EP1281835A1 - Tunnelvortriebsmaschine - Google Patents
Tunnelvortriebsmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1281835A1 EP1281835A1 EP02291730A EP02291730A EP1281835A1 EP 1281835 A1 EP1281835 A1 EP 1281835A1 EP 02291730 A EP02291730 A EP 02291730A EP 02291730 A EP02291730 A EP 02291730A EP 1281835 A1 EP1281835 A1 EP 1281835A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- bentonite
- assembly
- tunnel
- machine according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000031968 Cadaver Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0621—Shield advancing devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
- E21D9/0873—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a machine for digging a tunnel.
- Tunneling machines also called tunnel boring machines, have a large mobile structure comprising a cylindrical envelope in two parts, a first part called shield front and a second part called rear shield connected to the front shield.
- the frontal shield which comes into contact with the waist face to cut the formation through which the tunnel passes, has a head cutting formed by a circular plate driven in rotation about an axis which corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the digging machine, at a speed determined which depends on the nature of the ground to be dug.
- the digging machine also includes means for axial movement of the machine, a segment storage store, a device for laying these segments inside the tunnel as well as a system evacuation of the material resulting from the felling of the land under the advance of the digging machine.
- the circular plate forming the cutting head has openings delimited by radial arms supporting work tools intended for the felling of the ground and which consist of planing tools, pick tools or tooth tools that have various shapes and uses.
- the front part of the cylindrical envelope has also a fixed vertical partition, disposed behind the cutting head and forming therewith a slaughter chamber from which the material torn off is discharged towards the rear of the digging machine.
- the felling of the ground is obtained by the rotation of the cutting head and the simultaneous advance of this generated by a strong push against the front of size.
- the digging machines are provided with a assembly for supplying the slaughter chamber with a mixture of water and of clay, called bentonite.
- the bentonite is injected into the slaughter chamber at through the openings of the cutting head towards the cutting face to ensure the cohesion of the face, maintain a back pressure in order to support the ground and to allow the cutting head to work in good conditions.
- the cuttings mixed with bentonite are extracted by a opening located in the lower part of the slaughter chamber by an assembly extraction.
- the supply assembly includes a first pipe rigid and fixed, which is integral with the walls of the tunnel, a second pipe rigid and integral with the front shield and a portion of flexible pipe connecting the first and second rigid pipes.
- the free end of the first pipe in the assembly supply is connected to a bentonite supply system and the free end of the second pipe opens into the slaughter chamber of the frontal shield.
- the extraction assembly can also be formed by a first rigid and fixed pipe, which is integral with the walls of the tunnel, a second rigid pipe integral with the front shield and a portion of flexible pipe connecting the first and second pipes rigid.
- the extraction assembly can also be constituted by a screw conveyor or conveyor belt.
- the free end of the first pipe of the extraction assembly is connected to a treatment system of bentonite and the free end of the second pipe opens into the slaughter chamber of the frontal shield.
- each flexible assembly allows to ensure the connection between the two rigid pipes when advancing the frontal shield.
- the portion of flexible pipe has a determined length so there comes a time when you have to stop the advance of the front shield to add a portion of rigid pipe between the first pipe and the flexible pipe and, therefore, allow the front shield to advance in order to dig the tunnel.
- the laying of the pipe section additional requires cutting off the supply and extraction by via a shut-off valve arranged on the first pipe and the emptying the bentonite from the part of the pipeline located downstream of the valve Stop.
- the object of the invention is to propose a digging machine a tunnel which avoids the drawbacks mentioned above.
- the invention therefore relates to a machine for digging a tunnel of the type comprising, on the one hand, a front shield movable in translation and carrying a cutting head delimiting with a vertical partition a slaughter chamber and, on the other hand, a bentonite supply assembly of the slaughter chamber, said assembly comprising a first fixed pipe and rigid, integral with the walls of the tunnel, a second rigid pipe, integral of the front shield and a portion of flexible pipe connecting the first and second pipes, characterized in that said assembly comprises a obturator movable by means of a pressurized fluid between a retracted position releasing the passage of bentonite between the first and second pipes and a closed position of the first pipe to stop the passage of bentonite and allow the mounting of a section of additional fixed pipeline between said first pipeline and said flexible pipe.
- the invention also relates to a machine for digging a tunnel of the type comprising, on the one hand, a front shield movable in translation and carrying a cutting head delimiting with a vertical partition a slaughter chamber and, on the other hand, a set of bentonite extraction from the slaughter chamber and mixed with spoil, said set comprising a first fixed and rigid pipe, integral with the walls of the tunnel, a second rigid pipe, integral with the front shield and a portion of flexible pipe connecting the first and second pipes, characterized in that said assembly includes a shutter member movable by means of a fluid under pressure between a retracted position releasing the passage of the bentonite between the first and second pipes and a position of closure of the first pipe to stop the extraction of bentonite and allow the mounting of an additional fixed pipe section between said first pipe and said flexible pipe.
- Fig. 1 there is shown schematically a machine for excavation 1, called a tunnel boring machine, and which conventionally consists of a generally cylindrical shell in two independent parts, one first part 3 called front shield or front shield and a second part 2 called rear bumper.
- a tunnel boring machine which conventionally consists of a generally cylindrical shell in two independent parts, one first part 3 called front shield or front shield and a second part 2 called rear bumper.
- the front shield 3 has a cutting head 4 which comes in contact with the size A face to cut the formation geological crossing through the tunnel and which is in the general form of a circular plate slightly larger in diameter than the front shield 3.
- the cutting head 4 is rotated by at least one motor, not shown, at a determined speed which depends on the nature of the ground to dig and this cutting head 4 has openings delimited by radial arms supporting working tools constituted for example by knurling wheels or planing or other tools depending on the nature of the ground through.
- the front shield 3 also includes a vertical partition 3a fixed, arranged behind the cutting head 4 and forming a chamber therewith slaughter 6 from which the material torn off is discharged towards the rear of the digging machine.
- the rear shield 2 and the front shield 3 are connected to each other.
- the digging machine 1 includes means 7 for axial displacement of the assembly constituted by the rear shield 2, the shield front 3 and the cutting head 4, and also a set 8 of installation of segments 9 to inside the tunnel.
- the means 7 for axial displacement of the front shield 3 as well as of the cutting head 4 are formed by a ring of jacks 7a integral with the frontal shield 3 and which come into abutment against the ring of segments 9 placed at inside the tunnel so as to exert thrust on the front shield 3 necessary for the excavation of the ground crossed.
- the variations in the direction of the cutting head 4 are obtained by thrust differences between the different cylinders 7a.
- the digging machine also includes a set 10 bentonite feed which is a mixture of water and clay. So conventional, bentonite is injected into the felling chamber 6 by the assembly 10 feed and passes through the openings of the cutting head 4, in direction of the face to ensure the cohesion of the latter.
- the bentonite supply assembly 10 comprises a first rigid and fixed pipe 11, which is integral with the walls of the tunnel by through the segments 9, a second rigid pipe 12, integral by appropriate means, not shown, of the front shield 3 and a portion flexible pipe 13 connecting the first and second pipes 11 and 12.
- This flexible pipe portion 13 ensures the connection between the two rigid pipes 11 and 12 during the advance of the front shield 3.
- the free end 11a of the first pipe 11 is connected to means for supplying bentonite, not shown, and the free end 12a of the second pipe 12 opens into the slaughter chamber 6 as shown in Fig. 1.
- the assembly 10 also includes a bypass 14 located at downstream of the flexible pipe portion 13 relative to the direction of flow of bentonite and which is provided with a valve 15 opening or closing the bypass 14.
- the second pipe 12 is also provided with a valve 16 intended to open or close this second pipe 12.
- the digging machine also includes means of extraction of the bentonite injected into the slaughter chamber 6 and mixed with spoil.
- extraction means can be constituted by a screw conveyor or conveyor belt or by a set 50 of extraction identical to the set 10 of bentonite feed.
- This bentonite extraction assembly 50 comprises a first rigid and fixed pipe 51, a second rigid pipe 52 and, secured by appropriate means, not shown, to the front shield 3 and a portion of flexible pipe 53 connecting the first and second lines 51 and 52.
- This flexible pipe portion 53 ensures the connection between the two rigid pipes 51 and 52 during the advance of the front shield 3.
- the free end 51a of the first pipe 51 is connected to bentonite suction means, not shown, and the free end 52a of the second pipe 52 opens at the lower part of the chamber slaughter 6, as shown in FIG. 1.
- the assembly 50 also includes a bypass 54 which is provided with a valve 55 opening or closing this bypass 54.
- the second line 52 is also provided with a valve 56 intended to open or close this second pipe 52.
- the assembly 10, 50 comprises a designated shutter member as a whole by the reference 20 and movable, as we will see subsequently, by means of a pressurized fluid between a retracted position in bypass 14, 54 freeing the passage of bentonite between the first and second pipes 11, 51 and 12, 52 and a closed position of the first pipe 11, 51 to stop the passage of bentonite and allow mounting an additional section of pipe between said first line 11, 51 and said flexible line-13, 53.
- This shutter member 20 has the general shape of a cylinder and is consists of three parts, a central part 21 and two end parts 22 each arranged on either side of said central part 21.
- the central part 21 comprises a body 45 supporting autonomous means for blocking said shutter member 20 in the position of closing of the first pipe 11.
- the autonomous blocking means are formed by at least two pads 23 and 24 opposite.
- the autonomous locking means are formed by two pairs of pads 23 and 24 opposed.
- Each shoe 23 of the first pair of shoes is mounted articulated on a support 25 which is itself mounted radially displaceable on the body 45 of the central part 21.
- the support 25 includes a stop 26 mounted in a base 27 secured to body 45 so as to limit the transverse displacement of the pair of pads 23.
- each pad 24 of the second pair of pads is mounted articulated on a support 28 which is itself mounted radially displaceable on the body 45 of the central part 21.
- the support 28 has a stop 29 mounted in a base 30 secured to the body 45 so as to limit the radial movement of the pair of pads 24.
- Each pad 23 of the first pair of pads is held applied against the internal wall of the corresponding pipe by a spring hydropneumatic which consists of a cylinder 31 for example simple effect comprising a rod 31a for controlling the translational movement of the shoe 23 correspondent.
- Each cylinder 31 is connected by a conduit 32 to an accumulator hydropneumatic 33 supported by the body 45 of the central part 21.
- the hydropneumatic accumulator 33 has a first chamber 33a (Fig. 3) containing nitrogen under pressure and a second chamber 33b containing oil and into which open the pipes 32, said chambers 33a and 33b being separated by a membrane 34.
- the oil contained in chamber 33b is pressurized by the nitrogen contained in the chamber 33a which has the effect of applying to the pads 23 a constant force via the control rods 31a of the cylinders 31 so as to hold these pads 23 against the internal wall of the corresponding pipeline.
- Each pad 24 of the second pair of pads is held applied against the internal wall of the corresponding pipe by a spring hydropneumatic which consists of a cylinder 35 for example simple effect comprising a rod 35a for controlling the transverse movement of the shoe 24 corresponding.
- Each cylinder 35 is connected by a conduit 37 to an accumulator hydropneumatic 38 supported by the body 45 of the central part 21.
- the hydropneumatic accumulator 38 has a first chamber 38a containing nitrogen under pressure and a second chamber 38b containing oil and into which the conduits 37 open, the said chambers 38a and 38b being separated by a membrane 39.
- the oil contained in chamber 38b is pressurized by the nitrogen contained in the chamber 38a which has the effect of applying to the parts 24 a constant force through the control rods 35a jacks 35 so as to hold these pads 24 against the internal wall of the corresponding pipeline.
- each end portion 22 of the shutter member 20 is connected to the body 45 of the central part 21 by a joint 40 of the appropriate type, which allows angular movement of said end portion 22 relative to said central portion 21.
- Each articulation 40 is protected by a sealing bellows 41.
- Each end portion 22 has at least one disc scraper 42, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, two discs scrapers 42 extending parallel to each other and whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the first pipe 11.
- the scraper discs 42 are fixed between spacers 33 and the stack formed by the scraper discs 42 and the spacers 43 is maintained by liaison bodies 44.
- valve 16 in normal operation, the valve 16 is open and valve 15 is closed and the bentonite flows through the first rigid pipe 11, the flexible pipe portion 13 and the second rigid pipe 12.
- the bentonite is injected through the end 12a into the slaughter chamber 6 located behind the cutting head 4.
- the shutter member 20 is in the retracted position in the branch 14.
- the front shield 3 supporting the cutting head 4 and the second rigid pipe 12 progressively advances, so as to dig the tunnel this which has the effect of tightening the flexible pipe portion 13, as well as shown in Fig. 4B.
- the flexible pipe portion 13 has a determined length if although there comes a time when you have to stop the advance of the front shield 3 and add a portion of rigid pipe between the first pipe 11 and the portion of flexible pipe 13.
- valve 16 is closed and the valve 15 is open. Then, a pressurized fluid, such as water, is injected by the free end of the bypass 14 which has the effect of propelling the organ shutter 20 in the first pipe 11 and this despite the presence of a bentonite column in this first pipe 11 vented by the end 11a.
- a pressurized fluid such as water
- the pressure exerted by the fluid on the organ shutter 20 is greater than the pressure exerted by the bentonite in said first pipe 11. Sealing is ensured by the scraper discs 42 in contact with the internal wall of the pipeline through which said flow shutter 20.
- the pads 23 and 24 constitute a mechanical brake allowing stopping and then maintaining in position the shutter member 20 when the pressure propulsion water is canceled.
- This shutter member 20 is therefore kept in position at the end of the first pipe 11 (FIG. 4C) and then retains a column of bentonite which allows the opening of the first pipe downstream of the shutter member 20 and, therefore, the laying of a pipe section 46 additional between said first pipe 11 and said portion of flexible pipe 13, as shown in FIG. 4D.
- the hydropneumatic springs constituted by the cylinders 31 and 35 and the accumulators 33 and 38 allow the positioning of the pads 23 and 24 to variations in the diameter of the pipes due to tolerances and wear of the pads.
- Accumulators 33 and 38 allow variations to be absorbed oil volume due to stroke variations of cylinders 31 and 35, in keeping the braking force as constant as possible. They thus authorize the adjustment of both the holding hydraulic pressure and the pressure of the propulsion fluid of the shutter member 20.
- valve 15 is closed and the valve 16 is opened which allows the bentonite slaughter chamber to be supplied again and therefore continue digging the tunnel.
- the obturation member is therefore autonomous and does not require any connection with the outside.
- the power supply assembly according to the invention has the advantage of reduce the downtime of the digging machine when extending the fixed pipe because there is no need to drain this pipe.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0110466A FR2828233B1 (fr) | 2001-08-03 | 2001-08-03 | Machine de creusement d'un tunnel |
FR0110466 | 2001-08-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1281835A1 true EP1281835A1 (de) | 2003-02-05 |
Family
ID=8866292
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02291730A Withdrawn EP1281835A1 (de) | 2001-08-03 | 2002-07-09 | Tunnelvortriebsmaschine |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1281835A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2828233B1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021005170A1 (fr) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-01-14 | Bouygues Travaux Publics | Crs : connecteur rapide sur conduite de marinage de tunnelier |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4072021A (en) * | 1976-11-02 | 1978-02-07 | Tekken Construction Co. Ltd. | Method of driving and forming a tunnel with hydraulic boring machine |
GB1573946A (en) * | 1976-04-05 | 1980-08-28 | Tekken Constr Co | Automatic tunnel face hydraulic pressure controlling apparatus in shield type hydraulic tunnel boring system |
DE3125644A1 (de) * | 1981-06-30 | 1983-01-13 | Wayss & Freytag Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zum vortreiben eines tunnels unter verwendung eines schildes mit fluessigkeitsgefuellter arbeitskammer |
US5203614A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1993-04-20 | The Robbins Company | Tunneling machine having liquid balance low flow slurry system |
JPH09328992A (ja) * | 1996-06-10 | 1997-12-22 | Sato Kogyo Co Ltd | 多機能型噴射装置を備えた掘削機および噴射ノズルの取付構造 |
JP2001173370A (ja) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-06-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | カッタヘッド |
-
2001
- 2001-08-03 FR FR0110466A patent/FR2828233B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-07-09 EP EP02291730A patent/EP1281835A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1573946A (en) * | 1976-04-05 | 1980-08-28 | Tekken Constr Co | Automatic tunnel face hydraulic pressure controlling apparatus in shield type hydraulic tunnel boring system |
US4072021A (en) * | 1976-11-02 | 1978-02-07 | Tekken Construction Co. Ltd. | Method of driving and forming a tunnel with hydraulic boring machine |
DE3125644A1 (de) * | 1981-06-30 | 1983-01-13 | Wayss & Freytag Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zum vortreiben eines tunnels unter verwendung eines schildes mit fluessigkeitsgefuellter arbeitskammer |
US5203614A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1993-04-20 | The Robbins Company | Tunneling machine having liquid balance low flow slurry system |
JPH09328992A (ja) * | 1996-06-10 | 1997-12-22 | Sato Kogyo Co Ltd | 多機能型噴射装置を備えた掘削機および噴射ノズルの取付構造 |
JP2001173370A (ja) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-06-26 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | カッタヘッド |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 04 31 March 1998 (1998-03-31) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 23 10 February 2001 (2001-02-10) * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021005170A1 (fr) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-01-14 | Bouygues Travaux Publics | Crs : connecteur rapide sur conduite de marinage de tunnelier |
FR3098565A1 (fr) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-01-15 | Bouygues Travaux Publics | Montage d’une conduite de marinage d’un tunnelier |
US11841102B2 (en) | 2019-07-09 | 2023-12-12 | Bouygues Travaux Publics | CRS: quick connector for tunnel boring machine spoil check |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2828233B1 (fr) | 2003-12-19 |
FR2828233A1 (fr) | 2003-02-07 |
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