EP1256502B1 - Protection contre les accidents et les incendies pour véhicules - Google Patents

Protection contre les accidents et les incendies pour véhicules Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1256502B1
EP1256502B1 EP02010109A EP02010109A EP1256502B1 EP 1256502 B1 EP1256502 B1 EP 1256502B1 EP 02010109 A EP02010109 A EP 02010109A EP 02010109 A EP02010109 A EP 02010109A EP 1256502 B1 EP1256502 B1 EP 1256502B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
vehicles
measuring
detectors
difference
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02010109A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1256502A2 (fr
EP1256502A3 (fr
Inventor
Rolf Käufer
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Kaufer Rolf
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Kaufer Rolf
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/04—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the prevention of accidents by road, rail and air vehicles.
  • a device for the technical inspection of vehicles is z. B. known from DE-A1-19826220.
  • Accidents of road, rail and air vehicles can be caused by human or technical failure.
  • the technical causes include, for example, faults in brakes, tires, wheels, wheel rims, wheel bearings and engines.
  • these errors have particularly fatal consequences when they occur in tunnels and on bridges, because there are only insufficient escape possibilities. But even on supposedly safe routes devastating consequences in technical damage can not be ruled out.
  • An example of this is the derailment of a train and subsequent collision with a bridge pier.
  • the required take-off distance and the speed required for take-off can be calculated precisely, depending on take-off weight and meteorological influences.
  • the crew is unable to determine during the launch whether a damaged wheel bearing or a hanging brake will affect the calculated values dangerously. A number of total losses has already occurred because by these causes after the retraction of the chassis, a tire has been overheated, burst and destroyed vital hydraulic lines.
  • Another problem is that a large area of the aircraft during the start, ie in a phase in which the start can still be canceled, in flames, without the crew can determine this, because the corresponding sensors are only in the cool area of the engine, such as the accident of Concorde in Paris.
  • the invention has for its object to prevent the above-mentioned accidents in an improved manner.
  • a device for the technical inspection of vehicles which has two mounted on both sides of a roadway detectors.
  • the detectors are positioned so that physical properties can be measured on two devices mounted symmetrically on the vehicle.
  • Such devices are for example tires and wheel bearings on a car.
  • a physical property within the meaning of the invention is, for example, the development of noise or the temperature occurring during the tire or the wheel bearing.
  • the device comprises an evaluation unit, with the a difference between two values measured simultaneously by the two detectors is evaluated.
  • a warning device is provided in the device which emits a warning signal when the evaluation results in the exceeding of a predetermined threshold value.
  • the warning signal is transmitted, for example, to the vehicle driver. This may be associated with the request to stop his vehicle.
  • a traffic light switching to red when the threshold value is exceeded can be a warning device in the sense of the invention.
  • Microphones for noise measurement and / or temperature measuring devices are in one embodiment of the invention as. Detectors used.
  • a tunnel represents a typical danger point in the sense of the invention, since an accident in a tunnel is associated with particularly great dangers for the other road users.
  • the device is therefore preferably before entering a tunnel or underpass or before or at the beginning of a runway for aircraft.
  • the device is in the context of the invention "before" such a danger spot attached when checked by this attachment, the vehicles that are likely to pass the danger point actually.
  • a diversion may still be provided before the tunnel to redirect defective vehicles over this.
  • a vehicle physical properties such as temperatures and / or noise in two symmetrically mounted on the vehicle facilities are measured.
  • Tires, wheels, wheel bearings, exhausts and / or engines represent such facilities.
  • the difference between two of the simultaneously measured physical properties is determined.
  • the vehicle is stopped when the difference exceeds a predetermined threshold and thus indicates a defect.
  • the measurement is carried out stationary.
  • the stationary measurement is to be preferred, if particularly dangerous tracks are to be universally secured. Examples of this are entrances into a tunnel or a runway of an airport. All vehicles are then checked that enter a tunnel or that want to take off from a runway, regardless of the individual safety features of the respective vehicle.
  • bearing noise and / or temperatures occurring are measured externally and without contact.
  • sensors for the non-contact measurement of the temperatures and / or the sound generated by passing vehicles are set up on the left and right of a vehicle lane. Be strong'different Registered measuring signals, this may for example be caused by a defective wheel bearing. A warning signal is then output and the affected vehicle is stopped manually or by means of a traffic light system.
  • Tire, wheel and bearing temperatures, as well as the temperature of individual parts of the cargo in road vehicles can be determined when driving through a test section. By subtracting the measured temperatures with or without statistical evaluation, faults or damage occurring on the aforementioned parts can be detected early.
  • Engine and exhaust gas temperatures in aircraft can be specifically measured.
  • By subtraction of thermal images with or without evaluation by a neural network then represents the value that is used to identify incidents.
  • Chassis and / or wheel bearing temperatures of aircraft before and during take-off can be measured symmetrically to obtain information regarding possible defects.
  • the speed of the invention is preferred and accelerate or decelerate the vehicles. It is then checked, for example, whether temperatures that occur in tires or wheel bearings, move in the normal context. Otherwise, a warning signal is issued.
  • This embodiment differs from the aforementioned in that no reference signal is measured. Instead, absolute values are evaluated and a warning signal is issued if a fault is suspected as a result. The warning signal is forwarded either to the vehicle driver and / or to an external location, from which the necessary protective measures are initiated manually or automatically.
  • An acceleration or deceleration is measured, as this causes typical changes in the operating state. These are to be considered in the evaluation or evaluation.
  • the invention is used stationary.
  • the stationary version is especially designed so that These can be brought to a different location from the weight and the technical effort at any time.
  • the cost of stationary measuring equipment is extremely low because a single plant can inspect many thousands of vehicles daily.
  • complete coverage of all road, rail and runway users is only possible with a stationary system.
  • measuring points in front of the entrances to the stations and ferries are advantageous because there the uncoupling of a defective vehicle causes the least problems.
  • Further measuring points are to be provided, in particular, against slow-moving traffic, and hiking construction sites. These measuring points must be placed far enough in front of the corresponding danger spot that the driver is prompted to brake by means of a radio signal and can reduce the speed with normal braking, provided that he has not initiated any delay at this point. If he does not respond to this signal, it goes out after a short time delay another signal, which is switched so that then an automatic braking is initiated. With the use of the device according to the invention, the heavy railway accident in Brühl, Germany, could have been prevented.
  • Trucks and their cargo should be inspected for possible heat radiation before entering a ferry, but also before being loaded onto "piggy-back trains", in order to prevent future fires such as those in the tunnel under the English Channel some time ago.
  • wheel rims can be detected by inductive proximity sensors.
  • Type of detector used regardless of the type of traffic (air, rail, road)
  • induction switches which are triggered by the metal rim of the wheel of a rail vehicle.
  • neural networks make sense, as it also the evaluation of the Picture of a complete vehicle allows.
  • the above-mentioned sensors for identifying a single wheel can be dispensed with, for example. It is then evaluated only the difference between the two sides.
  • neural networks are also able to detect construction-related differences such as the location of the exhaust system in trucks. In addition, it is then possible to identify sources of fire of cargoes.
  • FIG. 1 a vehicle is sketched in plan view, which is provided with four wheels and drives into a measuring point at a speed v.
  • the four wheels generate thermal images T 1 (L), T 2 (L), T 1 (R) and T 2 (R).
  • the measuring point is equipped with several pressure sensors (D1, R), (D2, R), (D3, R), (D1, L), (D2, L), (D3, L) as well as a right and a left infrared camera (M , L) or (M, R).
  • the pressure sensors (D1, R), (D2, R), (D3, R) and (D1, L), (D2, L), (D3, L) are arranged one behind the other with a respective distance d.
  • a right first pressure sensor (D1, R) is assigned a first right transmitter (S1, R), a right second pressure sensor (D2, R) is a second right transmitter (S2, R), etc. Measured values are transmitted to an evaluation unit via the transmitters.
  • the aforementioned first pair of wheels is detected for the second time at time t 1, namely by the pressure sensors (D 2 , R) as well as (D 2 , L).
  • the velocities v 1, R and v 1, L , with which the two detected objects move are calculated according to past time and distance covered v 1 .
  • R ( t 0 . R - t i . R ) / d
  • v 1 . L ( t 0 . L - t 1 . L ) / d determined. If the determined speeds match, this is an indication to the system that the detected objects are actually a pair of wheels.
  • the aforementioned first wheel pair is detected for the third time by the pressure sensors (D3, R) as well as (D3, L).
  • the second rear wheel pair acts on the pressure sensors (D1, L) and (D1, R).
  • the speed of the wheels of the first pair of wheels are according to v 2 .
  • R ( t 1 . R - t 2 . R ) / d and v 2 .
  • L ( t 1 . L - t 2 . L ) / d reassessed and compared. If the velocities v 2, R and v 2, L coincide again, the detected objects are identified as the front pair of wheels by the system.
  • the detection of the rear wheel pair may be consulted.
  • the front pair of wheels is identified as a pair of wheels only when a subsequent pair of wheels from the first two pressure sensors (D1, R) and (D1, L) in a typical for motor vehicles distance of a few meters, such as less than 6 Meters is detected.
  • the movement type is evaluated as follows.
  • the measuring time t 3 is calculated on the basis of the driving behavior and the speed.
  • the front wheel pair is at the same height as the infrared cameras (M, L) and (M, R).
  • the time t 3 has advantageously been calculated by the system beforehand on the basis of the determined speed together with a possibly determined acceleration or deceleration, so that the system "knows" with great accuracy the time at which the thermal images must be recorded.
  • FIG. 6 shows the plot of the determined normalized average values as a function of a consecutive numbering x.
  • FIG. 6 clarifies that based on empirical values, a temperature difference threshold value OEG is determined which here corresponds to the dotted line. When the threshold value is exceeded, an alarm is triggered. According to FIG. 6, this is the case for the value T 16, n .
  • the thermal images taken at time t 3 are also evaluated. First, difference images are determined. Examples of possible results are shown in FIGS. 7a to 7c.
  • one tire is significantly warmer than the other, indicating too low a one-sided air pressure.
  • a brake has overheated because one rim flange is considerably hotter than the opposite one.
  • a bearing has overheated because the overheated area concentrates on the area of the axis compared to the reference value.
  • the measured absolute temperature values can also be evaluated as a function of the speed and driving behavior. If the absolute measured values deviate from empirical values and a threshold value determined therefrom, an alarm is triggered.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
  • Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Dispositif de vérification technique de véhicules,
    - comprenant deux détecteurs (M, R, M, L) disposés des deux côtés d'une voie de circulation,
    - comprenant une unité d'analyse au moyen de laquelle on analyse une différence entre deux valeurs mesurées de façon isochrone par les deux détecteurs,
    - et comprenant un dispositif d'avertissement émettant un signal d'avertissement si l'analyse indique le dépassement d'une valeur seuil prédéterminée (OEG).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel des microphones et/ou des appareils de mesure de température servant notamment à l'enregistrement d'images thermiques sont utilisés en tant que détecteurs.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, où le dispositif est placé devant l'entrée dans un tunnel ou d'un passage souterrain, ou devant ou au début d'une piste de décollage pour avions.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où des moyens 1 à i (Si,R,Di,R, Si,R, Di,r, Si,L, Di,L, Si,L, Di,L) de mesure de la vitesse et/ou de mesure de l'accélération ou décélération d'un véhicule sont prévus, i=1 représentant notamment une simple détection, i=2 représentant une mesure de la vitesse, et i=3 représentant une mesure de l'accélération.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, où des moyens (S1,R, D1,R, S1,R, D1,r, S1,L, D1,L, S1,L, D1,L) de mesure de la vitesse et/ou de mesure de l'accélération ou décélération de roues individuelles d'un véhicule sont prévus.
  6. Procédé de surveillance technique de véhicules, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    - mesure isochrone des températures et/ou bruits rencontrés sur deux dispositifs montés de façon symétrique sur un véhicule en mouvement, en particulier des pneus, des roues, des roulements de roues, des pots d'échappement et/ou des machines de propulsion monté(e)s sur le véhicule, au moyen d'un dispositif selon les revendications 1, 2, 3,
    - détermination d'une différence entre deux températures ou bruits mesuré(e)s de façon isochrone, et
    - arrêt du véhicule, si la différence dépasse une valeur seuil prédéterminée.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel le véhicule est arrêté avant de pénétrer dans un tunnel, dans un passage souterrain, ou à l'entrée de, ou sur une piste de décollage pour avions, en cas de dépassement de la valeur seuil.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des deux revendications précédentes, dans lequel les vitesses, les accélérations, et/ou les décélérations du véhicule ou de certains composants du véhicule sont mesurées et analysées.
EP02010109A 2001-05-08 2002-05-08 Protection contre les accidents et les incendies pour véhicules Expired - Lifetime EP1256502B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10122183A DE10122183B4 (de) 2001-05-08 2001-05-08 Unfall-/Brandschutz bei Fahrzeugen
DE10122183 2001-05-08

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1256502A2 EP1256502A2 (fr) 2002-11-13
EP1256502A3 EP1256502A3 (fr) 2003-10-29
EP1256502B1 true EP1256502B1 (fr) 2006-04-05

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EP02010109A Expired - Lifetime EP1256502B1 (fr) 2001-05-08 2002-05-08 Protection contre les accidents et les incendies pour véhicules

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EP (1) EP1256502B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE322413T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10122183B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202005015790U1 (de) * 2005-10-07 2005-12-29 Neuroth, Bernd Temperatur-Überwachungsvorrichtung für Radsatzlager
DE202007006904U1 (de) * 2007-05-14 2007-07-19 Neuroth, Bernd, Colmenar Viejo Überwachungsvorrichtung für die Radsätze von Schienenfahrzeuge
RU2450947C1 (ru) * 2010-12-14 2012-05-20 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Российские Железные Дороги" Автоматизированная система контроля ходовых частей вагонов с автоматизированным рабочим местом осмотрщика вагонов при встрече поезда "сходу"
RU2450948C1 (ru) * 2010-12-14 2012-05-20 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Российские Железные Дороги" Автоматизированная система контроля ходовых частей вагонов
DE102019215666B4 (de) * 2019-10-11 2022-09-22 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Prozesseinheit zur Bremsgeräuscherkennung von durch ein Egofahrzeug erzeugten Bremsgeräuschen, Egofahrzeug und Verfahren
CN112498282B (zh) * 2020-11-12 2022-04-29 岚图汽车科技有限公司 电动汽车失火自动报警装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4238151C2 (de) * 1992-11-12 2002-11-28 Rabotek Ind Comp Gmbh Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Temperatur von Eisenbahnfahrzeugen und Fahrzeugkomponenten und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE19826422C2 (de) * 1998-06-05 2002-09-26 Bernd Woop Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Kontrolle der Radsätze von Schienenfahrzeugen auf mechanische Defekte und fehlerhaften Radlauf, sowie Detektion von gefährlichen Fahrzuständen
DE19826220A1 (de) * 1998-06-09 1999-12-23 Tamas Diebel Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von Fahrwerkschäden an Schienenfahrzeugen während der Fahrt
DE19826437A1 (de) * 1998-06-13 1999-12-16 Werner Schubert Kontrollvorrichtungen an Fahrwerken von Schienenbahnen
DE19830685A1 (de) * 1998-07-04 2000-01-05 Dieter H Gaertner Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Betriebsgeräusches von Transportmitteln und/oder zur Überwachung von Fahrstecken für Schienenfahrzeuge
DE19911848A1 (de) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-21 Robert Kuehn Verfahren zur Überwachung von Daten betreffend den Betrieb von Schienenfahrzeugen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10122183B4 (de) 2004-02-26
EP1256502A2 (fr) 2002-11-13
DE50206280D1 (de) 2006-05-18
DE10122183A1 (de) 2002-11-28
EP1256502A3 (fr) 2003-10-29
ATE322413T1 (de) 2006-04-15

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