EP1275931A1 - Dispositif d'allumage pour microcharges pyrotechniques - Google Patents

Dispositif d'allumage pour microcharges pyrotechniques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1275931A1
EP1275931A1 EP02291677A EP02291677A EP1275931A1 EP 1275931 A1 EP1275931 A1 EP 1275931A1 EP 02291677 A EP02291677 A EP 02291677A EP 02291677 A EP02291677 A EP 02291677A EP 1275931 A1 EP1275931 A1 EP 1275931A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductive
charge
pyrotechnic charge
pyrotechnic
ignition device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02291677A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1275931B1 (fr
Inventor
Denis Roller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Ceramics SA
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs filed Critical Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
Publication of EP1275931A1 publication Critical patent/EP1275931A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1275931B1 publication Critical patent/EP1275931B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/12—Primers; Detonators electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/085—Primers for caseless ammunition

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of devices for igniting pyrotechnic charges, and especially those involving a device heating.
  • the ignition devices according to the invention are particularly suitable for pyrotechnic charges of small size like, for example, those which are involved in microvalves or micropumps and which are described in patent FR 2 774 684. These charges small pyrotechnics can also be find in other areas of application such as micro-propulsion for positioning satellites, fuel cells, or micro-heaters.
  • Charge ignition devices pyrotechnics including a heating device already exist and have been the subject of numerous patents.
  • One of the most commonly used is the device involving a conventional resistive heating element, like a hot wire powered by an electric current.
  • conductive fluid is meant materials such than conductive ink, paint or varnish.
  • the ignition device according to the invention remains efficient at low energy, without causing damage particular to the parts or walls constituting the immediate environment of the charge.
  • the object of the present invention relates to a device for igniting a solid pyrotechnic charge, comprising a conductive track characterized in that said track is constituted by a conductive fluid at least partially deposited on the load pyrotechnic.
  • the device ignition is intimately linked to the pyrotechnic charge and remains completely independent of the environment immediate of said charge.
  • the conductive fluid is deposited by serigraphy.
  • the conductive fluid is an ink conductive and the conductive track is produced by jet of said ink.
  • the pyrotechnic charge is deposited on a solid support and the track conductive is in contact only with said load.
  • the support comprises a cavity and the pyrotechnic charge, which is in the form of a film, covers said cavity.
  • the pyrotechnic charge is based on nitrocellulose.
  • the cavity constitutes a free space between the charge pyrotechnic and support, further reducing plus any heat exchange by conduction between these two elements.
  • This configuration is particularly suitable for very small objects not exceeding a few millimeters, since at these orders of magnitude, the pyrotechnic charge can be deposited on the cavity in the form of a drop which will spread thanks to the film-forming capacity of said charge.
  • the invention also relates to a method of creation of a charge ignition device pyrotechnic, characterized in that the deposition of the fluid conductor is carried directly on the load pyrotechnic.
  • the deposit is produced by screen printing.
  • the conductive fluid is a conductive ink and the deposit is produced by spraying said ink.
  • the ignition devices according to the invention have the advantage of being able to be manufactured in large series thanks to their great simplicity of implementation artwork. In addition, they provide great flexibility according to the characteristics of the pyrotechnic charge, whether at its composition or at the level of its geometry. Indeed, in depending on the texture of the filler, the fluid conductor can be more or less thick and depending on the type of ignition sought, the conductive track can take a particular form and be more or less spread. Finally, the pyrotechnic charge and the track conductive form a monobloc and autonomous unit, which can be integrated as is in a microcircuit preexisting.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a device ignition according to the invention for a support having a cavity.
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the device Figure 1.
  • the charge pyrotechnic 1, which contains nitrocellulose is deposited on a cylindrical cavity 4 of 1.5mm diameter, hollowed out in a polycarbonate support 3.
  • the charge 1 is found in the form of a discoid film whose thickness of 5 ⁇ m could be between 1 and 100 ⁇ m.
  • the conductive track 2 results from the deposition of a conductive inkjet ink directly on the load 1 and, ideally, said load 1 which covers fully the cavity 4, fits between the support 3 and said track 2.
  • the conductive track 2 has the form a thin strip a few ⁇ m thick, crossing the load 1 according to one of its diameters. A such a configuration minimizes losses thermal conduction through the support 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des dispositifs d'allumage de charges pyrotechniques, et plus spécialement ceux adaptés aux petites charges pyrotechniques pouvant se retrouver dans des microsystèmes tels que microvannes ou micropompes. L'objet de la présente invention concerne donc un dispositif d'allumage d'une charge pyrotechnique solide, comprenant un dispositif chauffant. La principale caractéristique de ce dispositif d'allumage est que le dispositif chauffant est une piste conductrice (2) obtenue par le dépôt d'une encre conductrice sur la charge pyrotechnique (1), ce dépôt pouvant être réalisé par sérigraphie ou par jet d'encre. <IMAGE>

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des dispositifs d'allumage de charges pyrotechniques, et plus spécialement ceux faisant intervenir un dispositif chauffant. Les dispositifs d'allumage selon l'invention sont particulièrement adaptés aux charges pyrotechniques de petite taille comme, par exemple, celles qui sont impliquées dans les microvannes ou micropompes et qui sont décrites dans le brevet FR 2 774 684. Ces charges pyrotechniques de petite taille peuvent également se retrouver dans d'autres domaines d'application tels que la micro-propulsion pour le positionnement de satellites, les piles à combustibles, ou les micro-réchauffeurs.
Les dispositifs d'allumage de charges pyrotechniques comprenant un dispositif chauffant existent déjà et ont fait l'objet de nombreux brevets. L'un des plus couramment utilisés est le dispositif impliquant un élément résistif chauffant conventionnel, comme un fil chaud alimenté par un courant électrique. Mais actuellement, il n'existe pas de dispositifs d'allumage réalisés à partir du dépôt d'un fluide conducteur directement sur la charge pyrotechnique. Il faut entendre par fluide conducteur des matériaux tels que encre conductrice, peinture ou vernis.
L'un des problèmes rencontrés lors de l'allumage de charges pyrotechniques de petite taille est celui lié aux pertes thermiques par conduction. En effet, les charges et le fil chaud sont généralement au contact d'un support solide et une partie de la chaleur dégagée par le fil, est dissipée dans le support, rendant difficile voire impossible l'allumage desdites charges. La fourniture d'un surcroít d'énergie est alors requise, avec pour conséquence, un réchauffement significatif du support, non systématiquement recherché.
Le dispositif d'allumage selon l'invention reste efficace à faible énergie, sans entraíner de dommages particuliers aux pièces ou parois constituant l'environnement immédiat de la charge.
L'objet de la présente invention concerne un dispositif d'allumage d'une charge pyrotechnique solide, comprenant une piste conductrice caractérisé en ce que ladite piste est constituée par un fluide conducteur déposé au moins partiellement sur la charge pyrotechnique. De cette manière, le dispositif d'allumage est intimement lié à la charge pyrotechnique et demeure totalement indépendant de l'environnement immédiat de ladite charge.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention le fluide conducteur est déposé par sérigraphie.
Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le fluide conducteur est une encre conductrice et la piste conductrice est réalisée par jet de ladite encre. Ces deux techniques sont largement éprouvées dans le domaine de la microélectronique et notamment dans l'élaboration de microcircuits conducteurs. Avantageusement, la charge pyrotechnique est déposée sur un support solide et la piste conductrice n'est au contact que de ladite charge. Ainsi, toute l'énergie dissipée par effet joule est intégralement transmise à la charge pyrotechnique sans échanges thermiques avec le support. De façon préférentielle, le support comporte une cavité et la charge pyrotechnique, qui se présente sous la forme d'un film, recouvre ladite cavité. Préférentiellement, la charge pyrotechnique est à base de nitrocellulose. La cavité constitue un espace libre entre la charge pyrotechnique et le support, réduisant encore un peu plus tout échange thermique par conduction entre ces deux éléments. Cette configuration est particulièrement adaptée aux objets de très petite taille n'excédant pas quelques millimètres, puisqu'à ces ordres de grandeur, la charge pyrotechnique peut être déposée sur la cavité sous la forme d'une goutte qui va s'étaler grâce à la capacité filmogène de ladite charge.
L'invention porte également sur un procédé de réalisation d'un dispositif d'allumage d'une charge pyrotechnique, caractérisé en ce que le dépôt du fluide conducteur est réalisé directement sur la charge pyrotechnique. Selon un premier mode de réalisation préféré du procédé selon l'invention, le dépôt est réalisé par sérigraphie. Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation préféré du procédé selon l'invention, le fluide conducteur est une encre conductrice et le dépôt est réalisé par jet de ladite encre.
Les dispositifs d'allumage selon l'invention présentent l'avantage de pouvoir être fabriqués en grande série grâce à leur grande simplicité de mise en oeuvre. De plus, ils octroient une grande souplesse d'utilisation en fonction des caractéristiques de la charge pyrotechnique, que ce soit au niveau de sa composition ou au niveau de sa géométrie. En effet, en fonction de la texture de la charge, le fluide conducteur peut être plus ou moins épais et suivant le type d'allumage recherché, la piste conductrice peut revêtir une forme particulière et être plus ou moins étalée. Enfin, la charge pyrotechnique et la piste conductrice forment un ensemble monobloc et autonome, qui peut être intégré tel quel dans un microcircuit préexistant.
On donne ci-après la description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation préféré d'un dispositif d'allumage selon l'invention en se référant aux figures 1 et 2.
La figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un dispositif d'allumage selon l'invention pour un support présentant une cavité.
La figure 2 est une vue du dessus du dispositif d'allumage de la figure 1.
En se référant aux figures 1 et 2, la charge pyrotechnique 1, qui contient de la nitrocellulose est déposée sur une cavité 4 cylindrique de 1,5mm de diamètre, creusée dans un support 3 en polycarbonate. La charge 1 se retrouve sous la forme d'un film discoïdal dont l'épaisseur de 5µm pourrait être comprise entre 1 et 100µm. La piste conductrice 2 résulte du dépôt d'une encre conductrice par jet d'encre directement sur la charge 1 et, idéalement, ladite charge 1 qui recouvre intégralement la cavité 4, s'insère entre le support 3 et ladite piste 2. La piste conductrice 2 a la forme d'une fine lamelle de quelques µm d'épaisseur, traversant la charge 1 selon l'un de ses diamètres. Une telle configuration permet de minimiser les pertes thermiques par conduction à travers le support 3.
Le mode de fonctionnement de ce type d'allumage reste conventionnel. Un courant électrique est délivré dans la piste conductrice 2 qui s'élève aussitôt en température. La chaleur ainsi libérée par effet joule est directement transmise à la charge 1 qui s'enflamme et génère des gaz pouvant actionner des micropyromécanismes.

Claims (9)

  1. Dispositif d'allumage d'une charge pyrotechnique (1) solide, comprenant, une piste conductrice (2) caractérisé en ce que ladite piste est constituée par un fluide conducteur déposé au moins partiellement sur la charge pyrotechnique et en ce que ladite charge pyrotechnique (1) est déposée sur un support (3) solide et recouvre une cavité de ce support (3).
  2. Dispositif d'allumage selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le fluide conducteur est déposé par sérigraphie.
  3. Dispositif d'allumage selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le fluide conducteur est une encre conductrice et la piste conductrice (2) est réalisée par jet de ladite encre.
  4. Dispositif d'allumage selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la piste conductrice (2) n'est au contact que de la charge pyrotechnique (1).
  5. Dispositif d'allumage selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la charge pyrotechnique (1) se présente sous la forme d'un film.
  6. Dispositif d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que la charge pyrotechnique (1) est à base de nitrocellulose.
  7. Procédé de réalisation d'un dispositif d'allumage d'une charge pyrotechnique, conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dépôt du fluide conducteur est réalisé directement sur la charge pyrotechnique.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce que le dépôt est réalisé par sérigraphie.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le fluide conducteur est une encre conductrice et le dépôt est réalisé par jet de ladite encre.
EP02291677A 2001-07-13 2002-07-05 Dispositif d'allumage pour microcharges pyrotechniques Expired - Lifetime EP1275931B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0109376A FR2827377B1 (fr) 2001-07-13 2001-07-13 Dispositif d'allumage pour microcharges pyrotechniques
FR0109376 2001-07-13

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EP1275931A1 true EP1275931A1 (fr) 2003-01-15
EP1275931B1 EP1275931B1 (fr) 2006-07-05

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US (1) US6666140B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1275931B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3679386B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE332486T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60212905T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2266424T3 (fr)
FR (1) FR2827377B1 (fr)

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US3815507A (en) * 1970-01-21 1974-06-11 Olin Corp Electrical initiator
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US4213392A (en) * 1972-01-28 1980-07-22 Hubert Usel Electrically ignitable cartridge-less bullet
EP0076210A1 (fr) * 1981-09-28 1983-04-06 ETAT-FRANCAIS représenté par le Délégué Général pour l' Armement Initiateur pyrotechnique électrique à effet Joule
US5215419A (en) * 1992-08-04 1993-06-01 Steinhilber Wilhelm A Explosively driven fastener assembly
FR2774684A1 (fr) 1998-02-10 1999-08-13 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Nouveaux materiaux pyrotechniques non detonables pour microsystemes
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FR1227960A (fr) * 1958-12-11 1960-08-26 Dynamit Nobel Ag Procédé de préparation de couches conductrices pour détonateurs électriques
US3815507A (en) * 1970-01-21 1974-06-11 Olin Corp Electrical initiator
US4213392A (en) * 1972-01-28 1980-07-22 Hubert Usel Electrically ignitable cartridge-less bullet
BE840674A (fr) * 1976-04-13 1976-10-13 Amorce pour mise a feu electrique de charges propulsives, explosives et similaires
EP0076210A1 (fr) * 1981-09-28 1983-04-06 ETAT-FRANCAIS représenté par le Délégué Général pour l' Armement Initiateur pyrotechnique électrique à effet Joule
US5215419A (en) * 1992-08-04 1993-06-01 Steinhilber Wilhelm A Explosively driven fastener assembly
FR2774684A1 (fr) 1998-02-10 1999-08-13 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Nouveaux materiaux pyrotechniques non detonables pour microsystemes
EP0949479A1 (fr) * 1998-04-09 1999-10-13 DaimlerChrysler AG Allumeur semiconducteur
DE19956635A1 (de) * 1999-07-30 2001-02-01 Dynamit Nobel Ag Voll verbrennbarer induktiver Anzünder

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CN110183291B (zh) * 2019-06-10 2021-03-16 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 一种提高混合炸药导热性能的方法

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ATE332486T1 (de) 2006-07-15
FR2827377B1 (fr) 2003-12-05
US6666140B2 (en) 2003-12-23
FR2827377A1 (fr) 2003-01-17
JP3679386B2 (ja) 2005-08-03
DE60212905T2 (de) 2007-01-25
EP1275931B1 (fr) 2006-07-05
DE60212905D1 (de) 2006-08-17
US20030010243A1 (en) 2003-01-16
ES2266424T3 (es) 2007-03-01

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