EP1238171B1 - Multimedia shaft building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a shaft building comprising a monolithically-shaped shaft lower part, whereupon one or more shaft pipes and/or shaft rings and a cone can be placed depending on the embodiment involved. Channels for different media lines designed for liquid and gas-phase media, for energy or for information are preferably located on the outer wall or in the wall of the shaft ring or shaft pipe or in the shaft lower part. One shaft ring or pipe can have one or more channels for media lines. Said channels pertaining to the individual media lines are preferably aligned above each other. The decisive advantage of the innovative shaft building is that different media are integrated into lines in a single shaft building. Costs associated with inspection and maintenance are significantly reduced. When new lines are constructed or lines are serviced, costs associated with the construction of other shaft buildings are saved.

Description

The invention relates to a shaft structure for open or closed passage liquid media by means of gravity pipes or pressure lines, such as drinking water, rainwater, fire water, dirty water, mixed water, heating water, water vapor, gaseous media in the liquid phase, gaseous media, such as city gas or natural gas and energy - and / or information transmission lines and / or for transit of cargo in freight transport channels.
From the handbook Fritzsche, J .: technical building equipment, publishing house for building, Berlin 1966, P. 58, collecting ducts for urban supply lines are well-known. Such collecting ducts allow the open implementation of a wide variety of media lines, such as dirty water pipe, rainwater pipe, drinking water pipe, heating cable, electric cable, telecommunications lines and gas lines. Due to the open laying of the media lines on the channel floor or on trusses, which are arranged on the shaft walls, there is regularly in the walk-in collecting ducts to conduct interference by biting off predators or rodents or by vandalism.
Another significant disadvantage of the collection channels is that no emergency emptying of individual media lines, z. As the dirty water line, can be made in the Überstaufall, because all other media lines would be flooded.

A further disadvantage of the known collecting ducts is that the development and construction costs, in particular due to the large trench width, are disproportionately high in comparison to conventional forms (buried media ducts in trenches). As a result, the use of collection channels was and is limited to urban agglomerations.
In addition, from the document "MONO development, inspection + distribution shaft", published by: Hans Wörmseher, Hochstraße 20, D-94099 Ruhr village, issued on 01.02.1999) a hood-shaped shaft structure known that the passage and integration of different media lines for dirty water, Water, natural gas and telecommunications allows. The bottom open shaft structure is erected on strip foundations. These do not provide sufficient stability, especially in the case of non-uniform load bearing and subsidence phenomena between manhole structure and the forwarded or discharged underground media lines.

Another major disadvantage is that the bottom open Schachtbauwerk has no retention room, so that in case of accidents or Blockages (backlog) No emergency emptying of the affected media lines in the interior of the shaft structure can be made.

The proposed shaft construction also sees a leadership of the water and Dirty water pipes on the shaft floor in front. This is the working safety of Persons during maintenance or inspection work inside the shaft structure not guaranteed.

Another disadvantage is that the electrical cables are looped past outside the shaft structure.
Equally disadvantageous is the comparatively high space requirement of the cuboid shaft construction. Another disadvantage of the proposed solution is that the subsequent incorporation of media lines makes the drilling of the shaft structure and the insertion of seals required. Another disadvantage of the known solutions of the prior art is that inspection work on the performed media lines make it necessary to open the manhole cover and commit the manhole structure.

From DE 43 39 483 A1 (Grimm et al) is a control, maintenance and / or Repair shaft for supply and / or disposal lines known. This Shaft has a vertical longitudinal axis and a, with an upper cover provided entry shaft. The manhole has openings in the Peripheral wall, in which manhole chambers are attached to the side, in the Supply and / or disposal lines can be introduced.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and to propose a shaft structure, which ensures the safe integration of a wide variety of Media lines allows, without the accessibility of the shaft structure is restricted. In addition, the shaft structure is supposed to be virtually stress-free Incorporation of the inflows and outflows of the media to be transmitted and a secure Recording of all occurring load situations (eg dynamic load by pressure waves within the passages) and with little Production or assembly costs to be produced. The shaft construction should also allow the subsequent integration of new media lines with simple means. In addition, any emergency situations in the shaft structure and / or on the Media lines are detected faster.

According to the invention the object is achieved by the features of the main claim. Preferably developments are subject of the dependent claims.

The manhole structure consists of a monolithically shaped manhole base, on depending on the application, one or more manhole pipes and / or manhole rings and a Cone are placed. The implementation of the media lines for drinking water, Extinguishing water, dirty or mixed water, rainwater, heating water, water vapor, Gas, etc. takes place in separate pipes or open channels. The implementation the power and telecommunication lines are outside the Shaft construction in protective pipes (armored pipes). Inside the shaft structure the protective tubes designed as lead-through segments can optionally be closed Inspection openings on.

The passages of the media lines are arranged on the outer wall or in the wall of the manhole ring or shaft pipe or in the manhole base. Depending on the local conditions (inclination of the inlets and outlets of the individual media lines, number of media feedthroughs to be included, etc.), one or more manhole rings or manhole pipes are placed on the manhole base. In this case, a manhole ring or pipe have one or more bushings for media lines.
The passages of the individual media lines are preferably arranged one above the other in alignment, so as not to impair the accessibility of the shaft at a smallest possible nominal size of the shaft structure for cost reasons.
The inflows and outflows of liquid media are advantageously flush and double-jointed in the area of the wall openings of manhole rings or shaft pipes. Due to the articulated, sleeve-like integration of inlets and outlets in the area of the wall, shear stresses can be elastically absorbed as a result of settling movements of the shaft structure in relation to the buried media lines and be transmitted securely to the wall of the shaft structure. Advantageously, the protective tubes (armored pipes) are integrated as a sheath for electrical energy and telecommunications lines and the redundantly installed conduits for the subsequent integration or looping through additional media lines articulated in the wall of the shaft structure.
The articulated integration takes place in water or sewer pipes through sleeves and joint pieces, which are arranged for favorable introduction of force in the wall of the manhole structure part. As a result, in the case of settling movements, the pipes can compensate for changes in the location within defined tolerances, without resulting in leaks.
In order to prevent shearing off of other media lines (gas, electric), media-specific connections of these lines are provided. In the simplest case conduits or sleeves with the help of sleeves are hinged in the wall of the shaft building part. By a sufficiently large clearance between the inner wall of the sleeve or the empty tube and outer wall of the media line movements within wide tolerances can be compensated. The penetration of groundwater or ore material is prevented by means of known sealing collars.

The implementation of the media lines through the shaft structure can both done in a straight line as well as curved. The preferably in the manhole base arranged open dirty water pipe can be both centrally and off-center be performed. To ensure work safety is at a central Execution of the gravity pipe on the shaft base a walk-on grating arranged, which is, if necessary, removable, hinged or pivotable.

In order to ensure the required accessibility for the maintenance personnel (clear width in all levels of the manhole structure of at least 1000 mm), the shaft passages are arranged in the wall of the manhole ring or shaft pipe. In an alternative embodiment, the passages are tangent to the outer wall of the manhole ring or pipe. Particularly advantageous is the complete integration of all media feedthroughs in the one-sided reinforced wall of the shaft structure, in particular the manhole pipes or manhole rings has shown (Außenanformung). The passage segments of the individual media are preferably arranged vertically aligned one above the other.
In a preferred embodiment, the lead-through segments have gas-tight and / or watertight, closable access openings. As a result, in particular the power supply and telecommunications lines are protected from damage by bite of rodents.
Alternatively, it is possible to pass the media lines without access opening in channels, openings or pipes inside the wall of the shaft structure. In the interior of the shaft structure, the tapered wall at the relevant points at which the media lines are performed, predetermined breaking points, which can be opened as needed by simple means and closed again. This ensures reliable protection of these media lines against vandalism.

The shaft structure preferably has in the interior, in the passage segments and / or in the integrated empty conduits (armored tubes) sensors, which record the system status of the respective media or media feedthroughs. Preference is given via the sensors, the temperature, the pressure, the gas concentration, etc. or a combination of several physical quantities. The storage and evaluation of the measured values can be carried out locally using single-chip microcomputers. The visual representation of the measured values takes place in this case by simple LED displays.

In a preferred development, the determined measurement data are forwarded to a monitoring device and optionally processed and stored. The forwarding of the measured data preferably takes place wirelessly using existing mobile radio networks. The transmission of the data takes place continuously or periodically. Thus, the measurement of relevant measured variables (temperature) can be carried out cyclically via a microcomputer integrated in the shaft structure. If a significant change in the measured values is recorded within predefinable time intervals, the microcomputer detects the respective measured variable in differentially decreasing time intervals. If a critical setpoint value is exceeded or undershot, a malformation message is sent to the network operator.
In an alternative, likewise preferred refinement, the transmission of the measured variables takes place via the telecommunication lines running through the shaft structure.

The decisive advantage of the innovative manhole structure is that different media lines are brought together in a single manhole structure. This significantly reduces the costs of inspection and repair work. Likewise, the costs of constructing new manhole structures in the construction or rehabilitation of routes are saved, in which hitherto the different media have been passed through separately
Due to the space-saving arrangement of the passage segments in the interior of the shaft structure, a large number of passageways can be integrated in comparison to known systems. This opens up the possibility of preventively incorporating and carrying out media lines that are not yet in use at the time of commissioning of the shaft structure. Thus, at a later date, further media lines can be integrated by means of protective pipes (armored pipes) connecting the shaft structures with simple technological means. Thus, for example, the subsequent supply of a catchment area with Lichtleitkabeltechnik as information transmission medium is possible.
Likewise, redundant pipelines for water or mixed water, especially rainwater and other liquid or gaseous media can be kept dry and redundant. This makes it possible to compensate for the increased demand for supply and disposal services in the subsequent development of an area or the settlement of other commercial enterprises.

At the same time this creates the opportunity, in case of an accident (eg congestion or Clogging phenomena within pipelines) the respective media into one initiate redundant media flow. This can be done on the damaged Lead repair work immediately without this being done Interruptions of supply or disposal at the consumer comes.

So far, it was considered a disadvantage that media lines could not be looped through the shaft structure, but had to be moved outside. On the other hand, further investigations have shown that there are applications in which an external laying of media lines in the immediate vicinity of the shaft structure has significant advantages. So far, media lines have been passed arcuately past existing shaft structures. During necessary inspection or repair work, a large volume of excavated earth had to be realized due to the inaccurate position of these lines. To protect against possible destruction of the media lines during excavation, the floor must be removed - due to the inaccurate position of the media lines in the manhole or by means of suction technology.
In order to counteract the risk of damage as far as possible, therefore, in many cases several media lines that had to be led around a shaft structure, horizontally spaced side by side. However, this creates the latent danger of mutual influences by fields or creepage currents. In addition, during repair work, large areas of the route (roads, footpaths) must be blocked.
On the other hand, the innovative manhole structure with external shaping offers the possibility of arranging several media lines to be conveyed vertically above one another (aligned or offset) above the projecting area of the molding. Due to the known external dimensions of the shaft structure, which are advantageously available on machine-readable data carriers on or in the shaft construction, the exact position of the media lines can be determined during repair work. As a result, the necessary effort for the excavation is significantly minimized and minimized the risk of mechanical damage during manhole work.

Another advantage of the shaft construction is the reduction of manufacturing costs through standardization and standardization in the production of large-volume Manhole rings, manhole pipes or manhole bases. In the same way, the Passage segments according to the modular principle in manufacturing technology favorable, larger lot sizes are produced, or depending on geographic Conditions are made individually as a special component. By use preferred external dimensions can also be standardized for special components and thus a high degree of prefabrication can be achieved.

The characteristics stored on a memory, in particular about position / position of the Schachtbauwerkes can wirelessly to a miniaturized transceiver unit at Manhole structure or be forwarded outside of it. This is done with means the radio order (for example, by known GPS positioning systems) easy to find a damaged shaft construction possible. Especially in densely populated urban areas, in which a variety of manhole structures, especially in intersection areas are arranged in spatial proximity to each other, so is the possibility in case of emergency (sewerage, pipeline breakage, access to extinguishing water pipes in case of fire, spills of dangerous liquids, etc.) the sought after Pipeline in each shaft construction to detect in the shortest possible time.

The use of diagnostic equipment also enables important system data on the respective state of the affected media line (temperature, pressure, surface tensions, conductivity, gas concentration, specific noises, etc.). be captured, stored and evaluated. In connection with so-called "data mobile phones", measured quantities and characteristic data of a shaft structure can be called up.
In a cost-effective alternative barcode identifications are arranged in the visible area of the shaft structure, which allow reading the stored information about the location and the specific design of the respective shaft structure using a known bar code reader.
The innovative shaft construction also has a further significant advantage: So far, in the known solutions of the prior art in the manhole base in the so-called TWIN shaft system, two lines were laid next to each other with the same sole or with small differences in the bottom of up to 60 (70) cm. This leads logically to wider trenches and larger shafts than when laying the two sewers (rainwater and dirty water).
Known multi-part shaft structures, which consist of manhole base, shaft pipe or - ring and cone, have the disadvantage that when a superposition of two pipes in stacked manhole parts each pipe for strength reasons up and down must have a concrete coverage of at least 25 cm. Therefore, known multi-part shaft structures can be used depending on the nominal diameter of the lower pipe only from a certain minimum minimum difference.
Also this insert gap can be closed by that innovative shaft construction. By the integration of two superposed bushings or passage segments (6) z. For example, for rainwater and dirty water in a manhole structure element (eg in the manhole base or in the manhole pipe), the innovative manhole structure can be used successfully even with small differences in the floor due to the reduction in concrete cover
Known multi-part shaft structures also have the disadvantage that surge and reflection wave related, short-term pulse-like peak loads due to the constructive solution lead to tensile and torsional loads on the closed rainwater flow part. These loads are harmful to concrete manholes. The external shaping of the innovative manhole structure solves this problem so that only pressure loads are created in the chess which the concrete can absorb ideally and permanently.
The technological problem of cooling the energy supply lines to be carried out is achieved in that the lines outside the shaft structures are preferably buried. As a result, heat transfer to the usually damp soil is easily possible. Alternatively, laying can be done by embedding in other thermally conductive materials (floor mortar, concrete). Within the lead-through segments inside the shaft structure and within the pipes used between the individual manhole structures for laying the pipes, the heat generated is preferably dissipated by forced ventilation. For this purpose, the lead-through segment or the water-tight and gas-tight closable access opening is connected via an air duct with a high point of the shaft structure, preferably in the upper region of the cone. Due to the existing temperature differences and the existing air currents in the shaft structure, the heat of the electrical cables is automatically dissipated. In order to prevent the ingress of rainwater through any openings in the manhole cover, the outlet opening of the air duct is cranked or provided with a movable ventilation flap.

The invention will be described below with reference to several embodiments and shown in more detail in drawings.

Figur 1:

ein Schachtbauwerk in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht und einer Draufsicht mit mehreren Durchleitungssegmenten, die unmittelbar in der Wandung des Schachtbauwerkunterteiles sowie der Schachtringe bzw. Schachtrohre im wesentlichen fluchtend übereinander angeordnet sind.

Figur 2:

ein Schachtbauwerk mit einem Schachtunterteil, dessen Wandung im Bereich des Durchleitungssegmentes für die Durchleitung des Regenwassers eine vergrößerte Wanddicke aufweist (Außenanformung).

Figur 3:

ein Schachtbauwerk mit einem hochgezogenen Schachtrohr, dessen Wandung im Bereich des Durchleitungssegmentes für die Durchleitung des Regenwassers eine vergrößerte Wanddicke aufweist.

Figur 4:

ein Schachtbauwerk mit hochgezogenem monolithischem Schachtbauwerksunterteil mit einer partiellen Verstärkung der Wandung, die eine geschlossene Regenwasserleitung aufnimmt.

Figur 5:

ein Schachtbauwerk mit außermittiger Anordnung der Schmutzwasserleitung im Schachtbauwerksunterteil, einem mit einer Außenanformung versehenen Schachtrohr sowie fluchtend darüber angeordneten, im Erdreich verlegten Medienleitungen.

Figur 6:

ein Schachtbauwerk mit einem monolithischen Schachtrohr, das mit einem aufgesetzten, bis an die Oberkante der Straßenabdeckung führenden Inspektionsrohr verbunden ist.

Figur 7:

ein Schachtbauwerk mit einem, in der Wandung des Konus und des darunter angeordneten Schachtrohres verlaufenden Endoskopiekanals.

Figur 8:

ein Schachtbauwerk mit einem auf einem Schachtbauwerksunterteil ruhenden Schachtrohr, mit einer in der Wandung verlaufenden Regenwasserleitung und einem seitlichen Zugang zu einem gegebenenfalls nachträglich zu verlegenden Gütertransportkanal.

Figur 9:

ein Schachtbauwerk mit einem über das Schachtbauwerksunterteil zu inspizierenden, unterhalb des bisherigen Schachtbauwerksunterteils liegenden Gütertransportkanals.

Show it:

FIG. 1:

a shaft structure in a sectional side view and a plan view with a plurality of passage segments, which are arranged directly in the wall of the manhole base and the manhole rings or shaft tubes substantially aligned one above the other.

FIG. 2:

a shaft structure with a manhole base, whose wall in the region of the passage segment for the passage of rainwater has an increased wall thickness (Außenanformung).

FIG. 3:

a shaft structure with a raised shaft pipe whose wall has an increased wall thickness in the region of the passage segment for the passage of rainwater.

FIG. 4:

a shaft structure with raised monolithic manhole base with a partial reinforcement of the wall, which receives a closed rainwater pipe.

FIG. 5:

a shaft structure with eccentric arrangement of the dirty water pipe in the shaft building base, provided with a Außenanformung shaft well and aligned above it, laid in the ground media lines.

FIG. 6:

a manhole structure with a monolithic manhole tube connected to an attached inspection tube leading to the top edge of the road cover.

FIG. 7:

a shaft structure with a, in the wall of the cone and the shaft tube arranged below the endoscopic channel.

FIG. 8:

a shaft structure with a shaft shaft resting on a manhole base, with a rainwater line running in the wall and a lateral access to a freight transport channel which may be subsequently laid.

FIG. 9:

a shaft structure with a to be inspected over the shaft building base, below the previous shaft building base part lying freight transport channel.

Figure 1 shows a manhole structure, consisting of a manhole base, in the sole off-center an open dirty water pipe is performed. The partially reinforced wall of the manhole building lower part has two passage segments 6f, 6g arranged in a flush arrangement one above the other for the passage of a drinking water and an extinguishing water line through the interior of the shaft wall. On the shaft building base 1 sits positively a shaft tube 2 with a, arranged in the reinforced shaft wall 14 passage segment 6k for the passage of rainwater. The passage segment 6k has an overhead inspection and inspection opening 19 provided with a liquid-tight seal (not shown in more detail). On this shaft pipe 2, another shaft tube 2 is placed. in the reinforced wall 14, a further passage segment 6k is arranged with the upper inspection opening 19. The passage segment 6k serves to accommodate only slightly contaminated rainwater. On this shaft tube 2 sits a squat shaft shaft 3 with a, integrated in the reinforced wall 14 of the manhole component passage segment 6e, which serves to transmit natural gas. The reinforced walls of the shaft tubes 2 and the manhole ring 3 are formed in this embodiment as cuboid Außenanformung. The manhole tubes 2 and the manhole ring 3 are each monolithically shaped shaft construction elements made of concrete, polymer concrete or plastic, which are produced by prototyping. The completion of the manhole structure is a well-known cone 4 with attached shaft ring cover.

The advantage of this design is that a free, unhindered accessibility of the shaft structure for cleaning, inspection and repair work is possible. The laterally arranged in the inner wall of the shaft tube 2 Inspection openings 19 allow easy accessibility with cleaning tools. Similarly, a simple discharge of an inspection camera through the upward directed inspection openings possible.

FIG. 2 shows another manhole structure with a monolithic manhole structure lower part 1 in whose berm 7 an open dirty water pipe 11 is carried out off-center. In the reinforced wall 14 of the manhole base 1, a passage segment 6k for the passage of rainwater is integrated (Außenanformung). By an obliquely upwardly directed channel 26, which is closed by a watertight inspection cover, easy inspection and cleaning of the rainwater passage segment 6k is possible. Below the passage segment 6k for the rainwater, a passage segment 6h is arranged to carry out a dirty water pressure line.
On the shaft building base 1 is seated positively a shaft tube 2 with two, in the reinforced wall 14 of the shaft pipe 2 extending passage segments 6f, 6e for the implementation of drinking water or gas. For cost reasons, no inspection openings on the shaft pipe 2 are provided. In the case of necessary repair work, access to the passage segments 6e, 6f can be created via not-shown predetermined breaking points in the wall of the shaft pipe 2. The missing inspection openings offer a reliable protection against vandalism. In particular, manipulations or wanton destruction of the media lines are excluded.

On the shaft pipe 2 sits a manhole ring 3 with several, integrated in the reinforced wall passage segments 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d for the implementation of various media lines (TV, radio, pay TV, electric energy). Through a large-scale inspection opening 19, which is provided with a liquid-tight closure, maintenance and repair work on the running in the upper part of the shaft structure media lines or the associated communication or power supply facilities can be made easily and ergonomically favorable position.
In order to prevent heat accumulation within the cavity, which is formed by the bushings of the electric lines, the inspection room has an upwardly extending and leading to the upper edge of the ground ventilation duct 5. To protect against vandalism, the ventilation duct 5 opens in the interior of the shaft structure in the area of the manhole cover.

FIG. 3 shows a manhole structure with a squat manhole base 1, in the berm 7 of which an open dirty water pipe 11 is carried out off-center. In the reinforced wall 14 of the manhole structure lower part 1, a rectilinear passage segment 6h of a dirty water pressure line is arranged. On the shaft building base 1 rests a monolithic shaped shaft pipe 2, in whose reinforced wall 14 a rainwater pipe is passed with a diameter of 800 mm. For cleaning and inspection purposes, the passage segment 6k is connected via an obliquely upwardly extending channel to the interior of the shaft structure. A vertically arranged, watertight and closable inspection opening 19 allows easy opening of the channel.
On the shaft pipe 2, a manhole ring 3 is arranged, which - as in Figure 2 - has a plurality of superimposed passage segments for the passage of media and power supply lines. Waste heat through the electric lines is forcibly discharged via an overhead ventilation duct 5 running through the adjoining cone. In addition to the passage segments 6 for media and Elt lines, the manhole ring 3 has two further, mutually staggered passage segments 6 for the passage of liquid or gaseous media.

FIG. 4 shows a manhole structure with a monolithic manhole base 1, which receives in the reinforced wall 14 an arcuate passage segment 6k extending in plan view for the passage of rainwater. In the passage segment 6k, another inlet 17 opens.
By the chamfer 16 of the lower portion of the substantially cuboid Anformung 44 of the reinforced wall 14 of the manhole base 1 a lighter backfilling with earth is possible.
The monolithic manhole base 1 has next to further passage segment 6 for the passage of other media through the shaft structure.
Access to individual passage segments is secured via defined break points, which, in the event of an accident, allow quick access to the relevant media lines. To protect against vandalism is dispensed with an identification of the predetermined breaking points, since the location of the power supply line is easily determined by known technical means.

The shaft structure is used in particular with low differences in the base between the dirty water pipe running in the berm and the one above it Rain water pipe. Depending on the geographical location and the too realizing gradient, the shaft structure with other, in their dimensions normalized or custom-made manhole pipes or manhole rings be completed. With this shaft structure can also - in contrast to known solutions, such. B. the TWIN shaft - a cheaper trench geometry will be realized.

FIG. 5 shows, in a sectional side view, a further shaft construction in which the rainwater passage segment 6k arranged in the shaft ring 2 is arranged in alignment over the wall of the shaft lower part 1. This arrangement of the passage segment 6k has the advantage that horizontally directed in the direction of the shaft interior impulsive loads (especially as a result of strong rain-induced surge and / or reflection waves) only generate pressure loads within the shaft structure, which are safely and permanently absorbed by the material used concrete.
On the manhole base 1, which has an open, eccentrically arranged dirty water channel 11 in the berm 7, a compensating ring 15 is arranged for individual adaptation to the sole difference between the dirty water pipe 11 and the rainwater pipe running in the reinforced wall 14 of the manhole pipe 2. A form-fitting, material or non-positively connected shaft ring 3 with the shaft pipe 2 and a cone 4 resting thereon form the upper end of the shaft structure.
As a result of the external shaping of the passage segment 6k in the shaft pipe 2, the static and dynamic stresses which occur and act in the direction of the shaft interior can be safely collected and transmitted as pure compressive stresses to the concrete shaft, which the construction material can reliably and permanently absorb concrete ,
A further advantage of the parallelepiped-shaped outer shaping in the area of the reinforced wall 14 of the shaft tube 2 is that above the outwardly projecting formation 44, media lines 27 (eg for gas, electric energy and drinking water) laid in the ground are more easily detected in the event of a breakdown can, as their position by the dimensions of the shaft structure and the Anformung 44 is precisely defined. In particular, in applications in which different media lines coming from different directions come together on or in the shaft construction, this arrangement in the event of necessary repair work, a quick location and exposure of the relevant media lines is possible.

FIG. 6 shows a further shaft construction with a shaft pipe 2 placed on the shaft lower part 1. In the reinforced wall 14 of the shaft pipe 2, a passage segment 6k is arranged for the passage of rainwater. The arcuate profile of the passage segment 6k in plan view causes a change of direction of the medium flowing through.
As a result of this change in direction occurs in heavy rainfall at it thereby forming surge and reflection waves to strong pulse-like load peaks that produce corresponding resulting forces in the shaft structure. In known solutions of the prior art in which the rainwater pipe is passed as a plugged pipe or in a console through the interior of the shaft structure, such loads always lead to tensile stresses or Torsionsmomenten. In contrast to this, the innovative shaft construction makes it possible to convert the occurring forces into pure compressive stresses as a result of the external shaping of the rainwater run-through. These are ideally absorbed by the concrete and thus do not lead to cracks or premature fatigue of the construction material.
The passage segment 6k has a further inlet 17 for the integration of a closed rainwater pipe, not shown.

The passage segment 6k has at the top an upwardly directed opening 28, to which via a socket with sleeve a revision tube 29 is connected, which leads to the upper edge of the road cover. Thus, for the first time, the prerequisite is created, without ascending the manhole structure, to carry out an inspection of the stormwater line, in particular in the area of the additionally incorporated inlet 17. Thus, it is possible to undertake an analysis of the degree of soiling or of the state of wear of the flow-technically most heavily loaded area of the passage segment 6k using known endoscopes without having to commit the interior of the shaft.
In addition, the passage segment 6k has a connection channel 30, which opens into the interior of the shaft structure. The vertical inspection opening 19 can be closed pressure-tight by known means and allows a rapid opening during cleaning and repair work.

FIG. 7 shows a shaft structure in which the monolithic shaft pipe 2 has a passage segment 6k provided with a change in direction in the area of the reinforced wall 14 with a further inlet 17. The passage segment 6k serves the closed passage of rainwater. In the upper region of the passage segment 6k, an endoscopy channel 22 extends within the wall of the shaft tube 2 and the cone 4 placed thereon. The channel allows with known endoscopes an inspection of the closed stormwater line from the street level, without an entry into the interior of the shaft structure including Opening the inspection cover 19 of the passage segment 6k is necessary. The opening at the street level of the endoscopy channel 22 is secured by a vehicle-traversable closure. Depending on the use, this closure can be made pressure-tight or have ventilation openings.

FIG. 8 shows a shaft structure in which the shaft pipe 2 is connected to an adjacent freight transport channel 23 through an inspection opening. The freight transport channel serves the use of an underground transport system for the carriage of goods, in particular within urban conurbations. As a result, piece goods in particular can be transported from shipping warehouses directly to the customers or end consumers. The inspection opening 19 and the access 25 to the freight transport channel 23 are dimensioned so that over the shaft structure maintenance or repair work in the freight transport channel 23 can be performed.

FIG. 9 shows a further shaft construction in which a freight transport channel 23 is arranged below the sole of the dirty water line 11 on the shaft lower part 1. A pressure-tight lockable access 25 allows inspection work in the lower freight transport channel 23rd

List of used reference characters

1

Manhole base

2

manhole pipe

3

manhole

4

cone

5

ventilation duct

6

By line segment

6a

Telekom

6b

Pay TV

6c

radio

6d

electric

6e

gas

6f

Drinking water

6g

fire water

6h

Dirty water pressure line

6i

slop

6k

rainwater

61

mixed water

7

berm

8th

conduit

9

fire water

10

Dirty water pressure line

11 1

Sewage line

12

rainwater

13

Oil contaminated surface water

14

Reinforced shaft wall

15

compensation ring

16

bevel

17

Intake

18

procedure

19

inspection opening

21

road coverage

22

endoscopy channel

23

Cargo transport channel

25

Access

26

Inspection opening with cable access

27

buried media line

28

breakthrough

29

revision channel

30

connecting channel

44

conformation

Claims (35)

1. Shaft structure for the open or closed passage of liquid media by means of open channel pipes or pressure pipes, such as potable water, rain water, fire-extinguishing water, waste water, mixed water, heating water, water vapour, of gaseous media in liquid phase, of gaseous media, such as town gas or natural gas, and of energy- and/or information-transmission lines and/or for the passage of transport goods in goods-transport channels, including the shaft structure bottom part (1) with at least one put-on shaft tube (2) and/or shaft ring (3) and a cone (4), whereby the shaft structure bottom part (1) and/or a shaft tube (2) and/or a shaft ring (3) consist(s) of concrete, steel-reinforced concrete, improved concrete, polymer concrete and/or a plastic material and are provided with at least one passage and/or one passage segment (6) for the passage of media and/or an empty pipe (8) for the later addition of medium lines, which is arranged in or by means of an external lug (44) at the outer wall of the shaft structure part (1), (2), (3), whereby the pivotable mount of the feed and discharge lines of the medium lines is provided in the wall of the shaft structure part.
2. Shaft structure to claim 1 characterized in that the lead-throughs or passage segments (6) of the energy- and information lines are provided with gas- or liquid-tight inspection openings ( 19).
3. Shaft structure to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the lead-throughs or passage segments (6) of the energy and information lines are reachable through predetermined breaking points in the wall of the shaft bottom, the shaft tube (2) or the shaft ring (3).
4. Shaft structure to claim 3 characterized in that the shaft structure is provided with sensors, which sense the system conditions of the media and/or of the medium passages.
5. Shaft structure to claim 4 characterized in that the sensors sense the temperature and/or the pressure and/or the gas concentration and/or noise in the interior of the shaft structure and/or in the lead-throughs or passage segments (6) and/or the empty pipes (8).
6. Shaft structure to claim 4 or 5 characterized in that the measurement data determined by the sensors are feedable into an information line laid through the shaft structure.
7. Shaft structure to claim 5 characterized in that the measurement data sensed by the sensors are leadable in a wireless manner to an information recording device and/or processing device.
8. Shaft structure to any of the claims I to 7 characterized in that the shaft structure is provided with a ventilation device for cooling of passed energy supply lines.
9. Shaft structure to claim 8 characterized in that the ventilation device is designed as forced ventilation, in which the lead-throughs, empty pipes (8) or passage segments (6) are connected to an air outlet in the cone (4) of the shaft structure over an air channel (5).
10. Shaft structure to any of the claims 1 to 9 characterized in that the medium lines outside the shaft structure are laid in protective pipes or channels.
11. Shaft structure to claim 1 characterized in that the shaft tube (2) is provided with a plurality of lead-throughs and/or passage segments (6) and/or empty pipes (8).
12. Shaft structure to claim 1 characterized in that the shaft ring (3) is provided with a plurality of lead-throughs and/or passage segments (6) and/or empty pipes (8).
13. Shaft structure to claim 1 characterized in that the shaft bottom part (1) is provided with a plurality of lead-throughs and/or passage segments (6) and/or empty pipes (8).
14. Shaft structure to claim 1 characterized in that the lead-throughs or passage segments (6) or empty pipes (8) are configured linear or curved.
15. Shaft structure to claim 1 or 14 provided with a passage segment (6) which has at least one further inlet (17) and/or outlet (18).
16. Shaft structure to claim 1 characterized in that the wall of the shaft bottom part (1) and/or the shaft tube (2) and/or the shaft ring (3) is provided with the external lug (44) in the region of the passage segment (6).
17. Shaft structure to claim 1 or 16 characterized in that the reinforced wall (14) of the shaft tube (2) and/or the shaft ring (3) and/or the shaft bottom part (1) has the external lug (44) provided with a taper (16) of the outer wall.
18. Shaft structure to claim 1 or 16 characterized in that the reinforced wall (14) of the shaft tube (2) and/or the shaft ring (3) and/or the shaft bottom part (1) has the external lug (44) provided with an essentially vertical outer wall of the lug (44).
19. Shaft structure to any of the claims 1, 15, 16, 17 or 18 characterized in that the external lug (44) connected to the shaft bottom part (1) and/or the shaft tube (2) and/or the shaft ring (3) is configured cubiod-shaped.
20. Shaft structure to any of the claims 1 or 15 to 19 characterized in that the external lug (44) is connected by form closure to the shaft bottom part (1), the shaft tube (2) or the shaft ring (3).
21. Shaft structure to any of the claims 1 or 15 to 19 characterized in that the external lug (44) is connected by adhesive force closure to the shaft bottom part (1), the shaft tube (2) or the shaft ring (3).
22. Shaft structure to any of the claims 1 or 15 to 19 characterized in that the external lug (44) is connected by frictional force closure to the shaft bottom part (1), the shaft tube (2) or the shaft ring (3).
23. Shaft structure to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the passage segments (6) are provided with pressure-tightly closable, camera-passable inspection openings (19).
24. Shaft structure to any of the claims 1 or 11 to 13 characterized in that the wall of the monolithic shaft bottom parts (1) and/or the shaft tubes (2) and/or the shaft rings (3) is provided with through holes for the mounting of a passage segment (6), which is configured as a standardised component or as a customised special component.
25. Shaft structure to claim 1 characterized in that at or in the shaft structure or near to it devices for the information recording and/or information storage and/or information transfer of data specific to the structure, operational data and/or environmentally relevant data are arranged.
26. Shaft structure to claim 25 characterized in that measurement data and/or characteristic values of the shaft structure are retrievable and evaluatable in a wireless manner by a central, an inspection vehicle or a service person.
27. Shaft structure to claim 25 or 26 characterized in that the transfer of the measurement data and/or characteristic values takes place over cellular radio systems.
28. Shaft structure to claim 25 or 26 characterized in that the transfer of the measurement data and/or characteristic values takes place over the telecommunication lines running through the shaft structure.
29. Shaft structure to any of the claims 1, 11, 12 or 13 characterized in that in the shaft bottom part (1) and/or the shaft tube (2) and/or the shaft ring (3) free empty tubes or passages or passage segments (6) are arranged for a later addition of medium lines.
30. Shaft structure to any of the claims 1, 11, 12, 13 or 29 characterized in that in the shaft bottom part (1) and/or the shaft tube (2) and/or the shaft ring (3) more than one redundant dry pipeline for water and/or mixed water or passages or passage segments (6) for other liquid and/or gaseous media and/or solid materials and/or energy- or information lines are arranged.
31. Shaft structure to claim 1 characterized in that the shaft structure is provided with an inspection channel (20) and/or an endoscopic channel (22) and/or an revision channel (29).
32. Shaft structure to claim 1 or 31 characterized in that the endoscopic channel (22) is configured as tube or box profile and runs in the wall or at the inner wall or the outer wall of the shaft structure.
33. Shaft structure to claim 1 characterized in that a goods-transport channel (23) adjacent to the shaft structure is accessible, especially man-accessible through an entrance.
34. Shaft structure to claim 1 characterized in that medium lines to be laid past the shaft structure are arranged vertically on top of each other (in line or offset) above the projecting region of the external lug (44).
35. Shaft structure to claim 25 or 26 characterized in that the device for information recording and/or information storage and/or information transfer of data specific to the structure, operational data and/or environmentally relevant data is a transponder.

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