EP1270825B1 - Verfahren und Anlage zum Ausgleichen von Grundsenkungen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Anlage zum Ausgleichen von Grundsenkungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1270825B1
EP1270825B1 EP01401636A EP01401636A EP1270825B1 EP 1270825 B1 EP1270825 B1 EP 1270825B1 EP 01401636 A EP01401636 A EP 01401636A EP 01401636 A EP01401636 A EP 01401636A EP 1270825 B1 EP1270825 B1 EP 1270825B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
apertures
inflatable
liquid
soil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01401636A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1270825A1 (de
Inventor
Géraldus Evers
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Compagnie du Sol SARL
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Compagnie du Sol SARL
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Publication date
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Priority to DE60124886T priority Critical patent/DE60124886T2/de
Priority to AT01401636T priority patent/ATE346990T1/de
Priority to EP01401636A priority patent/EP1270825B1/de
Publication of EP1270825A1 publication Critical patent/EP1270825A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1270825B1 publication Critical patent/EP1270825B1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D35/00—Straightening, lifting, or lowering of foundation structures or of constructions erected on foundations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an installation and a method of compensation of ground movements and the application of said device to the correction of the profile of an embankment or the compensation of ground movements due to an underground structure.
  • a first situation in which ground movements are to compensate is in the embankments access to structures.
  • the structure is usually built on deep foundations that are stable while the compressible soil under the embankments forming the access road is subject to settlements more or less large amplitude and in time. This creates a differential settlement between the access embankment and the actual structure in this transition zone. In the absence of special measures, this settlement would result in an unacceptable difference in level of elevation for the operation of the structure.
  • FIG. 1a shows a structure, for example a bridge, referenced 10 consisting of a vertical structure 14 and an apron 16. It also shows the access road 12 made on an embankment 18, a layer furniture 20 and a foundation layer 22.
  • the compressible soil compresses and results in a settlement of the access road, which will be called dS thereafter.
  • the structure is generally based, by means of foundation elements, on the foundation layer 22, and the settlement of this structure is negligible compared to the settlement of the access road.
  • the differential settlement between access road and engineering structure makes normal operation of the work often impossible.
  • a conventional solution is to set up in the embankment concrete transition slabs to distribute the differential settlement over a certain length and thus reduce the slope.
  • the dimensions of these slabs are in practice limited to about 5 to 6 meters in length, because beyond this length the mechanical stresses applied to the plates become excessive and require plate thicknesses impossible to implement.
  • This solution therefore has its limits and, in the case of compressible terrain, the maximum acceptable slope is reached at more or less regular intervals.
  • Another situation in which the problem arises is that of the realization of underground works, for example tunnels, in areas where there are surface works which may be altered due to the decompression of the ground resulting from the realization of the underground structure.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an embankment profile correction installation constituting in particular a way of access to a structure that effectively makes it possible to maintain the inclination of the access road to an acceptable value. , and that allows to make several times this correction to take account of the evolution of the profile in the time.
  • the inflation liquid must have adequate properties to allow repetitive swelling of the inflatable members in order to compensate for the evolution over time of the embankment profile.
  • the inflation liquid must have an adjustable setting time, low viscosity and good stability, while after setting, the product must remain deformable while having sufficient rigidity.
  • Grouts that can meet these needs are indicative but not limiting: grouts based on stabilized cement, stiffened de-flocculated bentonites (also called “super-gets”), silica sols or resins.
  • the installation comprises a plurality of tubes which are intended to be placed in horizontal wells substantially parallel to each other. It is thus possible, by selectively causing the swelling of the inflatable members associated with the different tubes, to effect the correction of the effects of ground movements in a plane.
  • the movable shutter elements of the orifices of each tube are sleeves surrounding the tube and made of an elastically deformable material under the effect of the pressure of the liquid.
  • Such tubes are in themselves commonly used in grouting techniques in the ground and are specifically called cuff tubes.
  • the tubing means comprise a pipe whose second end is closed and provided with holes near said second end, the two controllable shutter means being arranged on either side of said holes.
  • each controllable sealing means is constituted by an inflatable element surrounding said pipe, each inflatable element being able, in the expanded state, to seal said tube.
  • the holes provided at the end of the pressure-filled liquid injection pipe can be brought to the right of each series of orifices in the tube and, by controlling the inflatable elements. arranged on either side of these holes, it is possible to define an area in the tube in which the pressure of the liquid increases sufficiently to open the sleeves of the orifices of the tube and thus cause the passage of the liquid loaded in the inflatable members to give them the desired volume in order to obtain the necessary correction of the embankment profile.
  • the invention also relates to a method for compensating the movement of the ground according to claim 10.
  • the invention also relates to the application of the method to the correction of the profile of an embankment, characterized in that said tubes are disposed in the embankment substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to the direction of the embankment.
  • the invention also relates to an application of the method characterized in that the said tube or tubes are arranged in inclined or directed boreholes.
  • the correction device consists essentially of at least one tube T 1 and preferably a plurality of tubes T i which are placed in horizontal holes F 1 which extend over the entire width of the backfill and which are arranged perpendicularly. to the main direction of this backfill parallel to each other.
  • each tube T i is equipped as will be explained later in more detail inflatable elements G i, j distributed over the length of the tube T i .
  • the correction of the profile in the direction orthogonal to the embankment is obtained by appropriately inflating the various inflatable elements G i, j and the correction of the embankment profile in its main direction is obtained by selectively inflating the inflatable elements G i, j associated with different tubes T 1 ... T i .
  • the tube T l is a rigid metal tubular piece 50 which can be introduced into the horizontal boreholes F i . Over its length, the tube 50 comprises series of orifices 52 j which are covered by an elastically deformable sleeve 54 j . Cuffed tubes are in themselves known in particular in the techniques of grouting under pressure for the consolidation of soil.
  • the deformable sleeve 54 j deviates from the outer wall of the tube and allows the exit of the liquid under pressure.
  • an inflatable member G i, j constituted by a deformable wall 56.
  • This deformable wall can be fixed at each of these ends by flanges. 58.60 on the outer face of the tube T i .
  • the wall of the inflatable member is metallic, it is preferable to provide that one of the flanges 58 is fixed and that the other flange 60 can slide sealingly on the outer face of the tube to facilitate the expansion of the inflatable organ.
  • the same inflatable member In order to facilitate the introduction of the inflation fluid into the inflatable member G, it is possible for the same inflatable member to correspond to several series of orifices 52 j .
  • the deformable envelope 56 can be made using a metal wall or a synthetic material. This wall must be sufficiently strong to withstand the pressure of the pressurized liquid and the static charge related to the backfill. In the same way, it is necessary that the inflation fluid which will preferably be a cementitious grout or a synthetic resin-based grout is sufficiently fluid to allow successive fills in time of the inflatable elements with the aid of grout without the previous injections preventing access to the inflatable elements.
  • the inflation fluid which will preferably be a cementitious grout or a synthetic resin-based grout is sufficiently fluid to allow successive fills in time of the inflatable elements with the aid of grout without the previous injections preventing access to the inflatable elements.
  • This device which has the general reference 70 is constituted by a rigid pipe 72 whose diameter is substantially smaller than the internal diameter of the tube T i .
  • One end of the conduit 72 is plugged by a plug 74 while opposite end 76 may be connected to a flexible grout supply line.
  • the pipe 72 comprises a series of holes such as 78.
  • Inflatable sealing elements 80 and 82 are mounted on the outer face of the pipe 72 on either side of the holes 78.
  • the elements 80 and 82 are inflatable envelopes.
  • the swelling of the shutters 80 and 82 is obtained, in this particular embodiment, by an annular pipe 84 surrounding the pipe 72 and into which a liquid F for controlling the elements 80 and 82 can be injected.
  • the annular pipe 84 of course comprises orifices 86 to the right of the members 80 and 82 to allow swelling.
  • control liquid F of the elements 80 and 82 could be conveyed by a small flexible tube connected to the elements 80 and 82.
  • the system 70 is introduced into the corresponding tube T i and the system 70 is put in place in such a way that these inflatable closure elements 80 and 82 are arranged on either side of the series. orifices 52 j of the inflatable member to be activated.
  • the control liquid F which causes the filling structures 80 and 82 to swell until they come into contact with the inner wall of the tube T i , is sent into the annular duct 84 to obtain the fluid. sealing.
  • the pressurized grout C is introduced into the pipe 72. This grout exits through the orifices 78, which causes its pressure to increase in the volume V inside the tube T i between the closure elements 80 and 82.
  • the increase of the pressure of the grout in this volume V causes the lifting of the sleeve 54 j and the passage of the grout in the inflatable member G i, j .
  • a device for measuring volume or slurry flow makes it possible to obtain the desired swelling of the inflatable member G i, j .
  • each inflatable member G i, j it corresponds for example two sets of orifices 52 j and thus two deformable sleeve 54 1 to facilitate the filling of the inflatable member.
  • FIG. 6 shows a first embodiment of the installation.
  • plates 30 are used. length I, the different plates 30 preferably overlapping one of their edge 30a.
  • Expansible structures G i, j (G 1, j , G 2,, j , G 3, j ) associated with tubes T i are fixed on the lower face 30b of a plate, preferably facing the edge 30a. recovery.
  • discontinuous plates 30 an effect having a continuity, according to the length of the access path, is obtained because it is possible, as has already been explained from FIG. increasing the volume of expandable structures G i, j as the settlement of the access path.
  • FIG. 7 represents a second alternative embodiment of the invention in which the plates 30 with their watertight expandable structures G i, j (G 1,, j , G 2,, j , G 3,, j , G 4,, j ) associated with the tubes T i .
  • the plates 30 with their watertight expandable structures G i, j (G 1,, j , G 2,, j , G 3,, j , G 4,, j ) associated with the tubes T i .
  • support plates such as 32 of reduced dimensions relative to the distribution plates 30, the expandable structure 24 being interposed between the lower face of the edge of the plate 30 and the upper face of the support plate 32. Thanks to the presence of the support plate 32, the lifting effect of the access road upwards is improved under the effect of the expansion of the inflatable structures G i, j .
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B, 8C illustrate two examples of use of the compensation device according to the invention for the protection of surface structures with respect to movements of the ground that can be created by tunneling or, more generally, , the realization of underground works.
  • FIG. 8A there are the surface works 90, 92 with their foundations on piles 90 'and 92'. It also included the location of tunnels 94 and 96 to be excavated. Sloping boreholes 102, 104 are produced from the ground surface. Tubes T 1 , T 2 are introduced into these boreholes identical to that shown in FIG. 2. Each tube T is equipped with elements inflatable G 1 ... G 4 in the portion of the drilling located between the foundations and the area where the tunnels will be dug.
  • FIGS. 8B and 8C illustrate an alternative embodiment of the compensation devices.
  • deviated drilling 106, 108 ... 110 is carried out. Compensation identical to that shown in Figure 2.
  • the inflatable members G are provided only in the area where compensation is required.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Anlage zum Ausgleichen von Bewegungen eines Bodenbereichs, insbesondere Senkungsbewegungen, zum Beispiel von Zugangsdämmen zu einem Ingenieurbauwerk, umfassend:
    mindestens ein Rohr (50), welches im Boden plaziert und von dem mindestens ein Ende erreichbar ist, wobei das Rohr über seine Länge n Reihen von Öffnungen (52j) aufweist, wobei jede Reihe von Öffnungen mit einem beweglichen Verschlußelement (54j) ausgestattet ist, das eine erste Ruheposition, in der es die Öffnungen verschließt, und eine zweite Position, in der es die Öffnungen unter der Wirkung des Drucks einer Auffüllflüssigkeit in dem Rohr geöffnet läßt, besitzt;
    P dichte auffüllbare Teile, wobei P kleiner oder gleich n ist, wobei jedes Teil (Gi,j) um das Rohr an mindestens einer Reihe von Öffnungen angeordnet ist und mindestens eines seiner beiden Enden fest mit der Außenwand des Rohrs verbunden und unterhalb des auszugleichenden Bodenbereichs plaziert ist; und
    einen Rohrstutzen bildende, bewegliche Mittel (72) im Inneren des Rohrs, von denen ein erstes Ende mit der Auffüllflüssigkeit unter Druck beschickt wird und ein zweites Ende gegenüber mindestens einer Reihe von Öffnungen herangeführt werden kann und die Flüssigkeit unter Druck in das Rohr einleiten kann, wobei das zweite Ende mit zwei steuerbaren Mitteln (80, 82) zum Verschließen des Rohrs ausgestattet ist, wobei die Flüssigkeit in das Rohr zwischen den steuerbaren Mitteln zum Verschließen eingeleitet wird, wodurch die Flüssigkeit unter Druck das Verschlußelement in seine zweite Position überführt und die Flüssigkeit unter Druck in das entsprechende auffüllbare Teil einströmt und dessen Auffüllen bewirkt, wobei das Auffüllen eine Verdrängung des Bodens bewirkt, um die Bewegungen des Bodens auszugleichen.
  2. Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Mehrzahl von im Boden plazierten Rohren umfaßt.
  3. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beweglichen Verschlußelemente Manschetten sind, welche das Rohr umgeben und aus einem unter der Druckeinwirkung der Flüssigkeit elastisch verformbaren Werkstoff hergestellt sind.
  4. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes auffüllbare Teil durch eine verformbare, aus Metall oder synthetischem Material hergestellte Wand (56) gebildet wird.
  5. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einen Rohrstutzen bildenden Mittel eine Leitung umfassen, deren zweites Ende verschlossen und mit Löchern in der Nähe des zweiten Endes versehen ist, wobei die beiden steuerbaren Mittel zum Verschließen beiderseits der Löcher angeordnet sind.
  6. Anlage nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes steuerbare Mittel zum Verschließen durch ein auffüllbares Element, welches die Leitung umgibt, gebildet wird, wobei jedes auffüllbare Element, im expandierten Zustand, in der Lage ist, das Rohr zu verschließen.
  7. Anlage nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden auffüllbaren Elemente durch eine ringförmige Leitung, welche die Leitung umgibt, mit Flüssigkeit unter Druck beschickt werden.
  8. Anlage nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden auffüllbaren Elemente durch eine zu der Leitung parallele Leitung mit Flüssigkeit unter Druck beschickt werden.
  9. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr oder jedes Rohr ferner Reihen von Öffnungen umfaßt, die zwischen den auffüllbaren Teilen zugeordneten Reihen von Öffnungen angeordnet sind.
  10. Verfahren zum Ausgleichen von Bodenbewegungen, insbesondere Senkungsbewegungen, zum Beispiel von Zugangsdämmen zu einem Ingenieurbauwerk, die folgenden Schritte umfassend:
    es wird mindestens ein Rohr (50), von dem mindestens ein Ende erreichbar ist, im Boden plaziert, wobei das Rohr über seine Länge n Reihen von Öffnungen (52j) aufweist, wobei jede Reihe von Öffnungen mit einem beweglichen Verschlußelement (54j) ausgestattet ist, das eine erste Ruheposition, in der es die Öffnungen verschließt, und eine zweite Position, in der es die Öffnungen unter der Wirkung des Drucks einer Auffüllflüssigkeit in dem Rohr geöffnet läßt, besitzt, wobei das Rohr mit P dichten auffüllbaren Teilen, wobei P kleiner oder gleich n ist, ausgestattet ist, wobei jedes Teil (Gi,j) um das Rohr an mindestens einer Reihe von Öffnungen angeordnet ist und mindestens eines seiner beiden Enden fest mit der Außenwand des Rohrs verbunden ist; und
    einen Rohrstutzen bildende, bewegliche Mittel (72) im Inneren des Rohrs bewegt werden und ein erstes Ende der einen Rohrstutzen bildenden Mittel mit der Auffüllflüssigkeit unter Druck beschickt wird und ein zweites Ende der einen Rohrstutzen bildenden Mittel gegenüber mindestens einer Reihe von Öffnungen (52j) herangeführt wird, um die Flüssigkeit unter Druck in das Rohr einzuleiten, wobei das zweite Ende mit zwei steuerbaren Mitteln (80, 82) zum Verschließen des Rohrs ausgestattet ist, wobei die Flüssigkeit in das Rohr zwischen den steuerbaren Mitteln zum Verschließen eingeleitet wird, wodurch die Flüssigkeit unter Druck das bewegliche Verschlußelement (54j) in seine zweite Position überführt und die Flüssigkeit unter Druck in das entsprechende auffüllbare Teil (Gi,j) einströmt und dessen Auffüllen bewirkt.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Mehrzahl von Rohren im Boden plaziert wird.
  12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 10 und 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beweglichen Verschlußelemente Manschetten sind, welche das Rohr umgeben und aus einem unter der Wirkung des Drucks der Flüssigkeit elastisch verformbaren Werkstoff hergestellt sind.
  13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes auffüllbare Teil durch eine verformbare, aus Metall oder synthetischem Material hergestellte Wand (56) gebildet wird.
  14. Anwendung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13 auf die Korrektur des Profils eines Damms, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rohre im Damm weitestgehend parallel zueinander und weitestgehend senkrecht zur Richtung des Dammes angeordnet werden.
  15. Anwendung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13 auf das Ausgleichen der Bodenbewegungen aufgrund der Ausführung einer unterirdischen Konstruktion, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr bzw. die Rohre in geneigten oder gerichteten Bohrungen angeordnet wird bzw. werden.
EP01401636A 2001-06-25 2001-06-25 Verfahren und Anlage zum Ausgleichen von Grundsenkungen Expired - Lifetime EP1270825B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE60124886T DE60124886T2 (de) 2001-06-25 2001-06-25 Verfahren und Anlage zum Ausgleichen von Grundsenkungen
AT01401636T ATE346990T1 (de) 2001-06-25 2001-06-25 Verfahren und anlage zum ausgleichen von grundsenkungen
EP01401636A EP1270825B1 (de) 2001-06-25 2001-06-25 Verfahren und Anlage zum Ausgleichen von Grundsenkungen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01401636A EP1270825B1 (de) 2001-06-25 2001-06-25 Verfahren und Anlage zum Ausgleichen von Grundsenkungen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1270825A1 EP1270825A1 (de) 2003-01-02
EP1270825B1 true EP1270825B1 (de) 2006-11-29

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EP01401636A Expired - Lifetime EP1270825B1 (de) 2001-06-25 2001-06-25 Verfahren und Anlage zum Ausgleichen von Grundsenkungen

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AT (1) ATE346990T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60124886T2 (de)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR986619A (fr) * 1943-11-25 1951-08-02 Sondages Etanchements Dispositif de tubage pour l'équipement des trous et forages d'injection
FR2444873A1 (fr) * 1978-12-18 1980-07-18 Freyssinet Int Stup Dispositif de clapet ejectable pour tubes et ses applications a l'injection des sols avec des liquides durcissables
DE4210196A1 (de) * 1992-03-28 1993-09-30 Gerd Prof Dr Ing Gudehus Verfahren zum Verformungsausgleich im Untergrund durch Einpressen bodenschonender Pasten
FR2762042A1 (fr) * 1997-04-09 1998-10-16 Bachy Procede de traitement par injection d'un terrain peu deformable et tube a manchettes perfectionne mis en oeuvre

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DE60124886T2 (de) 2007-08-30
EP1270825A1 (de) 2003-01-02
ATE346990T1 (de) 2006-12-15
DE60124886D1 (de) 2007-01-11

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