EP1236543A2 - Vise-grip or expanding pliers - Google Patents

Abstract

The pliers have a toothed arc batten (11) fitted to one of the arms (4) of the pliers, in the teeth of which a locking pawl (13) fitted to the handle part of the other arm (6) engages. This pawl and its locking sector (17) are made in two parts. The spacing between the tooth engagement point of the pawl and the teeth and bearing journals can be reduced, causing the two clamping sectors (7, 9) to spring apart.

Description

The invention relates to a clamping or spreading pliers according to the preamble of claim 1.

By catalog Gödde, 1989, page 531, is an assembly clamp known as they are in the surgical field Application. The resilience is based on the resettable deformability of the pliers legs. So the stalks are quite slim and so are also the relatively long jaws. They are like practically tweezers arms. The respective clamping position can be fixed with a detachable latch clamp. Corresponding tooth-like locking projections are located between the stalks. The loosening causes a twisting of the Gun arms ahead. This can lead to a jaw offset to lead.

Cable cutters and pruning shears are also known (US-PS 1 454 917, U.S. Patent 4,062,218, UK Patent 1,056,176) to which the one tooth segment and a removable ratchet pawl are arranged so that the gun arms are torsion-free stay. However, these solutions rely on complex ones Transmission.

From US-A 4,821,610 is a clamping and spreading pliers known with two in the manner of a scissor joint with each other connected pliers arms. Form the tong arms handle sections on one end and at the other end Handle actuation of clamping sections that can be moved towards each other. The two gun arms can be in different spacing positions lock in a clamping position. A Toothed arch bar, which is assigned to one of the two pliers arms acts with one pawl of the other Pliers arms together. To maintain the The pliers described there have a clamping force Rubber support on the jaws.

WO 98/14308 shows a clamping tool in which the Tension generated by a separate leaf spring becomes.

The invention has for its object a generic Clamping or expanding pliers in terms of handling improve.

The problem is solved by the one specified in claim 1 Invention. The gun arms are made of plastic, the clamping sections are profiled so that the Clamping force due to the elastic deformation of the clamping sections is maintained. The dental arch is located for this in a recess close to the trade. The dental arch is made of a harder material than that Gun arms themselves and especially from a relative harder plastic.

The pliers arch strip is advantageously inserted into a recess in a pliers arm. It is structurally so that the pliers bow bar by means of the scissors-joint pin pinned with the forceps arm and supported on it is. It is further proposed that the clamping sections the jaws of the jaws can be tilted at the end wear. This enables one in any spread position bilateral plane-parallel grasping of a plate-shaped Object. There is also a contribution of the invention in the fact that one of the pliers arms forms an opening, through which the other gun arm is inserted is to achieve the so-called through-put Articulation type tool. This solution is further characterized in that the inner, ie through pliers arm carries the pliers bow bar. The solution proves to be advantageous in terms of operation in that the pawl protrudes into the handle section Training section. Advantageously is the operating section in a window of the The handle portion. Evidence of construction and material saving the measure that the handle portion is a U-shaped Cross section, in the cavity of the pawl rotatable. The handle section itself has a bearing axis passing through the cavity for the Pawl on. It is then advantageous that the Pliers arms cushioned in the direction of expansion of the jaws are. When the pawl is released, the clamping pliers jump so always in their open position. A measure by even independent meaning is also that the pliers clamping force is greater than that for Release of the pawl necessary force. That makes priority release and opening of the clamp, without the pawl arm should be gripped. It is then continued that the pawl is acted upon by an arm of the spreading spring is. The spreading spring thus has a double function; it acts as a pawl spring and as a return spring the clamp. The corresponding accessibility towards the pawl is achieved in that a Arm of the spreading spring through a slot in the dental arch surfaced. Another feature is that the spreading spring is a torsion spring whose turn is tied up by the scissor joint pin. Finally, it is suggested that the ends of the Form clamping sections bearing eyes, in which bearing axes protrude from a storage pocket of the jaw. The Bags are accessible so that such jaws can be replaced with an auxiliary tool can, for example if certain gripping profiles required are. So the jaws only need to be exchanged. Finally reached that the clamping force due to an elastic deformation the tensioning sections are maintained. It lies a powerful, in the swivel plane of the gun arms horizontal torsion-free clamping voltage.

An advantageous development of the invention Clamping or spreading pliers then consists in that the Pawl and the operating section in two parts are trained. This allows the activation of one Between function. This is substantiated by the fact that the Distance between tooth engagement point of pawl and Toothing and bearing axis for the rotatable mounting of the Confirmation section by a first activation of the Actuating section is shortened so that the two clamping sections from the clamping position into one Ventilation position are disengaged, the tooth mesh which is retained when operated twice of the operating section is canceled. The Second actuation no longer occurs against the resilience of the tool. The first actuation requires significantly reduced trigger power; unlocking falls "softer". It is provided that the pawl and actuation section against each other during the first actuation pivot and shift. The postponement is possible according to one of the journal penetrated longitudinal slot of the pawl. The other means are characterized by a assigned to the actuating section, in an angular Slot of the pawl engaging release pin, which in the assigned to the clamping position Position in a substantially transverse to the connecting line from tooth meshing point and bearing journal engages first slot section and which release pin in the assigned to the ventilation position Position in a substantially parallel to the connecting line extending second slot section occurs. The knee-like control system achieved in this way works under forced control: first disengagement, then Parallel relocation of the release pin in the latter, so second slot section. The runs second slot section in the same direction as the longitudinal slot. Pawl and operating section are from acted on the same arm of the spreading spring. It works tamper-proof on the ratchet mechanism.

Fig. 1

die Klemmzange in perspektivischer Darstellung, bei geöffnetem Zangenmaul, gemäß dem ersten Aus führungsbeispiel,

Fig. 2

diese Position der Klemmzange in Seitenansicht,

Fig. 3

den Schnitt gemäß Linie III-III in Figur 2,

Fig. 4

den Schnitt gemäß Linie IV-IV in Figur 2,

Fig. 5

die Klemmzange in Seitenansicht, jedoch bei geschlossenem Maul,

Fig. 6

eine Seitenansicht gegen die rechte Seite der Figur 5,

Fig. 7

eine partiell aufgebrochene Seitenansicht gegen die linke Seite der Figur 5,

Fig. 8

eine der Figur 2 entsprechende Darstellung, jedoch bei aufgebrochenem Gewerbebereich und Sperrklinkenbereich,

Fig. 9

die Klemmzange in Seitenansicht, bei geschlossenem Maul, gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,

Fig. 10

eine Seitenansicht gegen die rechte Seite der Fig. 9,

Fig. 11

eine Seitenansicht gegen die linke Seite der Fig. 9,

Fig. 12

die Klemmzange ein Objekt klemmend greifend, und zwar in Seitenansicht,

Fig. 13

die Klemmzange in einer Lüftungsstellung,

Fig. 14

die Klemmzange in Spreiz-Öffnungsstellung,

Fig. 15

den aufgebrochenen Gewerbebereich der Klemmzange in Position gemäß Fig. 12,

Fig. 16

den aufgebrochenen Gewerbebereich der Klemmzange in einer die Lüftungsstellung einleitenden Vorposition,

Fig. 17

den aufgebrochenen Gewerbebereich in Position gemäß Fig. 13 und

Fig. 18

den aufgebrochenen Gewerbebereich der Klemmzange in Position gemäß Fig. 14.

The subject matter of the invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of two illustrative examples. It shows:

Fig. 1

the clamp pliers in a perspective view, with the jaws open, according to the first exemplary embodiment,

Fig. 2

this position of the clamp in side view,

Fig. 3

the section along line III-III in Figure 2,

Fig. 4

the section along line IV-IV in Figure 2,

Fig. 5

the clamp in side view, but with the mouth closed,

Fig. 6

3 shows a side view against the right side of FIG. 5,

Fig. 7

3 shows a partially broken side view against the left side of FIG. 5,

Fig. 8

2 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 2, but with the commercial area and pawl area broken open,

Fig. 9

the clamp in side view, with the mouth closed, according to the second embodiment,

Fig. 10

9 shows a side view against the right side of FIG. 9,

Fig. 11

9 shows a side view against the left side of FIG. 9,

Fig. 12

the clamping pliers gripping an object in a side view,

Fig. 13

the clamp in a ventilation position,

Fig. 14

the clamping pliers in the open position,

Fig. 15

the opened commercial area of the clamp in position according to FIG. 12,

Fig. 16

the opened commercial area of the clamping pliers in a preposition introducing the ventilation position,

Fig. 17

the opened commercial area in position according to Fig. 13 and

Fig. 18

the opened commercial area of the clamping pliers in the position according to FIG. 14.

The clamp pliers 1 shown are of the scissors type created, but with the formation of a so-called inserted joint.

With joint-forming is a scissors-joint pin 2. The penetrates congruently lying eyes 3 in the intersection area two tong arms 4,5. The one labeled 4 The arm of the pliers is the one that is inside, that is to say penetrating.

The gun arms 4,5 are made of plastic. They are in generated material-saving cross-sectional shape, so preferred hollowed mouth and gusset opening.

The pliers arm 4 forms one that serves to operate the handle Handle section 6 and has a grasping one Object causing clamping section 7. Similarly the gripped arm 5 has a corresponding one Handle section 8 and a clamping section 9. In the area of the trade G with each other in the manner of a scissor joint connected pliers arms 4,5 finds a directional offset sections 6-9 instead, so that the Gun arms 4.5 practically a Z-shaped plan form. This leads to a significant widening between the changing parts of the gun arms 4,5.

The tong arms 4,5 can be locked in a clamping position. This affects both the maximum closed position of the jaws 10 of the clamp 1 and intermediate positions up to the maximum defined Spread position of the jaw-side clamping sections 7.9. A toothed arch bar is used for this purpose 11. Their toothing 12 is sawtooth-like. The Arc goes around a radius R, the radius point of which geometric axis of the scissors-pivot pin 2. ' The dental arch strip 11 is assigned to a pliers arm 4. It can be integrally formed. Is preferred however, proceeded so that the dental arch strip 11 from a harder plastic than that of the gun arms 4.5. In such a case, the multi-part Building preference given.

A pawl 13 interacts with the toothing 12. That is in the region of the grip section 8 of the penetrated arm 5 protected, but still conveniently accessible for operation. The pawl 13 has the corresponding counter toothing 14 on. Both the steep flank of the toothing 12 and that of the counter toothing 14 is on the radius point of the Scissor joint pin 2 directed. The respective tooth back shows the typical sawtooth from the illustration Skew.

As can be seen from the drawing, the Pliers bow bar 11 in a recess close to the trade 15 of the penetrating arm 4. The segment-shaped Groin is of such an outline that its bondage due to the already existing scissor joint pin 2 can be effected, which thus the pliers bow bar 11 pinned to the pincer arm 4. The pincer bow 11 is congruent with the eye 3 lying eye on. The recess 15 is wider of such a contour that the segmental pliers arch strip 11 also on both sides of the rotary plane of the Scissor joint is supported. It's literally pocketed. The whole is still occupied by broadside Wall sections of the pliers arm 4 and still by those of the gun arm 5, the for Push the pincer arm 4 serving the opening Reference number 16 carries.

As can be seen in Figure 2, the pawl 13 is on commercial end of the handle section 8 placed so that an operating section 17 accessible from the outside protrudes laterally. It is as it were a push button. It lies in the area of a trough 18. The latter lies on the outside of the handle section 8 and acts as a tactile destination for the Operation exercise. The whole thing is in the clamping handle area by hand, and so easily accessible.

The pawl 13 forms with the addition of the operating section 17 a double lever, pivoted about an axis 19 inside the hollow handle section 8. The axis 19 is behind on the gusset side a window 20 of said handle section 8. The latter is in the U-web of the cross section U-shaped, leaving a cavity 21 Handle section 8. The pawl 13 takes place on one lower window section their actuation end stop. The tilt angle of the pawl-like pawl 13 is matched to the tooth depth.

As can be seen, the pawl 13 is quasi double-tailed. The two tails 22 and 23 point in Towards the end of the handle and leave one between them Storage trough 24. This overlaps, as it were, forming a bearing eye more than half of the cylindrical wall physical axis 19. That establishes a Restraining. Other means of security can be dispensed with.

The tail 23 closer to the trade G comes an additional function too. This tail 23 the Pawl 13 is namely one of an arm 25 Spreading spring 26 loaded. The burden goes in the sense the ratchet engagement of the pawl 13 for toothing 12 out. The other arm 27 of the torsion spring realized spreading spring 26 loads the penetrating Forceps arm 4, more precisely its end area close to the trade the handle section 6.

The spreading spring 26 has a bias and thus acts on the clamping sections 7, 9 of the collet 1 a that the tong arms 4.5 in the spreading direction Clamping jaws 28 are loaded.

The tying of the spreading spring 26 is done using the turn cavity of the turn 29 of the torsion spring. The scissor pivot pin penetrates this cavity 2 of trade G.

Because of the spreading spring 26 with respect to the Zahnbogenleiste 11 is a mass, is the Toothed strip 11 to accommodate the winding 29 and of the arm extending in the direction of the pawl 13 25 slotted. The slot of the arch bar 11 carries that Reference number 30. Also with regard to the tail 23 a directionally subsequent slit as Position securing of the arm 25 realized.

The clamping jaws 28 are the clamping sections 7.9 assigned to be articulated. The corresponding geometric Axes extend parallel to the space Scissor joint pin 2. The ends of the can be seen Clamping sections 7.9 bearing eyes 31. In the are bearing axes 32 caught. The eyes are corresponding Finding slots upstream. About this can be Comfortably tie up the bearing axles 32 of the clamping jaws 28. The Storage pockets are designed so that access remains to attach a release tool so that the Clamping jaws 28 are interchangeable.

The function of the clamp 1 is as follows: starting of the stroke-limited shown in Figure 2 Basic expansion position of the tong arms 4.5 can be their Reduce mouth 10 while grasping an object. The happens by pressing against each other the handle sections 6 and 8 against the action of Spreading spring 26. The flat sides facing each other the jaws 28 can be on one example plate-shaped object around the bearing axes 32 swiveling, moving to a rich facility. thereupon the clamping pressure is exerted. The clamp 1 holds then attached itself to the object. The resilience remains due to an elastic deformation of the clamping sections 7.9 maintained.

As can be seen in FIG. 7, the clamping surfaces of the Clamping jaws 28 can also be profiled. Is shown a symmetrical square cross-sectional profile 33 in the form of proportionate V-channels, which are transverse to the swivel plane the forceps arms 4.5 are. In order to do that anyway ensure the necessary resilience of the tong arms 4.5, is their U-profile cross section through one of the U-base outgoing longitudinal web 34 reinforced.

If the clamping effect is to be removed, it is sufficient to grasped with 6 designated handle portion, d. H. in insert the hand cavity and with a finger this operating hand only the pawl 13 to press. It is freaked out. The clamp pliers 1 spring-loaded in its basic spread position according to Figure 2 back. The gripping force is greater than that necessary to release the pawl 13 Force.

The spreading spring 26 serves both as a return spring Clamping pliers 1 and for loading the pawl 13 in the direction of engagement.

Should the clamp 1 in a space-saving bearing relationship Packaging position are brought, only need the handle sections 8.9 against each other to be moved. The pawl 13 ratchets about the toothing 12 of the dental arch 11. It lies then a self-locking closed position in front the way described above by pressing the actuation button 17 can be canceled.

The actuating section 17 or him adjusting pawl 13 is suitably colored strikingly different.

The clamping or spreading pliers according to the second embodiment (Figures 9 ff.) Is except for a special one Design of the functional parts pawl / operating section 13/17 basically the same structure. The reference numerals are applied mutatis mutandis to Part without repeated text.

So here are pawl 13 and the operating section 17 no longer in one piece, but in two parts trained, this in articulation and displacement Assignment.

The operating section that functions as a swivel pushbutton 17 sits on the rotatable mounting of the Actuating section providing axis, further referred to as a journal 19 in the pliers arm 5. Also a pawl tail protruding from the pawl 13 35 is tied over the journal 19. said Pawl tail 35 has an opening in Form of a longitudinal slot 36. The latter enables a limited displacement of the pawl 13 relative for tapping. The longitudinal slot 36 extends in the direction essentially tangential but spaced apart to the dental arch 11 of the pliers arm 4.

A second bond closer to the pawl 13 the pawl tail 35 is in the form of an angular Given slot 37. This slot 37 is located between the longitudinal slot 36 and a neck 38 of the Pawl 13. The plate-shaped pawl tail 35 has the required width.

It is recognizable with respect to the angular one Slot 37 around a heart-shaped opening. She is rectangular and has a first slot section 37 'on. Roughly speaking, this is on the scissors-joint pin 2 aligned or runs in the tensioned position Clamping pliers 1 across a connecting line x-x between Tooth point 39 of the pawl 13 and the Bearing pin 19. Its pawl-side flank F is undercut-like. It is slightly below 90 ° Line x-x.

The second slot section 37 "extends in the said position in a substantially parallel to the called connecting line x-x extending direction.

As a tether to the actuating section 17 A release pin 40 is used here. It changes under Actuation of the locking device from the first slot section 37 'of the angular slot 37 in the second slot portion 37 "of the same.

The second slot section 37 "extends in the same direction to the longitudinal slot 36. Both are the same Length. The axial length of the release pin 40 corresponds essentially to the thickness of the likewise plate-shaped actuating section 17. For entry the ends of the release pin 40 have the operating section 17 each have a bearing eye 41. In the recording area of the pawl tail 35 is the operating section 17 provided with a receiving shaft 42 which the need for movement of the recorded in it Pawl tail 35 is dimensioned accordingly. The lockable head of the pawl 13 is outside of Outline of the operating section 17 or that of it provided guide pocket and is recognizable at the end widened.

As can be seen from the drawings, it is not only the one here Operating section 17 through the arm 25 of the spreading spring 26 acted towards a basic position, but also the nested body of the Pawl tail 35.

The flattened ends of the release pin 40 lead to the inside of the window 20 of the penetrated arm 5. The bearing eye for the Bearing pin 19 is designated 43. This bearing eye 43 of the actuating section 17 is aligned congruently a bore 44 in the grip section 8 of the penetrated Forceps arm 5 opposite.

Longitudinal slot 34 and angular slot 37 allow that pawl 13 and operating section 17 at swivel the first actuation in the tensioned position against each other and move. The pivoting happens priority. This actuation causes the distance between tooth engagement point 39 of pawl 13 and Toothing 12 and the bearing axis 19 by a first actuation of the operating section 17 shortened in this way is that the two clamping sections 7, 9 from the clamping position (see FIGS. 12 and 15) in a fan position (see FIGS. 13 and 17). there 17, the tooth engagement remains between the teeth 12 of the dental arch 11 and the Counter teeth 14 of the pawl 13 received. The the disengagement taking place is shortened by the the second slot section 37 ″ given clearance the support length between the forceps engagement point 39 and the said bearing pin 19. In the area of trade G there is a limited opening movement, which the jaws 28 lifts from a gripped object 45 (see Fig. 13). The whole is accordingly achieved through the slotted control of the ratchet unit, that is, via the one assigned to the actuating section 17, in the angular slot 37 of the pawl 13 engaging release pin 40. The is located in the position assigned to the clamping position in the essentially transverse to the connecting line x-x from the tooth engagement point 39 and trunnion 19 extending first Slot portion 37 'in locking engagement, supported through the flank F, and in the ventilation position assigned position in the substantially parallel to the connecting line x-x extending second slot section 37 ". This goes beyond that shown in Fig. 16 Intermediate position in which the flank support of the Slot section 37 'comes to an end. The release pin 40 walks over the crown zone into the other speak second slot section 37 "or the pawl tail 35 overflows this. This shift is happening non-pivoting with respect to the operating section 17 according to the directional course of Slot section 37 "and longitudinal slot 36. The slot longitudinal axes can even be aligned coaxially. In this binding position is now functional one-piece pawl 13/17 in the sense of the other Operation usable, i.e. it becomes the second operation of the actuating section 17 initiated, the locking tooth engagement 12/14 is canceled. The tool can be set to the maximum spread position Fig. 18 kick, forming a large pliers mouth 10 for Detecting the object 45.

As can be seen in FIG. 17, the meshing is limited there on the top end tooth and if necessary Partial engagement of the next tooth. This position can be easily released; because it is full Interlocking teeth a multiple hooking according to sawtooth-like structure. The restrictive Flanks of the teeth and tooth gaps provide before Always unlock a short, firm tension first. The lower end tooth of FIG. 17 can be seen Counter teeth 14 of the pawl and much of the next teeth already out of engagement with the Toothing 12.

All disclosed features of this application are essential to the invention. In the disclosure of the application will hereby also the disclosure content of the associated / attached Priority documents (copy of pre-registration) fully included, also for the purpose Features of these documents in claims of this Register now.

Claims (10)

Clamping or spreading pliers with two pliers arms (4, 5) connected to one another in the manner of a scissor joint, which form grip sections (6, 8) at one end and clamping sections (7, 9) movable towards or away from one another when the handle is actuated against a spring force, wherein the two pliers arms (4, 5) can be locked in different positions of the clamping sections (7, 9) in clamping positions, with a dental arch (11) assigned to a pliers arm (4), in the teeth (12) of which one of the grip sections of the other pliers arm (5 ) assigned pawl (13) engages, the clamping force in the clamping positions being maintained by an elastic deformation, characterized in that the pliers arms (4, 5) each consist of plastic, which is softer than the material of the dental arch strip (11) and in the area of the clamping sections (7, 9), in particular U-profiled, that according to an arrangement of the dental arch strip (11) in an exterior close to the trade parung (15), the clamping force is maintained by the elastic deformation of the clamping sections (7, 9). Clamping or spreading pliers according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the clamping sections (7, 9) form bearing eyes (31), which locating slots are arranged upstream, so that bearing axes (32) of a bearing pocket of a clamping jaw (28) can be inserted there. Clamping or spreading pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the segment-shaped pliers arch strip (11), which is pinned to the pliers arm (4) by means of the scissor joint pin (2), lies in a recess (15) near the scissor joint and, according to one of them Dental arch bar (11) is pocketed in the recess (15) on both sides of the contour supporting the rotary plane. Clamping or expanding pliers according to claim 2, characterized in that the clamping sections (7, 9) of the pliers arms (4, 5) carry clamping jaws (28) which can be tilted at the end. Clamping or spreading pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one plier arm (5) forms an opening (16) through which the other plier arm (4) is inserted. Clamping or spreading pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pawl (13) forms an actuating section (17) projecting into the handle section (8). Clamping or spreading pliers according to claim 6, characterized in that the pawl (13) and the actuating section (17) are formed in two parts. Clamping or expanding pliers according to claim 7, characterized in that the distance between the tooth engagement point (39) of the pawl (13) and the toothing (12) and the bearing pin (19) for the rotatable mounting of the actuating section (17) by a first actuation of the actuating section (17) is shortened in such a way that the two clamping sections (7, 9) are disengaged from the clamping position into a ventilation position, the tooth engagement (12/14) being retained, which is canceled when the actuating section (17) is actuated a second time. Clamping or spreading pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pawl (13) and the actuating section (17) pivot and move against one another during the first actuation, whereby Clamping or expanding pliers according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a release pin (40) assigned to the actuating section (17) and engaging in an angular slot (37) of the pawl (13), which in the position assigned to the clamping position in a substantially transverse manner engages with the first slot section (37 ') running to the connecting line (xx) of the tooth engagement point (39) and the bearing pin (19) and which release pin (40) in the position assigned to the ventilation position in a second slot section (37) running essentially parallel to the connecting line (xx) '') entry.

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