EP1264180A2 - Element capteur pour la detection optique d'analytes chimiques ou biochimiques - Google Patents

Element capteur pour la detection optique d'analytes chimiques ou biochimiques

Info

Publication number
EP1264180A2
EP1264180A2 EP01916889A EP01916889A EP1264180A2 EP 1264180 A2 EP1264180 A2 EP 1264180A2 EP 01916889 A EP01916889 A EP 01916889A EP 01916889 A EP01916889 A EP 01916889A EP 1264180 A2 EP1264180 A2 EP 1264180A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor element
cavities
cover layer
substrate
element according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01916889A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ralf WALDHÄUSL
Norbert Danz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP1264180A2 publication Critical patent/EP1264180A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • G01N21/648—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters using evanescent coupling or surface plasmon coupling for the excitation of fluorescence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/251—Colorimeters; Construction thereof
    • G01N21/253—Colorimeters; Construction thereof for batch operation, i.e. multisample apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
    • G01N21/552—Attenuated total reflection
    • G01N21/553—Attenuated total reflection and using surface plasmons
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
    • G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
    • G01N33/54373—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to sensor elements for the optical detection of chemical or biochemical analytes, which can be contained in different samples.
  • the detection of the chemical or biochemical analytes can take place using known physical effects, whereby an evanescent field with a limited penetration depth is formed at the interfaces due to the incident light due to total reflection. Fluorescence on fluorophores can then be excited in the evanescent field,
  • SPR Surface plasmon resonance
  • the invention is particularly suitable for the evaluation of a large number of differently prepared samples, as can be used with the smallest sample volumes in screening methods introduced from the pharmacological search for active substances.
  • the achievable miniaturization has a particularly advantageous effect here, which is particularly suitable in relation to the microtiter plates that have been used to date, in which a limited number of so-called wells can be used.
  • plastic materials also tend to fluoresce or absorb.
  • the number of samples to be examined on such an element is limited, since if the individual samples are arranged too densely and the fields are separated from one another, the fluorescent light to be measured has a mutual influence.
  • the basic requirement is the separation of the individual, usually different samples, so that the different samples cannot be exchanged and the measurement signals from neighboring samples can be separated from each other (optical
  • the known physical principle of forming an evanescent field is used by total reflection of incident light at an optical interface.
  • the samples are recorded in cavities which are separate from one another, the samples being arranged within the evanescent field formed.
  • the structuring for the formation of the cavitates in the cover layer formed on the substrate can take place in such a way that the bottom of the individual cavitates is formed directly by the substrate material.
  • a certain layer thickness of the cover layer material can also be present between the respective substrate surface and the bottom of the cavities, although it must be ensured in any case that the samples are at least partially arranged within the evanescent field formed.
  • the excitation light is coupled into at least one optical waveguide, at whose interfaces total reflection occurs and the optical waveguide (s) is / are arranged at least below the bottoms of cavities.
  • the optical waveguides can be arranged on the surface of the substrate, but can also be embedded in the substrate material.
  • strip light waveguides offer advantages, the arrangement of which is adapted to the arrangement of the cavities arranged in the structured cover layer.
  • a strip light waveguide can be arranged and used for each row of cavities. It is also possible to use light with different wavelengths for each strip optical waveguide.
  • Strip light waveguides have advantages over planar waveguides. They achieve a more uniform light distribution and consequently form a more uniform evanescent field, so that the measurement errors can be reduced. There a more precise assignment and better optical separation can be achieved, a mutual influence of the measurement signals from the individual cavities is greatly reduced.
  • substrate materials that are not transparent or absorbent can also be used.
  • a sufficiently thick, non-absorbing and lower refractive optical buffer layer between the substrate and the optical waveguide is required.
  • a substrate material is, for example, silicon.
  • the sensor element according to the invention is not only suitable for carrying out fluorescence immunoassays, but the physical effect of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) can also be exploited.
  • the optical waveguide (s) are coated in a manner known per se with a thin metal layer made of, for example, gold or silver. It is sufficient to provide the surface of the optical waveguide with such a metal layer in some areas, the coating being able to be carried out by known thin-film processes and at least one coating of the optical waveguide surface in the region of cavities of the sensor element according to the invention. It L ⁇ to to HH
  • the procedure can be such that the cover layer is applied directly to a substrate, which can be made of glass or a plastic, for example.
  • a substrate which can be made of glass or a plastic, for example.
  • a wafer e.g. made of silicon.
  • An optical waveguide which is optionally additionally provided with a metal layer, can be applied or embedded in the substrate material on site, so that the cover layer is formed or arranged above the regions in which one or more optical waveguides are formed are, is present.
  • the cover layer can be formed by conventional immersion methods, but preferably by spin coating, in which case the layer thickness can be influenced and adjusted by the spin speed and the concentration of a solvent used.
  • the solvent is removed by an appropriate temperature treatment, and the outer layer is structured accordingly to form the desired cavities, the structuring being able to be produced using photolithographic methods known from microtechnology, which are used in conjunction with etching ,
  • ⁇ PJ ⁇ ⁇ - 03 • Hi Pi 03 ⁇ ⁇ Ul ⁇ D. ⁇ rt tr P ⁇ - ⁇ N ⁇ - rt
  • substrate materials which have a relatively low etching rate compared to the other materials and in particular the cover layer material, as is e.g. is the case with silica.
  • the surface of such materials then acts as a natural etch stop.
  • it can be ensured with relatively little effort during the plasma chemical etching (eg oxygen-plasma etching) that the residual layer thickness of the cover layer at the bottom of the cavities is zero or at least close to zero and consequently the samples taken in the cavities are in the area of the evanescent formed Field are arranged.
  • the sensor elements according to the invention with the correspondingly structured structured cover layers meet the requirements mentioned in the introduction to the description almost optimally, since they do not allow any signals from adsorbed analyte or target molecules outside the cavities and also use parts of the cover layer between formed cavitates to obtain reference signals can be, since the light emerging from the surface of the cover layer in these areas can also be detected and used for referencing.
  • the measurement signals of samples recorded in neighboring cavities can be compared with the Measurement signal that has been obtained from the intermediate cover layer can be standardized.
  • a comparability of all samples can be guaranteed even with a relatively large number of cavities and consequently also a large number of individual samples.
  • the top layer structure can also be used for measuring error compensation.
  • a certain resonance angle or, in the case of a spectral measurement, the resonance wavelength for the respective system can depend on the refractive index of the cover layer material on the respective metal layer.
  • the layer thickness of the metal layer must also be taken into account, which in turn can vary over the surface due to the manufacturing process. This variation can also be determined by the above-mentioned determination of reference measured values the cavities are taken into account.
  • Figure 1 shows in schematic form an approach for structured immobilization
  • Figure 2 shows in schematic form an approach for the material separation of different samples by means of a partition material
  • Figure 3 shows an example of a sensor element according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a modified example of a sensor element according to FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 shows a second example of a sensor element according to the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a modified sensor element according to FIG. 5
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a sensor element with several rows of cavities
  • FIG. 8 shows a fourth example of a sensor element according to the invention with a strip light waveguide embedded in a substrate
  • FIG. 9 shows an example modified from the example shown in FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 shows an example of a sensor element according to the invention for utilizing the surface plasmon resonance;
  • Figure 12 shows another example of a sensor element with an additional absorbent layer.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically how structured immobilization is to be achieved using hydrophobic long-chain molecules. It is indicated that unspecific adsorption of the target molecule, analyte or target-analyte complex can result in measurement errors from adjacent and appropriately immobilized samples for the detection of targeted analytes.
  • partition walls 3 between samples arranged separately from one another, both a material separation and an optical separation can be achieved with a suitable partition wall material.
  • the height 6 of the partition walls 3, starting from a substrate surface, should be at least greater than the depth of penetration of the evanescent field, which has been indicated by the dashed line.
  • FIG. 3 shows a first example of a sensor element according to the invention.
  • a so-called strip optical waveguide 1 arranged or applied.
  • excitation light is coupled into this strip light waveguide.
  • a cover layer 3 made of amorphous fluorinated polymer was applied above the surface of the substrate 2 and, of course, also the strip light waveguide 1, and the cavities 4 which were formed in this example by, were then formed by photolithographic and etching processes reach directly onto the surface of the strip light waveguide 1.
  • the remaining height 6 of the cover layer 3 starting from the surface of the strip light waveguide 1 to the upper edge of the
  • Cover layer 3 be greater than the penetration depth of the evanescent field.
  • the different samples can then be introduced into the cavities 4 and a measurement of the excited ones
  • Fluorescent light of the light emerging from the cavities 4 here upwards is carried out with the aid of one or more optical detectors / detectors above, not shown here, or interferometric measurements are carried out using the light transmitted in the waveguides.
  • the walls 5 of the cavities form the interfaces between the samples with the analytes contained therein and the cover layer material.
  • Fluorescence is evaluated essentially vertically.
  • Other measured variables such as phase differences, changes in refractive index, change in absorption, can be measured along the waveguide. Phase differences of at least two light signals, that of different locations of the sensor element have been obtained, can then in turn be interferometrically converted into intensity differences and evaluated.
  • the example shown in FIG. 4 differs from the example according to FIG. 3 only in that the bottoms of the cavities 4 are arranged at a distance 7 from the surface of the strip light waveguide 1, the distance 7 however having to be less than the penetration depth of the evanescent field.
  • optical waveguides are dispensed with and the substrate 8 must be transparent to the excitation light used and have a higher refractive index than the material for the structured cover layer 9, so that the excitation light radiated into the substrate 8 is present the interface to the cover layer 9, with a corresponding one
  • Angle at which total reflection occurs can create an evanescent field above the interface.
  • the substrate 8 functions as a planar one
  • Optical fiber can take over by total reflection can be achieved at the interfaces with irradiated excitation light.
  • the example shown in FIG. 6 differs from the example shown in FIG. 5 only in that the bottoms of the cavities are arranged at a distance 11 from the surface of the substrate 8. It should again be ensured that the distance 11 is less than the depth of penetration of the evanescent ⁇ t to HH L ⁇ o L ⁇ o L ⁇ o L ⁇
  • ⁇ PJ tr rt er 03 ii K. er fi ⁇ ⁇ ti ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ - rt ⁇ ⁇ rt Pi er rt 03 rt ISl CQ ⁇ LQ P ) ⁇ - 03 ⁇ Hi ti ⁇ Hi ⁇ Ti P. Pi ⁇ - H ⁇ LQ ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ rt rt 0 PJ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ d 0 ⁇ ⁇ - MN ⁇ ii ⁇ in ⁇ ⁇ Ü 0 ⁇ H
  • the light of the samples emerging through the openings which are formed in the absorbent layer 15 can be detected in a spatially resolved manner by an optical detector or a detector array and assigned to the respective samples.
  • the divergence of the light emerging from the cavities 4 and consequently also a mutual influence of measurement signals from neighboring samples can be reduced.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément capteur destiné à la détection optique d'analytes chimiques ou biochimiques pouvant être contenus dans différents échantillons. Selon l'invention, le volume d'échantillon nécessaire est réduit et les échantillons individuels peuvent être disposés de manière relativement serrée, avec toutefois une précision de mesure élevée. L'élément capteur comporte au moins une surface limite sur laquelle un champ évanescent est formé à la suite d'une réflexion totale. Les échantillons sont reçus dans des cavités séparées les unes par rapport aux autres, et les cavités sont formées dans une couche de couverture structurée directement appliquée sur un substrat. L'épaisseur de la couche de couverture est au moins supérieure à la profondeur de pénétration du champ évanescent. La couche de couverture est composée d'un polymère fluoré et empêche un transfert de matière entre les échantillons individuels reçus dans les différentes cavités.
EP01916889A 2000-03-13 2001-02-16 Element capteur pour la detection optique d'analytes chimiques ou biochimiques Withdrawn EP1264180A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10012793A DE10012793C2 (de) 2000-03-13 2000-03-13 Sensorelement zur optischen Detektion von chemischen oder biochemischen Analyten
DE10012793 2000-03-13
PCT/DE2001/000672 WO2001069256A2 (fr) 2000-03-13 2001-02-16 Element capteur pour la detection optique d'analytes chimiques ou biochimiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1264180A2 true EP1264180A2 (fr) 2002-12-11

Family

ID=7634935

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01916889A Withdrawn EP1264180A2 (fr) 2000-03-13 2001-02-16 Element capteur pour la detection optique d'analytes chimiques ou biochimiques

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20030132406A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1264180A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003531361A (fr)
AU (1) AU4407101A (fr)
DE (1) DE10012793C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001069256A2 (fr)

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JP6029899B2 (ja) * 2012-09-07 2016-11-24 日東電工株式会社 Ｓｐｒセンサセルおよびｓｐｒセンサ
EP4123294A1 (fr) * 2012-12-18 2023-01-25 Pacific Biosciences Of California, Inc. Dispositif d'analyse optique
US20140311925A1 (en) * 2013-01-09 2014-10-23 Case Western Reserve University In vitro point-of-care sensor and method of use
EP2959283B1 (fr) 2013-02-22 2022-08-17 Pacific Biosciences of California, Inc. Eclairage intégré de dispositifs analytiques optiques
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001069256A2 (fr) 2001-09-20
US20030132406A1 (en) 2003-07-17
DE10012793C2 (de) 2002-01-24
AU4407101A (en) 2001-09-24
WO2001069256A3 (fr) 2002-04-11
DE10012793A1 (de) 2001-09-27
JP2003531361A (ja) 2003-10-21

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