EP1265036B1 - Elastische Befestigung einer Turbinenbrennkammer aus keramischem Matrix-Verbundwerkstoff in einem metallischen Gehäuse - Google Patents
Elastische Befestigung einer Turbinenbrennkammer aus keramischem Matrix-Verbundwerkstoff in einem metallischen Gehäuse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1265036B1 EP1265036B1 EP02291365A EP02291365A EP1265036B1 EP 1265036 B1 EP1265036 B1 EP 1265036B1 EP 02291365 A EP02291365 A EP 02291365A EP 02291365 A EP02291365 A EP 02291365A EP 1265036 B1 EP1265036 B1 EP 1265036B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- turbomachine according
- gasket
- composite material
- turbomachine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/60—Support structures; Attaching or mounting means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/007—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel constructed mainly of ceramic components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2230/00—Manufacture
- F05B2230/60—Assembly methods
- F05B2230/604—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centering, e.g. pins
- F05B2230/606—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centering, e.g. pins using maintaining alignment while permitting differential dilatation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the specific field of turbomachines and is more particularly concerned with the problem of mounting a combustion chamber made of a composite material of the CMC (ceramic matrix composite) type in the metal casing of a turbomachine.
- CMC ceramic matrix composite
- Such a turbomachine is known from GB 1,570,875 .
- the high pressure turbine including its inlet nozzle (HPT nozzle), the combustion chamber and the housing (also called envelope) of this chamber are made of the same material, generally metallic .
- HPT nozzle inlet nozzle
- the combustion chamber and the housing (also called envelope) of this chamber are made of the same material, generally metallic .
- the use of a metal chamber is from a thermal point of view totally inadequate and it must be resorted to a chamber based on CMC type high temperature composite materials.
- the difficulties of implementation of these materials and their cost make their use is most often limited to the combustion chamber itself, the inlet valve of the high pressure turbine and the casing then remaining more typically made in metallic materials.
- metal materials and composite materials have very different coefficients of thermal expansion. This results in particularly acute problems of connection between the housing and the combustion chamber and interface at the distributor at the inlet of the high pressure turbine.
- the present invention overcomes these disadvantages by proposing a mounting of the combustion chamber in the casing having the capacity to absorb the displacements induced by the differences in the expansion coefficients of these parts.
- An object of the invention is also to provide a mounting which allows a simplification of the manufacture of the combustion chamber.
- a turbomachine comprising, in an annular envelope of metallic material and in a direction F of flow of gas, a fuel injection assembly, an annular combustion chamber of composite material having a longitudinal axis and an annular distributor of metallic material forming the fixed blade inlet stage of a high pressure turbine, said chamber combustion device made of composite material being held in position in said annular metal casing by a plurality of tongues of elastic material, regularly distributed around said combustion chamber, characterized in that each of these tabs comprises three branches connected in a star, the ends of two of these three branches being fixed integrally to a downstream end of said combustion chamber of composite material, opposite to said injection system, respectively first and second fixing means and the end of the last of these three branches being fixed solidarily to said annular metallic envelope by third securing means, the elasticity of said fastening tabs allowing high temperatures free radial expansion of said combustion chamber relative to said annular envelope.
- the first, second and third fixing means are each preferably constituted by a plurality of bolts.
- only the third fastening means are constituted by a plurality of bolts, the first and second fixing means being each preferably constituted by a plurality of crimping elements.
- the turbomachine of the invention further comprises a closing ferrule of ceramic composite material fixedly secured to said downstream end of said combustion chamber and intended to form a support plane for a seal ensuring the seal between said chamber of combustion and said dispenser.
- This closure ferrule is preferably brazed to said downstream end of the combustion chamber. It may comprise a return portion disposed in the extension of the wall of the combustion chamber.
- the support plane of the seal is formed in a plane perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said combustion chamber.
- the support plane of the seal is formed in a plane parallel to said longitudinal axis of said combustion chamber.
- the seal is preferably of the "omega" seal type.
- the support plane of the seal is formed in a plane inclined with respect to said longitudinal axis of said combustion chamber.
- the seal is preferably of the type "slatted" seal held against said closure ferrule by means of an elastic element secured to said distributor.
- this seal may comprise a plurality of calibrated leak holes.
- Through-holes 54, 56 formed in the external metal 46 and inner metal platforms 48 of the distributor 42 are furthermore provided to ensure cooling of the fixed vanes 44 of the inlet distributor of the rotor of the high-pressure turbine from the compressed oxidant available at the outlet of the diffusion duct 18 and flowing in two flows F1, F2 on either side of the combustion chamber 24.
- These fixing tabs are mounted for a first part of them (see the tab referenced 58) between the outer annular casing 12 and the outer axial wall 26 of the combustion chamber and for a second part (like the tongue 60). between the inner annular casing 14 and the inner axial wall 28 of the combustion chamber.
- Each flexible fastening tab of metal material for example the tongue 58 shown on the figure 3 , consists of three branches connected in a star to have a general shape of Y with three points of attachment, the ends 62a, 62b; 64a, 64b of two of these three branches being fixed integrally at a downstream end, opposite to the injection system 20, flange 68, 70 (that is disposed in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 10 of the chamber ) of the outer axial wall 26 and inner 28 of the composite material combustion chamber by respectively first 72a, 74a and second 72b, 74b fixing means and the end 76; 78 of the last of these three branches being fastened integrally to one or other of the outer metal annular envelopes 12 or inner 14 by third fastening means 80, 82.
- third fastening means 80, 82 Note that, depending on the required flexibility, a constant width or not, a form of tongue U or V, or other, since it has three points of attachment would be equally conceivable.
- a ceramic composite closure ferrule 84, 86 is fixedly held, for example by brazing, against the flange 68, 70 of the combustion chamber to form a support plane for an omega-type circular seal.
- 88, 90 mounted in a groove 92, 94 of each of the outer 46 and inner platforms 48 of the distributor and intended to seal between the combustion chamber 24 and the distributor 42.
- this ferrule makes it possible, by its sufficient thickness to "drown" the screw heads of the first 72a, 74a and second 72b, 74b fixing means.
- the figure 4 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention in which the downstream end of the combustion chamber no longer has a flange configuration, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber, but on the contrary a configuration is parallel to this axis is inclined with respect thereto (this inclination being able to go up to 90 °).
- These non-perpendicular configurations of the downstream end of the chamber provide an improvement in the manufacture of the walls of the chamber, in particular by allowing better densification of the material in the rays.
- the downstream end 70 of the internal axial wall 28 of the combustion chamber has a configuration parallel to the longitudinal axis 10 of this chamber (see the detail of FIG. figure 6 ) and comes in radial support, via the shell of composite material 86, against the inner circular platform 48 of the distributor.
- this platform is provided with a groove 94 in which is housed a gasket 90 of "omega" type for sealing between the combustion chamber 24 and the distributor 42, at the inner axial wall of this chamber.
- the downstream end 68 of the outer axial wall 26 of the combustion chamber has for its part, as shown in the detail of the figure 5 , a configuration inclined relative to the longitudinal axis 10 of the chamber.
- a shell of composite material 84 is preferably brazed to the downstream end to form a support plane for a seal sealing between the combustion chamber 24 and the distributor 42, at this time of the outer axial wall of this chamber.
- the seal now consists of a "lamellar" type circular seal 106 held against an elastic member 108, preferably a leaf spring, integral with the dispenser.
- FIG. 5A illustrates another variant of an embodiment of the invention in which the fixing of the tongues 58 to the downstream end of the combustion chamber 68 is performed by a crimped connection, the bolts 72a, 72b being replaced by elements of crimp 72c, 72d.
- the closure ring 84 is advantageously provided with a chamber return portion 84a disposed in the extension of the outer wall 26 of the combustion chamber.
- calibrated leakage orifices 110 are provided at the joint 106.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Claims (13)
- Turbomaschine, die - in einem ringförmigen Gehäuse aus metallischem Material (12, 14) und entlang einer Strömungsrichtung F der Gase - eine Einheit zum Einspritzen eines Treibstoffs (20; 22), eine ringförmige Brennkammer aus Verbundwerkstoff (24) mit einer Längsachse (10) sowie ein ringförmiges Leitrad aus metallischem Material (42), welches die Eintrittsstufe mit Leitschaufeln (44) einer Hochdruckturbine bildet, umfaßt, wobei die Brennkammer aus Verbundwerkstoff in dem ringförmigen Metallgehäuse durch eine Vielzahl von flexiblen Metallzungen (58, 60), die um die Brennkammer gleichmäßig verteilt sind, in Position gehalten ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine jede dieser Zungen drei sternförmig verbundene Schenkel aufweist, wobei die Enden (62a, 62b; 64a, 64b) von zwei dieser drei Schenkel mit einem zu dem Einspritzsystem (20) entgegengesetzten stromabwärtigen Ende (68, 70) der Brennkammer aus Verbundwerkstoff (26, 28) durch jeweils erste (72a, 72c; 74a) und zweite (72b, 72d; 74b) Befestigungsmittel fest verbunden sind und wobei das Ende (76, 78) des letzten dieser drei Schenkel mit dem ringförmigen Metallgehäuse (12, 14) durch dritte Befestigungsmittel (80, 82) fest verbunden ist, wobei die Flexibilität der Befestigungszungen bei hohen Temperaturen eine freie radiale Ausdehnung der Brennkammer aus Verbundwerkstoff gegenüber dem ringförmigen Metallgehäuse ermöglicht.
- Turbomaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten, zweiten und dritten Befestigungsmittel jeweils von einer Vielzahl von Bolzen (72a, 74a; 72b, 74b; 80, 82) gebildet sind.
- Turbomaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten und die zweiten Befestigungsmittel jeweils von einer Vielzahl von Crimpelementen (72c, 72d) gebildet sind, während die dritten Befestigungsmittel von einer Vielzahl von Bolzen (80, 82) gebildet sind.
- Turbomaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ferner einen Schließring aus keramischem Verbundwerkstoff (84, 86) umfaßt, der mit dem stromabwärtigen Ende der Brennkammer fest verbunden und dazu bestimmt ist, eine Auflageebene für eine Dichtung (88, 90, 106) zu bilden, welche die Dichtigkeit zwischen der Brennkammer und dem Leitrad sicherstellt.
- Turbomaschine nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schließring an das stromabwärtige Ende der Brennkammer angelötet ist.
- Turbomaschine nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schließring einen Rückwärtsteil (84a) aufweist, der in der Verlängerung der Wand der Brennkammer (26) angeordnet ist.
- Turbomaschine nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auflageebene der Dichtung in einer zur Längsachse der Brennkammer senkrecht verlaufenden Ebene gebildet ist.
- Turbomaschine nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auflageebene der Dichtung in einer zur Längsachse der Brennkammer parallel verlaufenden Ebene gebildet ist.
- Turbomaschine nach Anspruch 7 oder Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dichtung vom Typ "Omega" Dichtung (88, 90) ist.
- Turbomaschine nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auflageebene der Dichtung in einer gegenüber der Längsachse der Brennkammer geneigten Ebene gebildet ist.
- Turbomaschine nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dichtung vom Typ "Lamellen"-Dichtung (106) ist.
- Turbomaschine nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die "Lamellen"-Dichtung mittels eines mit dem Leitrad fest verbundenen elastischen Elements (108) an dem Schließring gehalten ist.
- Turbomaschine nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die "Lamellen"-Dichtung eine Vielzahl kalibrierter Leckageöffnungen (110) aufweist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0107361 | 2001-06-06 | ||
FR0107361A FR2825781B1 (fr) | 2001-06-06 | 2001-06-06 | Montage elastique de chambre ce combustion cmc de turbomachine dans un carter metallique |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1265036A1 EP1265036A1 (de) | 2002-12-11 |
EP1265036B1 true EP1265036B1 (de) | 2008-10-22 |
Family
ID=8863985
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02291365A Expired - Lifetime EP1265036B1 (de) | 2001-06-06 | 2002-06-04 | Elastische Befestigung einer Turbinenbrennkammer aus keramischem Matrix-Verbundwerkstoff in einem metallischen Gehäuse |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6732532B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1265036B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4031292B2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE60229466D1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2825781B1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101981382B (zh) * | 2008-03-28 | 2012-06-13 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | 燃气轮机及燃气轮机的燃烧器插入孔形成方法 |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2840974B1 (fr) * | 2002-06-13 | 2005-12-30 | Snecma Propulsion Solide | Anneau d'etancheite pour cahmbre de combustion et chambre de combustion comportant un tel anneau |
US6775985B2 (en) * | 2003-01-14 | 2004-08-17 | General Electric Company | Support assembly for a gas turbine engine combustor |
FR2855249B1 (fr) * | 2003-05-20 | 2005-07-08 | Snecma Moteurs | Chambre de combustion ayant une liaison souple entre un fond de chambre et une paroi de chambre |
FR2860039B1 (fr) * | 2003-09-19 | 2005-11-25 | Snecma Moteurs | Realisation de l'etancheite dans un turboreacteur pour le prelevement cabine par joints double sens a lamelles |
FR2871846B1 (fr) | 2004-06-17 | 2006-09-29 | Snecma Moteurs Sa | Chambre de combustion en cmc de turbine a gaz supportee dans un carter metallique par des organes de liaison en cmc |
FR2871847B1 (fr) * | 2004-06-17 | 2006-09-29 | Snecma Moteurs Sa | Montage d'un distributeur de turbine sur une chambre de combustion a parois en cmc dans une turbine a gaz |
GB2422874A (en) * | 2005-02-05 | 2006-08-09 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Gas turbine burner expansion bar structure |
US7546743B2 (en) * | 2005-10-12 | 2009-06-16 | General Electric Company | Bolting configuration for joining ceramic combustor liner to metal mounting attachments |
FR2892181B1 (fr) * | 2005-10-18 | 2008-02-01 | Snecma Sa | Fixation d'une chambre de combustion a l'interieur de son carter |
US7637110B2 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2009-12-29 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatuses for assembling a gas turbine engine |
US7493771B2 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2009-02-24 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatuses for assembling a gas turbine engine |
US7523616B2 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2009-04-28 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatuses for assembling a gas turbine engine |
FR2897418B1 (fr) | 2006-02-10 | 2013-03-01 | Snecma | Chambre de combustion annulaire d'une turbomachine |
US8863528B2 (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2014-10-21 | United Technologies Corporation | Ceramic combustor can for a gas turbine engine |
FR2919380B1 (fr) * | 2007-07-26 | 2013-10-25 | Snecma | Chambre de combustion d'une turbomachine. |
US20090067917A1 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-12 | The Boeing Company | Bipod Flexure Ring |
US20120047909A1 (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-03-01 | Nuovo Pignone S.P.A. | Combustor liner concentric support and method |
US8919134B2 (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2014-12-30 | United Technologies Corporation | Intershaft seal with support linkage |
US9335051B2 (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2016-05-10 | United Technologies Corporation | Ceramic matrix composite combustor vane ring assembly |
EP2841749B1 (de) | 2012-04-27 | 2020-02-26 | General Electric Company | Verbindung von ringförmigen gasturbinenmotorelementen |
US9435266B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-09-06 | Rolls-Royce North American Technologies, Inc. | Seals for a gas turbine engine |
US10436446B2 (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2019-10-08 | General Electric Company | Spring loaded and sealed ceramic matrix composite combustor liner |
US9404421B2 (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2016-08-02 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Structural support bracket for gas flow path |
US20170059165A1 (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-02 | Rolls-Royce High Temperature Composites Inc. | Cmc cross-over tube |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2268464A (en) * | 1939-09-29 | 1941-12-30 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Combustion chamber |
US2509503A (en) * | 1946-02-12 | 1950-05-30 | Lucas Ltd Joseph | Combustion chamber for prime movers |
GB1570875A (en) * | 1977-03-16 | 1980-07-09 | Lucas Industries Ltd | Combustion equipment |
CH633351A5 (de) * | 1978-11-09 | 1982-11-30 | Sulzer Ag | Waermedehnungen nachgebende abdichtung einer ringbrennkammer fuer eine gasturbine. |
US4688378A (en) * | 1983-12-12 | 1987-08-25 | United Technologies Corporation | One piece band seal |
US4821522A (en) * | 1987-07-02 | 1989-04-18 | United Technologies Corporation | Sealing and cooling arrangement for combustor vane interface |
US5291733A (en) * | 1993-02-08 | 1994-03-08 | General Electric Company | Liner mounting assembly |
DE19745683A1 (de) * | 1997-10-16 | 1999-04-22 | Bmw Rolls Royce Gmbh | Aufhängung einer ringförmigen Gasturbinen-Brennkammer |
JP4031590B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-08 | 2008-01-09 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 燃焼器の尾筒シール構造及びその構造を用いたガスタービン |
US6397603B1 (en) * | 2000-05-05 | 2002-06-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Conbustor having a ceramic matrix composite liner |
US6334298B1 (en) * | 2000-07-14 | 2002-01-01 | General Electric Company | Gas turbine combustor having dome-to-liner joint |
-
2001
- 2001-06-06 FR FR0107361A patent/FR2825781B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-06-03 JP JP2002161063A patent/JP4031292B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-04 DE DE60229466T patent/DE60229466D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-04 EP EP02291365A patent/EP1265036B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-05 US US10/162,189 patent/US6732532B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101981382B (zh) * | 2008-03-28 | 2012-06-13 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | 燃气轮机及燃气轮机的燃烧器插入孔形成方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20020184890A1 (en) | 2002-12-12 |
DE60229466D1 (de) | 2008-12-04 |
JP4031292B2 (ja) | 2008-01-09 |
FR2825781A1 (fr) | 2002-12-13 |
FR2825781B1 (fr) | 2004-02-06 |
JP2003021334A (ja) | 2003-01-24 |
EP1265036A1 (de) | 2002-12-11 |
US6732532B2 (en) | 2004-05-11 |
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