EP1253316A2 - Ignition device for a spark ignited combustion engine - Google Patents

Ignition device for a spark ignited combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1253316A2
EP1253316A2 EP02450093A EP02450093A EP1253316A2 EP 1253316 A2 EP1253316 A2 EP 1253316A2 EP 02450093 A EP02450093 A EP 02450093A EP 02450093 A EP02450093 A EP 02450093A EP 1253316 A2 EP1253316 A2 EP 1253316A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition
laser beam
ignition device
mirror
laser
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EP02450093A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1253316B1 (en
EP1253316A3 (en
Inventor
Prof.-Dr. Lenz Hans Peter
Dipl.-Ing. Jetzinger Markus
Dr. Kapus Paul
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AVL List GmbH
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AVL List GmbH
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Priority to AT02450093T priority Critical patent/ATE303511T1/en
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Publication of EP1253316A3 publication Critical patent/EP1253316A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P23/00—Other ignition
    • F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ignition device for an internal combustion engine Spark ignition, the ignition of the fuel by at least one an ignition location in a combustion chamber focused laser beam takes place with a Laser source and a focusing device for providing and focusing of the laser beam, an optical device in the beam path of the laser beam is arranged for beam deflection and / or beam splitting, by means of that of the laser beam at at least two different ignition locations in the combustion chamber is focusable.
  • An internal combustion engine with spark ignition is known from DE 199 11 737 A1, in which the laser beams are arranged in the cylinder head gasket Optical fibers are led into the combustion chamber. There is one at the end of each light guide Focusing device arranged around the laser beam in the combustion chamber Focus point. One focal point per laser beam can thus be in the combustion chamber be formed.
  • US 4,852,529 A, US 4,314,530 A and US 4,416,226 A describe Laser ignition devices for internal combustion engines, in which the laser beam over an opening in the cylinder head is made in the combustion chamber.
  • a focusing device is provided to the laser beam in to focus on a point in the combustion chamber.
  • Laser ignition devices for internal combustion engines with means for beam deflection and / or beam splitting of the laser beam are from the publications JP 63173852 A, JP 58195074 A and JP 58074875 A are known, one simultaneous focusing at different ignition locations is possible. Between different ignition locations cannot be switched.
  • JP 07217521 A, JP 05033755 A and JP 09042138 A Laser ignition devices are shown in which the focal point of a laser beam varies by moving the lens system and thus the ignition location only along the beam axis can be changed. A shift in the ignition location outside the beam axis or simultaneous focusing on different ones Ignition locations are not possible.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and in an internal combustion engine of the type mentioned in the simplest possible way to achieve optimal ignition of the fuel in the combustion chamber.
  • the optical device a mirror system arranged in the beam path of the laser beam with at least one, preferably electrically, switchable mirror, so that the laser beam is optionally at at least two different ones Ignition locations in the combustion chamber can be focused.
  • electrical switchable mirrors such as are known from US Pat. No. 5,036,042 A the advantage of shorter response times compared to mechanically switchable mirrors, less space and easier control.
  • the mirror has at least two switch positions with different reflection angles and / or has reflection properties. It is particularly cheap if the switchable mirror is optically transparent in a switch position.
  • the mirror system is connected upstream of the focusing device.
  • the focusing device has a lens system which at least two focal points, preferably with different focal lengths, formed.
  • the lens system has at least one collecting lens with special grinding, which several Focuses.
  • a particularly high degree of flexibility in controlling the combustion is achieved if the lens system for each switch position of the electrically switchable mirror forms its own focus.
  • the laser source preferably formed by a compact solid-state laser can in a simple manner in a shaft in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, preferably arranged in the spark plug shaft instead of a spark plug his. This enables simple adaptation to existing engine concepts. By using a very compact solid-state laser Light guide between laser source and mirror system or focusing device omitted.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for use with hydrogen as Fuel powered internal combustion engines. Because of the wide ignition limits of air-hydrogen mixtures can be found in conventional spark plugs Ignition devices on the electrodes of the spark plug for reignition come during the intake stroke, which is very detrimental to smooth running such internal combustion engines affects because the combustion for the current and subsequent cycle fails. By using the invention Ignition device in hydrogen-powered internal combustion engines can this disadvantage can be avoided.
  • FIG. 1 shows an internal combustion engine 1 with a cylinder head 2 and a cylinder housing 3 in a longitudinal section.
  • a back and forth Piston 5 arranged in the cylinder 4 .
  • the piston 5 forms with the top surface 6 of the cylinder head 2 a combustion chamber 7, in which the gas exchange channels 8, 9 open.
  • an ignition device with a compact solid-state laser Laser source 11 arranged, which a laser beam 12 in the combustion chamber 7 emitted.
  • An optical device is located in the beam path of the laser beam 12 30 for beam deflection and / or beam splitting by means of the laser beam 12 can be focused at two different ignition locations 14, 15. Via a focusing device 13, which is part of the optical device 30 for Is beam deflection and / or beam splitting, the laser beam 12 is focused.
  • the optical Device 30 has a mirror system 16, which is located between laser source 11 and the focusing device 13 is arranged and at least one electrically switchable mirror 17 with at least two reflection switch positions A, B includes.
  • the mirror 17 In the switch position A shown in FIG. 2, the mirror 17 is transparent switched so that the laser beam 12 is deflected onto the focusing device 13 hits and is focused on a first ignition location 14.
  • the reflected laser beam 12 meets a second, rigid mirror 18 and becomes Focusing device 13 deflected.
  • Focusing device 13 deflected.
  • the focusing device 13 includes a lens system 13a, which for each Switch position A, B of the mirror 17 has a lens 19, 20.
  • the lenses 19, 20 can be designed with different focal lengths, whereby ignition locations 14, 15 at different distances from the top surface 6 can be realized.
  • the mirror 17 is controlled as a function of the engine operating state or the combustion process in the combustion chamber 7.
  • an optical sensor 21 can be placed in the focusing device 13 can be integrated.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment in which the focusing device 13 Has lens system, which is formed by a lens 22 with a special cut which focuses the incident laser beam 12 in two ignition locations 14, 15.
  • the lens 22 has at least two lens parts 23, 24 with different ones Focal points and focal lengths.
  • a lens 22 with a special cut can also be in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 instead of the individual lenses 19, 20 are used.
  • the switchable Mirror 17 switched between two ignition locations 14, 15.
  • At the in 5 shows a single laser beam 12 in two different ignition locations 14, 15 are focused simultaneously.
  • each of the two lenses 19, 20 of the embodiment variant described in FIGS. 1 to 4 be formed by a lens 22 with a special cut, so that in each of the two switching positions A, B of the mirror 17 each have two focal points can be realized with different focal lengths.
  • the ignition device described is particularly suitable for use with Hydrogen powered internal combustion engines. Due to the lack of electrodes A spark plug can reliably avoid reignitions.
  • the optical system described can also be used for combustion diagnosis be, for example the time interval between the ignition pulse and the ignition by the optical sensor 21 determined and for further Motor control is used. This makes it possible, for example, unequal Ignition delays in different cylinders of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine to compensate and thus achieve better synchronization.

Abstract

The external ignition device includes an optical device in the path of a laser beam (12) from a laser source (11) with a focusing device (15), with at least one switchable mirror (17), preferably electrically operated, so that the laser beam can be selectively focused on at least two different ignition points in the combustion chamber.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zündeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit Fremdzündung, wobei die Zündung des Kraftstoffes durch zumindest einen auf einen Zündort in einem Brennraum fokussierten Laserstrahl erfolgt, mit einer Laserquelle und einer Fokussiereinrichtung zur Bereitstellung und Fokussierung des Laserstrahles, wobei im Strahlenweg des Laserstrahles eine optische Einrichtung zur Strahlumlenkung und/oder Strahlaufteilung angeordnet ist, mittels der der Laserstrahl an zumindest zwei verschiedenen Zündorten im Brennraumes fokussierbar ist.The invention relates to an ignition device for an internal combustion engine Spark ignition, the ignition of the fuel by at least one an ignition location in a combustion chamber focused laser beam takes place with a Laser source and a focusing device for providing and focusing of the laser beam, an optical device in the beam path of the laser beam is arranged for beam deflection and / or beam splitting, by means of that of the laser beam at at least two different ignition locations in the combustion chamber is focusable.

Aus der DE 199 11 737 A1 ist eine Brennkraftmaschine mit Fremdzündung bekannt, bei der die Laserstrahlen über in der Zylinderkopfdichtung angeordnete Lichtleiter in den Brennraum geleitet werden. Am Ende jedes Lichtleiters ist eine Fokussiereinrichtung angeordnet, um den Laserstrahl im Brennraum an einem Punkt zu fokussieren. Pro Laserstrahl kann somit ein Brennpunkt im Brennraum ausgebildet werden.An internal combustion engine with spark ignition is known from DE 199 11 737 A1, in which the laser beams are arranged in the cylinder head gasket Optical fibers are led into the combustion chamber. There is one at the end of each light guide Focusing device arranged around the laser beam in the combustion chamber Focus point. One focal point per laser beam can thus be in the combustion chamber be formed.

Die US 4,852,529 A, die US 4,314,530 A und die US 4,416,226 A beschreiben Laserzündeinrichtungen für Brennkraftmaschinen, bei denen der Laserstrahl über eine Öffnung im Zylinderkopf in den Brennraum eingebracht wird. Bei der US 4,416,226 A ist eine Fokussiereinrichtung vorgesehen, um den Laserstrahl in einen Punkt im Brennraum zu fokussieren.US 4,852,529 A, US 4,314,530 A and US 4,416,226 A describe Laser ignition devices for internal combustion engines, in which the laser beam over an opening in the cylinder head is made in the combustion chamber. In the US 4,416,226 A, a focusing device is provided to the laser beam in to focus on a point in the combustion chamber.

Bei den meisten bekannten Laserzündeinrichtungen für Brennkraftmaschinen kann pro Laserquelle beziehungsweise pro Lichtleiter nur ein einziger Zündort definiert werden. Bekannte Laserzündeinrichtungen ohne Fokussiereinrichtung können darüber hinaus nur mit sehr hohem Energieaufwand die zur Zündung erforderliche Energiedichte im Brennraum realisieren. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist, dass die meisten Laserzündeinrichtungen auf Grund konstruktiver und technischer Anforderungen nicht in bestehende Motorkonzepte integriert werden können.In most known laser ignition devices for internal combustion engines can only have one ignition location per laser source or light guide To be defined. Known laser ignition devices without a focusing device can also only with very high energy expenditure for ignition Realize the required energy density in the combustion chamber. Another disadvantage is that most laser ignition devices are based on constructive and technical Requirements cannot be integrated into existing engine concepts.

Laserzündeinrichtungen für Brennkraftmaschinen mit Mitteln zur Strahlumlenkung und/oder Strahlaufteilung des Laserstrahles sind aus den Veröffentlichungen JP 63173852 A, JP 58195074 A und JP 58074875 A bekannt, wobei eine gleichzeitige Fokussierung an unterschiedlichen Zündorten möglich ist. Zwischen verschiedenen Zündorten kann aber nicht umgeschaltet werden. Laser ignition devices for internal combustion engines with means for beam deflection and / or beam splitting of the laser beam are from the publications JP 63173852 A, JP 58195074 A and JP 58074875 A are known, one simultaneous focusing at different ignition locations is possible. Between different ignition locations cannot be switched.

In den Druckschriften JP 07217521 A, JP 05033755 A und JP 09042138 A werden Laserzündeinrichtungen gezeigt, bei denen der Brennpunkt eines Laserstrahles durch Verschieben des Linsensystems variiert und somit der Zündort nur entlang der Strahlenachse verändert werden kann. Eine Verschiebung des Zündortes außerhalb der Strahlenachse oder eine gleichzeitige Fokussierung an verschiedenen Zündorten ist nicht möglich.In JP 07217521 A, JP 05033755 A and JP 09042138 A Laser ignition devices are shown in which the focal point of a laser beam varies by moving the lens system and thus the ignition location only along the beam axis can be changed. A shift in the ignition location outside the beam axis or simultaneous focusing on different ones Ignition locations are not possible.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, diese Nachteile zu vermeiden und bei einer Brennkraftmaschine der eingangs genannten Art auf möglichst einfache Weise eine optimale Zündung des Kraftstoffes im Brennraum zu erreichen.The object of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and in an internal combustion engine of the type mentioned in the simplest possible way to achieve optimal ignition of the fuel in the combustion chamber.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die optische Einrichtung ein im Strahlenweg des Laserstrahls angeordnetes Spiegelsystem mit zumindest einem, vorzugsweise elektrisch, schaltbaren Spiegel aufweist, so dass der Laserstrahl wahlweise an zumindest zwei verschiedenen Zündorten im Brennraum fokussierbar ist. Somit können mit einem einzigen Laserstrahl mindestens zwei verschiedene Zündorte ausgebildet werden. Elektrisch schaltbare Spiegel, wie sie etwa aus der US 5,036,042 A bekannt sind, haben gegenüber mechanisch schaltbaren Spiegeln den Vorteil kürzerer Ansprechzeiten, eines geringeren Bauraumes und der einfacheren Steuerung. In einer besonders einfachen Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist dabei vorgesehen, dass der Spiegel zumindest zwei Schaltstellungen mit unterschiedlichen Reflexionswinkeln und/oder Reflexionseigenschaften aufweist. Besonders günstig ist es dabei, wenn in einer Schaltstellung der schaltbare Spiegel optisch durchlässig ist. Das Spiegelsystem ist dabei der Fokussiereinrichtung vorgeschaltet.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the optical device a mirror system arranged in the beam path of the laser beam with at least one, preferably electrically, switchable mirror, so that the laser beam is optionally at at least two different ones Ignition locations in the combustion chamber can be focused. Thus, with a single Laser beam at least two different ignition locations are formed. electrical switchable mirrors, such as are known from US Pat. No. 5,036,042 A the advantage of shorter response times compared to mechanically switchable mirrors, less space and easier control. In one particularly A simple embodiment of the invention provides that the mirror has at least two switch positions with different reflection angles and / or has reflection properties. It is particularly cheap if the switchable mirror is optically transparent in a switch position. The mirror system is connected upstream of the focusing device.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung bei der der Laserstrahl gleichzeitig an zumindest zwei verschiedenen Orten fokussierbar ist, ist vorgesehen, dass die Fokussiereinrichtung ein Linsensystem aufweist, welches zumindest zwei Brennpunkte, vorzugsweise mit unterschiedlicher Brennweite, ausbildet. Um Bauraum einzusparen ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn das Linsensystem zumindest eine Sammellinse mit Spezialschliff aufweist, welche mehrere Brennpunkte ausbildet.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention in which the Laser beam can be focused simultaneously in at least two different locations, it is provided that the focusing device has a lens system which at least two focal points, preferably with different focal lengths, formed. In order to save installation space, it is particularly advantageous if the lens system has at least one collecting lens with special grinding, which several Focuses.

Eine besonders hohe Flexibilität in der Steuerung der Verbrennung wird erreicht, wenn für jede Schaltstellung des elektrisch schaltbaren Spiegels das Linsensystem einen eigenen Brennpunkt ausbildet.A particularly high degree of flexibility in controlling the combustion is achieved if the lens system for each switch position of the electrically switchable mirror forms its own focus.

Die vorzugsweise durch einen kompakten Festkörperlaser gebildete Laserquelle kann in einfacher Weise in einem Schacht im Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine, vorzugsweise im Zündkerzenschacht an Stelle einer Zündkerze angeordnet sein. Dadurch ist eine einfache Adaption an bestehende Motorkonzepte möglich. Durch die Verwendung eines sehr kompakten Festkörperlasers können Lichtleiter zwischen Laserquelle und Spiegelsystem beziehungsweise Fokussiereinrichtung entfallen.The laser source preferably formed by a compact solid-state laser can in a simple manner in a shaft in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, preferably arranged in the spark plug shaft instead of a spark plug his. This enables simple adaptation to existing engine concepts. By using a very compact solid-state laser Light guide between laser source and mirror system or focusing device omitted.

Die Erfindung eignet sich besonders zur Anwendung bei mit Wasserstoff als Kraftstoff betriebenen Brennkraftmaschinen. Aufgrund der weiten Zündgrenzen von Luft-Wasserstoffgemischen kann es bei herkömmlichen, Zündkerzen aufweisenden Zündeinrichtungen an den Elektroden der Zündkerze zu Rückzündungen während des Ansaugtaktes kommen, was sich sehr nachteilig auf die Laufruhe derartiger Brennkraftmaschinen auswirkt, da die Verbrennung für den aktuellen und darauffolgenden Zyklus ausfällt. Durch die Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Zündeinrichtung bei mit Wasserstoff betriebenen Brennkraftmaschinen kann dieser Nachteil vermieden werden.The invention is particularly suitable for use with hydrogen as Fuel powered internal combustion engines. Because of the wide ignition limits of air-hydrogen mixtures can be found in conventional spark plugs Ignition devices on the electrodes of the spark plug for reignition come during the intake stroke, which is very detrimental to smooth running such internal combustion engines affects because the combustion for the current and subsequent cycle fails. By using the invention Ignition device in hydrogen-powered internal combustion engines can this disadvantage can be avoided.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Zündeinrichtung in einem Schnitt durch einen Zylinder,
Fig. 2
ein Detail aus Fig. 1 in einer ersten Schaltstellung des Spiegels,
Fig. 3
dieses Detail aus Fig. 1 in einer zweiten Schaltstellung des Spiegels,
Fig. 4
die Fokussiereinrichtung in einer Draufsicht gemäß der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 2 und 3,
Fig. 5
Spiegelsystem und Strahlengang einer erfindungsgemäßen Zündeinrichtung in einem Schnitt analog zu den Fig. 1 bis 3 in einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. Show it
Fig. 1
an internal combustion engine with an ignition device according to the invention in a section through a cylinder,
Fig. 2
1 in a first switching position of the mirror,
Fig. 3
1 in a second switching position of the mirror,
Fig. 4
the focusing device in a plan view along the line IV-IV in Figs. 2 and 3,
Fig. 5
Mirror system and beam path of an ignition device according to the invention in a section analogous to FIGS. 1 to 3 in a second embodiment variant.

Funktionsgleiche Bauteile sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Components with the same function are provided with the same reference symbols.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Brennkraftmaschine 1 mit einem Zylinderkopf 2 und einem Zylindergehäuse 3 in einem Längsschnitt. Im Zylinder 4 ist ein hin- und hergehender Kolben 5 angeordnet. Der Kolben 5 bildet mit der Deckfläche 6 des Zylinderkopfes 2 einen Brennraum 7 aus, in welchen die Gaswechselkanäle 8, 9 einmünden. Im Bereich der Zylinderachse 4a ist in einem Schacht 10 des Zylinderkopfes 2 eine Zündeinrichtung mit einer durch einen kompakten Festkörperlaser gebildeten Laserquelle 11 angeordnet, welche einen Laserstrahl 12 in den Brennraum 7 emitiert. Im Strahlenweg des Laserstrahles 12 ist eine optische Einrichtung 30 zur Strahlenumlenkung und/oder Strahlenaufteilung mittels der der Laserstrahl 12 an zwei verschiedenen Zündorten 14, 15 fokussiert werden kann. Über eine Fokussiereinrichtung 13, welche Teil der optischen Einrichtung 30 zur Strahlumlenkung und/oder Strahlaufteilung ist, wird der Laserstrahl 12 gebündelt.1 shows an internal combustion engine 1 with a cylinder head 2 and a cylinder housing 3 in a longitudinal section. In the cylinder 4 is a back and forth Piston 5 arranged. The piston 5 forms with the top surface 6 of the cylinder head 2 a combustion chamber 7, in which the gas exchange channels 8, 9 open. In the area of the cylinder axis 4a is in a shaft 10 of the cylinder head 2 an ignition device with a compact solid-state laser Laser source 11 arranged, which a laser beam 12 in the combustion chamber 7 emitted. An optical device is located in the beam path of the laser beam 12 30 for beam deflection and / or beam splitting by means of the laser beam 12 can be focused at two different ignition locations 14, 15. Via a focusing device 13, which is part of the optical device 30 for Is beam deflection and / or beam splitting, the laser beam 12 is focused.

In der in den Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellten Ausführungsvariante weist die optische Einrichtung 30 ein Spiegelsystem 16 auf, welches zwischen der Laserquelle 11 und der Fokussiereinrichtung 13 angeordnet ist und zumindest einen elektrisch schaltbaren Spiegel 17 mit zumindest zwei Reflexionsschaltstellungen A, B beinhaltet. In der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Schaltstellung A ist der Spiegel 17 transparent geschaltet, so dass der Laserstrahl 12 ohne Ablenkung auf die Fokussiereinrichtung 13 trifft und auf einen ersten Zündort 14 fokussiert wird. In der in Fig. 3 dargestellten zweiten Schaltstellung B hingegen ist der Spiegel 17 aktiv geschaltet und reflektiert den Laserstrahl 12 vollständig. Der reflektierte Laserstrahl 12 trifft auf einen zweiten, starr ausgebildeten Spiegel 18 und wird zur Fokussiereinrichtung 13 abgelenkt. Durch die Fokussiereinrichtung 13 wird der zweimal abgelenkte Laserstrahl 12 an einem zweiten Zündort 15 fokussiert.In the embodiment variant shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the optical Device 30 has a mirror system 16, which is located between laser source 11 and the focusing device 13 is arranged and at least one electrically switchable mirror 17 with at least two reflection switch positions A, B includes. In the switch position A shown in FIG. 2, the mirror 17 is transparent switched so that the laser beam 12 is deflected onto the focusing device 13 hits and is focused on a first ignition location 14. 3 Second switching position B shown, however, the mirror 17 is activated and reflects the laser beam 12 completely. The reflected laser beam 12 meets a second, rigid mirror 18 and becomes Focusing device 13 deflected. By the focusing device 13 twice deflected laser beam 12 focused at a second ignition location 15.

Die Fokussiereinrichtung 13 beinhaltet ein Linsensystem 13a, welches für jede Schaltstellung A, B des Spiegels 17 eine Linse 19, 20 aufweist. Vorteilhafterweise können die Linsen 19, 20 mit unterschiedlichen Brennweiten ausgeführt sein, wodurch Zündorte 14, 15 mit unterschiedlichem Abstand von der Deckfläche 6 realisiert werden können.The focusing device 13 includes a lens system 13a, which for each Switch position A, B of the mirror 17 has a lens 19, 20. advantageously, the lenses 19, 20 can be designed with different focal lengths, whereby ignition locations 14, 15 at different distances from the top surface 6 can be realized.

Die Steuerung des Spiegels 17 erfolgt in Abhängigkeit des Motorbetriebszustandes beziehungsweise des Verbrennungsablaufes im Brennraum 7. Zur Erfassung des Verbrennungsvorganges kann ein optischer Sensor 21 in die Fokussiereinrichtung 13 integriert werden.The mirror 17 is controlled as a function of the engine operating state or the combustion process in the combustion chamber 7. For detection of the combustion process, an optical sensor 21 can be placed in the focusing device 13 can be integrated.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine Ausführungsvariante, bei der die Fokussiereinrichtung 13 ein Linsensystem aufweist, welches durch eine Linse 22 mit Spezialschliff gebildet ist, welche den auftreffenden Laserstrahl 12 in zwei Zündorten 14, 15 fokussiert. Die Linse 22 weist dabei zumindest zwei Linsenteile 23, 24 mit verschiedenen Brennpunkten und Brennweiten auf. Eine Linse 22 mit Spezialschliff kann auch in der in den Fig. 1 bis 4 dargestellten Ausführungsvariante anstelle der Einzellinsen 19, 20 eingesetzt werden.Fig. 5 shows an embodiment in which the focusing device 13 Has lens system, which is formed by a lens 22 with a special cut which focuses the incident laser beam 12 in two ignition locations 14, 15. The lens 22 has at least two lens parts 23, 24 with different ones Focal points and focal lengths. A lens 22 with a special cut can also be in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 instead of the individual lenses 19, 20 are used.

Bei der in den Fig. 1 bis 4 gezeigten Ausführungsvariante wird mittels des schaltbaren Spiegels 17 zwischen zwei Zündorten 14, 15 umgeschaltet. Bei der in Fig. 5 gezeigten Ausführungsvariante dagegen wird ein einziger Laserstrahl 12 in zwei verschiedenen Zündorten 14, 15 gleichzeitig fokussiert.In the embodiment variant shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the switchable Mirror 17 switched between two ignition locations 14, 15. At the in 5 shows a single laser beam 12 in two different ignition locations 14, 15 are focused simultaneously.

Auch eine Kombination der beiden Ausführungsvarianten ist möglich. So kann jede der beiden Linsen 19, 20 der in den Fig. 1 bis 4 beschriebenen Ausführungsvariante durch eine Linse 22 mit Spezialschliff gebildet werden, so dass in jeder der beiden Schaltstellungen A, B des Spiegels 17 jeweils zwei Brennpunkte mit unterschiedlichen Brennweiten realisiert werden können.A combination of the two design variants is also possible. So can each of the two lenses 19, 20 of the embodiment variant described in FIGS. 1 to 4 be formed by a lens 22 with a special cut, so that in each of the two switching positions A, B of the mirror 17 each have two focal points can be realized with different focal lengths.

Die beschriebene Zündeinrichtung eignet sich besonders für den Einsatz bei mit Wasserstoff betriebenen Brennkraftmaschinen. Durch das Fehlen von Elektroden einer Zündkerze können Rückzündungen zuverlässig vermieden werden. The ignition device described is particularly suitable for use with Hydrogen powered internal combustion engines. Due to the lack of electrodes A spark plug can reliably avoid reignitions.

Das beschriebene optische System kann weiters zur Verbrennungsdiagnose benutzt werden, wobei beispielsweise der Zeitabstand zwischen dem Zündimpuls und der Entflammung durch den optischen Sensor 21 festgestellt und zur weiteren Motorregelung verwendet wird. Dadurch ist es möglich, beispielsweise ungleiche Zündverzüge bei verschiedenen Zylindern einer Mehrzylinder-Brennkraftmaschine zu kompensieren und somit einen besseren Gleichlauf zu erreichen.The optical system described can also be used for combustion diagnosis be, for example the time interval between the ignition pulse and the ignition by the optical sensor 21 determined and for further Motor control is used. This makes it possible, for example, unequal Ignition delays in different cylinders of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine to compensate and thus achieve better synchronization.

Claims (9)

Zündeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit Fremdzündung, wobei die Zündung des Kraftstoffes durch zumindest einen auf einen Zündort (14, 15) in einem Brennraum (7) fokussierten Laserstrahl (12) erfolgt, mit einer Laserquelle (11) und einer Fokussiereinrichtung (15) zur Bereitstellung und Fokussierung des Laserstrahles (12), wobei im Strahlenweg des Laserstrahles (12) eine optische Einrichtung (30) zur Strahlumlenkung und/oder Strahlaufteilung angeordnet ist, mittels der der Laserstrahl (12) an zumindest zwei verschiedenen Zündorten (14, 15) im Brennraumes (7) fokussierbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die optische Einrichtung (30) ein im Strahlenweg des Laserstrahl (12) angeordnetes Spiegelsystem (16) mit zumindest einem, vorzugsweise elektrisch, schaltbaren Spiegel (17) aufweist, so dass der Laserstrahl (12) wahlweise an zumindest zwei verschiedenen Zündorten (14, 15) im Brennraum (7) fokussierbar ist.Ignition device for an internal combustion engine with spark ignition, wherein the fuel is ignited by at least one laser beam (12) focused on an ignition location (14, 15) in a combustion chamber (7), with a laser source (11) and a focusing device (15) for providing and focusing the laser beam (12), an optical device (30) for beam deflection and / or beam splitting being arranged in the beam path of the laser beam (12), by means of which the laser beam (12) at at least two different ignition locations (14, 15) in the combustion chamber (7) is focusable, characterized in that the optical device (30) has a mirror system (16) arranged in the beam path of the laser beam (12) with at least one, preferably electrically, switchable mirror (17), so that the laser beam (12) can optionally be focused at at least two different ignition locations (14, 15) in the combustion chamber (7). Zündeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Spiegel (17) zumindest zwei Schaltstellungen (A, B) mit unterschiedlichen Reflexionswinkeln und/oder Reflexionseigenschaften aufweist.Ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mirror (17) has at least two switching positions (A, B) with different reflection angles and / or reflection properties. Zündeinrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer Schaltstellung (A) der schaltbare Spiegel (17) optisch durchlässig ist.Ignition device according to claim 2, characterized in that in a switch position (A) the switchable mirror (17) is optically transparent. Zündeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Spiegelsystem (16) der Fokussiereinrichtung (13) vorgeschaltet ist.Ignition device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mirror system (16) is connected upstream of the focusing device (13). Zündeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei der Laserstrahl (12) gleichzeitig an zumindest zwei verschiedenen Zündorten (14, 15) im Brennraum (7) fokussierbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fokussiereinrichtung (13) ein Linsensystem (13a, 13b) aufweist, welches zumindest zwei Brennpunkte, vorzugsweise mit unterschiedlicher Brennweite, ausbildet.Ignition device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the laser beam (12) can be focused simultaneously at at least two different ignition locations (14, 15) in the combustion chamber (7), characterized in that the focusing device (13) is a lens system (13a, 13b) which has at least two focal points, preferably with different focal lengths. Zündeinrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Linsensystem (13b) zumindest eine Sammellinse mit Spezialschliff mit zumindest zwei Linsenteilen (23, 24) aufweist, welche zumindest zwei Brennpunkte ausbildet.Ignition device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the lens system (13b) has at least one converging lens with a special cut with at least two lens parts (23, 24) which forms at least two focal points. Zündeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für jede Schaltstellung (A, B) des elektrisch schaltbaren Spiegels (17) das Linsensystem (13a, 13b) zumindest einen eigenen Brennpunkt ausbildet. Ignition device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for each switch position (A, B) of the electrically switchable mirror (17) the lens system (13a, 13b) forms at least one focal point of its own. Zündeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorzugsweise durch einen kompakten Festkörperlaser gebildete Laserquelle (11) in einem vorzugsweise durch einen Zündkerzenschacht gebildeten Schacht (10) eines Zylinderkopfes (2) angeordnet ist.Ignition device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the laser source (11) , which is preferably formed by a compact solid-state laser, is arranged in a shaft (10) of a cylinder head (2), preferably formed by a spark plug shaft. Verwendung einer Zündeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennkraftmaschine mit Wasserstoff als Kraftstoff betrieben wird.Use of an ignition device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the internal combustion engine is operated with hydrogen as the fuel.
EP02450093A 2001-04-23 2002-04-18 Ignition device for a spark ignited combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1253316B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT02450093T ATE303511T1 (en) 2001-04-23 2002-04-18 IGNITION DEVICE FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH SPECIAL IGNITION

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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AT3142001U 2001-04-23
AT0031401U AT5307U1 (en) 2001-04-23 2001-04-23 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

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EP1253316A2 true EP1253316A2 (en) 2002-10-30
EP1253316A3 EP1253316A3 (en) 2004-01-21
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EP1441124A2 (en) * 2003-01-16 2004-07-28 GE Jenbacher GmbH & Co. OHG Internal combustion engine
FR2871856A1 (en) * 2004-06-22 2005-12-23 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Optical spark plug for ignition system, has focusing device including two lenses for simultaneously collimating optical beams from optical fiber connected to optical inlet and for focusing beams toward optical outlet
FR2873763A1 (en) * 2004-07-29 2006-02-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Ignition device for e.g. diesel engine, has laser type spark plug, laser source and polarization unit to ignite reagents to permit passage of unstable components of combustion of reagents in pre-combustion chamber to main combustion chamber
DE102004053493A1 (en) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-24 Siemens Ag Mixture ignition controlling and regulating method for Otto-multicylinder-internal combustion engine, involves controlling and regulating combustion point of laser beam in area of engine depending on operating parameter of engine
WO2008022924A1 (en) * 2006-08-22 2008-02-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ignition device for an internal combustion engine
EP1985844A1 (en) * 2007-04-26 2008-10-29 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd Laser ignition device and laser-ignition internal combustion engine
DE102008062572A1 (en) * 2008-12-16 2010-06-17 Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co. Ohg spark plug
US7810462B2 (en) 2006-07-10 2010-10-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for operating an ignition device for an internal combustion engine
WO2011085846A1 (en) * 2009-12-21 2011-07-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laser ignition device and operating method for a laser ignition device
JP2011140957A (en) * 2011-04-14 2011-07-21 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Laser multipoint ignition device

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AT412167B (en) * 2002-10-31 2004-10-25 Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Ohg COMBUSTION ENGINE

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FR2871856A1 (en) * 2004-06-22 2005-12-23 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Optical spark plug for ignition system, has focusing device including two lenses for simultaneously collimating optical beams from optical fiber connected to optical inlet and for focusing beams toward optical outlet
FR2873763A1 (en) * 2004-07-29 2006-02-03 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Ignition device for e.g. diesel engine, has laser type spark plug, laser source and polarization unit to ignite reagents to permit passage of unstable components of combustion of reagents in pre-combustion chamber to main combustion chamber
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DE102004053493A1 (en) * 2004-11-05 2006-05-24 Siemens Ag Mixture ignition controlling and regulating method for Otto-multicylinder-internal combustion engine, involves controlling and regulating combustion point of laser beam in area of engine depending on operating parameter of engine
US7810462B2 (en) 2006-07-10 2010-10-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for operating an ignition device for an internal combustion engine
WO2008022924A1 (en) * 2006-08-22 2008-02-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ignition device for an internal combustion engine
EP1985844A1 (en) * 2007-04-26 2008-10-29 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd Laser ignition device and laser-ignition internal combustion engine
DE102008062572A1 (en) * 2008-12-16 2010-06-17 Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co. Ohg spark plug
WO2011085846A1 (en) * 2009-12-21 2011-07-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laser ignition device and operating method for a laser ignition device
JP2011140957A (en) * 2011-04-14 2011-07-21 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Laser multipoint ignition device

Also Published As

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ATE303511T1 (en) 2005-09-15
EP1253316B1 (en) 2005-08-31
AT5307U1 (en) 2002-05-27
EP1253316A3 (en) 2004-01-21
DE50204056D1 (en) 2005-10-06

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