Technik wird somit das Behältervolumen besser ausgenützt, wodurch die erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen zur Trocknung bei gleicher Trockenleistung mit deutlich kleinerem Volumen ausgebildet werden können. Die Ausbildung einer einzigen Gaszufuhreinrichtung der beschriebenen Form bedeutet insbesondere die Möglichkeit einer konstruktiven Vereinfachung, wobei zum Aufbau der Trockenvorrichtung mit wenigen baulichen Komponenten das Auslangen gefunden werden kann. Bei der Herstellung solcher Trocknungsvorrichtungen kann somit ein deutlicher Kostenvorteil erzielt werden.The object of the invention is achieved by a method according to the features of claim 1. It is advantageous that a more uniform temperature distribution can be achieved by forming a gas supply means having an outlet opening in the lower end region and at least one further outlet opening in the upper region of the container in the container. Compared to drying devices of the prior art, the container volume is thus better utilized, whereby the inventive devices for drying at the same dry performance can be formed with significantly smaller volume. The formation of a single gas supply means of the form described means in particular the possibility of a constructive simplification, the Auslangen can be found to build the drying device with a few structural components. In the production of such drying devices thus a significant cost advantage can be achieved.

Eine Weiterbildung der Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 2 bietet den Vorteil, daß eine gleichmäßigere Verteilung des zugeführten Gases in dem sich im Behälter befindlichen Stoff erreicht wird. Durch die Anordnung der Gaszufuhreinrichtung im Inneren des Behälters wird weiters der Vorteil erzielt, daß Wärmeverluste der Gaszufuhreinrichtung sehr gering gehalten werden können.A development of the device according to claim 2 offers the advantage that a more uniform distribution of the supplied gas is achieved in the substance located in the container. The arrangement of the gas supply means inside the container further provides the advantage that heat losses of the gas supply means can be kept very low.

Vorteilhaft ist auch eine Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 3, da dadurch ein möglicherweise den Stoffstrom störender Einfluß der Gaszufuhreinrichtung gering gehalten wird. Durch die Ge-staltung der-Gaszufuhreinrichtung aus rohrförmigen Leitungen wird außerdem der Vorteil erzielt, daß die Gaszufuhreinrichtung kostengünstig hergestellt werden kann.Also advantageous is a development according to claim 3, as this is a possibly the flow disturbing influence of the gas supply means is kept low. By the design The gas supply means of tubular conduits also achieves the advantage that the gas supply means can be produced inexpensively.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, insbesondere in Verbindung mit der Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 4, bietet den Vorteil, daß durch die Leitschurre eine stauende Wirkung auf das entgegen der Richtung des Stoffstroms strömende Gas erzielt wird. Dadurch wird eine noch bessere Verteilung des Gases im Bereich zwischen der Ausströmöffnung im unteren Endbereich des Behälters und der weiteren Ausströmöffnung im Oberteil des Behälters bzw. unterhalb der Leitschurre erreicht, woraus sich als Konsequenz eine gleichmäßigere Temperaturverteilung ergibt.The device according to the invention, in particular in conjunction with the embodiment according to claim 4, offers the advantage that a stagnant effect on the gas flowing counter to the direction of the material flow is achieved by the guide chute. As a result, an even better distribution of the gas is achieved in the region between the outflow opening in the lower end region of the container and the further outflow opening in the upper part of the container or below the Leitschurre, resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution as a consequence.

Vorteilhaft sind auch die Weiterbildungen der Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 5 und 6 da durch die spitz zulaufend ausgebildete Leitschurre der Stoffstrom in dem Behälter nach außen abgelenkt wird und so die Verteilung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit über den Querschnitt des Stoffstroms im Bereich unterhalb der Leitschurre gleichmäßiger wird. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß Stoffe aus unterschiedlichen Bereichen des Querschnitts des Stoffstroms sich annähernd gleich lange in jenem Volumenbereich des Behälters aufhalten, in dem die Trocknungstemperatur erreicht wird. Als Folge dessen wird eine gleichmäßigere Trocknung des Stoffes erreicht.Also advantageous are the developments of the device according to claims 5 and 6 as is deflected by the tapered trained Leitschurre the flow in the container to the outside and so the distribution of the flow velocity over the cross section of the material flow in the area below the Leitschurre is more uniform. This has the advantage that substances from different areas of the cross-section of the material flow are approximately the same length in that volume range of the container in which the drying temperature is reached. As a result, a more uniform drying of the substance is achieved.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung wird der Vorteil erzielt, daß an der Leitschurre eine zusätzliche Durchmischung des Stoffs, und somit eine Homogenisierung des Stoffstroms, erreicht wird.The inventive device has the advantage that at the Leitschurre additional mixing of the substance, and thus a homogenization of the material flow is achieved.

Von Vorteil ist auch die Ausbildung der Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, da durch die Befestigung der Leitschurre an der Gaszufuhreinrichtung leicht auswechselbare, aus einer Gaszufuhreinrichtung und einer Leitschurre bestehende Baugruppen hergestellt werden können, die ein leichtes Umrüsten bzw. Reinigen der Vorrichtung für verschiedene Stoffe ermöglicht.Another advantage is the design of the device according to claim 7, as can be produced by attaching the Leitschurre to the gas supply easily replaceable, consisting of a gas supply device and a Leitschurre assemblies that allows easy retooling or cleaning of the device for different substances.

Die Ausbildung der Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8 bietet den Vorteil, daß durch die zusätzliche Befestigung der Leitschurre am Behälter die Gaszufuhreinrichtung eine weitere Abstützung erfährt und sich somit eine stabilere Befestigung der Gaszufuhreinrichtung in dem Behälter ergibt.The embodiment of the device according to claim 8 offers the advantage that the gas supply device experiences further support due to the additional attachment of the guide chute to the container and thus results in a more stable attachment of the gas supply device in the container.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird eigenständig auch durch ein Verfahren zur Gegenstromtrocknung eines rieselförmigen Stoffes, gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruches 9, gelöst.The object of the invention is also achieved by a process for the counter-current drying of a free-flowing substance, according to the features of claim 9.

Vorteilhaft ist dabei, daß durch die Zuführung des zur Trocknung verwendeten Gases an zumindest zwei voneinander distanzierten Stellen die Verweildauer des Stoffes in jenen Bereich des Stoffstroms in dem die Trockentemperatur vorherrschend ist, verlängert wird. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß somit die Geschwindigkeit des Stoffstroms entsprechend erhöht werden kann.It is advantageous that is extended by the supply of the gas used for drying in at least two spaced apart locations, the residence time of the substance in that region of the material stream in which the drying temperature is predominant. This has the advantage that thus the speed of the material flow can be increased accordingly.

Vorteilhaft ist weiters auch die Ausbildung des Verfahrens gemäß Anspruch 10, da durch die Zuführung des Gases im Inneren des Stoffstroms die Verteilung des Gases im Stoffstrom besser erfolgen kann.Another advantage is the formation of the method according to claim 10, since the distribution of the gas in the stream can be done better by the supply of the gas in the interior of the material flow.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bietet den Vorteil, daß neben der zusätzlichen Durchmischung des Stoffes in dem Stoffstrom durch die von der Leitschurre ausgehende stauende Wirkung auf das zur Trocknung verwendete Gas der Wärmeaustausch, mit dem Stoff effizienter erfolgen kann.The inventive method has the advantage that in addition to the additional mixing of the substance in the flow through the emanating from the Leitschurre stagnant effect on the gas used for drying the heat exchange, can be made more efficient with the substance.

Die Weiterbildung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 11 bietet den Vorteil, daß damit eine gute Trockenwirkung erzielt werden kann, wobei gleichzeitig vermieden wird, daß durch Temperaturspitzen an den Oberflächen der Stoffteilchen diese an der Oberfläche anschmelzen und es so zu einer Verklumpung des Stoffes kommen kann.The development of the method according to claim 11 offers the advantage that a good drying effect can be achieved thereby, while at the same time avoiding that by temperature peaks on the surfaces of the material particles melt on the surface and it can lead to a clumping of the substance.

Die Weiterbildung des Verfahrens gemäß Anspruch 12 bietet den Vorteil, daß unter Verwendung von Luft als gasförmigen Fluid zur Trocknung die Ausführung des Verfahrens sehr kostengünstig erfolgen kann, da die Herstellung von Druckluft und deren Trocknung technisch mit relativ geringem Aufwand möglich ist.The development of the method according to claim 12 offers the advantage that the use of air as a gaseous fluid for drying the execution of the method can be done very inexpensively, since the production of compressed air and its drying is technically possible with relatively little effort.

Zum besseren Verständnis der Erfindung wird diese anhand der nachfolgenden Figuren näher erläutert.For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

Es zeigen in vereinfachter Darstellung:

Fig. 1
eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Vorrichtung, wobei der Behälter geschnitten dargestellt ist;
Fig. 2
ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Vorrichtung mit einem rotationssymmetrischen Behälter;
Fig. 3
ein Detail der Gaszufuhreinrichtung mit einer Leitschurre in perspektivischer Darstellung;
Fig. 4
eine Vorrichtung mit einer außen am Behälter angeordneten Gaszufuhreinrichtung.
In a simplified representation:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a device, wherein the container is shown in section;
Fig. 2
an embodiment of a device with a rotationally symmetrical container;
Fig. 3
a detail of the gas supply device with a Leitschurre in perspective view;
Fig. 4
a device with an outside of the container arranged gas supply means.

Einführend sei festgehalten, daß in den unterschiedlich beschriebenen Ausführungsformen gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen bzw. gleichen Bauteilbezeichnungen versehen werden, wobei die in der gesamten Beschreibung enthaltenen Offenbarungen sinngemäß auf gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen bzw. gleichen Bauteilbezeichnungen übertragen werden können. Auch sind die in der Beschreibung gewählten Lageangaben, wie z.B. oben, unten, seitlich usw. auf die unmittelbar beschriebene sowie dargestellte Figur bezogen und sind bei einer Lageänderung sinngemäß auf die neue Lage zu übertragen. Weiters können auch Einzelmerkmale oder Merkmalskombinationen aus den gezeigten und beschriebenen unterschiedlichen Ausführungsbeispielen für sich eigenständige, erfinderische oder erfindungsgemäße Lösungen darstellen.By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals and component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are to be transferred to the new situation mutatis mutandis when a change in position. Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can also represent independent, inventive or inventive solutions.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Vorrichtung bestehend aus einem Behälter 1 und einer Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2. Der Behälter 1 ist dabei geschnitten dargestellt, so daß das Innere der Vorrichtung sichtbar ist.The Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a device consisting of a container 1 and a gas supply means 2. The container 1 is shown cut, so that the interior of the device is visible.

Der Behälter 1 besteht aus einem Oberteil 3 mit quadratischem Querschnitt und einem Unterteil 4 der als pyramidenförmiger Trichter ausgebildet ist. An seinem unteren Endbereich verfügt der trichterförmige Unterteil 4 über einen Auslauf 5 der für die Entnahme des getrockneten Stoffes vorgesehen ist. Am oberen Endbereich des Behälters 1 bzw. am oberen Endbereich des Oberteils 3 befindet sich ein Einlaß 6, durch den der Behälter 1 mit dem zur Trocknung vorgesehenen rieselförmigen Stoff befüllt werden kann und eine Austrittsöffnung 7 für das zur Trocknung verwendete Gas.The container 1 consists of an upper part 3 with a square cross-section and a lower part 4 which is formed as a pyramid-shaped funnel. At its lower end region of the funnel-shaped lower part 4 has an outlet 5 which is provided for the removal of the dried substance. At the upper end region of the container 1 or at the upper end region of the upper part 3 there is an inlet 6, through which the container 1 can be filled with the free-flowing material for drying and an outlet opening 7 for the gas used for drying.

Der Behälter 1 hat ein Volumen von 35 Liter und ist solcherart für die direkte Befestigung an einem Extrudereinzug einer konventionellen Kunststoffverarbeitungsmaschine geeignet. Das Volumen des Behälters 1 kann in einem Bereich von 8 bis 150 Liter liegen. Die aus dem entsprechenden Eigengewicht der auf dem Extrudereinzug montierten Vorrichtung resultierende mechanische Belastung liegt für übliche Kunststoffverarbeitungsmaschinen in einem noch tolerierbaren Bereich.The container 1 has a volume of 35 liters and is thus suitable for direct attachment to an extruder feeder of a conventional plastics processing machine. The volume of the container 1 may be in a range of 8 to 150 liters. The resulting from the corresponding weight of the mounted on the extruder feeder device mechanical load is for conventional plastic processing machines in a still tolerable range.

Die Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 besteht aus einer rohrförmig ausgebildeten Leitung 8, die sich in Richtung einer Längsmittelachse 9 des Behälters 1 erstreckt. Mit einer Leitung 10 der Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 ist diese am Behälter 1 befestigt. Durch die Leitung 10 und die Leitung 8 gelangt das zur Trocknung vorgesehene gasförmige Fluid zu einer ersten Austrittsöffnung 14 der Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2, durch die es in den unteren Endbereich des Unterteils 4 ausströmen kann. Die Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 ist dabei im Behälter 1 so angeordnet, daß sich die Austrittsöffnung 14 in einem unteren Endbereich des Behälters 1 befindet. Die Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 verfügt über eine weitere Austrittsöffnung 15, die so angeordnet ist, daß sie zwischen der ersten Austrittsöffnung 14 und einem oberen Endbereich des Behälters 1 bzw. dem oberen Endbereich des Oberteils 3 liegt.The gas supply device 2 consists of a tube-shaped line 8, which extends in the direction of a longitudinal central axis 9 of the container 1. With a line 10 of the gas supply means 2, this is attached to the container 1. Through the line 10 and the line 8, the gaseous fluid provided for drying passes to a first outlet opening 14 of the gas supply device 2, through which it can flow into the lower end region of the lower part 4. The gas supply device 2 is arranged in the container 1 so that the outlet opening 14 is located in a lower end region of the container 1. The gas supply device 2 has a further outlet opening 15, which is arranged so that it lies between the first outlet opening 14 and an upper end region of the container 1 or the upper end region of the upper part 3.

Zur Trocknung eines im Behälter 1 befindlichen Granulats eines Stoffes wird durch die Austrittsöffnung 14 getrocknete und erwärmte Luft zugeführt. Diese Luft verteilt sich zunächst im Unterteil 4 und strömt durch das Granulat in Richtung auf den Oberteil 3, wobei das Granulat auf Trockentemperatur erwärmt und dabei dessen Feuchtigkeit von der Luft entzogen wird. Von der vorbeiströmenden Luft wird die Feuchtigkeit abtransportiert. Die mit der Feuchtigkeit des Granulats beladene Luft verläßt schließlich durch die Austrittsöffnung 7 den Behälter 1. Indem die Luft von der Austrittsöffnung 14 immer weiter nach oben strömt gibt sie Wärme an das Granulat ab und verringert daher seine Temperatur kontinuierlich. Die optimale Trocknungstemperatur des Granulats wird somit auf einen Bereich in der Umgebung der Austrittsöffnung 14 im Unterteil 4 beschränkt sein. Die Temperatur des Granulats fällt in Richtung auf den oberen Endbereich des Behälters 1 hin allmählich immer weiter ab.For drying a granulate of a substance located in the container 1, dried and heated air is supplied through the outlet opening 14. This air is initially distributed in the lower part 4 and flows through the granules in the direction of the upper part 3, wherein the granules are heated to the drying temperature and thereby the moisture is removed from the air. From the passing air, the moisture is removed. The loaded with the moisture of the granules air finally leaves through the outlet opening 7, the container 1. By the air from the outlet opening 14 continues to flow upwards, it gives off heat to the granules and therefore reduces its temperature continuously. The optimum drying temperature of the granules will thus be limited to an area in the vicinity of the outlet opening 14 in the lower part 4. The temperature of the granules gradually decreases in the direction towards the upper end region of the container 1.

Durch eine an der Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 zusätzlich vorhandene Austrittsöffnung 15 wird erreicht, daß das nach unten strömende Granulat im Behälter 1 bereits in einem weiter oben liegenden Bereich auf die erforderliche Trockentemperatur erwärmt wird. Durch die Zuführung der Luft, durch die um eine Wegstrecke 16 voneinander distanzierten Austrittsöffnungen 14 und 15 im Inneren des Stoffstroms wird somit der Stoff über diese Wegstrecke 16 zumindest annähernd auf der Trockentemperatur gehalten.By an addition to the gas supply means 2 outlet opening 15 is achieved that the flowing down granules in the container 1 is already heated in an upper area to the required drying temperature. By supplying the air, through the spaced apart by a distance 16 outlet openings 14 and 15 in the interior of the material flow of the substance thus over this distance 16 is at least approximately maintained at the drying temperature.

Die Austrittsöffnungen 14 und 15 in der Leitung 8 können selbstverständlich jeweils auch durch mehrere, insbesondere kleine, Austrittsöffnungen ausgebildet sein. Vorteilhafterweise werden die Austrittsöffnungen 14 und 15 mit einem Querschnitt ausgebildet, der kleiner ist als die Korngröße des zu trocknenden Stoffs, um ein Eindringen von Stoffteilchen in die Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 zu verhindern. Durch Ausbildung unterschiedlich großer Gesamtquerschnitte oder eine verschiedene Anzahl der Austrittsöffnungen 14 bzw. 15 kann außerdem das Verhältnis der an den Austrittsöffnungen 14 und 15 ausströmenden Luftmengen beeinflußt werden. Es ist selbstverständlich auch möglich, die an den Austrittsöffnungen 14 und 15 in das Granulat ausströmenden Luftmengen durch an diesen Austrittsöffnungen 14 und 15 angebrachten und von außen steuerbaren Ventilen zu regulieren.The outlet openings 14 and 15 in the line 8 can of course also be formed by a plurality, in particular small, outlet openings. Advantageously, the outlet openings 14 and 15 are formed with a cross-section which is smaller than the grain size of the substance to be dried in order to prevent the penetration of particulate matter into the gas supply means 2. By training different sized overall cross sections or a different number of the outlet openings 14 and 15, the ratio of the amounts of air flowing out at the outlet openings 14 and 15 can also be influenced. Of course, it is also possible to regulate the quantities of air flowing out of the granules at the outlet openings 14 and 15 through valves which are attached to these outlet openings 14 and 15 and can be controlled externally.

In einer alternativen Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung können an der Leitung 8 selbstverständlich auch weitere Austrittsöffnungen zwischen der Austrittsöffnung 14 und der Austrittsöffnung 15 angeordnet werden. Dadurch kann eine noch bessere Verteilung des zur Trocknung vorgesehenen und in den Behälter 1 einströmenden Gases erreicht werden.In an alternative embodiment of a device, it is of course also possible to arrange further outlet openings between the outlet opening 14 and the outlet opening 15 on the line 8. As a result, an even better distribution of the gas provided for drying and flowing into the container 1 can be achieved.

Oberhalb der Austrittsöffnung 15 ist an der Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 eine Leitschurre 17 angeordnet. Die Leitschurre 17 ist pyramidenförmig ausgebildet und bewirkt, daß das nach unten strömende Granulat des zu trocknenden Stoffs aus dem Mittelbereich, d.h. aus dem die Längsmittelachse 9 unmittelbar umgebenden Bereich, nach Außen hin verdrängt wird. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß die Verteilung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Granulats über den Querschnitt des Behälters 1 gleichmäßiger wird. Ein weiterer Vorteil der Leitschurre 17 ist, daß dadurch eine rückstauende Wirkung auf die nach oben strömende Luft erzeugt wird. Damit wird das Aufrechterhalten der Trocknungstemperatur zumindest über den Bereich der Wegstrecke 16 weiter unterstützt. Die Leitschurre 17, die im Stoffstrom des Granulats ein Hindernis darstellt, bewirkt außerdem eine zusätzliche Durchmischung des Granulats.Above the outlet opening 15, a guide chute 17 is arranged on the gas supply device 2. The guide chute 17 is pyramid-shaped and causes the downwardly flowing granules of the material to be dried to be removed from the central region, i. from which the longitudinal central axis 9 immediately surrounding area is displaced towards the outside. This ensures that the distribution of the flow velocity of the granules over the cross section of the container 1 is more uniform. Another advantage of the Leitschurre 17 is that this creates a backflow effect on the upwardly flowing air. Thus, the maintenance of the drying temperature at least over the range of the distance 16 is further supported. The Leitschurre 17, which is an obstacle in the flow of granules, also causes an additional mixing of the granules.

Selbstverständlich kann die Leitschurre 17 auch mit einer anderen Form ausgebildet sein. Beispielsweise ist es auch möglich, die Leitschurre 17 kegelförmig zu gestalten. In vorteilhafter Weise ist die Leitschurre 17 spitz zulaufend ausgebildet, wobei die Spitze in Richtung auf den oberen Endbereich des Behälters 1 weist.Of course, the Leitschurre 17 may also be formed with a different shape. For example, it is also possible to make the Leitschurre 17 cone-shaped. Advantageously, the Leitschurre 17 is tapered, the tip points in the direction of the upper end portion of the container 1.

Durch die Anordnung der Leitschurre 17 wird eine Querschnittsfläche des Behälters 1 senkrecht zu seiner Längsmittelachse 9 auf eine verbleibende Durchströmöffnung verringert. Die verbleibende Durchströmöffnung entspricht der Projektion bei Draufsicht in Richtung der Längsmittelachse 9 des Behälters 1. Diese verbleibende Durchströmöffnung ist gegenüber der Querschnittsfläche des Behälters 1 um einen Anteil von ca. 50 %, verringert. Abhängig von der Art des Granulats ist diese Verringerung in einem Bereich von 20 bis 70 %.Due to the arrangement of the guide chute 17, a cross-sectional area of the container 1 is reduced perpendicular to its longitudinal central axis 9 to a remaining flow opening. The remaining flow opening corresponds to the projection in plan view in the direction of the longitudinal center axis 9 of the container 1. This remaining flow opening is compared to the cross-sectional area of the container 1 by a proportion of about 50%, reduced. Depending on the type of granules, this reduction is in a range of 20 to 70%.

Die Fig. 2 und 3 zeigen ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Vorrichtung mit einem rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildeten Behälter 1. Der Oberteil 3 des Behälters ist dabei zylinderförmig und der Unterteil 4 kegelförmig, d.h. als kegelförmiger Trichter, ausgebildet.The Fig. 2 and 3 show an embodiment of a device with a rotationally symmetric formed container 1. The upper part 3 of the container is cylindrical and the lower part 4 cone-shaped, that is designed as a conical funnel.

Die Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 wird dabei durch die rohrförmig ausgebildete Leitung 8, die sich in Richtung der Längsmittelachse 9 ausdehnt, gebildet. Die Leitung reicht dabei vom oberen Endbereich des Behälters 1 bis in den unteren Endbereich des Unterteiles 4, wo die Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 über die Austrittsöffnung 14 verfügt.The gas supply device 2 is formed by the tube-shaped line 8, which expands in the direction of the longitudinal central axis 9. The line extends from the upper end of the container 1 to the lower end of the lower part 4, where the gas supply means 2 has the outlet opening 14.

Zwischen dem Übergangsbereich des Oberteils 3 und des Unterteils 4 und dem oberen Endbereich des Behälters 1 verfügt die Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 über eine weitere Austrittsöffnung 15. Über dieser Austrittsöffnung 15, d.h. zwischen der Austrittsöffnung 15 und dem oberen Endbereich des Behälter 1, ist an der Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 die Leitschurre 17 angeordnet. Diese Leitschurre 17 ist aus vier Einzelsegmenten 18 gebildet, wobei diese Einzelsegmente 18, und somit die Leitschurre 17, auf die Längsmittelachse 9 hin spitz zulaufend ausgebildet sind. Die Spitze der Leitschurre 17 wiederum weist in Richtung auf den oberen Endbereich des Behälters 1. Die Einzelsegmente 18 der Leitschurre 17 sind, gegenüber einer zur Längsmittelachse 9 senkrechten Ebene, schräg angeordnet, so daß im Bereich der Leitschurre 17 das nach unten strömende Granulat des Stoffes so abgelenkt wird, daß ein zumindest annähernd spiralförmiger Stoffstrom entsteht. Dadurch wird außerdem eine zusätzliche Durchmischung des Granulats bewirkt.Between the transition region of the upper part 3 and the lower part 4 and the upper end region of the container 1, the gas supply device 2 has a further outlet opening 15. About this outlet opening 15, i. between the outlet opening 15 and the upper end region of the container 1, the guide chute 17 is arranged on the gas supply device 2. This Leitschurre 17 is formed from four individual segments 18, wherein these individual segments 18, and thus the Leitschurre 17, are formed tapering towards the longitudinal central axis 9 point. The top of the Leitschurre 17 in turn points in the direction of the upper end of the container 1. The individual segments 18 of the Leitschurre 17, compared to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis 9 plane, arranged obliquely, so that in the region of the Leitschurre 17 the flowing down granules of the substance is deflected so that an at least approximately spiral material flow is formed. This also causes additional mixing of the granules.

Die Einzelsegmente 18 der Leitschurre 17 sind an ihrem der Längsmittelachse 9 abgewandten Endbereichen am Oberteil 3, und somit also am Behälter 1, befestigt. Die Einzelsegmente 18 sind so ausgebildet, daß sie bei Draufsicht in Richtung der Längsmittelachse 9 die gesamte Querschnittsfläche des Behälters 1 überdecken.The individual segments 18 of the guide chute 17 are at their longitudinal central axis 9 opposite end portions on the upper part 3, and thus thus on the container 1, fixed. The individual segments 18 are formed so that they cover the entire cross-sectional area of the container 1 in plan view in the direction of the longitudinal central axis 9.

Eine Leitschurre 17 wird bevorzugt so ausgebildet, daß die verbleibende Durchströmöffnung in Richtung der Längsmittelachse 9 des Behälters 1 gegenüber der Querschnittsfläche des Behälters 1 senkrecht zu seiner Längsmittelachse 9 um einen Anteil in einem Bereich von 20 bis 100 %, bevorzugt 20 bis 70 %, verringert ist.A guide chute 17 is preferably formed so that the remaining flow opening in the direction of the longitudinal central axis 9 of the container 1 with respect to the cross-sectional area of the container 1 perpendicular to its longitudinal central axis 9 by a proportion in a range of 20 to 100%, preferably 20 to 70%, reduced is.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt ein Detail der Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 mit der Leitschurre 17 in perspektivischer Darstellung. Die Einzelsegmente 18 der Leitschurre 17 sind dabei gegenüber einer zur Längsmittelachse 9 senkrechten Ebene schräg angeordnet. Die Spitze der Leitschurre 17 weist dabei in Richtung auf den oberen Endbereich des Behälters 1 (Fig. 2).The Fig. 3 shows a detail of the gas supply device 2 with the Leitschurre 17 in a perspective view. The individual segments 18 of the guide chute 17 are arranged obliquely relative to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis 9. The tip of the guide chute 17 points towards the upper end region of the container 1 (FIG. Fig. 2 ).

Eine Vorrichtung, wie sie in den Fig. 1 bis 3 beschrieben ist, ist zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens zur Gegenstromtrocknung eines rieselfähigen Stoffs mit einem gasförmigen Fluid geeignet. Bei einem derartigen Verfahren wird der Stoff in einem Behälter zumindest teilweise kontinuierlich in einem Stoffstrom gefördert und durch Zuführung eines erhitzten und getrockneten Gases auf eine Trockentemperatur erwärmt. An zumindest zwei voneinander um eine Wegstrecke distanzierten Stellen des Stoffstroms, bevorzugt im Inneren des Stoffstroms, wird Gas zugeführt und solcher Art im Bereich über diese Wegstrecke 16 der Stoff zumindest annähernd auf der Trockentemperatur gehalten. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird der Stoff außerdem an einer feststehenden Leitschurre 17 an einem ersten Endbereich der Wegstrecke 16 einer Durchmischung unterworfen.A device like that in the Fig. 1 to 3 is suitable for carrying out a method for the countercurrent drying of a flowable material with a gaseous fluid. In such a method, the substance is conveyed in a container at least partially continuously in a stream and heated by supplying a heated and dried gas to a drying temperature. Gas is supplied to at least two points of the material flow which are distanced from one another by a distance, preferably in the interior of the material flow, and the material is kept at least approximately at the drying temperature in the region over this travel distance 16. In a preferred embodiment, the substance is also subjected to a mixing at a fixed Leitschurre 17 at a first end portion of the path 16.

Die Trockentemperatur für die zu trocknenden Stoffe ist vorteilhafterweise um einen Betrag in einem Bereich von 50 °C bis 130 °C, bevorzugt von 70 °C bis 110 °C, gegenüber dem Schmelzpunkt des betreffenden Stoffs, erniedrigt. In vorteilhafter Weise ist die Trockentemperatur für den zu trocknenden Stoff um ca. 90 °C kleiner als der Schmelzpunkt des betreffenden Stoffs.The drying temperature for the substances to be dried is advantageously reduced by an amount in a range from 50 ° C to 130 ° C, preferably from 70 ° C to 110 ° C, compared to the melting point of the substance concerned. Advantageously, the drying temperature for the substance to be dried by about 90 ° C is less than the melting point of the substance in question.

Als Gas bzw. gasförmiges Fluid wird beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bevorzugt Luft, insbesondere getrocknete Druckluft, eingesetzt. Selbstverständlich ist es aber auch möglich, andere Gase zu verwenden.The gas or gaseous fluid used in the process according to the invention is preferably air, in particular dried compressed air. Of course, it is also possible to use other gases.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist es möglich, rieselfähige Stoffe, wie z.B. Granulate, Pulver, Fasern, Pellets oder Körner, von z.B. Kunststoffen wie Polycarbonat, Polyamide, Polyimide, Polyethylenterephthalat, Styrole usw. zu trocknen.With the method according to the invention, it is possible to produce free-flowing substances, e.g. Granules, powders, fibers, pellets or granules of e.g. Plastics such as polycarbonate, polyamides, polyimides, polyethylene terephthalate, styrenes, etc. to dry.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Vorrichtung mit einer außen am Behälter 1 angeordneten Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2. Die Leitung 8 der Gaszufuhreinrichtung 2 besteht dabei aus einem Leitungssystem mit einer den unteren Endbereich des Unterteils 4 an einem Umfang umschließenden Leitung 21 und einer davon um die Wegstrecke 16 distanzierten und den Oberteil 3 an einen Umfang umschließenden Leitung 22 und einer diese beiden Leitungen verbindenden Leitung 23. Die Versorgung der Leitung 8 mit dem zur Trocknung erforderlichen Gas erfolgt durch die Leitung 10. Fig. 4 1 shows a device with a gas supply device 2 arranged on the outside of the container 1. The line 8 of the gas supply device 2 consists of a line system with a line 21 enclosing the lower end region of the lower part 4 on one circumference and one of them distancing the distance 16 and the upper part 3 To a circumference enclosing line 22 and a line connecting these two lines 23. The supply of the line 8 with the gas required for drying takes place through the line 10th

Zur Zuführung des Gases in den Behälter 1 verfügt die Leitung 21 und der Unterteil 4 über mehrere gemeinsame Austrittsöffnungen 14 und die Leitung 22 und der Oberteil 3 über mehrere gemeinsame Austrittsöffnungen 15. Zwischen den Austrittsöffnungen 15 und dem oberen Endbereich des Behälters 1 bzw. dem oberen Endbereich des Oberteils 3 ist eine Leitschurre 17, wie bereits in den Fig. 2 und 3 beschrieben, angeordnet.For supplying the gas into the container 1, the line 21 and the lower part 4 has a plurality of common outlet openings 14 and the line 22 and the upper part 3 over several common outlet openings 15. Between the outlet openings 15 and the upper end portion of the container 1 and the upper end portion of the upper part 3 is a Leitschurre 17, as already in the Fig. 2 and 3 described, arranged.

Der Ordnung halber sei abschließend darauf hingewiesen, daß zum besseren Verständnis des Aufbaus der Vorrichtung diese bzw. deren Bestandteile teilweise unmaßstäblich und/oder vergrößert und/oder verkleinert dargestellt wurden.For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that in order to better understand the structure of the device, these or their components have been shown partially unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.

Die den eigenständigen erfinderischen Lösungen zugrundeliegende Aufgabe kann der Beschreibung entnommen werden.The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description.

Vor allem können die einzelnen in den Fig. 1; 2, 3; 4 gezeigten Ausführungen den Gegenstand von eigenständigen, erfindungsgemäßen Lösungen bilden. Die diesbezüglichen, erfindungsgemäßen Aufgaben und Lösungen sind den Detailbeschreibungen dieser Figuren zu entnehmen.Above all, the individual in the Fig. 1 ; 2 . 3 ; 4 shown embodiments form the subject of independent solutions according to the invention. The relevant objects and solutions according to the invention can be found in the detailed descriptions of these figures.

BezugszeichenaufstellungREFERENCE NUMBERS

1
Behälter
2
Gaszufuhreinrichtung
3
Oberteil
4
Unterteil
5
Auslauf
6
Einlaß
7
Austrittsöffnung
8
Leitung
9
Längsmittelachse
10
Leitung
11 12 13 14
Austrittsöffnung
15
Austrittsöffnung
16
Wegstrecke
17
Leitschurre
18
Einzelsegment
19 20
21
Leitung
22
Leitung
23
Leitung
1
container
2
Gas supply means
3
top
4
lower part
5
outlet
6
Inlet
7
outlet opening
8th
management
9
Longitudinal central axis
10
management
11 12 13 14
outlet opening
15
outlet opening
16
path
17
guide chute
18
Single segment
19 20
21
management
22
management
23
management

Claims (12)

  1. Device for drying a pourable material in counter-flow with a gaseous fluid consisting of a container and a gas feeding device having a first outlet aperture located in a lower end portion of the container and a further outlet aperture (15) located between the first outlet aperture (14) and an upper end portion of the container (1), wherein a guide chute (17) is arranged above the further outlet aperture (15) or outlet apertures (14, 15),
    characterized in that
    the guide chute (17) is composed of several individual segments (18) and, for the purpose of generating an at least approximately spiral-shaped flow of material, the individual segments (18) are arranged in an inclined manner with respect to a plane extending perpendicularly to a longitudinal centre axis (9) of the container (1).
  2. Device according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the gas feeding device (2) is arranged in this container (1).
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the outlet apertures (14, 15) of the gas feeding device (2) are arranged on at least one tubular designed conduit (8) that extends in the direction of the longitudinal centre axis (9) of the container (1).
  4. Device according to any one or several of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    as a result of the arrangement of the guide chute (17), a through-flow aperture remaining in the direction of the longitudinal centre axis (9) of the container (1) with respect to a cross-sectional surface of the container (1) lying perpendicularly to its longitudinal centre axis (9) is reduced by a proportion ranging from 20% up to 100%, preferably ranging from 20% up to 70%.
  5. Device according to any one or several of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the guide chute (17) is designed in a manner tapering to a point and the point faces in the direction of the upper end portion of the container (1).
  6. Device according to any one or several of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the guide chute (17) has a pyramidal or conical design.
  7. Device according to any one or several of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the guide chute (17) or the guide chutes (17) is or are mounted on the gas feeding device (2).
  8. Device according to any one or several of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the guide chute (17) or the guide chutes (17) is or are mounted on the container (1).
  9. Method for the counter-flow drying of a pourable material with a gaseous fluid in a container (1), wherein the material is conveyed in the container in an at least partially continuous manner in a material flow and, by feeding-in a heated and dried gas, is heated to a drying temperature and wherein the gas is fed-in in at least two places of the material flow, which are spaced from each other by a distance (16), and is kept across this distance (16) at least approximately at the drying temperature,
    characterized in that
    the material is subjected to intermixing on a stationary guide chute (17) on a first end portion of the distance, wherein, for the purpose of generating an at least approximately spiral-shaped flow of material, the guide chute (17) is composed of individual segments (18) that are arranged in an inclined manner with respect to a plane extending perpendicularly to a longitudinal centre axis (9) of the container (1).
  10. Method according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    at least one of the mutually spaced places, at which the gas is fed-in, is arranged in the inside of the material flow.
  11. Method according to any one or several of claims 9 or 10,
    characterized in that
    the drying temperature has a value that is lower than the melting point of the material by an amount lying in the range from 50°C up to 130°C, preferably lying from 70°C up to 110°C, e.g. 90°C.
  12. Method according to any one or several of claims 9 to 11,
    characterized in that
    air, in particular compressed air, is used as gas.
EP02018853A 2001-08-24 2002-08-23 Apparatus for drying bulk material in counter flow with a gaseous fluid Expired - Lifetime EP1288600B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT02018853T ATE421668T1 (en) 2001-08-24 2002-08-23 DEVICE FOR DRYING A FREE-FLOWING SUBSTANCE IN COUNTERCURRENT WITH A GASEOUS FLUID

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT13482001 2001-08-24
AT13482001 2001-08-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1288600A2 EP1288600A2 (en) 2003-03-05
EP1288600A3 EP1288600A3 (en) 2006-06-07
EP1288600B1 true EP1288600B1 (en) 2009-01-21

Family

ID=3688138

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02018853A Expired - Lifetime EP1288600B1 (en) 2001-08-24 2002-08-23 Apparatus for drying bulk material in counter flow with a gaseous fluid

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1288600B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE421668T1 (en)
DE (1) DE50213230D1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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US8141270B2 (en) 2009-08-13 2012-03-27 Maguire Products, Inc. Gas flow rate determination method and apparatus and granular material dryer and method for control thereof

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US7234247B2 (en) 2000-06-16 2007-06-26 Maguire Stephen B Low pressure dryer
US10539366B2 (en) 2014-04-30 2020-01-21 Stephen B. Maguire Method and apparatus for vacuum drying granular resin material
ITVR20040162A1 (en) * 2004-10-19 2005-01-19 Moretto Plastics Automation Srl ADHESURING DEHUMIDIFIER FOR GRANULES OF PLASTIC MATERIAL
US20190308344A1 (en) 2018-04-04 2019-10-10 Novatec, Inc. Method and apparatus for polymer drying using inert gas
US11364657B2 (en) 2018-04-04 2022-06-21 Novatec, Inc. Reducing moisture in granular resin material using inert gas
CN112097467B (en) * 2020-06-23 2022-05-13 中钢集团鞍山热能研究院有限公司 Sealed movable raw coke drying process method and system
CN114636280B (en) * 2022-03-11 2023-04-11 美信佳中维药业股份有限公司 Preparation method and equipment of hydroxypropyl cellulose

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US2548262A (en) * 1949-08-12 1951-04-10 Thomas L Hintz Grain dehydrator and mixer
CH354026A (en) * 1958-02-22 1961-04-30 Ruhrchemie Ag Process for the heat treatment of finely divided solids with the aid of a gas
AT222559B (en) * 1959-10-21 1962-07-25 Loesche Hartzerkleinerungs U Z Drying oven for granules
GB913890A (en) * 1961-10-12 1962-12-28 Konstruktions Und Ingenieurbur Improvements in or relating to drying towers
US3905124A (en) * 1973-11-19 1975-09-16 Robert P Cooper Grain drying process
US3875683A (en) * 1974-05-17 1975-04-08 Whitlock Inc Integral heater plenum drying hoppers

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8141270B2 (en) 2009-08-13 2012-03-27 Maguire Products, Inc. Gas flow rate determination method and apparatus and granular material dryer and method for control thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50213230D1 (en) 2009-03-12
EP1288600A3 (en) 2006-06-07
ATE421668T1 (en) 2009-02-15
EP1288600A2 (en) 2003-03-05

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