EP1265205B1 - Linear smoke detector - Google Patents
Linear smoke detector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1265205B1 EP1265205B1 EP01114103A EP01114103A EP1265205B1 EP 1265205 B1 EP1265205 B1 EP 1265205B1 EP 01114103 A EP01114103 A EP 01114103A EP 01114103 A EP01114103 A EP 01114103A EP 1265205 B1 EP1265205 B1 EP 1265205B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polarizer
- receiver
- quotient
- transmitter
- smoke detector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a linear smoke detector with a transmitter for transmission a light beam passing through a measuring path, a receiver and an im Distance from the transmitter / receiver arranged retroreflector which the vibration plane an incident light beam turns by a certain angle, one in the beam path arranged after the transmitter polarizer and one for light with a certain Vibration level permeable analyzer, said polarizer by a active polarizer for controlled rotation of the plane of vibration emitted by the transmitter Light beam formed in two different levels and the receiver to Linking caused by the light radiation in these two vibration levels Receiving signals is formed.
- Such smoke detectors are particularly in large or narrow spaces, for example used in corridors, warehouses and manufacturing halls and aircraft hangars and below the ceiling mounted on the walls.
- the standard version includes sender and receiver facing each other and no retroreflector is required. These are only then used when the spaces are so short that the minimum length of the light beam of about 10 m otherwise would not be reached, to the responsiveness of the detector by doubling to increase the measuring distance, or if the transmitter opposite side not stable or no receiver can be installed there. But since the execution with the Reflector is cheaper and much easier to install, set in recent times the linear smoke detectors with retroreflector get stronger and stronger.
- the linear smoke detectors with retroreflector have a certain susceptibility to reflections on, which are caused by protruding into the beam path objects. Such objects may pretend that the light beam is undisturbed from the sender to the receiver runs and the detector is fully functional, although the space between the Object and the retroreflector covered by the object and thus not by the detector is "seen”.
- the intended at the receiver analyzer is designed so that its vibration level parallel to that of the reflected light from the retroreflector. If a reflective Obstacle enters the beam path, then receives the receiver directly polarized by the transmitter Light, but with the polarizer of the transmitter one to the vibration level of the analyzer has a right angle aligned vibration plane. As a result, the receiver "sees" no light, which in turn means that there is an obstacle in the beam path located.
- the analyzer is formed by a filter, which in front of the reflector is arranged.
- the invention will now be given a linear smoke detector of the type mentioned Be sure of a detection of interference of the beam path through in this outstanding Objects and a clear distinction between disturbances of the beam path and Smoke allows.
- the analyzer has a vertical vibration plane at the receiver, then at vertical vibration level of the polarizer at the transmitter of the retroreflector Turned about 90 ° in the horizontal light only a very small proportion to the receiver reach. Conversely, at the horizontal oscillation plane of the polarizer at the transmitter the receiver receives a relatively large amount of light.
- case A parallel vibration levels at Transmitter and receiver
- case B mutually perpendicular Vibration levels at transmitter and receiver
- a first preferred embodiment of the inventive smoke detector is characterized characterized in that by the retroreflector, a rotation of the vibration plane of the impinging Light beam is made by about 90 °.
- the retroreflector is a through Prism formed by the shape of a straight pyramid.
- a second preferred embodiment of the smoke detector according to the invention is characterized characterized in that the combination of the received signals takes place by quotient formation.
- the invention further relates to a method for operating said smoke detector. This is characterized in that in the normal operating state the polarizer is adjusted that its oscillation plane is perpendicular to that of the analyzer, that the received signal is compared with a threshold, and that falls below the said Threshold by the received signal, a combination of the received signals in the two Vibration levels for the purpose of verification of the received signal takes place.
- the received signal in case B normally has a certain value, which reduces the penetration of smoke into the beam path becomes.
- the signal is verified by the described formation of the quotient A / B. is this quotient is much smaller than one, then it is smoke-induced Alarm or pre-alarm.
- the quotient is much larger than one, there is a disturbance in the beam path protruding, highly reflective object, such as a metal plate before. In this Case is a fault indication or a strong delay of the alarm signal.
- the quotient A / B is neither much larger nor much smaller than one but approximately is equal to one, there is also a fault indication, because in this case it is assumed can be that the beam path through a diffuse scatterer, such as a cardboard or Wooden plate, is interrupted. Of course you can instead of the quotient A / B too form the quotient B / A. In this case, a value much greater than one would be the norm A value much less than one will indicate a beam break by a strong one reflecting object and a value about equal to one ray interruption a diffuse spreader.
- the smoke detector shown in Fig. 1 works on the principle of extinction, so the Attenuation of a ray of light by entering this smoke.
- the smoke detector is made according to the representation of a transmitter 1, a receiver arranged next to the transmitter 2 and from a transmitter / receiver opposite Retroreflector 3.
- Der Transmitter 1 transmits a modulated infrared beam to the retroreflector 3, which detects the incident Beam reflected on the receiver 2.
- Sender 1 and receiver 2 are preferably arranged in a common housing.
- the retroreflector 3 is shown in FIG. 2, a retroreflective prism of the shape of a straight Pyramid whose sides are formed by isosceles, right-angled triangles are. Such a retroreflector acts on the incident light as a polarizer and turns it Vibration level by about 90 °, with this angle scatter in a certain range can.
- the polarizer 4 is a so-called active polarizer, which is a polarizer, which passes the light optionally in one or the other oscillation plane leaves.
- This polarizer may be formed, for example, by a liquid crystal panel be whose vibration level in dependence on the applied voltage by 90 ° rotates (see, for example, US-A-5,280,272, Fig. 9). Suitable liquid crystal plates are for example, under the name TN (twisted nematic) displays known.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen linearen Rauchmelder mit einem Sender zur Aussendung eines eine Messstrecke durchquerenden Lichtstrahls, einem Empfänger und einem im Abstand vom Sender/Empfänger angeordneten Retroreflektor welcher die Schwingungsebene eines auftreffenden Lichtstrahls um einen bestimmten Winkel dreht, einem im Strahlengang nach dem Sender angeordneten Polarisator und einem für Licht mit einer bestimmten Schwingungsebene durchlässigen Analysator, wobei der genannte Polarisator durch einen aktiven Polarisator zur gesteuerten Drehung der Schwingungsebene des vom Sender ausgesandten Lichtstrahls in zwei verschiedene Ebenen gebildet und der Empfänger zur Verknüpfung der von der Lichtstrahlung in diesen beiden Schwingungsebenen verursachten Empfangssignale ausgebildet ist.The present invention relates to a linear smoke detector with a transmitter for transmission a light beam passing through a measuring path, a receiver and an im Distance from the transmitter / receiver arranged retroreflector which the vibration plane an incident light beam turns by a certain angle, one in the beam path arranged after the transmitter polarizer and one for light with a certain Vibration level permeable analyzer, said polarizer by a active polarizer for controlled rotation of the plane of vibration emitted by the transmitter Light beam formed in two different levels and the receiver to Linking caused by the light radiation in these two vibration levels Receiving signals is formed.
Derartige Rauchmelder werden insbesondere in grossen oder schmalen Räumen, beispielsweise in Korridoren, Lager- und Fabrikationshallen und in Flugzeughangars eingesetzt und unterhalb der Decke an den Wänden montiert. In der Standardausführung liegen Sender und Empfänger einander gegenüber und es ist kein Retroreflektor erforderlich. Diese werden erst dann verwendet, wenn die Räume so kurz sind, dass die minimale Länge des Lichtstrahls von etwa 10 m sonst nicht erreicht würde, um die Ansprechempfindlichkeit des Melders durch Verdoppeung der Messstrecke zu erhöhen, oder wenn die dem Sender gegenüberliegende Seite nicht stabil ist oder dort kein Empfänger installiert werden kann. Da aber die Ausführung mit dem Reflektor preisgünstiger und wesentlich einfacher zu installieren ist, setzen sich in jüngster Zeit die linearen Rauchmelder mit Retroreflektor immer stärker durch.Such smoke detectors are particularly in large or narrow spaces, for example used in corridors, warehouses and manufacturing halls and aircraft hangars and below the ceiling mounted on the walls. The standard version includes sender and receiver facing each other and no retroreflector is required. These are only then used when the spaces are so short that the minimum length of the light beam of about 10 m otherwise would not be reached, to the responsiveness of the detector by doubling to increase the measuring distance, or if the transmitter opposite side not stable or no receiver can be installed there. But since the execution with the Reflector is cheaper and much easier to install, set in recent times the linear smoke detectors with retroreflector get stronger and stronger.
Die linearen Rauchmelder mit Retroreflektor weisen eine gewisse Anfälligkeit auf Reflexionen auf, die durch in den Strahlengang ragende Gegenstände verursacht sind. Solche Gegenstände können unter Umständen vortäuschen, dass der Lichtstrahl ungestört vom Sender zum Empfänger verläuft und der Melder voll funktionsfähig ist, obwohl der Raumbereich zwischen dem Gegenstand und dem Retroreflektor vom Gegenstand abgedeckt und somit vom Melder nicht "gesehen" wird.The linear smoke detectors with retroreflector have a certain susceptibility to reflections on, which are caused by protruding into the beam path objects. Such objects may pretend that the light beam is undisturbed from the sender to the receiver runs and the detector is fully functional, although the space between the Object and the retroreflector covered by the object and thus not by the detector is "seen".
Bei Reflexionslichtschranken mit nebeneinander liegender Sende- und Empfangsoptik besteht ein ähnliches Problem, indem hier stark reflektierende Gegenstände innerhalb der Überwachungsstrecke unter Umständen nicht erkannt werden. Dieses Problem wird beispielsweise bei einer in der EP-A-0 005 852 beschriebenen Reflexionslichtschranke der genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass nach dem Sender ein Polarisator und vor dem Empfänger ein Analysator angeordnet, und dass ein optisch aktiver Retroreflektor verwendet wird, welcher die Schwingungsebene des einfallenden Lichts dreht, so dass das reflektierte Licht gegenüber dem einfallenden um einen rechten Winkel gedreht ist.In the case of reflection light barriers with side-by-side transmitting and receiving optics a similar problem here by highly reflective objects within the monitoring distance may not be recognized. This problem is for example a reflection light barrier of the type mentioned in EP-A-0 005 852 solved that arranged after the transmitter a polarizer and in front of the receiver an analyzer and that an optically active retroreflector is used, which the vibration plane of the incident light rotates, allowing the reflected light to reverse to the incident light a right angle is turned.
Der am Empfänger vorgesehene Analysator ist so ausgebildet, dass seine Schwingungsebene parallel zu jener des vom Retroreflektor reflektierten Lichts verläuft. Wenn ein reflektierendes Hindernis in den Strahlengang gelangt, dann erhält der Empfänger direkt das vom Sender polarisierte Licht, wobei aber der Polarisator des Senders eine zur Schwingungsebene des Analysators rechtwinkelig ausgerichtete Schwingungsebene aufweist. Als Folge davon "sieht" der Empfänger kein Licht, was im Umkehrschluss bedeutet, dass sich ein Hindernis im Strahlengang befindet. Bei einem aus der US-A-5 502 434 bekannten linearen Rauchmelder der eingangs beschriebenen Art ist der Analysator durch ein Filter gebildet, welches vor dem Reflektor angeordnet ist.The intended at the receiver analyzer is designed so that its vibration level parallel to that of the reflected light from the retroreflector. If a reflective Obstacle enters the beam path, then receives the receiver directly polarized by the transmitter Light, but with the polarizer of the transmitter one to the vibration level of the analyzer has a right angle aligned vibration plane. As a result, the receiver "sees" no light, which in turn means that there is an obstacle in the beam path located. In one known from US-A-5 502 434 linear smoke detector of the above described type, the analyzer is formed by a filter, which in front of the reflector is arranged.
Da die bei linearen Rauchmeldern verwendeten Retroreflektoren durch Prismen von der Form einer geraden Pyramide gebildet sind (siehe dazu beispielsweise die CH-A-690 635), welche die Schwingungsebene des einfallenden Lichts um 90° drehen, könnte man das aus der EP-A-0 005 852 bekannte Prinzip auf lineare Rauchmelder übertragen, indem man ebenfalls nach dem Sender einen Polarisator und vor dem Empfänger einen Analysator mit einer parallel zur Schwingungsebene des vom Retroreftektor reflektierten Lichts verlaufenden Schwingungsebene anordnet. Immer dann, wenn kein Empfangssignal vorhanden ist, könnte man davon ausgehen, dass der Strahlengang durch ein Hindernis unterbrochen ist.Since the retroreflectors used in linear smoke detectors by prisms of the form a straight pyramid are formed (see, for example, CH-A-690 635), which Turn the plane of oscillation of the incident light by 90 °, you could do this from EP-A-0 005 852 known principle on linear smoke detectors transmitted by also after the Transmit a polarizer and in front of the receiver an analyzer with a parallel to the Vibration level of the light reflected by the retroreflector light extending vibration level arranges. Whenever there is no received signal, one could assume that the beam path is interrupted by an obstacle.
Die Praxis hat aber gezeigt, dass die Drehung der Schwingungsebene des einfallenden Lichts durch die genannten pyramidenförmigen Retroreflektoren innerhalb einer relativ grossen Bandbreite schwankt, so dass ein auf diese Weise ausgebildeter linearer Brandmelder nicht in der Lage wäre, eine sichere Störungserkennung einerseits und eine zuverlässige Rauchdetektion andererseits zu gewährleisten. Denn unter Umständen könnte die nicht genau rechtwinkelige Drehung der Schwingungsebene durch den Retroreflektor bewirken, dass das von einem reflektierenden Hindernis stammende Empfangssignal gegenüber demjenigen bei ungestörtem Strahlengang abgeschwächt wäre und somit der Störfall (reflektierender Gegenstand im Strahlengang) vom Alarmfall (Rauch im Strahlengang) nicht unterschieden werden könnte.However, practice has shown that the rotation of the plane of vibration of the incident light by said pyramidal retroreflectors within a relatively wide bandwidth fluctuates, so that trained in this way linear fire detector is not in the Location would be a safe fault detection on the one hand and a reliable smoke detection on the other hand. Because under certain circumstances could not exactly right-angled Rotation of the plane of vibration through the retroreflector cause that of a reflective Obstruction received signal compared to that in undisturbed Beam path would be attenuated and thus the accident (reflecting object in the beam path) from the alarm case (smoke in the beam path) could not be distinguished.
Durch die Erfindung soll nun ein linearer Rauchmelder der eingangs genannten Art angegeben werden, der eine sichere Erkennung von Störungen des Strahlengangs durch in diesen ragende Gegenstände und eine eindeutige Unterscheidung zwischen Störungen des Strahlengangs und Rauch ermöglicht.The invention will now be given a linear smoke detector of the type mentioned Be sure of a detection of interference of the beam path through in this outstanding Objects and a clear distinction between disturbances of the beam path and Smoke allows.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass der Analysator vor dem Empfänger angeordnet ist, und dass die Verknüpfung der Empfangssignale durch Quotientenbildung This object is achieved according to the invention in that the analyzer in front of the receiver is arranged, and that the combination of the received signals by quotient formation
erfolgt, wobei der eine Term des Quotienten durch das Empfangssignal für den Fall gleich gerichteter und der andere Term durch das Empfangssignal für den Fall gegeneinander um 90° verdrehter Schwingungsebenen von Polarisator und Analysator gebildet ist.takes place, wherein the one term of the quotient by the received signal for the case the same directed and the other term by the received signal for the case against each other by 90 ° twisted oscillation planes of polarizer and analyzer is formed.
Wenn beispielsweise der Analysator am Empfänger eine vertikale Schwingungsebene aufweist, dann wird bei vertikaler Schwingungsebene des Polarisators am Sender von dem vom Retroreflektor um etwa 90° in die Horizontale gedrehten Licht nur ein sehr geringer Anteil zum Empfänger gelangen. Umgekehrt wird bei horizontaler Schwingungsebene des Polarisators am Sender der Empfänger relativ viel Licht empfangen. Wenn sich ein reflektierender Gegenstand im Strahlengang befindet, dann fällt auf den Empfänger der ursprüngliche, nicht gedrehte Sendestrahl, so dass das Empfangssignal im ersten Fall (Fall A: parallele Schwingungsebenen an Sender und Empfänger) relativ gross und im zweiten Fall (Fall B: aufeinander senkrechte Schwingungsebenen an Sender und Empfänger) relativ klein sein wird.For example, if the analyzer has a vertical vibration plane at the receiver, then at vertical vibration level of the polarizer at the transmitter of the retroreflector Turned about 90 ° in the horizontal light only a very small proportion to the receiver reach. Conversely, at the horizontal oscillation plane of the polarizer at the transmitter the receiver receives a relatively large amount of light. When a reflective object is in the Is located on the receiver, then the original, non-rotated transmission beam, so that the received signal in the first case (case A: parallel vibration levels at Transmitter and receiver) relatively large and in the second case (case B: mutually perpendicular Vibration levels at transmitter and receiver) will be relatively small.
Die Quotientenbildung der Empfangssignale führt somit zum Ergebnis, dass der Quotient A/B im Normalfall sehr viel kleiner und im Störungsfall mit einem in den Strahlengang ragenden Reflektor sehr viel grösser als Eins sein wird.The quotient formation of the received signals thus leads to the result that the quotient A / B usually much smaller and in case of failure with a projecting into the beam path Reflector will be much larger than one.
Eine erste bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Rauchmelders ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch den Retroreflektor eine Drehung der Schwingungsebene des auftreffenden Lichtstrahls um etwa 90° erfolgt. Vorzugsweise ist der Retroreflektor durch ein Prisma von der Gestalt einer geraden Pyramide gebildet.A first preferred embodiment of the inventive smoke detector is characterized characterized in that by the retroreflector, a rotation of the vibration plane of the impinging Light beam is made by about 90 °. Preferably, the retroreflector is a through Prism formed by the shape of a straight pyramid.
Eine zweite bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Rauchmelders ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verknüpfung der Empfangssignale durch Quotientenbildung erfolgt.A second preferred embodiment of the smoke detector according to the invention is characterized characterized in that the combination of the received signals takes place by quotient formation.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiter ein Verfahren zum Betrieb des genannten Rauchmelders. Dieses ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im normalen Betriebszustand der Polarisator so eingestellt ist, dass seine Schwingungsebene zu derjenigen des Analysators senkrecht steht, dass das Empfangssignal mit einem Schwellwert verglichen wird, und dass bei Unterschreiten des genannten Schwellwerts durch das Empfangssignal eine Verknüpfung der Empfangssignale in den beiden Schwingungsebenen zum Zweck der Verifikation des Empfangssignals erfolgt.The invention further relates to a method for operating said smoke detector. This is characterized in that in the normal operating state the polarizer is adjusted that its oscillation plane is perpendicular to that of the analyzer, that the received signal is compared with a threshold, and that falls below the said Threshold by the received signal, a combination of the received signals in the two Vibration levels for the purpose of verification of the received signal takes place.
Im Betrieb des erfindungsgemässen Rauchmelders hat das Empfangssignal im Fall B im Normalfall einen bestimmten Wert, der bei Eindringen von Rauch in den Strahlengang reduziert wird. Sobald das Empfangssignal eine bestimmte Alarm- oder Voralarmschwelle unterschreitet, erfolgt eine Verifikation des Signals durch die beschriebene Bildung des Quotienten A/B. Ist dieser Quotient sehr viel kleiner als Eins, dann handelt es sich um einen durch Rauch verursachten Alarm oder Voralarm. During operation of the smoke detector according to the invention, the received signal in case B normally has a certain value, which reduces the penetration of smoke into the beam path becomes. As soon as the received signal falls below a certain alarm or pre-alarm threshold, the signal is verified by the described formation of the quotient A / B. is this quotient is much smaller than one, then it is smoke-induced Alarm or pre-alarm.
Ist der Quotient sehr viel grösser als Eins, liegt eine Störung durch einen in den Strahlengang ragenden, stark reflektierenden Gegenstand, beispielsweise eine Metallplatte, vor. In diesem Fall erfolgt eine Störungsanzeige oder eine starke Verzögerung des Alarmsignals.If the quotient is much larger than one, there is a disturbance in the beam path protruding, highly reflective object, such as a metal plate before. In this Case is a fault indication or a strong delay of the alarm signal.
Wenn der Quotient A/B weder sehr viel grösser noch sehr viel kleiner als Eins sondern ungefähr gleich Eins ist, erfolgt ebenfalls eine Störungsanzeige, weil in diesem Fall davon ausgegangen werden kann, dass der Strahlengang durch einen diffusen Streuer, beispielsweise eine Kartonoder Holzplatte, unterbrochen ist. Selbstverständlich kann man anstatt des Quotienten A/B auch den Quotienten B/A bilden. In diesem Fall würde ein Wert sehr viel grösser als Eins den Normalfall anzeigen, ein Wert sehr viel kleiner als Eins eine Strahlunterbrechung durch einen stark reflektierenden Gegenstand und ein wert ungefähr gleich Eins eine Strahlunterbrechung durch einen diffusen Streuer.If the quotient A / B is neither much larger nor much smaller than one but approximately is equal to one, there is also a fault indication, because in this case it is assumed can be that the beam path through a diffuse scatterer, such as a cardboard or Wooden plate, is interrupted. Of course you can instead of the quotient A / B too form the quotient B / A. In this case, a value much greater than one would be the norm A value much less than one will indicate a beam break by a strong one reflecting object and a value about equal to one ray interruption a diffuse spreader.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und der Zeichnungen näher erläutert; es zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen linearen Rauchmelder mit Sender/Empfänger und Retroreflektor; und
- Fig. 2
- den Retroreflektor des Rauchmelders von Fig. 1.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic plan view of a linear smoke detector with transmitter / receiver and retroreflector; and
- Fig. 2
- the retroreflector of the smoke detector of Fig. 1st
Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Rauchmelder funktioniert nach dem Prinzip der Extinktion, also der
Abschwächung eines Lichtstrahls durch in diesen eintretenden Rauch. Der Rauchmelder besteht
darstellungsgemäss aus einem Sender 1, einem neben dem Sender angeordneten Empfänger
2 und aus einem dem Sender/Empfänger gegenüberliegenden Retroreflektor 3. Der
Sender 1 sendet einen modulierten Infrarotstrahl zum Retroreflektor 3, der den auftreffenden
Strahl auf den Empfänger 2 reflektiert. Sobald Rauchpartikel in den Strahlengang gelangen,
wird einerseits ein Teil des Infrarotstrahls von diesen Partikeln absorbiert, und andererseits ein
anderer Teil des Infrarotstrahls von den Partikeln reflektiert oder an ihnen gestreut. Beide Effekte
bewirken eine Reduktion des auf dem Empfänger 2 auftreffenden Lichts. Sender 1 und Empfänger
2 sind vorzugsweise in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse angeordnet.The smoke detector shown in Fig. 1 works on the principle of extinction, so the
Attenuation of a ray of light by entering this smoke. The smoke detector is made
according to the representation of a
Der Retroreflektor 3 ist gemäss Fig. 2 ein retroreflektierendes Prisma von der Gestalt einer geraden
Pyramide, deren Seitenflächen durch gleichschenkelige, rechtwinkelige Dreiecke gebildet
sind. Ein solcher Retroreflektor wirkt auf das auftreffende Licht als Polarisator und dreht dessen
Schwingungsebene um ungefähr 90°, wobei dieser Winkel in einem gewissen Bereich streuen
kann.The
Im Strahlengang vom Sender 1 zum Retroreflektor 3 und von diesem zum Empfänger 2 ist unmittelbar
nach dem Sender 1 ein Polarisator 4 und unmittelbar vor dem Empfänger 2 ein Analysator
5 angeordnet. Der Polarisator 4 ist ein so genannter aktiver Polarisator, das ist ein Polarisator,
welcher das Licht wahlweise in der einen oder in der anderen Schwingungsebene hindurch
lässt. Dieser Polarisator kann beispielsweise durch eine Flüssigkristall-Platte gebildet
sein, deren Schwingungsebene sich in Abhängigkeit von der angelegten Spannung um 90°
dreht (siehe dazu beispielsweise US-A-5 280 272, Fig. 9). Geeignete Flüssigkristall-Platten sind
beispielsweise unter der Bezeichnung TN (Twisted Nematic) Displays bekannt.In the beam path from the
Der Analysator 5 lässt nur Licht in einer Schwingungsebene hindurch. Je nach Polarisadonsebene des aktiven Polarisators 4 sind die folgenden zwei Fälle möglich:
- Fall A: Schwingungsebene des Polarisators 4 und Schwingungsebene des
Analysators 5 sind parallel, beispielsweise vertikal. DerRetroreflektor 3 dreht das vomSender 1 kommende Licht um 90° in die horizontale Ebene. Dann wird im Normalfall nur sehr wenig Licht auf denEmpfänger 2 gelangen und das Empfangssignal wird entsprechend klein sein. Wenn der Strahlengang durch einen stark reflektierenden Gegenstand, beispielsweise eine Metallplatte, unterbrochen wird, schwingt das auf denAnalysator 5 fallende Licht in der vertikalen Ebene und wird zumEmpfänger 2 durch gelassen. In diesem Störungsfall gelangt also relativ viel Licht auf denEmpfänger 2. - Fall B: Schwingungsebene des Polarisators 4 und Schwingungsebene des
Analysators 5 sind zueinander senkrecht, beispielsweise Schwingungsebene des Polarisators 4 horizontal und Schwingungsebene desAnalysators 5 vertikal. DerRetroreflektor 3 dreht das vomSeinder 1 kommende Licht um 90° in die vertikale Ebene. Dann wird im Normalfall viel Licht aufden Empfänger 2 gelangen und das Empfangssignal wird entsprechend gross sein. Wenn der Strahlengang durch einen stark reflektierenden Gegenstand, beispielsweise eine Metallplatte, unterbrochen wird, schwingt das aufden Analysator 5 fallende Licht in der horizontalen Ebene und wird nicht zum Empfänger 2 durch gelassen. In diesem Störungsfall gelangt also nur sehr wenig Licht aufden Empfänger 2.
- Case A: Vibration plane of the polarizer 4 and vibration plane of the
analyzer 5 are parallel, for example, vertical. Theretroreflector 3 rotates the light coming from thetransmitter 1 by 90 ° in the horizontal plane. Then, in the normal case, only very little light will reach thereceiver 2 and the received signal will be correspondingly small. When the beam path is interrupted by a highly reflective article such as a metal plate, the light incident on theanalyzer 5 vibrates in the vertical plane and is transmitted to thereceiver 2. In this case, therefore, a relatively large amount of light reaches thereceiver 2. - Case B: Vibration plane of the polarizer 4 and vibration plane of the
analyzer 5 are perpendicular to each other, for example, vibration plane of the polarizer 4 horizontally and vibration plane of theanalyzer 5 vertically. Theretroreflector 3 turns the light coming from theSeinder 1 by 90 ° in the vertical plane. Then, in the normal case, a lot of light will reach thereceiver 2 and the received signal will be correspondingly large. When the beam path is interrupted by a highly reflective object such as a metal plate, the light incident on theanalyzer 5 vibrates in the horizontal plane and is not transmitted to thereceiver 2. In this case, therefore, only very little light reaches thereceiver 2.
Durch Bildung des Quotienten Q = A/B kann man auf einfache Art feststellen, ob das vom Sender 1 ausgesandte Licht ungestört zum Empfänger 2 gelangt, oder ob der Strahlengang durch ein diesen ragendes Objekt gestört ist. Der Quotient Q kann die folgenden Werte annehmen:
- Q = A/B « 1:
Der Empfänger 2 erhält bei vertikaler Schwingungsebene des Sendelichts wenig und bei horizontaler Schwingungsebene viel Licht ⇒ Sendelicht gelangt überden Retroreflektor 3zum Empfänger 2, also handelt es sich um einen Normalfall mit ungestör tem Strahlengang. - Q = A/B »1:
Der Empfänger 2 erhält bei vertikaler Schwingungsebene des Sendelichts viel und bei horizontaler Schwingungsebene wenig Licht ⇒ Sendelicht gelangt direkt zum Empfänger 2, also handelt es sich um einen Störfall mit einem den Strahlengang unterbrechenden stark reflektierenden Objekt, wie beispielsweise einer Metallplatte. - Q = A/B≈ 1:
Der Empfänger 2 erhält bei vertikaler und bei horizontaler Polarisation des Sendelichts etwa gleich viel Licht ⇒ Sendelicht gelangt nicht überden Retroreflektor 3zum Empfänger 2, wird aber auch nicht von einem stark reflektierenden Objekt zum Empfänger gelenkt. Daraus folgt, dass der Strahlengang unterbrochen ist, aber nicht von einem stark reflektierenden sondern von einem diffus streuenden Objekt, wie beispielsweise einer Holzoder Kartonplatte. Also handelt es sich auch hier um einen Störfall.
- Q = A / B «1: The
receiver 2 receives little light at the vertical vibration level of the transmitted light and much light at the horizontal vibration plane ⇒ transmitted light passes through theretroreflector 3 to thereceiver 2, so it is a normal case with undisturbed beam path. - Q = A / B »1: The
receiver 2 receives a lot of light at a vertical vibration level of the transmitted light and little light at a horizontal vibration level ⇒ transmitted light goes directly to thereceiver 2, so it is an incident with a highly reflective object interrupting the beam path, such as a metal plate. - Q = A / B≈1: The
receiver 2 receives approximately the same amount of light in vertical and in the horizontal polarization of the transmitted light ⇒ transmitted light does not reach thereceiver 2 via theretroreflector 3, but is not directed by a highly reflective object to the receiver. It follows that the beam path is interrupted, but not by a highly reflective but by a diffusely scattering object, such as a wood or cardboard board. So this is also an incident.
Der normale Betriebszustand des Rauchmelders ist der Fall B mit zueinander senkrechten
Schwingungsebenen von Polarisators 4 und Analysator 5, wobei der Empfänger relativ viel
Licht erhält und das Empfangssignal gross ist. Sobald das Empfangssignal eine bestimmte
Alarm- oder Voralarmschwelle unterschreitet, wird der Polarisator 4 so angesteuert, dass eine
Drehung seiner Schwingungsebene erfolgt. Dann wird der Quotient Q = A/B gebildet, um zu
verifizieren, ob das Unterschreiten der Alarm- oder Voralarmschwelle durch Rauch oder durch
eine Störung verursacht ist. Im Fall von Q « 1 handelt es sich um Abschwächung des Lichtstrahls
des Senders 1 durch Rauch, also um einen Alarmfall, im Fall von Q »1 handelt es sich
um eine Reflexion des Sendelichts auf den Empfänger durch ein stark reflektierendes Objekt
unter Ausschaltung des Retroreflektors 3, also um einen Störfall, und im Fall Q ≈ 1 handelt es
sich um eine Streuung des Sendelichts auf den Empfänger 2 durch ein diffus streuendes Objekt
unter Ausschaltung des Retroreflektors 3, also ebenfalls um einen Störfall.The normal operating state of the smoke detector is case B with mutually perpendicular
Vibration levels of polarizer 4 and
Claims (8)
- Linear smoke detector having a transmitter (1) for emitting a light beam which intersects a measured distance, a receiver (2) and a retroreflector (3) which is arranged at a distance from the transmitter/receiver and which rotates the oscillation plane of an instant light beam through a specific angle, a polarizer (4) which is arranged downstream of the transmitter (1) in the beam path and an analyser (5) which is transparent to light with a specific oscillation plane, the aforesaid polarizer (4) being formed by an active polarizer for the controlled rotation of the oscillation plane of the light beam which is emitted by the transmitter (1), in two different planes, and the receiver (2) is designed to link the reception signals which are brought about by the light radiation in these two oscillation planes, characterized in that the analyser (5) is arranged upstream of the receiver (2), and in that the reception signals are linked by forming quotients, one term of the quotient being formed by the reception signal for the case of oscillation planes of the polarizer (4) and analyser (5) which are in the same direction and the other term being formed via the reception signal for the case of oscillation planes of the polarizer (4) and analyser (5) which are rotated through 90° with respect to one another.
- Smoke detector according to Claim 1, characterized in that the retroreflector (3) rotates the oscillation plane of an incident light beam through approximately 90°.
- Smoke detector according to Claim 2, characterized in that the retroreflector (3) is formed by a prism with the shape of a straight pyramid.
- Smoke detector according to Claim 1, characterized in that the denominator of the quotient is formed by the reception signal for the case in which oscillation planes of the polarizer (4) and analyser (5) are in the same direction, and the numerator is formed by the reception signal for the case in which oscillation planes of the polarizer (4) and analyser (5) are rotated through 90° with respect to one another.
- Smoke detector according to Claim 4, characterized in that a value of the quotient of significantly greater than one is interpreted as a sign of an interruption of the beam path from the transmitter (1) to the receiver (2) via the retroreflector (3) as a result of a highly reflective object, a value of the quotient of approximately equal to one is interpreted as a sign of an interruption in the beam path as a result of a diffusely scattering object, and a value of the quotient of significantly less than one is interpreted as a sign of an undisturbed beam path.
- Smoke detector according to Claim 1, characterized in that the denominator of the quotient is formed by the reception signal for the case in which oscillation planes of the polarizer (4) and analyser (5) are rotated through 90° with respect to one another, and the numerator is formed by the reception signal for the case in which oscillation planes of the polarizer (4) and analyser (5) are in the same direction.
- Smoke detector according to Claim 6, characterized in that a value of the quotient of significantly less than one is interpreted as a sign of an interruption in the beam path from the transmitter (1) to the receiver (2) via the retroreflector (3) as a result of a highly reflective object, a value of the quotient of approximately equal to one is interpreted as a sign of an interruption in the beam path as a result of a diffusely scattering object, and a value of the quotient of significantly greater than one is interpreted as a sign of an undisrupted beam path.
- Method for operating the smoke detector according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the normal operating state the polarizer (4) is set in such a way that its oscillation plane is perpendicular to that of the analyser (5), in that the reception signal is compared with a threshold value, and in that when the reception signal drops below the aforesaid threshold value the reception signals in the two oscillation planes are linked in order to verify the reception signal.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE50105124T DE50105124D1 (en) | 2001-06-09 | 2001-06-09 | Linear smoke detector |
EP01114103A EP1265205B1 (en) | 2001-06-09 | 2001-06-09 | Linear smoke detector |
AT01114103T ATE287568T1 (en) | 2001-06-09 | 2001-06-09 | LINEAR SMOKE DETECTOR |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01114103A EP1265205B1 (en) | 2001-06-09 | 2001-06-09 | Linear smoke detector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1265205A1 EP1265205A1 (en) | 2002-12-11 |
EP1265205B1 true EP1265205B1 (en) | 2005-01-19 |
Family
ID=8177687
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01114103A Expired - Lifetime EP1265205B1 (en) | 2001-06-09 | 2001-06-09 | Linear smoke detector |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1265205B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE287568T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE50105124D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE50301082D1 (en) * | 2003-01-29 | 2005-10-06 | Siemens Building Tech Ag | Method and tool for installing a linear smoke detector |
GB2588129B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-12-29 | Ffe Ltd | Improvements in or relating to beam detectors |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2824583C3 (en) * | 1978-06-05 | 1985-10-03 | Erwin Sick Gmbh Optik-Elektronik, 7808 Waldkirch | Reflective light barrier for the detection of highly reflective objects within a monitoring path traversed by a bundle of rays |
US5502434A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1996-03-26 | Hockiki Kabushiki Kaisha | Smoke sensor |
DE29707066U1 (en) * | 1997-04-21 | 1997-08-14 | IMOS Gubela GmbH, 77871 Renchen | Microretroflector |
-
2001
- 2001-06-09 EP EP01114103A patent/EP1265205B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-09 AT AT01114103T patent/ATE287568T1/en active
- 2001-06-09 DE DE50105124T patent/DE50105124D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1265205A1 (en) | 2002-12-11 |
DE50105124D1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
ATE287568T1 (en) | 2005-02-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE2824583C3 (en) | Reflective light barrier for the detection of highly reflective objects within a monitoring path traversed by a bundle of rays | |
DE19707417C2 (en) | Optoelectronic device | |
EP2722684A1 (en) | Laser scanner | |
EP0360126A2 (en) | Operation method for an optical smoke detector and smoke detector for carrying out the method | |
DE4238116C2 (en) | Retro-reflective sensor with side-by-side transmission and reception optics | |
DE102005013317B4 (en) | Retroreflective | |
EP0200186B1 (en) | Light barrier | |
EP0333724B1 (en) | Device for identifying a code on a code support | |
EP0310932B1 (en) | Light barrier with reflector | |
DE19801632C2 (en) | Reflex light barrier, in particular for the detection of transparent, polarizing materials, and a method for improving the interference immunity of reflex light barriers | |
EP3113133B1 (en) | Smoke detector with combined coverage and particle detection at the smoke inlet opening | |
EP1265205B1 (en) | Linear smoke detector | |
DE19924470A1 (en) | Reflective photoelectric barrier comprises sender which emits polarised light, reflector and receiver. | |
WO2020064935A1 (en) | Scattered light smoke detector having a two-color led, a photosensor, and a wavelength-selective polarizer connected upstream of the photosensor or connected downstream of the two-color led, and suitable use of such a polarizer | |
EP2256522A1 (en) | Reflection light barrier sensor | |
EP1780559B1 (en) | Optical sensor | |
DE19913156B4 (en) | Optoelectronic device | |
DE10016892B4 (en) | Optoelectronic device | |
EP2722692B1 (en) | Sensor | |
CH689336A5 (en) | Photocell. | |
DE102021112212A1 (en) | Optical sensor and method of operating an optical sensor | |
EP1391860A1 (en) | Linear smoke detector | |
DE19614872C1 (en) | Light sensor for detecting object in monitoring region on detection plane | |
DE10029865A1 (en) | Reflection light barrier has receiver that is provided with near and remote elements, such that evaluation unit outputs switching signal whose status depends on which element reception light beams strike | |
EP0133990B1 (en) | Smoke sensor arrangement operating by the extinguish principle, and fire assembly having such a smoke sensor arrangement |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20030602 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20040210 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050119 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050119 Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050119 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050119 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050119 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050119 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: GERMAN |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 50105124 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20050224 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050419 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050419 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050419 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050430 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20050609 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050609 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050630 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050630 |
|
NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
GBV | Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed] |
Effective date: 20050119 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20051020 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PFA Owner name: SIEMENS BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES AG C-IPR Free format text: SIEMENS BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES AG#BELLERIVESTRASSE 36#8034 ZUERICH (CH) -TRANSFER TO- SIEMENS BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES AG C-IPR#GUBELSTRASSE 22#6300 ZUG (CH) |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: SIEMENS BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES A.G. Effective date: 20050630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050619 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: TP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PUE Owner name: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Free format text: SIEMENS BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES AG C-IPR#GUBELSTRASSE 22#6300 ZUG (CH) -TRANSFER TO- SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT#WITTELSBACHERPLATZ 2#80333 MUENCHEN (DE) Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: SIEMENS SCHWEIZ AG |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20110914 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20120820 Year of fee payment: 12 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20120711 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20120508 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MM01 Ref document number: 287568 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20130609 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 50105124 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20140101 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20140228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140101 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130630 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130701 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130609 |