EP1278945B1 - Automotive exhaust silencer system with variable damping characteristics - Google Patents

Automotive exhaust silencer system with variable damping characteristics Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1278945B1
EP1278945B1 EP01947243A EP01947243A EP1278945B1 EP 1278945 B1 EP1278945 B1 EP 1278945B1 EP 01947243 A EP01947243 A EP 01947243A EP 01947243 A EP01947243 A EP 01947243A EP 1278945 B1 EP1278945 B1 EP 1278945B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
exhaust silencer
valve
silencer system
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP01947243A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1278945A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Schumacher
Volker Geis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
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J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1278945A1 publication Critical patent/EP1278945A1/en
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Publication of EP1278945B1 publication Critical patent/EP1278945B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/16—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts
    • F01N1/165—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using movable parts for adjusting flow area
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a silencer system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • From DE 195 03 322 A1 is a muffler system with variable Damping characteristics known, when a muffler to change the flowing through Exhaust gas in the inlet pipe has a poppet valve whose free Valve tappet end communicates with an overpressure can.
  • the overpressure side of the overpressure can is via a pressure line connected to the input side of the input tube. thanks the pressure control opens and closes the valve plate the poppet valve continuously, so that the acoustic Change silencer properties continuously.
  • the poppet valve is located inside the muffler.
  • the poppet valve and the actuating mechanism of the poppet valve, in particular the valve stem extend inside the muffler, in particular at least partly in a resonance chamber inside the muffler.
  • the poppet valve assembly is an integral part of the Silencer itself.
  • the inner flow obstruction of the poppet valve assembly affects the damping characteristic the silencer especially in high-performance internal combustion engines.
  • For powerful combustion engines are two aforementioned separate silencers with one each aforementioned pressure control required.
  • WO 97/40264 discloses a silencer system of a Motor vehicle with two silencers and an actuator for changing the flow resistance of the flowing through Exhaust gas for the purpose of changing the damping characteristic, wherein the actuator in a flow branch with a Input and two outputs is provided.
  • the invention is based on the object, a silencer system to provide the type mentioned, with simple means optimal damping even at high power Internal combustion engines, in particular in the low-frequency Area effected and nevertheless compact constructed.
  • the actuator in a flow branch provided with an input and two outputs is, each output via a pipeline with a Silencer connected and through the actuator of the Flow cross section of the input is changeable.
  • Particular advantage of the invention is that the interior of the Silencer - Arrangement of the internal exhaust system through the Silencer, pipe bends, pipe lengths, resonance chamber (s), Absorption chamber (s), sound-absorbing material, partitions, intermediate shells, Perforation design, etc. - without disturbing Actuator or poppet valve designed, and thus optimal designed the internal damping characteristic of the muffler can be.
  • the backpressure limitation or regulation takes place outside the actual silencer in an upstream Arrangement.
  • two individual silencers provided that a common backpressure limitation or regulation.
  • Two separate facilities are required. The invention thus reduces the effort practically on the Half.
  • Another particular advantage of the invention is that the distribution the volume flows in the two outlets of the pipe branch can not be affected. Also can be in one Structural conception of a complete system of a silencer arrangement the establishment of a middle silencer eliminated.
  • the pipes suitably have the same Flow area to each of the two mufflers same flow conditions and a same damping characteristic to accomplish.
  • the outputs of the branch pipe are in particular symmetrical located to the axial axis of the entrance of the branch pipe, wherein the actuator is longitudinal and symmetrical to Axial axis of the entrance extends.
  • the actuator can at least largely with the manifold structurally united and therefore in the branch pipe be integrated.
  • the actuator is beneficial in the direction of its input largely closing position closed by a spring, preferably a compression spring, preloaded and before Input increased back pressure of the flowing exhaust gas against the Force of the spring in an opening releasing the input movable.
  • a spring preferably a compression spring
  • the actuator has expediently one with the input engageable closing body, which on the perimeter at least one indentation, preferably two on the circumference equally distributed indentations, and also axial passages may be provided, preferably via the Cross section of the closing body are equally distributed.
  • the actuator can also with the actuator closed by the exhaust gas Closing body at low load or low speed of Run through the motor vehicle engine. Increases the load or the engine speed, the actuator builds a larger Flow resistance or back pressure, which then by Opening of the actuator degraded or limited upwards becomes.
  • Another variant provides that the actuator with a the input engageable closing body with a Diameter such that in the closed position a Circumference gap remains free to the inner diameter of the entrance.
  • the circumferential gap has the same effect as the aforementioned indentations or axial passages.
  • the actuator is a control valve with a Valve tappet, wherein the closing body is a flattened, conical or hemispherical valve disk or valve body can be.
  • the closing body including indentations, etc. is with Advantage streamlined constructed to flow-through noise to reduce the closing body already in this way.
  • the actuator is in a basic embodiment a passive switching element caused by the force of the back pressure automatically gets into its open position.
  • the actuator is preferably a positive pressure can, where the pressure side of a membrane in the pressure box via a pressure line with the back pressure before Entrance of the branch pipe is connected while on the Low pressure side of the diaphragm the spring in the pressure box is arranged, and the diaphragm center with the actuator, in particular with the free end of the valve stem of a poppet valve, connected is.
  • the actuator in a further fundamental Embodiment variant is an active switching element and a separate actuator, that of the control electronics the motor vehicle engine or engine management is controllable.
  • the actuating element is preferably a vacuum box, the low pressure side a diaphragm in the vacuum box via a control line with a vacuum pump or with the intake manifold of the motor vehicle engine connected, and the diaphragm center with the actuator, in particular with the free end of the valve stem of a Poppet valve, is connected.
  • the pressure side of the membrane of the vacuum unit a housing vent hole and therefore atmospheric pressure on or without housing part is directly the atmosphere exposed.
  • the spring on the low pressure side of Membrane is placed in the vacuum box, so that a results in a compact overall arrangement of an actuating element.
  • control line may be at least one Electromagnetically actuated switching valve or a continuously variable adjustable pressure control valve are located, which then each from the control electronics of the motor vehicle engine via an electrical control line is activated.
  • the electromagnically actuated switching valve can be a per se well-known 3/2-way valve with three connections and two positions be, with the first connection to the intake manifold or the Vacuum pump, the second connection to the low pressure side of the vacuum box and the third connection leads to the atmosphere.
  • the actuator may include a valve lifter which seals and displaceable by a sealing plug in one Intermediate wall of the pipe branch between the two outputs along the axial axis of the entrance to the outside up to guided a spring housing containing the spring or on the stiffen platy membrane center of the membrane on the pressure side the positive or negative pressure box is attached.
  • the sealing plug is preferably in a hollow cylindrical Housing section of the spring housing or the Koch- or vacuum box sealed, and the housing section attached to the partition.
  • the functional principle according to the invention consists essentially in it, the exhaust via a spring-loaded valve, which preferably an integral part of a flow branching is to oppose a resistance. This leads to a reduction in pulsations, resulting in an improvement the acoustics (muzzle noise and / or vehicle interior noise) leads. From a certain speed / load is the Valve opened so that the (power-influencing) back pressure the exhaust system at higher speeds / loads a certain Does not exceed measure. Flow noise is so also avoided or reduced.
  • the switching / control of the valve can basically be done in two ways: The latter type is the switching / control with Help an active switching element, namely on the vacuum box depending on the setting of the control electronics or the Engine management.
  • the other type is the switching / control with the help of a passive switching element by utilizing the back pressure before the entrance of the branch pipe, namely indirectly via the aforementioned actuator of the pressure box, or directly only via the spring, which is preferably a compression spring.
  • the spring which is preferably a compression spring.
  • the valve is closed by the spring held. With increasing throughput the valve starts to open and stay when the spring force is as great as the force acting on the valve disk flow force. With this concept achieves a continuous opening, and completely automatically, so without higher-level control.
  • one or more be provided several springs in a package.
  • Single feathers can also have a different spring characteristic (linear, progressive).
  • the spring support in the axial direction of the spring be adjusted to a desired spring or closing force to set up the actuator.
  • a muffler system 1 comprises a Motor vehicle two silencers 2, 3 and an actuator 4 for changing the flow resistance of the flowing through Exhaust gas for the purpose of changing the damping characteristic.
  • the actuator 4 is in a flow branch 5 with a Input 6 and two outputs 7, 8 provided, each Output 7 or 8 via a pipe 9 or 10 with a Silencer 2 or 3 connected and by the actuator of the Flow cross-section D of the input 6 is variable.
  • the two silencers 2, 3 are the same.
  • the Pipes 9, 10 have a same flow cross-section.
  • the outputs 7, 8 of the manifold 5 are symmetrical to the axial axis 11 of the input 6 of the manifold located, wherein the actuator 4 is longitudinal and symmetrical extends to the axial axis of the entrance.
  • the actuator 4 is largely structurally associated with the pipe branch.
  • the plant is as a double muffler system of a single Motor vehicle built.
  • the vehicle associated not illustrated motor vehicle engine is a powerful drive. He owns one Suction pipe, which via a suction or control line 20 with a separate actuator 16 of the actuator 4 is connected is.
  • a suction or control line 20 In the control line 20 is an electromagnetic operable 3/2-way valve, as shown in Figures 6 and FIG. 7 is shown.
  • the 3/2-way valve has its part an electrical control line that does not have one illustrated control electronics of the motor vehicle engine connected is. On the functioning of the 3/2-way valve will be discussed later.
  • the actuator 4 is in the direction of his Entrance 6 largely occlusive closed position by a spring 12 biased in the form of a compression spring and at in front of the entrance 6 increased back pressure p of the flowing exhaust gas against the force of the compression spring in a release the input Opening position movable.
  • the actuator has a engageable with the input Locking body with a diameter such that in the closed position a circumferential gap s to the inner diameter the input 5 remains free.
  • This variant is in Figures 2 and 3 shown. She illustrates that also in the self-contained closed position of the actuator an annular flow space for the exhaust gas in the area the otherwise closed entrance 6 of the manifold 5 in each case of operation of the muffler system 1 remains open.
  • the Closing body 14 on the circumference at least one indentation 15, preferably two equally distributed on the circumference indentations 15, according to Figures 4 and 5 have.
  • apart of the aforementioned Einbuchten 15 may be a closing body in the closed position of the actuator on a peripheral edge support the entrance of the pipe branch and as a guide and in particular as an end stop of the closed position of Serving actuator.
  • the peripheral edge is in the embodiment according to Figures 4 and 5, a valve seat 26 in the form of a extended stepped section in the housing wall in the Area of the entrance of the pipe branch 5.
  • the actuator 4 is a control valve with a valve lifter 13, wherein the closing body 14 is a flattened valve plate is slightly conical and on its upstream side the peripheral edge is aerodynamically provided with curves.
  • the end positions of the control valve, i. the closed position and the open position, are by the separate actuator 16, which will be discussed later.
  • the actuator 4 may be a passive switching element, the by the force of the back pressure p automatically into its open position arrives. The force of the back pressure p then acts directly on the exhaust gas flow S exposed cross-sectional area the closing body 14 of the actuator 4 against the Force of the compression spring 12th
  • Actuator 4 an active switching element, wherein the force of Jacobrucks p on the separate actuator 16 of the Actuator 4 acts, which in turn the actuator 4 in moves its open position.
  • the separate actuator 16 is in particular a vacuum box, wherein the low pressure side 18 of a membrane 19 in the vacuum box via the control line 20 with a vacuum pump or with the aforementioned intake manifold of the motor vehicle engine is connected, and it is the stiffened platy circular diaphragm center with the free end of the valve lifter 13 of a poppet valve connected to the closing member turned away.
  • the pressure side 17 on the other side of the membrane 19 of the Vacuum box has a housing vent hole and thus Atmospheric pressure on or is directly exposed to the atmosphere.
  • the compression spring 12 is on the low pressure side 18 of the membrane 19 arranged in the vacuum box along the axial axis 11. It relies on the one hand axially on the flat membrane center 28 and on the other hand on a central mold seat in the Vacuum box off.
  • the compression spring is in the vacuum box Centrally clamped with preload.
  • In the closed position of the poppet valve of Figure 2 strikes the diaphragm center 28 at a stepped axial stop of the housing of the vacuum unit at.
  • the housing has an integral hollow cylindrical Housing portion 29, which is coaxial in the direction of Closing body extends at a distance from the valve stem 13 and through a central opening in an intermediate wall 25 of the Pipe branching 5 straight into the interior of the pipe branch extends and is secured with the intermediate wall.
  • the actuator 4 has, according to FIG. 2, a valve tappet 13 which is sealed and displaceable by a sealing plug 27 in the above intermediate wall 25 of the manifold 5 between the two outputs 7, 8 along the Axial axis 11 of the input 6 to the outside to which the compression spring containing housing of the vacuum cell is guided, wherein the valve stem 13 at the stiffened platy membrane center 28 of the diaphragm 19 on the pressure side of the vacuum unit is attached.
  • the sealing plug 27 is in the hollow cylindrical housing portion 29 of the housing of the vacuum unit sealed.
  • electromagnetically actuated Switching valve 21 in the form of a 3/2-way valve according to Figures 6 and 7 has a first terminal 22 for Suction tube of the motor vehicle engine, a second terminal 23rd to the low pressure side 18 of the vacuum box and a third Connection 24 to the atmosphere, wherein in the one (first) valve position the first terminal 22 to the second terminal 23rd and in the other (second) valve position, the second port 23 is connected to the third terminal 24.
  • the first Valve position is shown in Figure 6.
  • the second valve position is illustrated in FIG.
  • a changeover valve is basically the aforementioned one Art shown in a third switching position, in the the valve is not only switched through according to Figure 6 to the intake manifold and switched according to Figure 7 in a venting position is, but in the third switching position both to the intake manifold as well as being closed to the atmosphere can.
  • Such a valve also allows holding a medium vacuum in the vacuum box, which is synonymous with the holding of a middle position of the closing body 14 is. It can in such a variant of any set many intermediate positions of a closing body 14 Consequently, the actuator 4 can intermittently or almost infinitely switched or regulated become.
  • control line 20 of the Vacuum box to the intake manifold or the vacuum pump not only an electromagnetically actuated 3/2-way valve 21 after Figures 6 and 7, but in the control line 20 between the terminal 23 and the vacuum unit additionally an electromagnetic operable on-off valve to arrange. Also then, in a through-connected manner shown in FIG Switching position of the 3/2-way valve 21, the control line 20 by switching the aforementioned on-off valve in the blocking position a medium vacuum in the control line 20 and thereby also the closing body 14 of the actuator 4 are held in an intermediate position.
  • the functional principle according to the invention thus essentially exists in it, the exhaust via a spring-loaded valve, which preferably an integral part of a flow branching is to oppose a resistance. This leads to to a reduction of the pulsations, resulting in an improvement the acoustics (muzzle noise and / or vehicle interior noise) leads. From a certain speed / load is the Valve opened so that the (power-influencing) back pressure the exhaust system at higher speeds / loads a certain Does not exceed measure. Flow noise is so also avoided or reduced.
  • the switching / control of the valve can basically be done in two ways:
  • the latter type is the switching / control with Help an active switching element, namely on the vacuum box depending on the setting of the control electronics or the Engine management.
  • the other type is the switching / control with the help of a passive switching element by utilizing the back pressure before the entrance of the branch pipe, namely directly over the Compression spring omitting the vacuum box.
  • the valve In small Throughputs, the valve is closed by the compression spring held. With increasing throughput the valve starts to open and persists when the spring force is as big as that on the Valve plate acting flow force is. With this concept a continuous opening is achieved, completely automatically, ie without higher-level control.
  • one or more be provided several springs in a package.
  • Single feathers can also have a different spring characteristic (linear, progressive).
  • the spring support in the axial direction of the spring be adjusted to a desired spring or closing force to set up the actuator.
  • a passive switching element can also be an overpressure can wherein the force of the back pressure p indirectly in the pressure box is activated to the actuator 4 in its open position to move.
  • the pressure box is designed so that the pressure side 17 of the membrane in the pressure box over a not illustrated pressure line with the back pressure p before connected to the entrance of the pipe branch while on the low pressure side 18 of the diaphragm, the compression spring in the Overpressure box is arranged, and the diaphragm center with the Actuator, in particular with the free end of the valve stem 13 a poppet valve is connected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

In a muffler device of a motor vehicle, with a plurality of mufflers and an actuator for changing the flow resistance to the exhaust gases flowing through the mufflers, in order to change the damping characteristic, the actuator is provided in a pipe branch having an inlet and two outlets, each outlet being connected via a pipe to a muffler, and the throughflow cross section of the inlet being variable by means of the actuator.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schalldämpferanlage nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a silencer system according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus DE 195 03 322 A1 ist eine Schalldämpferanlage mit variabler Dämpfungscharakteristik bekannt, bei der ein Schalldämpfer zur Veränderung des durchströmenden Abgases im Eingangsrohr ein Tellerventil hat, dessen freies Ventilstößelende mit einer Überdruckdose in Verbindung steht. Die Überdruckseite der Überdruckdose ist über eine Druckleitung mit der Eingangsseite des Eingangsrohrs verbunden. Dank der Überdrucksteuerung öffnet und schließt der Ventilteller des Tellerventils kontinuierlich, so daß sich auch die akustischen Eigenschaften des Schalldämpfers kontinuierlich ändern. Das Tellerventil ist im Inneren des Schalldämpfers angeordnet. Das Tellerventil sowie der Betätigungsmechanismus des Tellerventils, insbesondere der Ventilstößel, erstrecken sich im Inneren des Schalldämpfers, insbesondere zumindest teilweise in einer Resonanzkammer im Inneren des Schalldämpfers. Die Tellerventilanordnung ist innerer Bestandteil des Schalldämpfers selbst. Das innere Strömungshindernis der Tellerventilanordnung beeinträchtigt die Dämpfungscharakteristik des Schalldämpfers insbesondere bei leistungsstarken Verbrennungsmotoren. Für leistungsstarke Verbrennungsmotoren werden zwei vorgenannte separate Schalldämpfer mit jeweils einer vorgenannte Überdrucksteuerung benötigt. From DE 195 03 322 A1 is a muffler system with variable Damping characteristics known, when a muffler to change the flowing through Exhaust gas in the inlet pipe has a poppet valve whose free Valve tappet end communicates with an overpressure can. The overpressure side of the overpressure can is via a pressure line connected to the input side of the input tube. thanks the pressure control opens and closes the valve plate the poppet valve continuously, so that the acoustic Change silencer properties continuously. The poppet valve is located inside the muffler. The poppet valve and the actuating mechanism of the poppet valve, in particular the valve stem, extend inside the muffler, in particular at least partly in a resonance chamber inside the muffler. The poppet valve assembly is an integral part of the Silencer itself. The inner flow obstruction of the poppet valve assembly affects the damping characteristic the silencer especially in high-performance internal combustion engines. For powerful combustion engines are two aforementioned separate silencers with one each aforementioned pressure control required.

Die WO 97/40264 offenbart eine Schalldämpferanlage eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit zwei Schalldämpfern und einem Stellglied zur Veränderung des Strömungswiderstands des durchströmenden Abgases zwecks Veränderung der Dämpfungscharakteristik, wobei das Stellglied in einer Strömungsverzweigung mit einem Eingang und zwei Ausgängen vorgesehen ist. WO 97/40264 discloses a silencer system of a Motor vehicle with two silencers and an actuator for changing the flow resistance of the flowing through Exhaust gas for the purpose of changing the damping characteristic, wherein the actuator in a flow branch with a Input and two outputs is provided.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schalldämpferanlage der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, die mit einfachen Mitteln eine optimale Dämpfung auch bei leistungsstarken Verbrennungsmotoren insbesondere im tieffrequenten Bereich bewirkt und gleichwohl kompakt aufgebaut ist. The invention is based on the object, a silencer system to provide the type mentioned, with simple means optimal damping even at high power Internal combustion engines, in particular in the low-frequency Area effected and nevertheless compact constructed.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved by the subject matter of the independent claim solved. Advantageous developments emerge the dependent claims.

Wesen der Erfindung ist, daß das Stellglied in einer Strömungsverzweigung mit einem Eingang und zwei Ausgängen vorgesehen ist, wobei jeder Ausgang über eine Rohrleitung mit einem Schalldämpfer verbunden und durch das Stellglied der Durchströmungsquerschnitt des Eingangs veränderbar ist.Essence of the invention is that the actuator in a flow branch provided with an input and two outputs is, each output via a pipeline with a Silencer connected and through the actuator of the Flow cross section of the input is changeable.

Besonderer Vorteil der Erfindung ist, daß das Innere des Schalldämpfers - Anordnung der inneren Abgasführung durch den Schalldämpfer, Rohrkrümmungen, Rohrlängen, Resonanzkammer(n), Absorptionskammer(n), Schallschluckstoff, Trennwände, Zwischenschalen, Perforationsgestaltung, etc. - ohne störendes Stellglied bzw. Tellerventil konzipiert, und somit optimal die innere Dämpfungscharakteristik des Schalldämpfers ausgelegt werden kann. Die Gegendruckbegrenzung bzw. -regelung erfolgt außerhalb des eigentlichen Schalldämpfers in einer vorgeordneten Anordnung. Erfindungsgemäß sind zwei Einzelschalldämpfer vorgesehen, die eine gemeinsame Gegendruckbegrenzung bzw. -regelung haben. Nach dem vorgenannten Stand der Technik werden zwei separate diesbezügliche Einrichtungen benötigt. Die Erfindung reduziert mithin den Aufwand praktisch auf die Hälfte.Particular advantage of the invention is that the interior of the Silencer - Arrangement of the internal exhaust system through the Silencer, pipe bends, pipe lengths, resonance chamber (s), Absorption chamber (s), sound-absorbing material, partitions, intermediate shells, Perforation design, etc. - without disturbing Actuator or poppet valve designed, and thus optimal designed the internal damping characteristic of the muffler can be. The backpressure limitation or regulation takes place outside the actual silencer in an upstream Arrangement. According to the invention, two individual silencers provided that a common backpressure limitation or regulation. According to the aforementioned prior art Two separate facilities are required. The invention thus reduces the effort practically on the Half.

Weiterer besonderer Vorteil der Erfindung ist, daß die Verteilung der Volumenströme in den beiden Ausgängen der Rohrverzweigung nicht beeinflußt werden kann. Auch kann in einer baulichen Konzeption einer Gesamtanlage einer Schalldämpferanordnung die Einrichtung eines Mittelschalldämpfers entfallen.Another particular advantage of the invention is that the distribution the volume flows in the two outlets of the pipe branch can not be affected. Also can be in one Structural conception of a complete system of a silencer arrangement the establishment of a middle silencer eliminated.

Bauliche und fertigungstechnische Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn die beiden Schalldämpfer vorzugsweise gleich aufgebaut sind. Structural and manufacturing advantages arise when the two mufflers are preferably constructed the same.

Die Rohrleitungen besitzen zweckmäßigerweise einen gleichen Durchströmungsquerschnitt, um bei jedem der beiden Schalldämpfer gleiche Strömungsverhältnisse und eine gleiche Dämpfungscharakteristik zu schaffen.The pipes suitably have the same Flow area to each of the two mufflers same flow conditions and a same damping characteristic to accomplish.

Die Ausgänge der Rohrverzweigung sind insbesondere symmetrisch zur Axialachse des Eingangs der Rohrverzweigung gelegen, wobei sich das Stellglied längs und symmetrisch zur Axialachse des Eingangs erstreckt.The outputs of the branch pipe are in particular symmetrical located to the axial axis of the entrance of the branch pipe, wherein the actuator is longitudinal and symmetrical to Axial axis of the entrance extends.

Das Stellglied kann zumindest großenteils mit der Rohrverzweigung baulich vereinigt und mithin in der Rohrverzweigung integriert sein.The actuator can at least largely with the manifold structurally united and therefore in the branch pipe be integrated.

Das Stellglied ist mit Vorteil in Richtung seiner den Eingang großenteils verschließenden Schließstellung durch eine Feder, vorzugsweise eine Druckfeder, vorgespannt und bei vor dem Eingang erhöhtem Gegendruck des strömenden Abgases gegen die Kraft der Feder in eine den Eingang freigebende Öffnungsstellung bewegbar.The actuator is beneficial in the direction of its input largely closing position closed by a spring, preferably a compression spring, preloaded and before Input increased back pressure of the flowing exhaust gas against the Force of the spring in an opening releasing the input movable.

Das Stellglied besitzt zweckmäßigerweise einen mit dem Eingang in Eingriff bringbaren Schließkörper, der auf dem Umfang zumindest eine Einbuchtung, vorzugsweise zwei auf dem Umfang gleich verteilte Einbuchtungen, aufweist, und auch Axialdurchgänge vorgesehen sein können, die vorzugsweise über den Querschnitt des Schließkörpers gleich verteilt sind. Dadurch kann auch bei geschlossenem Stellglied Abgas durch den Schließkörper bei geringer Last bzw. geringer Drehzahl des Kraftfahrzeugmotors hindurchströmen. Erhöht sich die Last bzw. die Motordrehzahl, baut sich beim Stellglied ein größerer Strömungswiderstand bzw. Gegendruck auf, der dann durch Öffnung des Stellgliedes abgebaut bzw. nach oben begrenzt wird. The actuator has expediently one with the input engageable closing body, which on the perimeter at least one indentation, preferably two on the circumference equally distributed indentations, and also axial passages may be provided, preferably via the Cross section of the closing body are equally distributed. Thereby Can also with the actuator closed by the exhaust gas Closing body at low load or low speed of Run through the motor vehicle engine. Increases the load or the engine speed, the actuator builds a larger Flow resistance or back pressure, which then by Opening of the actuator degraded or limited upwards becomes.

Eine andere Variante sieht vor, daß das Stellglied einen mit dem Eingang in Eingriff bringbaren Schließkörper mit einem Durchmesser derart aufweist, daß in der Schließstellung ein Umfangsspalt zum Innendurchmesser des Eingangs frei bleibt. Der Umfangsspalt hat den gleichen Effekt wie vorgenannte Einbuchtungen oder Axialdurchgänge.Another variant provides that the actuator with a the input engageable closing body with a Diameter such that in the closed position a Circumference gap remains free to the inner diameter of the entrance. The circumferential gap has the same effect as the aforementioned indentations or axial passages.

Vorzugsweise ist das Stellglied ein Stellventil mit einem Ventilstößel, wobei der Schließkörper ein abgeflachter, konischer oder halbkugelförmiger Ventilteller bzw. Ventilkörper sein kann.Preferably, the actuator is a control valve with a Valve tappet, wherein the closing body is a flattened, conical or hemispherical valve disk or valve body can be.

Der Schließkörper einschließlich Einbuchtungen, etc. ist mit Vorteil stromlinienförmig aufgebaut, um Durchströmungsgeräusche beim Schließkörper schon auf diese Weise zu reduzieren.The closing body including indentations, etc. is with Advantage streamlined constructed to flow-through noise to reduce the closing body already in this way.

Das Stellglied ist in einer grundsätzlichen Ausführungsvariante ein passives Schaltelement, das durch die Kraft des Gegendrucks selbsttätig in seine Öffnungsstellung gelangt.The actuator is in a basic embodiment a passive switching element caused by the force of the back pressure automatically gets into its open position.

Dabei kann die Kraft des Gegendrucks vor dem Eingang der Rohrverzweigung direkt auf die der Abgasströmung ausgesetzte Querschnittfläche des Schließkörpers des Stellgliedes einwirken, um gegen die Kraft der Feder das Stellglied selbsttätig zu öffnen.The force of the back pressure before the entrance of the Pipe branching directly exposed to the exhaust gas flow Cross-sectional area of the closing body of the actuator act, in order against the force of the spring, the actuator automatically to open.

Eine andere Variante eines passiven Schaltelements sieht vor, daß die Kraft des Gegendrucks auf ein separates Betätigungselement des Stellglieds ausgeübt wird, welches seinerseits dann das Stellglied in seine Öffnungsstellung bewegt. In diesem Fall ist vorzugsweise das Betätigungselement eine Überdruckdose, wobei die Druckseite einer Membran in der Überdruckdose über eine Druckleitung mit dem Gegendruck vor dem Eingang der Rohrverzweigung verbunden ist, während auf der Niederdruckseite der Membran die Feder in der Überdruckdose angeordnet ist, und die Membranmitte mit dem Stellglied, insbesondere mit dem freien Ende des Ventilstößels eines Tellerventils, verbunden ist.Another variant of a passive switching element provides that the force of the back pressure on a separate actuator the actuator is exercised, which in turn then the actuator is moved to its open position. In this Case, the actuator is preferably a positive pressure can, where the pressure side of a membrane in the pressure box via a pressure line with the back pressure before Entrance of the branch pipe is connected while on the Low pressure side of the diaphragm the spring in the pressure box is arranged, and the diaphragm center with the actuator, in particular with the free end of the valve stem of a poppet valve, connected is.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist gegeben, wenn das Stellglied in einer weiteren grundsätzlichen Ausführungsvariante ein aktives Schaltelement ist und ein separates Betätigungselement aufweist, das von der Steuerelektronik des Kraftfahrzeugmotors bzw. vom Motormanagement ansteuerbar ist. In diesem Fall ist vorzugsweise das Betätigungselement eine Unterdruckdose, wobei die Niederdruckseite einer Membran in der Unterdruckdose über eine Steuerleitung mit einer Vakuumpumpe oder mit dem Saugrohr des Kraftfahrzeugmotors verbunden ist, und die Membranmitte mit dem Stellglied, insbesondere mit dem freien Ende des Ventilstößels eines Tellerventils, verbunden ist.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention given if the actuator in a further fundamental Embodiment variant is an active switching element and a separate actuator, that of the control electronics the motor vehicle engine or engine management is controllable. In this case, the actuating element is preferably a vacuum box, the low pressure side a diaphragm in the vacuum box via a control line with a vacuum pump or with the intake manifold of the motor vehicle engine connected, and the diaphragm center with the actuator, in particular with the free end of the valve stem of a Poppet valve, is connected.

Vorteilhafterweise weist die Druckseite der Membran der Unterdruckdose eine Gehäuse-Entlüftungsbohrung und mithin Atmosphärendruck auf oder ist ohne Gehäuseteil direkt der Atmosphäre ausgesetzt.Advantageously, the pressure side of the membrane of the vacuum unit a housing vent hole and therefore atmospheric pressure on or without housing part is directly the atmosphere exposed.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Feder auf der Niederdruckseite der Membran in der Unterdruckdose angeordnet ist, so daß sich eine kompakte Gesamtanordnung eines Betätigungselements ergibt.Conveniently, the spring on the low pressure side of Membrane is placed in the vacuum box, so that a results in a compact overall arrangement of an actuating element.

In der vorgenannten Steuerleitung kann sich zumindest ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares Schaltventil oder ein stufenlos regelbares Druckregelventil befinden, welches dann jeweils von der Steuerelektronik des Kraftfahrzeugmotors über eine elektrische Steuerleitung angesteuert ist.In the aforementioned control line may be at least one Electromagnetically actuated switching valve or a continuously variable adjustable pressure control valve are located, which then each from the control electronics of the motor vehicle engine via an electrical control line is activated.

Das elektromagnisch betätigbare Schaltventil kann ein an sich bekanntes 3/2-Wege-Ventil mit drei Anschlüssen und zwei Stellungen sein, wobei der erste Anschluß zum Saugrohr oder der Vakuumpumpe, der zweite Anschluß zur Niederdruckseite der Unterdruckdose und der dritte Anschluß zur Atmosphäre führt. The electromagnically actuated switching valve can be a per se well-known 3/2-way valve with three connections and two positions be, with the first connection to the intake manifold or the Vacuum pump, the second connection to the low pressure side of the vacuum box and the third connection leads to the atmosphere.

Dann ist in der ersten Ventilstellung der erste Anschluß mit dem zweiten Anschluß und in der zweiten Ventilstellung der zweite Anschluß mit dem dritten Anschluß verbunden.Then in the first valve position, the first connection with the second port and in the second valve position of the second terminal connected to the third terminal.

Es kann somit vorzugsweise bei einer Unterdruckdose als aktives Betätigungselement der Unterdruck dem Saugrohr des Motors entnommen oder über eine Vakuumpumpe erzeugt werden. Das vom Motormanagement angesteuerte Magnet-Umschaltventil bewirkt, daß die Membrandose mit Unterdruck (-> Ventil "AUF") oder mit Atmosphärendruck (Entlüftung -> Ventil "ZU") versorgt wird.It can thus preferably in a vacuum box as active Actuator of the vacuum of the intake manifold of the engine removed or generated by a vacuum pump. The from the Engine management actuated solenoid changeover valve causes that the diaphragm can with negative pressure (-> valve "OPEN") or with Atmospheric pressure (vent -> valve "CLOSED") is supplied.

Das Stellglied kann einen Ventilstößel aufweisen, der abgedichtet und verschieblich durch einen Dichtungsstopfen in einer Zwischenwand der Rohrverzweigung zwischen den beiden Ausgängen längs der Axialachse des Eingangs nach außen bis zu einem die Feder enthaltenden Federgehäuse geführt oder an der versteiften plattigen Membranmitte der Membran auf der Druckseite der Über- oder Unterdruckdose befestigt ist.The actuator may include a valve lifter which seals and displaceable by a sealing plug in one Intermediate wall of the pipe branch between the two outputs along the axial axis of the entrance to the outside up to guided a spring housing containing the spring or on the stiffen platy membrane center of the membrane on the pressure side the positive or negative pressure box is attached.

Dabei ist der Dichtungsstopfen vorzugsweise in einem hohlzylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt des Federgehäuses oder der Über- oder Unterdruckdose abgedichtet aufgenommen, und der Gehäuseabschnitt an der Zwischenwand befestigt.In this case, the sealing plug is preferably in a hollow cylindrical Housing section of the spring housing or the Über- or vacuum box sealed, and the housing section attached to the partition.

Das erfindungsgemäße Funktionsprinzip besteht im wesentlichen darin, dem Abgas über ein federbelastetes Ventil, welches vorzugsweise integraler Bestandteil einer Strömungsverzweigung ist, einen Widerstand entgegenzusetzen. Dies führt zu einer Verminderung der Pulsationen, was zu einer Verbesserung der Akustik (Mündungsgeräusch und/oder Fahrzeug-Innengeräusch) führt. Ab einer bestimmten Drehzahl/Last wird das Ventil geöffnet, so daß der (leistungsbeeinflussende) Gegendruck der Abgasanlage bei höheren Drehzahlen/Lasten ein bestimmtes Maß nicht überschreitet. Strömungsrauschen wird so ebenfalls vermieden bzw. vermindert. Die Umschaltung/Steuerung des Ventils kann grundsätzlich auf zwei Arten erfolgen: Die eine letztgenannte Art ist die Umschaltung/Steuerung mit Hilfe eines aktiven Schaltelements, nämlich über die Unterdruckdose je nach Einstellung der Steuerelektronik bzw. des Motormanagements.The functional principle according to the invention consists essentially in it, the exhaust via a spring-loaded valve, which preferably an integral part of a flow branching is to oppose a resistance. this leads to a reduction in pulsations, resulting in an improvement the acoustics (muzzle noise and / or vehicle interior noise) leads. From a certain speed / load is the Valve opened so that the (power-influencing) back pressure the exhaust system at higher speeds / loads a certain Does not exceed measure. Flow noise is so also avoided or reduced. The switching / control of the valve can basically be done in two ways: The latter type is the switching / control with Help an active switching element, namely on the vacuum box depending on the setting of the control electronics or the Engine management.

Die andere Art ist die Umschaltung/Steuerung mit Hilfe eines passiven Schaltelements unter Ausnützung des Gegendrucks vor dem Eingang der Rohrverzweigung, nämlich indirekt über das vorgenannte Betätigungselement der Überdruckdose, oder direkt nur über die Feder, die vorzugsweise eine Druckfeder ist. Bei kleinen Durchsätzen wird dann das Ventil über die Feder geschlossen gehalten. Mit steigendem Durchsatz beginnt das Ventil zu öffnen und verharrt, wenn die Federkraft so groß wie die auf den Ventilteller wirkende Strömungskraft ist. Mit diesem Konzept wird eine kontinuierliche Öffnung erreicht, und zwar völlig selbsttätig, also ohne übergeordnete Steuerung.The other type is the switching / control with the help of a passive switching element by utilizing the back pressure before the entrance of the branch pipe, namely indirectly via the aforementioned actuator of the pressure box, or directly only via the spring, which is preferably a compression spring. at small throughputs then the valve is closed by the spring held. With increasing throughput the valve starts to open and stay when the spring force is as great as the force acting on the valve disk flow force. With this concept achieves a continuous opening, and completely automatically, so without higher-level control.

Je nach individueller Ausführungsvariante können eine oder mehrere Federn in einem Paket vorgesehen sein. Einzelne Federn können auch eine unterschiedliche Federcharakteristik (linear, progressiv) besitzen. Gegebenenfalls kann auch bei einer Feder die Federabstützung in Axialrichtung der Feder verstellt werden, um eine gewünschte Feder- bzw. Schließkraft beim Stellglied einzurichten.Depending on the individual design variant, one or more be provided several springs in a package. Single feathers can also have a different spring characteristic (linear, progressive). Optionally, also at a spring, the spring support in the axial direction of the spring be adjusted to a desired spring or closing force to set up the actuator.

Die erfindungsgemäße Strömungsverzweigung mit integrierter Drossel besitzt also zusammenfassend folgende Merkmale:

  • Anpassung des Abgasgegendruckes im Bereich der Strömungsverzweigung durch veränderlichen Strömungswiderstand.
  • Regulierung des Strömungswiderstandes durch ein axial angeordnetes aktives Schaltelement.
  • Betätigung des Schaltelements vorzugsweise durch Unterdruckdose. Die Ansteuerung erfolgt über das Motormanagement.
  • Betätigung des federbelasteten Schaltelements über Abgasgegendruck. Dadurch kontinuierliche Öffnung des Schaltelements.
  • Das Schaltelement kann als Ventilteller mit einem Abstand zum Gehäuse ausgebildet sein. Alternativ kann das Schaltelement ein eng anliegender Ventilteller zum Gehäuse mit einem oder mehreren Aussparungen sein. Die Form des Ventiltellers kann sowohl abgeflacht, keglig, halbkugelförmig, etc. sein.
  • Bei niedrigem Abgasgegendruck geringer Strömungsdurchsatz im Bereich der Strömungsverzweigung und dadurch akustische Verbesserung hauptsächlich im tieffrequenten Bereich.
  • Gegenüber Lösungen mit in Schalldämpfern integrierten Ventilen der eingangs genannten bekannten Art wird die Verteilung der Volumenströme (links/rechts) nicht beeinflußt.
  • Möglicher Entfall eines Mittelschalldämpfers.
The flow branching with integrated throttle according to the invention thus has the following features in summary:
  • Adaptation of the exhaust backpressure in the area of flow branching by variable flow resistance.
  • Regulation of the flow resistance by an axially arranged active switching element.
  • Actuation of the switching element, preferably by vacuum box. The control takes place via the engine management.
  • Actuation of the spring-loaded switching element via exhaust back pressure. As a result, continuous opening of the switching element.
  • The switching element may be formed as a valve disc with a distance from the housing. Alternatively, the switching element may be a close-fitting valve disk to the housing with one or more recesses. The shape of the valve disk may be both flattened, conical, hemispherical, etc.
  • At low exhaust backpressure, low flow rate in the area of flow branching and thereby acoustic enhancement mainly in the low frequency range.
  • Compared to solutions with integrated in mufflers valves of the aforementioned known type, the distribution of the flow rates (left / right) is not affected.
  • Possible omission of a central silencer.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügte Zeichnung näher erläutert; es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Doppelschalldämpferanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges schematisch in einer Draufsicht und teilweise im Schnitt im Bereich einer Rohrverzweigung,
Figur 2
die Rohrverzweigung nach Figur 1 in größerer Einzelheit,
Figur 3
die Rohrverzweigung nach Figur 2 in einer schematischen Stirnansicht,
Figur 4
eine andere Rohrverzweigung ähnlich Figur 2,
Figur 5
die Rohrverzweigung nach Figur 4 in einer schematischen Stirnansicht,
Figur 6
ein bei der Erfindung verwendetes elektromagnetisch betätigbares 3/2-Wege-Ventil in der einen Schaltstellung,
Figur 7
das 3/2-Wege-Ventil nach Figur 6 in der anderen Schaltstellung, und
Figur 8
eine mögliche dritte Schaltstellung eines Ventils grundsätzlich nach Art der Figuren 6 und 7.
The invention will be explained in more detail by means of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings; show it:
FIG. 1
a double silencer system of a motor vehicle schematically in a plan view and partly in section in the region of a branch pipe,
FIG. 2
the pipe branch of Figure 1 in greater detail,
FIG. 3
the pipe branch of Figure 2 in a schematic end view,
FIG. 4
another pipe branch similar to Figure 2,
FIG. 5
the pipe branch of Figure 4 in a schematic end view,
FIG. 6
an electromagnetically actuated 3/2-way valve used in the invention in the one switching position,
FIG. 7
the 3/2-way valve of Figure 6 in the other switching position, and
FIG. 8
a possible third switching position of a valve basically according to the type of Figures 6 and 7.

Gemäß Zeichnung umfaßt eine Schalldämpferanlage 1 eines Kraftfahrzeuges zwei Schalldämpfer 2, 3 und ein Stellglied 4 zur Veränderung des Strömungswiderstands des durchströmenden Abgases zwecks Veränderung der Dämpfungscharakteristik.Referring to the drawing, a muffler system 1 comprises a Motor vehicle two silencers 2, 3 and an actuator 4 for changing the flow resistance of the flowing through Exhaust gas for the purpose of changing the damping characteristic.

Das Stellglied 4 ist in einer Strömungsverzweigung 5 mit einem Eingang 6 und zwei Ausgängen 7, 8 vorgesehen, wobei jeder Ausgang 7 bzw. 8 über eine Rohrleitung 9 bzw. 10 mit einem Schalldämpfer 2 bzw. 3 verbunden und durch das Stellglied der Durchströmungsquerschnitt D des Eingangs 6 veränderbar ist. Die beiden Schalldämpfer 2, 3 sind gleich aufgebaut. Die Rohrleitungen 9, 10 besitzen einen gleichen Durchströmungsquerschnitt. Die Ausgänge 7, 8 der Rohrverzweigung 5 sind symmetrisch zur Axialachse 11 des Eingangs 6 der Rohrverzweigung gelegen, wobei sich das Stellglied 4 längs und symmetrisch zur Axialachse des Eingangs erstreckt. Das Stellglied 4 ist großenteils mit der Rohrverzweigung baulich vereinigt. The actuator 4 is in a flow branch 5 with a Input 6 and two outputs 7, 8 provided, each Output 7 or 8 via a pipe 9 or 10 with a Silencer 2 or 3 connected and by the actuator of the Flow cross-section D of the input 6 is variable. The two silencers 2, 3 are the same. The Pipes 9, 10 have a same flow cross-section. The outputs 7, 8 of the manifold 5 are symmetrical to the axial axis 11 of the input 6 of the manifold located, wherein the actuator 4 is longitudinal and symmetrical extends to the axial axis of the entrance. The actuator 4 is largely structurally associated with the pipe branch.

Die Anlage ist als Doppelschalldämpferanlage eines einzigen Kraftfahrzeuges aufgebaut.The plant is as a double muffler system of a single Motor vehicle built.

Der zum Fahrzeug gehörige nicht veranschaulichte Kraftfahrzeugmotor ist ein leistungsstarker Antrieb. Er besitzt ein Saugrohr, das über eine Saug- bzw. Steuerleitung 20 mit einem separaten Betätigungselement 16 des Stellgliedes 4 verbunden ist. In der Steuerleitung 20 befindet sich ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares 3/2-Wege-Ventil, wie es in den Figuren 6 und 7 dargestellt ist. Das 3/2-Wege-Ventil besitzt seinerseits eine elektrische Steuerleitung, die mit einer nicht veranschaulichten Steuerelektronik des Kraftfahrzeugmotors verbunden ist. Auf die Funktionsweise des 3/2-Wege-Ventils wird später noch eingegangen.The vehicle associated not illustrated motor vehicle engine is a powerful drive. He owns one Suction pipe, which via a suction or control line 20 with a separate actuator 16 of the actuator 4 is connected is. In the control line 20 is an electromagnetic operable 3/2-way valve, as shown in Figures 6 and FIG. 7 is shown. The 3/2-way valve has its part an electrical control line that does not have one illustrated control electronics of the motor vehicle engine connected is. On the functioning of the 3/2-way valve will be discussed later.

Im besonderen ist das Stellglied 4 in Richtung seiner den Eingang 6 großenteils verschließenden Schließstellung durch eine Feder 12 in Form einer Druckfeder vorgespannt und bei vor dem Eingang 6 erhöhtem Gegendruck p des strömenden Abgases gegen die Kraft der Druckfeder in eine den Eingang freigebende Öffnungsstellung bewegbar.In particular, the actuator 4 is in the direction of his Entrance 6 largely occlusive closed position by a spring 12 biased in the form of a compression spring and at in front of the entrance 6 increased back pressure p of the flowing exhaust gas against the force of the compression spring in a release the input Opening position movable.

Das Stellglied weist einen mit dem Eingang in Eingriff bringbaren Schließkörper mit einem Durchmesser derart auf, daß in der Schließstellung ein Umfangsspalt s zum Innendurchmesser des Eingangs 5 frei bleibt. Diese Ausführungsvariante ist in den Figuren 2 und 3 gezeigt. Sie veranschaulicht, daß auch in der an sich geschlossenen Schließstellung des Stellgliedes ein ringförmiger Durchströmungsraum für das Abgas im Bereich des ansonsten verschlossenen Eingangs 6 der Rohrverzweigung 5 in jedem Betriebsfall der Schalldämpferanlage 1 offen bleibt.The actuator has a engageable with the input Locking body with a diameter such that in the closed position a circumferential gap s to the inner diameter the input 5 remains free. This variant is in Figures 2 and 3 shown. She illustrates that also in the self-contained closed position of the actuator an annular flow space for the exhaust gas in the area the otherwise closed entrance 6 of the manifold 5 in each case of operation of the muffler system 1 remains open.

Anstelle oder in Ergänzung des Umfangsspalts s kann der Schließkörper 14 auf dem Umfang zumindest eine Einbuchtung 15, vorzugsweise zwei auf dem Umfang gleich verteilte Einbuchtungen 15, gemäß den Figuren 4 und 5 besitzen. Abgesehen von den vorgenannten Einbuchten 15 kann sich ein Schließkörper in der Schließstellung des Stellglieds auf einem Umfangsrand des Eingangs der Rohrverzweigung abstützen und als Führung und insbesondere als Endanschlag der Schließstellung des Stellglieds dienen. Der Umfangsrand ist im Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 4 und 5 ein Ventilsitz 26 in Form eines erweiterten gestuften Abschnitts in der Gehäusewand im Bereich des Eingangs der Rohrverzweigung 5.Instead of or in addition to the circumferential gap s, the Closing body 14 on the circumference at least one indentation 15, preferably two equally distributed on the circumference indentations 15, according to Figures 4 and 5 have. apart of the aforementioned Einbuchten 15 may be a closing body in the closed position of the actuator on a peripheral edge support the entrance of the pipe branch and as a guide and in particular as an end stop of the closed position of Serving actuator. The peripheral edge is in the embodiment according to Figures 4 and 5, a valve seat 26 in the form of a extended stepped section in the housing wall in the Area of the entrance of the pipe branch 5.

Das Stellglied 4 ist ein Stellventil mit einem Ventilstößel 13, wobei der Schließkörper 14 ein abgeflachter Ventilteller ist, der auf seiner Anströmungsseite leicht konisch und auf dem Umfangsrand strömungsgünstig mit Rundungen versehen ist. Die Endstellungen des Stellventils, d.h. die Schließstellung und die Öffnungsstellung, sind durch das separate Betätigungselement 16 festgelegt, auf das noch eingegangen wird.The actuator 4 is a control valve with a valve lifter 13, wherein the closing body 14 is a flattened valve plate is slightly conical and on its upstream side the peripheral edge is aerodynamically provided with curves. The end positions of the control valve, i. the closed position and the open position, are by the separate actuator 16, which will be discussed later.

Das Stellglied 4 kann ein passives Schaltelement sein, das durch die Kraft des Gegendrucks p selbsttätig in seine Öffnungsstellung gelangt. Die Kraft des Gegendrucks p wirkt dann direkt auf die der Abgasströmung S ausgesetzte Querschnittfläche des Schließkörpers 14 des Stellgliedes 4 gegen die Kraft der Druckfeder 12.The actuator 4 may be a passive switching element, the by the force of the back pressure p automatically into its open position arrives. The force of the back pressure p then acts directly on the exhaust gas flow S exposed cross-sectional area the closing body 14 of the actuator 4 against the Force of the compression spring 12th

Im veranschaulichten Fall der Figuren 2 und 3 ist jedoch das Stellglied 4 ein aktives Schaltelement, wobei die Kraft des Gegendrucks p auf das separate Betätigungselement 16 des Stellglieds 4 wirkt, welches seinerseits das Stellglied 4 in seine Öffnungsstellung bewegt.In the illustrated case of FIGS. 2 and 3, however, this is Actuator 4 an active switching element, wherein the force of Gegenrucks p on the separate actuator 16 of the Actuator 4 acts, which in turn the actuator 4 in moves its open position.

Das separate Betätigungselement 16 ist im besonderen eine Unterdruckdose, wobei die Niederdruckseite 18 einer Membran 19 in der Unterdruckdose über die Steuerleitung 20 mit einer Vakuumpumpe oder mit dem vorgenannten Saugrohr des Kraftfahrzeugmotors verbunden ist, und es ist die versteifte plattige kreisrunde Membranmitte mit dem freien Ende des Ventilstößels 13 eines Tellerventils verbunden, welches dem Schließglied abgewandt ist.The separate actuator 16 is in particular a vacuum box, wherein the low pressure side 18 of a membrane 19 in the vacuum box via the control line 20 with a vacuum pump or with the aforementioned intake manifold of the motor vehicle engine is connected, and it is the stiffened platy circular diaphragm center with the free end of the valve lifter 13 of a poppet valve connected to the closing member turned away.

Die Druckseite 17 auf der anderen Seite der Membran 19 der Unterdruckdose weist eine Gehäuse-Entlüftungsbohrung und mithin Atmosphärendruck auf oder ist direkt der Atmosphäre ausgesetzt.The pressure side 17 on the other side of the membrane 19 of the Vacuum box has a housing vent hole and thus Atmospheric pressure on or is directly exposed to the atmosphere.

Die Druckfeder 12 ist auf der Niederdruckseite 18 der Membran 19 in der Unterdruckdose längs der Axialachse 11 angeordnet. Sie stützt sich einerseits axial auf der plattigen Membranmitte 28 und andererseits auf einem zentralen Formsitz in der Unterdruckdose ab. Die Druckfeder ist in der Unterdruckdose mit Vorspannung zentrisch eingespannt. In der Schließstellung des Tellerventils nach Figur 2 schlägt die Membranmitte 28 an einen abgestuften Axialanschlag des Gehäuse der Unterdruckdose an. Das Gehäuse besitzt einen integralen hohlzylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt 29, der sich koaxial in Richtung des Schließkörpers mit Abstand zum Ventilstößel 13 erstreckt und durch einen zentralen Durchbruch in einer Zwischenwand 25 der Rohrverzweigung 5 gerade bis ins Innere der Rohrverzweigung hineinreicht und mit der Zwischenwand befestigt ist.The compression spring 12 is on the low pressure side 18 of the membrane 19 arranged in the vacuum box along the axial axis 11. It relies on the one hand axially on the flat membrane center 28 and on the other hand on a central mold seat in the Vacuum box off. The compression spring is in the vacuum box Centrally clamped with preload. In the closed position of the poppet valve of Figure 2 strikes the diaphragm center 28 at a stepped axial stop of the housing of the vacuum unit at. The housing has an integral hollow cylindrical Housing portion 29, which is coaxial in the direction of Closing body extends at a distance from the valve stem 13 and through a central opening in an intermediate wall 25 of the Pipe branching 5 straight into the interior of the pipe branch extends and is secured with the intermediate wall.

Das Stellglied 4 weist gemäß Figur 2 einen Ventilstößel 13 auf, der abgedichtet und verschieblich durch einen Dichtungsstopfen 27 in der vorgenannten Zwischenwand 25 der Rohrverzweigung 5 zwischen den beiden Ausgängen 7, 8 längs der Axialachse 11 des Eingangs 6 nach außen bis zu dem die Druckfeder enthaltenden Gehäuse der Unterdruckdose geführt ist, wobei der Ventilstößel 13 an der versteiften plattigen Membranmitte 28 der Membran 19 auf der Druckseite der Unterdruckdose befestigt ist.The actuator 4 has, according to FIG. 2, a valve tappet 13 which is sealed and displaceable by a sealing plug 27 in the above intermediate wall 25 of the manifold 5 between the two outputs 7, 8 along the Axial axis 11 of the input 6 to the outside to which the compression spring containing housing of the vacuum cell is guided, wherein the valve stem 13 at the stiffened platy membrane center 28 of the diaphragm 19 on the pressure side of the vacuum unit is attached.

Der Dichtungsstopfen 27 ist im hohlzylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt 29 des Gehäuses der Unterdruckdose abgedichtet aufgenommen. The sealing plug 27 is in the hollow cylindrical housing portion 29 of the housing of the vacuum unit sealed.

Das in der Steuerleitung 20 angeordnete elektromagnetisch betätigbare Schaltventil 21 in Form eines 3/2-Wege-Ventils gemäß den Figuren 6 und 7 besitzt einen ersten Anschluß 22 zum Saugrohr des Kraftfahrzeugmotors, einen zweiten Anschluß 23 zur Niederdruckseite 18 der Unterdruckdose und einem dritten Anschluß 24 zur Atmosphäre, wobei in der einen (ersten) Ventilstellung der erste Anschluß 22 mit dem zweiten Anschluß 23 und in der anderen (zweiten) Ventilstellung der zweite Anschluß 23 mit dem dritten Anschluß 24 verbunden ist. Die erste Ventilstellung ist in Figur 6 gezeigt. Die zweite Ventilstellung ist in Figur 7 veranschaulicht.The arranged in the control line 20 electromagnetically actuated Switching valve 21 in the form of a 3/2-way valve according to Figures 6 and 7 has a first terminal 22 for Suction tube of the motor vehicle engine, a second terminal 23rd to the low pressure side 18 of the vacuum box and a third Connection 24 to the atmosphere, wherein in the one (first) valve position the first terminal 22 to the second terminal 23rd and in the other (second) valve position, the second port 23 is connected to the third terminal 24. The first Valve position is shown in Figure 6. The second valve position is illustrated in FIG.

Ersichtlich kann also bei der vorgenannten Unterdruckdose als aktives Betätigungselement der Unterdruck dem Saugrohr des Motors entnommen werden. Das vom Motormanagement angesteuerte Magnet-Umschaltventil bewirkt, daß die Membrandose mit Unterdruck (-> Ventil "AUF") oder mit Atmosphärendruck (Entlüftung -> Ventil "ZU") versorgt wird.So it can be seen in the aforementioned vacuum box as Active actuator of the vacuum of the suction pipe of the Motors are removed. That controlled by the engine management Solenoid changeover valve causes the diaphragm can with negative pressure (-> valve "OPEN") or with atmospheric pressure (vent -> valve "CLOSED").

In Figur 8 ist ein Umschaltventil grundsätzlich der vorgenannten Art in einer dritten Schaltstellung gezeigt, in der das Ventil nicht nur gemäß Figur 6 zum Saugrohr durchgeschaltet und gemäß Figur 7 in eine Entlüftungsstellung geschaltet ist, sondern in der dritten Schaltstellung sowohl zum Saugrohr als auch zur Atmosphäre geschlossen gehalten werden kann. Ein derartiges Ventil ermöglicht auch ein Halten eines mittleren Vakuums in der Unterdruckdose, was gleichbedeutend mit dem Halten einer mittleren Stellung des Schließkörpers 14 ist. Es können bei einer derartigen Ausführungsvariante beliebig viele Zwischenstellungen eines Schließkörpers 14 eingestellt werden, und es kann mithin das Stellglied 4 intermittierend oder nahezu stufenlos geschaltet bzw. geregelt werden. In FIG. 8, a changeover valve is basically the aforementioned one Art shown in a third switching position, in the the valve is not only switched through according to Figure 6 to the intake manifold and switched according to Figure 7 in a venting position is, but in the third switching position both to the intake manifold as well as being closed to the atmosphere can. Such a valve also allows holding a medium vacuum in the vacuum box, which is synonymous with the holding of a middle position of the closing body 14 is. It can in such a variant of any set many intermediate positions of a closing body 14 Consequently, the actuator 4 can intermittently or almost infinitely switched or regulated become.

Auch kann vorgesehen sein, in der Steuerleitung 20 von der Unterdruckdose zum Saugrohr oder der Vakuumpumpe nicht nur ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares 3/2-Wege-Ventil 21 nach den Figuren 6 und 7, sondern in der Steuerleitung 20 zwischen dem Anschluß 23 und der Unterdruckdose zusätzlich ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares Ein-Aus-Ventil anzuordnen. Auch dann kann bei einem in der in Figur 6 gezeigten durchgeschalteten Schaltstellung des 3/2-Wege-Ventils 21 die Steuerleitung 20 durch Schalten des vorgenannten Ein-Aus-Ventils in die Sperrstellung ein mittleres Vakuum in der Steuerleitung 20 gehalten und dadurch auch der Schließkörper 14 des Stellglieds 4 in einer Zwischenstellung gehalten werden.Also, it may be provided in the control line 20 of the Vacuum box to the intake manifold or the vacuum pump not only an electromagnetically actuated 3/2-way valve 21 after Figures 6 and 7, but in the control line 20 between the terminal 23 and the vacuum unit additionally an electromagnetic operable on-off valve to arrange. Also then, in a through-connected manner shown in FIG Switching position of the 3/2-way valve 21, the control line 20 by switching the aforementioned on-off valve in the blocking position a medium vacuum in the control line 20 and thereby also the closing body 14 of the actuator 4 are held in an intermediate position.

Das erfindungsgemäße Funktionsprinzip besteht also im wesentlichen darin, dem Abgas über ein federbelastetes Ventil, welches vorzugsweise integraler Bestandteil einer Strömungsverzweigung ist, einen Widerstand entgegenzusetzen. Dies führt zu einer Verminderung der Pulsationen, was zu einer Verbesserung der Akustik (Mündungsgeräusch und/oder Fahrzeug-Innengeräusch) führt. Ab einer bestimmten Drehzahl/Last wird das Ventil geöffnet, so daß der (leistungsbeeinflussende) Gegendruck der Abgasanlage bei höheren Drehzahlen/Lasten ein bestimmtes Maß nicht überschreitet. Strömungsrauschen wird so ebenfalls vermieden bzw. vermindert. Die Umschaltung/Steuerung des Ventils kann grundsätzlich auf zwei Arten erfolgen:The functional principle according to the invention thus essentially exists in it, the exhaust via a spring-loaded valve, which preferably an integral part of a flow branching is to oppose a resistance. this leads to to a reduction of the pulsations, resulting in an improvement the acoustics (muzzle noise and / or vehicle interior noise) leads. From a certain speed / load is the Valve opened so that the (power-influencing) back pressure the exhaust system at higher speeds / loads a certain Does not exceed measure. Flow noise is so also avoided or reduced. The switching / control of the valve can basically be done in two ways:

Die eine letztgenannte Art ist die Umschaltung/Steuerung mit Hilfe eines aktiven Schaltelements, nämlich über die Unterdruckdose je nach Einstellung der Steuerelektronik bzw. des Motormanagements.The latter type is the switching / control with Help an active switching element, namely on the vacuum box depending on the setting of the control electronics or the Engine management.

Die andere Art ist die Umschaltung/Steuerung mit Hilfe eines passiven Schaltelements unter Ausnützung des Gegendrucks vor dem Eingang der Rohrverzweigung, nämlich direkt nur über die Druckfeder unter Weglassung der Unterdruckdose. Bei kleinen Durchsätzen wird das Ventil über die Druckfeder geschlossen gehalten. Mit steigendem Durchsatz beginnt das Ventil zu öffnen und verharrt, wenn die Federkraft so groß wie die auf den Ventilteller wirkende Strömungskraft ist. Mit diesem Konzept wird eine kontinuierliche Öffnung erreicht, und zwar völlig selbsttätig, also ohne übergeordnete Steuerung.The other type is the switching / control with the help of a passive switching element by utilizing the back pressure before the entrance of the branch pipe, namely directly over the Compression spring omitting the vacuum box. In small Throughputs, the valve is closed by the compression spring held. With increasing throughput the valve starts to open and persists when the spring force is as big as that on the Valve plate acting flow force is. With this concept a continuous opening is achieved, completely automatically, ie without higher-level control.

Je nach individueller Ausführungsvariante können eine oder mehrere Federn in einem Paket vorgesehen sein. Einzelne Federn können auch eine unterschiedliche Federcharakteristik (linear, progressiv) besitzen. Gegebenenfalls kann auch bei einer Feder die Federabstützung in Axialrichtung der Feder verstellt werden, um eine gewünschte Feder- bzw. Schließkraft beim Stellglied einzurichten.Depending on the individual design variant, one or more be provided several springs in a package. Single feathers can also have a different spring characteristic (linear, progressive). Optionally, also at a spring, the spring support in the axial direction of the spring be adjusted to a desired spring or closing force to set up the actuator.

Ein passives Schaltelement kann auch eine Überdruckdose sein, wobei die Kraft des Gegendrucks p indirekt in der Überdruckdose aktiviert wird, um das Stellglied 4 in seine Öffnungsstellung zu bewegen. Die Überdruckdose ist so konzipiert, daß die Druckseite 17 der Membran in der Überdruckdose über eine nicht veranschaulichte Druckleitung mit dem Gegendruck p vor dem Eingang der Rohrverzweigung verbunden ist, während auf der Niederdruckseite 18 der Membran die Druckfeder in der Überdruckdose angeordnet ist, und die Membranmitte mit dem Stellglied, insbesondere mit dem freien Ende des Ventilstößels 13 eines Tellerventils, verbunden ist.A passive switching element can also be an overpressure can wherein the force of the back pressure p indirectly in the pressure box is activated to the actuator 4 in its open position to move. The pressure box is designed so that the pressure side 17 of the membrane in the pressure box over a not illustrated pressure line with the back pressure p before connected to the entrance of the pipe branch while on the low pressure side 18 of the diaphragm, the compression spring in the Overpressure box is arranged, and the diaphragm center with the Actuator, in particular with the free end of the valve stem 13 a poppet valve is connected.

Claims (22)

  1. Automotive exhaust silencer system (1), with two exhaust silencers (2, 3) and an actuator (4) for changing the flow resistance of the exhaust gas flowing through, for the purpose of changing the damping characteristics, the actuator (4) being provided in a flow branch (5) with an inlet (6) and two outlets (7, 8), each outlet (7 or 8) being connected via one pipe (9 or 10) in each case to one exhaust silencer (2 or 3) in each case, characterized in that the throughflow cross section (D) of the inlet (6) can be changed by the actuator (4).
  2. Exhaust silencer system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two exhaust silencers (2, 3) are of identical construction.
  3. Exhaust silencer system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pipes (9, 10) have an identical throughflow cross section.
  4. Exhaust silencer system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outlets (7, 8) of the pipe branch (5) are positioned symmetrically with respect to the axial axis (11) of the inlet (6) of the pipe branch, with the actuator (4) extending longitudinally and symmetrically with respect to the axial axis of the inlet.
  5. Exhaust silencer system according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the actuator (4) is for at least the most part structurally combined with the pipe branch.
  6. Exhaust silencer system according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the actuator (4) is prestressed in the direction of its closed position, which largely closes the inlet (6), by means of a spring (12), preferably a compression spring, and, if the counterpressure (p) of the flowing exhaust gas is increased upstream of the inlet (6), can be moved counter to the force of the spring into an opening position opening up the inlet.
  7. Exhaust silencer system according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the actuator (4) has a closing body (14) which can be brought into engagement with the inlet and, on the circumference, has at least one indentation (15), preferably two indentations (15) distributed equally on the circumference.
  8. Exhaust silencer system according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the actuator (4) has a closing body (14) which can be brought into engagement with the inlet and has axial passages which are preferably distributed equally over the cross section of the closing body.
  9. Exhaust silencer system according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the actuator has a closing body which can be brought into engagement with the inlet and has a diameter in such a manner that, in the closed position, a circumferential gap (s) from the inside diameter of the inlet (5) remains free.
  10. Exhaust silencer system according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the actuator (4) is a control valve with a valve tappet (13), the closing body (14) being a flattened conical or semispherical valve disc or valve body.
  11. Exhaust silencer system according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the actuator (4) is a passive switching element and passes automatically into its opening position by the force of the counterpressure (p).
  12. Exhaust silencer system according to Claim 11, characterized in that the force of the counterpressure (p) is exerted directly on that cross-sectional surface of the closing body (14) of the actuator (4) which is exposed to the exhaust gas flow (S), counter to the force of the spring (12).
  13. Exhaust silencer system according to Claim 11, characterized in that the force of the counterpressure (p) is exerted on a separate actuating element (16) of the actuator (4) that moves the actuator (4) into its opening position.
  14. Exhaust silencer system according to Claim 13, characterized in that the actuating element is a positive-pressure cell, with the pressure side (17) of a membrane in the positive-pressure cell being connected via a pressure line to the counterpressure (p) upstream of the inlet of the pipe branch while, on the low-pressure side (18) of the membrane, the spring (12) is arranged in the positive-pressure cell, and the centre of the membrane is connected to the actuator, in particular to the free end of the valve tappet (13) of a disc valve.
  15. Exhaust silencer system according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the actuator (4) is an active switching element and has a separate actuating element (16) which can be activated by the electronic control system of the motor vehicle engine.
  16. Exhaust silencer system according to Claim 15, characterized in that the actuating element (16) is a negative-pressure cell, with the low-pressure side (18) of a membrane (19) in the negative-pressure cell being connected via a control line (20) to a vacuum pump or to the intake pipe of the motor vehicle engine, and the centre of the membrane being connected to the actuator (4), in particular to the free end of the valve tappet (13) of a disc valve.
  17. Exhaust silencer system according to Claim 16, characterized in that the pressure side (17) of the membrane (19) of the negative-pressure cell has a housing vent hole and therefore atmospheric pressure or is exposed directly to the atmosphere.
  18. Exhaust silencer system according to Claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the spring (12) is arranged on the low-pressure side (18) of the membrane (19) in the negative-pressure cell.
  19. Exhaust silencer system according to one of Claims 16 to 18, characterized in that at least one electromagnetically actuable switching valve (21) or a pressure control valve which can be controlled continuously is arranged in the control line (20) and is activated in each case by the electronic control system of the motor vehicle engine.
  20. Exhaust silencer system according to Claim 19, characterized in that the electromagnetically actuable switching valve (21) is a 3/2-way directional control valve and has a first connection (22) to the intake pipe or to the vacuum pump, a second connection (23) to the low-pressure side (18) of the negative-pressure cell and a third connection (24) to the atmosphere, the first connection (22) being connected to the second connection (23) in a first valve position, and the second connection (23) being connected to the third connection (24) in a second valve position.
  21. Exhaust silencer system according to one of Claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the actuator (4) has a valve tappet (13) which is guided in a sealed and displaceable manner by means of sealing stopper (27) in an intermediate wall (25) of the pipe branch (5) between the two outlets (7, 8) along the axial axis (11) of the inlet (6) to the outside as far as a spring housing containing the spring (12), or is fastened to the stiffened, plate-like centre (28) of the membrane (19) on the pressure side (17) of the positive-pressure or negative-pressure cell.
  22. Exhaust silencer system according to Claim 21, characterized in that the sealing stopper (27) is accommodated in a sealed manner in a hollow-cylindrical housing section (29) of the spring housing or of the positive-pressure or negative-pressure cell, and the housing section (29) is fastened to the intermediate wall (25).
EP01947243A 2000-04-26 2001-04-26 Automotive exhaust silencer system with variable damping characteristics Expired - Lifetime EP1278945B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10020491 2000-04-26
DE10020491A DE10020491A1 (en) 2000-04-26 2000-04-26 Muffler system of a motor vehicle with variable damping characteristics
PCT/EP2001/004694 WO2001081734A1 (en) 2000-04-26 2001-04-26 Automotive exhaust silencer system with variable damping characteristics

Publications (2)

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EP1278945A1 EP1278945A1 (en) 2003-01-29
EP1278945B1 true EP1278945B1 (en) 2005-09-07

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EP01947243A Expired - Lifetime EP1278945B1 (en) 2000-04-26 2001-04-26 Automotive exhaust silencer system with variable damping characteristics

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US (1) US7040451B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1278945B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE304118T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10020491A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001081734A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE304118T1 (en) 2005-09-15
EP1278945A1 (en) 2003-01-29
US7040451B2 (en) 2006-05-09
DE10020491A1 (en) 2002-03-14
WO2001081734A1 (en) 2001-11-01
US20020175022A1 (en) 2002-11-28
DE50107367D1 (en) 2005-10-13

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