EP1243850B1 - Brûleur à mazout - Google Patents

Brûleur à mazout Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1243850B1
EP1243850B1 EP01830192A EP01830192A EP1243850B1 EP 1243850 B1 EP1243850 B1 EP 1243850B1 EP 01830192 A EP01830192 A EP 01830192A EP 01830192 A EP01830192 A EP 01830192A EP 1243850 B1 EP1243850 B1 EP 1243850B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
head
flame
combustion
air
recirculating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01830192A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1243850A1 (fr
Inventor
Federico Cavaler
Michele Grandi
Cristina Petroiu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Riello SpA
Original Assignee
Riello SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Riello SpA filed Critical Riello SpA
Priority to EP01830192A priority Critical patent/EP1243850B1/fr
Priority to DE60130731T priority patent/DE60130731T2/de
Priority to AT01830192T priority patent/ATE374904T1/de
Publication of EP1243850A1 publication Critical patent/EP1243850A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1243850B1 publication Critical patent/EP1243850B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/008—Flow control devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/404—Flame tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2207/00—Ignition devices associated with burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2209/00—Safety arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion head for atomized fuel oil burners, and which, according to the invention, produces a low-temperature flame.
  • combustion of the combustible fluid and fluid combustion supporter mixture is brought about by means of a combustion head, which substantially comprises a tubular air conduit into which the fluid combustion supporter, e.g. air, is blown and mixes with the combustible fluid, in this case atomized oil, fed into the same tubular air conduit by means of a mixing device; and combustion is initiated by an ignition device igniting the fuel/combustion supporter mixture.
  • a combustion head substantially comprises a tubular air conduit into which the fluid combustion supporter, e.g. air, is blown and mixes with the combustible fluid, in this case atomized oil, fed into the same tubular air conduit by means of a mixing device; and combustion is initiated by an ignition device igniting the fuel/combustion supporter mixture.
  • a combustion head for a fuel oil burner comprises a tubular air conduit, a flame deflector, a spray-holder having an oil nozzle for atomizing the fuel oil; a substantially conical air nozzle concentric with the spray-holder and an ignition device for igniting a mixture comprising the combustion supporting fluid and atomized particles of the fuel oil.
  • a mixing device for a burner includes an air-guiding member which is arranged in front of a burner nozzle in order to generate a first airflow for recirculation and a second airflow for mixture preparation.
  • the air-guiding member has swirl elements in order to divide the airstreams into partial airstreams and, with simultaneous or subsequent deflection, direct them tangentially or radially to the fuel.
  • the device can be used in burners with blue or yellow burner flame.
  • the main object of the combustion head according to the present invention is to further improve conventional methods of reducing the nitric oxide content of combustion products.
  • the combustion head according to the present invention therefore provides for an exothermic combustion reaction producing fumes with a very small nitric oxide content.
  • the present invention relates to a combustion head for burners, and which provides for a low-temperature flame.
  • the combustion head 10 shown in Figure 1 substantially comprises a tubular air conduit 11 into which the fluid combustion supporter, e.g. air, is fed by a blower (not shown) and mixes with a combustible fluid, e.g. atomized oil, fed into tubular air conduit 11 by a mixing device (see below). Downstream from the air-fuel mixing region, an ignition device 12 ignites the mixture to initiate combustion.
  • the fluid combustion supporter e.g. air
  • a blower not shown
  • a combustible fluid e.g. atomized oil
  • Combustion head 10 is fixed to a blower assembly (not shown) in turn fixed to the wall of a combustion chamber (not shown) by means of a connecting flange (not shown).
  • tubular air conduit 11 Near the end inserted inside the combustion chamber, tubular air conduit 11 has a substantially disk-shaped flame deflector 13 positioned perpendicularly to the air flow direction, which, for the sake of simplicity, is parallel to a longitudinal axis of symmetry S, as shown by arrow F.
  • the periphery of flame deflector 13 integral with tubular air conduit 11 is normally fitted with pipes 14 arranged symmetrically and which define the flow section for a certain amount of tertiary air A3 (see below).
  • pipes 14 are four in number, though only two are shown in Figure 1.
  • Pipes 14 are located downstream from flame deflector 13 in the direction of arrow F; the central portion of flame deflector 13 has a substantially circular central opening 15 symmetrical with respect to axis S; and a pipe 16 for the insertion of a flame detector (not shown) is fixed upstream from flame deflector 13.
  • Tubular air conduit 11 houses a spray-holder 17 coaxial with axis S and which provides for feeding highpressure fuel to an oil nozzle 18 where the fuel is atomized.
  • Spray-holder 17 is fitted concentrically with a propeller device 19 and an air nozzle 20 to form a unit 21, which, as will be seen, may be moved axially along axis S.
  • Unit 21 is located upstream from flame deflector 13, which also provides for effectively protecting unit 21 from excessively high temperatures in the flame region.
  • Unit 21, which, as stated, comprises spray-holder 17, propeller device 19 and air nozzle 20, is centered with respect to both tubular air conduit 11 and central opening 15 of flame deflector 13 by a support 22 comprising a locating sleeve 23 supporting air nozzle 20, and one or more wings 24 for fixing locating sleeve 23 to flame deflector 13.
  • means 25 comprise a screw engaging an eye on flame deflector 13 to adjust the position of sleeve 23 with respect to flame deflector 13; and means 26 comprise a screw engaging a threaded hole on support 22.
  • Means 25 and 26 therefore provide for adjusting the position of unit 21 with respect to central opening 15.
  • the positions of propeller device 19 and spray-holder 17 with respect to air nozzle 20 determine the flow rate of primary air A1 at the outlet section of air nozzle 20.
  • tubular air conduit 11 comprises a front portion 11a and a rear portion 11b, with an annular gap 27 in between for the recirculation of fumes R; and rear portion 11b is fixed firmly to front portion 11a by members 28, only one of which is shown in Figure 1.
  • portion 11b of tubular air conduit 11 is fitted with a recirculating flame pipe 29, which is adjustable to narrow annular gap 27 for recirculating fumes R.
  • combustion head 10 In actual use, to operate combustion head 10, a stream of combustion supporting air is fed by the blower (not shown) along tubular air conduit 11 to flame deflector 13, where it is divided into three distinct air sections A1, A2, A3 (primary, secondary and tertiary respectively) as explained above.
  • propeller device 19 rotates the combustion supporting air to produce, at the outlet of air nozzle 20, a swirling air jet which mixes with the oil atomized by oil nozzle 18, and the characteristics of which are exploited to control the stability of the flame and combustion intensity.
  • the converging shape of air nozzle 20 provides for effectively mixing the air and oil by concentrating the air jet in the spray from oil nozzle 18; and combustion of the air/atomized fuel mixture so formed is initiated by ignition device 12 to create, close to air nozzle 20, a reducing zone where combustion is incomplete.
  • the flame produced in this zone is simultaneously confined by the combustion supporter issuing from secondary air section A2 at central opening 15 of flame deflector 13, the flow rate of which varies according to the adjustment of unit 21 - defined, as stated, by spray-holder 17, propeller device 19 and air nozzle 20 - with respect to central air opening 15 of flame deflector 13.
  • the combustion process is also assisted by recirculating fumes R, which are drawn in through gap 27 for recirculating fumes R and defined by the position of recirculating flame pipe 29 with respect to tubular air conduit 11.
  • the volume of recirculating fumes R drawn into recirculating flame pipe 29 through gap 27 depends on the speeds at which the combustion supporting air flows through the three distinct air sections A1, A2 and A3; which speeds create a low-pressure zone at annular gap 27 to assist intake of recirculating fumes R.
  • the volume of recirculating fumes R may be said to depend on the speed and fluid-dynamic characteristics of the air divided into the three sections A1, A2, A3, and on the size of gap 27 between tubular air conduit 11 and recirculating flame pipe 29.
  • the flow rate of recirculating fumes R through gap 27 can therefore be controlled by adjusting the position of recirculating flame pipe 29 along axis S. This provides for optimizing the intake volume of recirculating fumes R, the main function of which is to lower the flame temperature, which is mainly responsible for the formation of Nox.
  • the position of recirculating flame pipe 29 with respect to tubular air conduit 11 is adjusted by adjusting a pin 30, integral with rear portion 11b of tubular air conduit 11, with respect to a sloping slot 31 formed in recirculating flame pipe 29.
  • a pin 30, integral with rear portion 11b of tubular air conduit 11, with respect to a sloping slot 31 formed in recirculating flame pipe 29 the user, when the burner is off, need simply rotate pipe 29 about axis S with respect to tubular air conduit 11, so as to exploit the "screw effect" of pin 30 engaging sloping slot 31.
  • the next combustion stage takes place at the oxidizing zone, where the combustion supporting air from tertiary air section A3, defined by pipes 14, completes the combustion process inside recirculating flame pipe 29.
  • sleeve 23 and the elements connected to it are replaced by a flame deflector 13 comprising a given number of fins 13a, e.g. four fins 13a spaced 90° apart, for loosely centering air nozzle 20 and all the elements connected to it.
  • Air nozzle 20 and all the elements connected to it are pressed in between fins 13a; and the quantity of secondary air A2 is adjusted by adjusting the position of air nozzle 20 with respect to central opening 15. Obviously, enough space is left between one fin 13a and another to allow secondary air A2 to reach opening 15.
  • recirculating flame pipe 29 comprises two portions 29a, 29b connected integrally to each other.
  • Portion 29b has a number of slots 32 perpendicular to axis S and which, as before, define an annular gap 27 for recirculating fumes R.
  • pin 30 is integral with flame deflector 13, and sloping slot 31 is formed in portion 29b of recirculating flame pipe 29.
  • the user when combustion head 10 is off, simply turns recirculating flame pipe 29 one way or the other about axis S to exploit the "screw effect" of pin 30 engaging sloping slot 31.
  • ignition device 12 is advantageously fixed to the upstream face of flame deflector 13, to enable the user, when necessary, to remove ignition device 12 from the boiler side as opposed to the rear portion of combustion head 10.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Tête de combustion (10) pour brûleur à mazout, comprenant :
    - une conduite d'air tubulaire (11) pour acheminer un fluide de support de combustion ;
    - un déflecteur de flamme (13), comprenant une ouverture centrale (15), ledit déflecteur de flamme (13) étant fixé sur ladite conduite d'air tubulaire (11) et étant sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction d'écoulement (F) du fluide de support de combustion ;
    - un porte-pulvérisateur (17) ayant une buse à huile (18) pour atomiser le mazout ;
    - une buse à air sensiblement conique (20) concentrique avec ledit porte-pulvérisateur (17) ; et
    - un dispositif d'allumage (12) pour allumer un mélange comprenant le fluide de support de combustion et des particules atomisées du mazout ;
    dans laquelle ladite buse à air sensiblement conique (20) est placée en amont dudit déflecteur de flamme (13) et au niveau de ladite ouverture centrale (15) ;
    la tête de combustion (10) étant caractérisée en ce qu'un tube de remise en circulation de flamme (29) est installé en aval de ladite conduite d'air tubulaire (11) ; et en ce qu'un dispositif (14) est prévu pour acheminer de l'air tertiaire (A3) dans la flamme et dans ledit tube de remise en circulation de flamme (29).
  2. Tête (10) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit dispositif (14) comprend un certain nombre de tubes (14) pour acheminer ledit air tertiaire (A3) dans ledit tube de remise en circulation de flamme (29).
  3. Tête (10) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle il est prévu, entre ladite conduite d'air tubulaire (11) et ledit tube de remise en circulation de flamme (29), un intervalle (27) pour remettre en circulation les fumées (R) produites pendant la combustion.
  4. Tête (10) selon la revendication 3, dans laquelle la dimension dudit intervalle (27) est ajustable en ajustant la position dudit tube de remise en circulation de flamme (29) par rapport à ladite conduite d'air tubulaire (11).
  5. Tête (10) selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle ledit tube de remise en circulation de flamme (29) est ajusté par rapport à ladite conduite d'air tubulaire (11) à l'aide d'une broche (30) s'engageant dans une fente (31) s'inclinant par rapport à un axe de symétrie longitudinal (S).
  6. Tête (10) selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle ladite roche (30) fait partie intégrante de ladite conduite d'air tubulaire (11) et ladite fente (31) est formée dans ledit tube de remise en circulation de flamme (29).
  7. Tête (10) selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle ladite broche (30) fait partie intégrante dudit déflecteur de flamme (13) et ladite fente (31) est formée dans ledit tube de remise en circulation de flamme (29).
  8. Tête (10) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la quantité d'air primaire (A1) requise pour lancer le processus de combustion est ajustée en ajustant la position dudit porte-pulvérisateur (17) par rapport à ladite buse à air sensiblement conique (20).
  9. Tête (10) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle un dispositif de propulsion (19) est aménagé entre ledit porte-pulvérisateur (17) et ladite buse à air sensiblement conique (20) pour produire un écoulement turbulent d'air primaire (A1).
  10. Tête (10) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la quantité d'air secondaire (A2) est ajustée en ajustant la position de ladite buse à air sensiblement conique (20) par rapport à ladite ouverture centrale (15).
  11. Tête (10) selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle ladite buse à air sensiblement conique (20) est supportée par un manchon concentrique (23) fixé par des moyens réglables appropriés sur ledit déflecteur de flamme (13).
  12. Tête (10) selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle ladite buse à air sensiblement conique (20) est supportée par un certain nombre d'ailettes (13a) faisant partie dudit déflecteur de flamme (13).
  13. Tête (10) selon la revendication 12, dans laquelle lesdites ailettes (13a) sont au nombre de quatre et sont séparées de 90°.
  14. Tête (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit dispositif d'allumage (12) est fixé sur la face amont du déflecteur de flamme (13) pour permettre son retrait au côté chaudière.
EP01830192A 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Brûleur à mazout Expired - Lifetime EP1243850B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01830192A EP1243850B1 (fr) 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Brûleur à mazout
DE60130731T DE60130731T2 (de) 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Ölbrenner
AT01830192T ATE374904T1 (de) 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Ölbrenner

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01830192A EP1243850B1 (fr) 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Brûleur à mazout

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1243850A1 EP1243850A1 (fr) 2002-09-25
EP1243850B1 true EP1243850B1 (fr) 2007-10-03

Family

ID=8184452

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01830192A Expired - Lifetime EP1243850B1 (fr) 2001-03-20 2001-03-20 Brûleur à mazout

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1243850B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE374904T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60130731T2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20317839U1 (de) * 2003-11-18 2005-03-31 Meku Metallverarbeitung Mischeinrichtung für einen Brenner
DE102006024221A1 (de) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Verdampferbaugruppe, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeugheizgerät oder eine Reformeranordnung eines Brennstoffzellensystems
DE102006049294A1 (de) * 2006-10-19 2008-04-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Mischeinrichtung für einen Öl- oder Gasbrenner
DE202009010692U1 (de) * 2009-08-07 2010-09-16 Meku Metallverarbeitungs Gmbh & Co. Kg Mischeinrichtung für einen Brenner
DE102012012539A1 (de) * 2012-06-26 2014-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ölvormischbrenner
ITUA20164028A1 (it) * 2016-06-01 2017-12-01 Riello Spa Testa di combustione a combustibile liquido
MY192164A (en) 2016-08-02 2022-08-03 Shell Int Research A piping system
CN108443874B (zh) * 2018-05-21 2024-03-22 温岭市博惠热能设备股份有限公司 一种燃烧器及其燃烧头
CN114812329B (zh) * 2022-04-14 2024-10-15 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 一种火焰筒头部匹配性的检查装置及方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1495966A (fr) * 1966-10-06 1967-09-22 American Radiator & Standard Brûleur à mazout
DE4323300C2 (de) * 1993-07-12 1998-03-19 Oertli Waermetechnik Ag Mischvorrichtung für einen Brenner
DE19629954A1 (de) * 1996-07-25 1998-01-29 Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh Brenner für flüssige oder gasförmige Brennstoffe
DE29618399U1 (de) * 1996-10-31 1997-01-09 Schilling, Siegfried W., Russikon Luftdüse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE374904T1 (de) 2007-10-15
EP1243850A1 (fr) 2002-09-25
DE60130731D1 (de) 2007-11-15
DE60130731T2 (de) 2008-07-17

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