EP1248890A1 - Procede de construction d'un edifice, bloc de construction, linteau et appui de fenetre pour la mise en oeuvre du procede - Google Patents
Procede de construction d'un edifice, bloc de construction, linteau et appui de fenetre pour la mise en oeuvre du procedeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1248890A1 EP1248890A1 EP00900596A EP00900596A EP1248890A1 EP 1248890 A1 EP1248890 A1 EP 1248890A1 EP 00900596 A EP00900596 A EP 00900596A EP 00900596 A EP00900596 A EP 00900596A EP 1248890 A1 EP1248890 A1 EP 1248890A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lintel
- building
- block
- forming
- intended
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Definitions
- the invention relates to the building sector. It more specifically targets specific building blocks, intended for the production of door and window frames, and pillars integrated into a construction.
- the invention also relates to a method of producing a building by means of such blocks.
- Such pillar blocks are generally mounted progressively, at the same time as the agglomerated blocks forming the wall itself. It is easily understood that when the pillars are mounted at the same time as the walls, the alignment constraints are particularly severe, in particular to maintain the offset between the pillar and the face of the wall.
- a first problem that the invention seeks to solve is that of alignment constraints.
- a solution has also been proposed consisting in making door frames independently and prior to the construction of the wall by associating four massive main blocks forming the two lateral jambs, the lintel and the door threshold itself. This assembly carried out beforehand must then be transported to the final place of assembly. However, this kind of assembly is extremely heavy and difficult to handle simply, which limits the uses or significantly increases the cost of the site because of the necessary handling equipment.
- a second problem which the invention proposes to solve is that of easy handling with a view to producing door or window frames, or corner or central pillars.
- the objective of the invention is therefore to propose a method which facilitates the construction operations of a building by using a building block for the production of pillars, door or window frames which is easy to handle, which allows a mounting of great solidity, while retaining an attractive external aesthetic appearance, and being easily easily joined together effectively with the rest of the construction.
- the invention therefore relates to a method of constructing a building comprising pillars, door and window frames. According to the invention, this process is characterized in that it consists:
- building blocks comprising:. a through recess intended to form shuttering for receiving poured reinforced concrete; . a protruding part forming a tenon, intended to be nested in a hollow part of an adjacent building block forming a mortise; . at least one recessed area capable of allowing keying with construction elements with which it comes into contact .;
- the construction of buildings according to the invention differs fundamentally from known construction methods because the pillars and the various door frames are mounted beforehand to form a skeleton on which the walls and the rest of the construction are then mounted.
- the door frames include:
- said lintel having a shape of gutter intended to serve as formwork in order to receive poured reinforced concrete, said lintel comprising at its ends two hollow mortises opening into the recess passing through blocks of construction, so as to allow the flow of reinforced concrete poured from the gutter forming the lintel towards the jambs.
- the jambs of the frames are placed on bases fixed to the slab of the building, said bases ensuring both the alignment and the spacing of the jambs as well as the level relative to the slab.
- the height of the base also called birth, can be adjusted precisely by additional elements such as a layer of glue or mortar, so as to give the final height level necessary for the installation of pillars and jambs.
- This level can vary depending on the type of soil chosen and its equipment. Thus, it is possible to adapt to different heights depending on whether the slab receives, for example, floor heating pipes or other equipment.
- the method can include a step consisting in installing at least one window frame, the window frame comprising:
- a window sill supporting said legs comprising two hollow studs in which are nested said legs.
- the spacing between the window jambs is perfectly determined by the geometry of the window sill and the operations for installing the jambs are greatly simplified, since it is not necessary to carry out alignment, which is done automatically by self-centering the building blocks in the hollow studs.
- the invention can be applied to straight or curved lintels, or even forming an arch. These lintels can be part of door, window or porch framing, or even decorative elements.
- the invention also relates to the building block used for making window and door frames, supports, thresholds and pillars of corners or central in accordance with the method of the invention.
- Such a block is characterized in that it comprises: - a through recess intended to form shuttering in order to receive poured reinforced concrete;
- the block is particularly easy to handle because it is largely hollowed out and therefore has a very limited weight.
- protruding or recessed parts allows easy mounting and facilitates all the operations of centering or aligning the blocks with one another.
- the shape of the lateral zones of such a block is particularly suitable for joining with agglomerated or other adjacent building blocks.
- the post has a height greater than the depth of the mortise of the adjacent block. In this way, there remains after assembly of these two blocks an apparent space which allows the realization of an aesthetic joint.
- the post is located on the upper face of the block to avoid the accumulation of water in the hollow formed by the mortise.
- the post has a pyramidal or frustoconical shape.
- each block comprises means for anchoring with the construction elements with which it comes into contact. It can be, according to different embodiments, reinforcements, perforated plates or waiting boxes allowing a particularly effective connection, especially since these anchoring means are then embedded in the keying which connects the block and the adjacent building element.
- the building block may have a removable protective layer on at least its faces intended to be visible.
- the building block according to the invention can be made of poured concrete having excellent aesthetic qualities. In this case, it serves as a decorative element and its visible faces should not be soiled during the construction site, or during transport operations.
- this protective layer advantageously made of plastic, for example polymers, any splashes of concrete or mortar do not soil the visible surfaces. When the site is finished, it suffices to remove the protective layers to reveal the exterior faces in their initial state after manufacture.
- Figure 1 is a summary perspective view of an embodiment of a block according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a top view of the block illustrated in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view along the plane 111-111 'of FIG. 2.
- Figure 4 is a detail sectional view of the contact area between two adjacent blocks at the tenon-mortise assembly.
- Figure 5 is a summary perspective view of a conforming block according to an alternative embodiment of the invention which comprises anchoring means with the adjacent building blocks.
- Figure 6 is a top view of a block according to the invention intended to constitute a window sill.
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view along the plane VII-VH 'of FIG. 6.
- Figure 8 is a top view of a block according to the invention intended to constitute a window lintel, shown in Figure 9 along the plane IX-IX 'of Figure 8.
- Figure 10 is a summary perspective view of a building under construction according to the process according to the invention.
- Figure 11 is a front view of a slab fitted with bases.
- Figures 12 and 13 are sectional views along the planes identified respectively XII-XIII and XIII-XLII of Figure 11.
- the invention relates to a building block used in particular for making door or window frames, as well as single-sided, double-sided or corner pillars.
- This block (1) of substantially parallelepiped geometry comprises a recess (2) through which is intended to form shuttering in order to receive poured concrete.
- This recess or reservation (2) has an oval section in the illustration of Figures 1 and 2, but can adopt any advantageous geometric shape, for example elliptical, circular or polygonal, to take account of manufacturing constraints.
- this block (1) also includes a protruding part (3) forming a tenon.
- This tenon (3) has the function of ensuring the nesting in a hollow area (4) complementary in the block (10) intended to be placed on the block (1) of FIG. 1, as illustrated in FIG. 4 .
- the protruding part forming a tenon (3) has a pyramidal shape with four sides.
- this post would be for example frustoconical or would have a cut out shape in order to limit the risks of pivoting of the blocks on one another.
- this tenon (3) is placed on the upper face (5) of the block (1) to avoid any risk of water infiltration into the volume formed by the mortise (4).
- the upper part of the tenon (3) corresponding to the upper face (8) of the pyramid has a section S ⁇ smaller than the surface S M of the bottom of the mortise (4) to allow a certain latitude of movement favorable to optimal centering.
- the contact zone between two superimposed blocks (1, 10) is limited only to the upper face (8) of the post (3), which concentrates the crushing stresses and prevents the visible zones surfaces do not crack under heavy load.
- the lateral faces (12) of the block as illustrated in FIG. 1, that is to say the faces in contact with which the agglomerated building blocks will be put in place, have a hollow area (13) capable of allowing keying with said construction elements.
- the block (20) has an anchoring means, such as for example a hooked rod (21) which connects the recess (22) forming formwork to the keying zone (23 ) with regard to adjacent agglomerated building blocks.
- an anchoring means such as for example a hooked rod (21) which connects the recess (22) forming formwork to the keying zone (23 ) with regard to adjacent agglomerated building blocks.
- the rods (21) can be replaced by perforated plates or waiting boxes (not shown).
- the blocks as illustrated in Figures 1 to 5 can be stacked to form either pillars, or window or door frames.
- the recess (2) can be offset from the center of the block to leave a prominent area which is raised relative to the main face of the wall.
- the recess will be slightly eccentric, while if the pillar is through, the recess will be located substantially on the median plane.
- the recess will be offset in both directions.
- Such blocks when assembled under one another can form jambs for window or door frames. They are then directly mounted on elements (30) as illustrated in Figure 6 which shows a window sill.
- the support (30) comprises a base (31) whose front part (32) protrudes from the plane of the wall and which comprises on each of its lateral faces (33, 34) two portions (35, 36) of block according to the invention.
- interlocking members 37, 38
- tenon-mortise the not shown blocks which will form the legs.
- These block portions also have recesses (39) so that when the legs are placed on the support (30), the casting makes it possible to obtain a massive unitary unit of great rigidity.
- the lower part of the block forming a support and in the shape of an inverted L, as illustrated in FIG. 7 to facilitate installation on the pre-existing walls, and to ensure good wedging.
- this block forming a support comes to rest on the part of the wall already mounted.
- Figure 8 illustrates a lintel element.
- this element comprises a main part (41) and two end portions (42, 43) according to the invention.
- These portions (42, 43) each have a recess (44, 45) intended for pouring the concrete, as well as in the lower part of the hollow zones (46, 47) forming a mortise to receive by entanglement, the upper end of the legs .
- the two lintel walls have a different height.
- this lintel-forming element has a U-shaped section consisting of the two walls (48, 49) and the main face (41).
- this U-shaped gutter can receive the concrete which will form the rest of the lintel itself.
- the building blocks according to the invention are made from a mixture of rolled sand, and / or crushed sand, white or colored cement and additive.
- the construction method according to the invention consists, in a first step, of mounting the elements constituting the pillars (50 - 52) and the door frames (53), then, in a second step, pouring the reinforced concrete into the recesses of these pillars (50 - 52) and frames
- each of these bases (61 - 64) has a protruding zone (70) intended to form a tenon for nesting in the mortise (72) located in the lower part of the different blocks which will be piled there.
- these bases have a recess (71) crossed by not shown frames embedded in the lower part in the slab (60).
- two successive bases (62, 63) can be connected by a rectilinear zone (73) having the exact length to ensure the precise spacing between the jambs (67, 68) of the framework.
- this rectilinear part (73) can have a prominent zone (74) forming a gum allowing the fitting of the door frame.
- alignment cords are drawn between the different pillars (50 - 52) to allow the establishment and assembly of the agglomerated building blocks (55). Alignment operations, when mounting the wall, are therefore greatly simplified and the conduct of work is thereby facilitated.
- the window frames (57) according to the invention are put in place when the height of the wall corresponds to the height of placing the window.
- the construction method according to the invention makes it possible to produce buildings which include pillars and door frames made of blocks having a finished appearance, but whose walls can be made with any type of material, and not only agglomerated blocks , but also bricks, or even wood, stone, concrete, or a combination of different materials.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2000/000090 WO2001053624A1 (fr) | 1998-07-16 | 2000-01-18 | Procede de construction d'un edifice, bloc de construction, linteau et appui de fenetre pour la mise en oeuvre du procede |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1248890A1 true EP1248890A1 (fr) | 2002-10-16 |
EP1248890B1 EP1248890B1 (fr) | 2004-01-07 |
Family
ID=8845638
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00900596A Expired - Lifetime EP1248890B1 (fr) | 2000-01-18 | 2000-01-18 | Procede de construction d'un edifice |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1248890B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE257536T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2000230554A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60007666D1 (fr) |
-
2000
- 2000-01-18 EP EP00900596A patent/EP1248890B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-18 DE DE60007666T patent/DE60007666D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-18 AU AU2000230554A patent/AU2000230554A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-01-18 AT AT00900596T patent/ATE257536T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0153624A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE257536T1 (de) | 2004-01-15 |
DE60007666D1 (de) | 2004-02-12 |
EP1248890B1 (fr) | 2004-01-07 |
AU2000230554A1 (en) | 2001-07-31 |
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