EP1235465B1 - Circuit de commande de LEDS pour automobile - Google Patents

Circuit de commande de LEDS pour automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1235465B1
EP1235465B1 EP02002848A EP02002848A EP1235465B1 EP 1235465 B1 EP1235465 B1 EP 1235465B1 EP 02002848 A EP02002848 A EP 02002848A EP 02002848 A EP02002848 A EP 02002848A EP 1235465 B1 EP1235465 B1 EP 1235465B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
driver circuit
resistor
consumer
transistor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02002848A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1235465A2 (fr
EP1235465A3 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Alfred Bode
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hella GmbH and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Hella KGaA Huek and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hella KGaA Huek and Co filed Critical Hella KGaA Huek and Co
Publication of EP1235465A2 publication Critical patent/EP1235465A2/fr
Publication of EP1235465A3 publication Critical patent/EP1235465A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1235465B1 publication Critical patent/EP1235465B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
    • H05B45/14—Controlling the intensity of the light using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a driver circuit for driving a consumer from a control unit, wherein the consumer remote from the control unit is operable only within a predetermined operating voltage interval.
  • the driver circuits mentioned above are preferably used in tail lights in the prior art, in which light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are used as electrical consumers.
  • LEDs light-emitting diodes
  • Light-emitting diodes have a current-voltage characteristic similar to Zener diodes. Up to a certain voltage no current flows and consequently there is no light emission. If this voltage is then exceeded, the current increases sharply and the LED starts to light up. In most cases, LEDs are powered by a pre-resistor, which determines the current through the LEDs for a given supply voltage.
  • the current through the LEDs is also constant.
  • the brightness of the LED light corresponds to the legal requirements.
  • the supply voltage varies between 9 and 16 volts and can - in exceptional cases where a motor vehicle of a external power supply is started (jump-start) - even reach 32 volts. Therefore, as long as only a series resistor is connected in front of the LEDs, such a circuit would result in unacceptable brightness fluctuations with such variations in the supply voltage. This can then easily cause the destruction of the LEDs result, which are operated for reasons of effectiveness at normal voltage of 12 volts already close to their load limit.
  • a protective circuit which is associated with the tail light and the supply voltage for all three functions tail light, brake light and flashing regulates, and controls for all functions to a constant current, which in the combination lamp for the tail and brake light on two different adjustable Levels is.
  • an LED failure detection circuit is provided in this protection circuit. From this circuit there is a connection to the vehicle interface, which has at least 5 separate lines. A to supply the supply voltage, a return line to signal a LED lights total failure, a Return line for signaling of individual failures of LEDs, an overvoltage protection line and at least one control line for controlling the constant current regulator.
  • this circuit ensures the reliability of the tail light, even if the on-board system fluctuation rises and falls in many areas, but it has the disadvantage that very many individual lines between a central control unit for the taillight and the protection circuit are necessary. Since the protection circuit disclosed therein must be arranged in the tail light itself or at least in the immediate vicinity thereof to reliably generate the LED failure signals, and since the control unit is often provided in motor vehicles only at a central location, for example in the engine compartment of the motor vehicle, inevitably result from the large number of required lines, the possibly necessary short-circuit fuses and by the large cable lengths inevitably high weight and high costs.
  • the path is also taken in the prior art to provide a driver at a central location for each luminaire, which driver is connected directly to the ever-present digital control unit, and which illuminates the individual luminaires, that is to say flashing light, closing light. and brake light supplied. This avoids unnecessarily many individual cables between the control unit and the individual lights.
  • central driver circuits are adapted only to the extent of the above-described problem, as that they Logically guide the driver signal, but not current or voltage-limited.
  • a driver circuit for driving a load in particular for driving LED lights, is disclosed by a control unit, in which the load is operable remotely from the driver circuit and control unit only within a predetermined operating voltage interval.
  • the invention is now characterized in that the driver circuit itself has a controllable current source for maintaining a safe operating state of the consumer, a control element driving the current source having a first input from a predetermined reference voltage (VCC) and a second input for supplying the control voltage to the consumer ,
  • VCC predetermined reference voltage
  • a far away from the driver and control unit arranged LED light generally a certain consumer to drive from a distance from a single cable, with various different operating modes are providable and the Operating voltage in an allowable voltage band for the consumer can be displayed.
  • the core feature described above can also be used to realize a driver for an LED flashing light in the motor vehicle.
  • the inventive concept is useful in order to also lead timed current signals via the above-mentioned, single connection line between driver and light.
  • an evaluation of a measured variable for determining the LED operability status can be carried out in a further advantageous form without a separate resistor installed parallel to the load, in particular to the luminaire, by using an ohmic which operates in series with the load between the positive supply voltage Test resistor is provided whose voltage drop between a higher voltage value and a lower voltage value for the purpose of detection the operability of the consumer of an evaluation circuit is supplied remotely from the consumer.
  • the driver circuit according to the invention is provided so that a driver drives an LED light assembly. It is provided in a preferred manner, a single connection line between the driver and the lamp, which is also evaluated simultaneously for status monitoring of the consumer.
  • the evaluation circuit preferably includes a rail-to-rail differential amplifier to boost the test voltage drop.
  • the differential amplifier generates a voltage proportional to its input voltage difference at the emitter resistor of a Umfactransistors, wherein also in the sense resistor at the collector of the Umfactransistors a the input voltage difference proportional current is impressed, so that a voltage can be tapped as a sense voltage, the voltage drop is proportional to the test resistor, it is ensured for a safe and cost-effective implementation of the measuring principle.
  • the supply voltage of the differential amplifier can be switched on and off via a switching element, in particular a transistor, then the quiescent current of the overall circuit can advantageously be kept very low become.
  • a first resistor of predetermined size is connected, and a second resistor of predetermined size between the first and a third resistor of predetermined size is connected, wherein the third resistor is at supply potential, then the inventive circuit inexpensive and reliable to produce.
  • driver circuit is designed as an integrated circuit (IC) up to the power components, further costs can be saved, since the circuit is extremely universally applicable and therefore can be advantageously used in large quantities in the mass market of automotive LED tail lights.
  • IC integrated circuit
  • Fig. 1 shows the application of a driver circuit according to the invention for a LED tail light in the automotive field.
  • the right part of the drawing is visibly divided into two areas: the left area is the actual driver circuit, while the right area represents the actual LED lighting arrangement. Both areas are separated by a dashed line 10.
  • the LED light assembly which is provided as a whole with reference numeral 8, is connected to the driver circuit according to the invention advantageously only by a single supply cable 12.
  • the driver circuit itself is present in a processor-operated control unit and has for this purpose the five connection lines 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22.
  • the supply line of the driver circuit 24 comes out of the output 24 of the driver circuit and is connected to a line connector 26 having a considerable length going supply line 12 to the LED light assembly 8 is connected.
  • Line 14 is a control line, via which the switching on and off of the so-called open-load test can be controlled. This will be explained in more detail below.
  • Line 16 is the battery voltage supply line.
  • Line 18 is a control line which is assigned a reference voltage VCC of +5 volts.
  • Line 20 can be used to turn on and off the entire driver circuit, and for a pulse width modulation drive up to the kilohertz range.
  • Line 22 is a status line, via the current level of the state of the supply voltage and various short-circuit situations can be queried, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • Transistor T1 is a power transistor that represents the driver's power current path as a controllable current source. On the emitter side, it is connected to the supply voltage via a series resistor R1, which is in the operating state can fluctuate between 9 and 32 volts. However, the operating voltage will fluctuate only between 9 and 16 volts in a regular manner.
  • the collector of T1 is connected to the output of the driver and the supply line for the LED lamp 8.
  • the base of the transistor T2 is connected to a reference voltage of 5 volts, whereas the base of the transistor T3 is connected to ground via a zener diode.
  • the collector of transistor T2 is connected via a series resistor R3 to the base of the power transistor T1.
  • the two emitters of T2 and T3 are connected to each other and form between them a node to which, when switched on, a relatively low potential is applied, the magnitude of which is essentially determined by the size of the resistor R4.
  • R4 is directly connected to ground via the emitter-collector path of transistor T4.
  • the voltage regulator constructed with the transistors T1, T2 and T3 limits the output voltage in the direction of the LED luminaire arrangement as a function of the voltage VCC present in the control unit.
  • the transistors T2 and T3 constitute a differential amplifier which compares the reference voltage VCC with the output voltage of the transistor T1 divided by the resistors R5 and R6 + R7 and prevents the driving of the transistor T1 through the transistor T2 by the transistor T2 connected in parallel with the transistor T2 T3 takes over the current and thus the transistor T2 blocks.
  • a current limiting is additionally installed, which limits a possibly occurring short-circuit current and thus the transistor T1 protects.
  • LED luminaire arrangement 8 For reasons of clarity, only 3 LEDs are shown in the LED luminaire arrangement 8, which are protected by a series resistor and a blocking diode. Furthermore, an ohmic resistor is parallel to the LEDs. This serves as a measuring resistor, which will be discussed below.
  • a short to positive can be detected by a positive signal on the status line for an operating state by the transistor switch T4 is not driven, that is, in the off state of the driver.
  • the short-circuit situation after plus can be recognized by a positive level on the status line, which is just below the reference voltage, in the example just below 5 volts, see also the left-hand area of FIG. 1, bottom line.
  • a short to minus can be detected by a very low level near zero on the status line, in an operating state in which the switch is 'on', so transistor T4 has switched to continuity.
  • the regular, error-free operating state can be recognized by the left pulse at a level of 5 volts.
  • a so-called open-load test circuit is shown in an advantageous manner in the upper region of the figure of FIG. 1, which essentially by a switchable constant current source of the transistors T5 and T6, the diodes D4, D5 and the resistors R8, R9 and R10, as well as the resistors R5, R6 and R7 is formed on the status line.
  • the task of the constant current source when switched by switching on the test line 14 via the transistor switch T6 and the resistor R10 to passage to bring a measuring current small size in the off state of the main switch T4 to the LED light 8, the LEDs still does not bring to glow, but at the parallel to the LEDs 31 connected to ohmic resistance 34 causes so significant a voltage drop that it can be detected and evaluated on the status line 22. In the open-load failure situation, power can no longer flow through the LEDs. As a direct result, a significantly lower current flows through the supply line 12 and the resistor 34, whereby the potential at the output of the transistor T1 is raised.
  • the error pulse of the open-load failure situation results near the reference voltage of 5 volts, as shown in the second line in the left-hand portion of FIG.
  • the test signal at the test input 14 is a simple square wave signal between 0 volts and 5 volts.
  • resistor R8 together with the Diodenpärchen D4, D5 has the task of the measuring transistor T5 to protect against excessive currents, in analog form, as has already been described for the power transistor T1 above.
  • the illustrated and described driver circuit can be advantageously combined with a controller by using a fixed voltage regulator with 2% accuracy, so that the above-mentioned 12 volt limitation with an accuracy of about 5% is sufficiently accurate in practice.
  • the output transistor T1 is formed should be that it short-circuited for about 100 milliseconds, so that time enough for the processor of the controller remains to turn it off in time.
  • FIG. 2 A further advantageous embodiment of an embodiment of the driver circuit according to the invention is shown in Fig. 2 in a schematic circuit diagram.
  • the driver circuit shown there has the advantage that the current can be measured by the LED light assembly 8 without the parallel resistor 34 shown in Fig. 1 in the on state.
  • FIG. 2 essentially corresponds to the lower right-hand part of FIG. 1, in particular with regard to the power transistor T1, which is also current-limited and also forms a voltage regulator with T2 and T3. In that regard, reference is made to the preceding description.
  • a voltage drop at the shunt resistor upstream of the power transistor T1 which serves to limit the current of the driver circuit, is evaluated in order to be able to measure and evaluate the current through the lamp in the switched-on state.
  • the invention proposes to use a rail-to-rail input operational amplifier 60, which ensures via a downstream transistor 70 that the voltage measured at the shunt resistor R1 likewise adjusts itself to the emitter resistor 72 of the downstream transistor 70.
  • the resulting current is composed of the current through the collector-emitter junction of transistor 70 plus the current through the base-emitter junction. Since the latter is less than 1% of the collector current, this proportion is negligible.
  • the collector current of the measuring circuit on the left edge of Fig. 2 is proportional to the output current of the driver. Therefore, the collector current at collector resistor 74 produces a sense voltage, which, in turn, is proportional to the output current of the LED driver and can be measured via an analog input of the controller processor (not shown).
  • the rail-to-rail input operational amplifier is designed for supply voltages up to approximately 16 volts, but has a low power consumption.
  • a corresponding zener diode 64 is connected in parallel with it. Its power supply is passed through a resistor 66. To the quiescent current of To keep circuit low, this circuit part by a transistor 62 on and off (see above).
  • the driver circuit shown allows the current measurement from a few milliamps to the current limit of the driver itself.
  • levels for open-load and overload during manufacture or later for a given replacement of a lamp with possibly different operating parameters in a motor vehicle repair shop stored in the memory of the controller processor become.
  • the circuit shown is thus largely universal. Only the output voltage and the current limit are specified as basic data, but with 500 mA all previous LED luminaires are sufficient.
  • the concept is open to future LED lighting arrangements, which consume less power with the same light emission. This is also illustrated by FIG.
  • Fig. 3 shows a sense voltage characteristic as a function of the output current, with high linearity.
  • a sense voltage is proportional to the current.
  • the inventive design of the driver circuit with open-load detection in the on state and without a resistor connected in parallel to the load allows a current measurement of a few milliamperes to the current limit of the driver itself.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Circuit excitateur pour exciter un consommateur (8, 31), en particulier des diodes lumineuses, à partir d'un calculateur, le consommateur ne pouvant être exploité que dans un intervalle de tension de service prédéfini lorsqu'il se trouve à distance du circuit excitateur et du calculateur, le circuit excitateur proprement dit présentant - aux fins d'un câblage de protection destiné au maintien d'un état de service sûr du consommateur - une source de courant réglable (T1), un élément de régulation (T2, T3) pilotant la source de courant et doté d'une première entrée (18) d'une tension de référence (VCC) prédéfinie et une deuxième entrée (19) pour l'amenée de la tension de réglage pour le consommateur (8, 31), où une résistance d'essai ohmique (R1) est connectée en ligne avec la tension d'alimentation positive et le consommateur (8, 31), dont la chute de tension est transférée à un circuit d'interprétation éloigné du consommateur (30) en vue de déterminer l'état d'exploitation du consommateur (30), caractérisé en ce que le circuit d'interprétation contient un amplificateur différenciateur rail à rail (70).
  2. Circuit excitateur selon la revendication 1, avec uniquement une seule ligne de connexion entre l'excitateur et la lampe, le signal présent sur la ligne de connexion étant exploité pour surveiller l'état du consommateur.
  3. Circuit excitateur selon la revendication 1, l'élément de régulation (T2, T3) délivrant un courant de commande pour la source de courant (T1) qui fait baisser la tension de réglage lorsque celle-ci est trop élevée pour le consommateur du fait de la résistance trop faible de la source de courant, et qui fait monter la tension de réglage lorsque celle-ci est trop faible du fait de la résistance trop élevée de la source de courant.
  4. Circuit excitateur selon la revendication 1, la source de courant comprenant un transistor de puissance (T1) comme source de courant pour le consommateur, à la sortie duquel la tension d'alimentation du consommateur est présente, et l'élément de régulation étant un amplificateur différenciateur (T2, T3, R5, R6, R7) dont une entrée est reliée à une tension de référence et l'autre entrée est reliée à la tension de réglage.
  5. Circuit excitateur selon la revendication 1, la tension de référence étant amenée à la base d'un premier transistor (T2) et la tension de réglage étant amenée à la base d'un deuxième transistor (T3) de l'amplificateur différenciateur.
  6. Circuit excitateur selon la revendication 1, une résistance série (R1) étant montée en amont du transistor de puissance (T1) et une pluralité de diodes montées en série, de préférence deux diodes (D1, D2), étant disposée parallèlement au transistor de puissance.
  7. Circuit excitateur selon la revendication 1, un circuit d'acheminement des signaux (20) reliant au moins un des deux transistors (T2, T3) à un élément de commutation (T4) par une résistance (R4) de taille prédéfinie avec potentiel de masse, lequel élément de commutation peut de cette façon être mis en position ouverte en cas d'excitation à la base.
  8. Circuit excitateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, aménagé pour que l'amplificateur différenciateur (70) génère une tension proportionnelle à sa différence de tension d'entrée sur une résistance d'émetteur (72) d'un transistor de transfert (70), un courant proportionnel à la différence de tension d'entrée pouvant être appliqué dans un capteur résistif (74) au niveau du collecteur du transistor de transfert, si bien qu'il est possible de prélever une tension faisant office de détection de tension qui est proportionnelle à la chute de tension à la résistance d'essai.
  9. Circuit excitateur selon la revendication 8, une diode Zéner (74) étant montée en parallèle à l'amplificateur différenciateur (70) aux fins de protection.
  10. Circuit excitateur selon la revendication 9, la tension d'alimentation de l'amplificateur différenciateur (70) pouvant être activée et désactivée par un élément de commutation (T20).
  11. Circuit excitateur selon la revendication 10, une première résistance (R8) de taille prédéfinie étant montée entre le potentiel d'alimentation (9..16V) et la première entrée de l'amplificateur différenciateur (70), et une deuxième résistance (R9) de taille prédéfinie étant montée entre la première et la troisième résistance (72), la troisième résistance (72) étant située sur la potentiel d'alimentation.
  12. Circuit excitateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dont les éléments jusqu'aux composants de puissance (T1, R1) sont réalisés sous forme de circuit intégré (IC).
EP02002848A 2001-02-21 2002-02-08 Circuit de commande de LEDS pour automobile Expired - Lifetime EP1235465B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10108132 2001-02-21
DE10108132A DE10108132A1 (de) 2001-02-21 2001-02-21 Treiber für LED-Leuchten im Kfz

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1235465A2 EP1235465A2 (fr) 2002-08-28
EP1235465A3 EP1235465A3 (fr) 2005-01-12
EP1235465B1 true EP1235465B1 (fr) 2007-05-23

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02002848A Expired - Lifetime EP1235465B1 (fr) 2001-02-21 2002-02-08 Circuit de commande de LEDS pour automobile

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1235465B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10108132A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10336973B4 (de) * 2003-08-12 2016-12-29 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Leuchtdiode
WO2006019897A2 (fr) * 2004-08-04 2006-02-23 Ng James K Systeme d'eclairage par del
JP2007200610A (ja) 2006-01-24 2007-08-09 Koito Mfg Co Ltd 車両用灯具の点灯制御装置
DE102007009104B4 (de) 2007-02-24 2011-04-14 Lear Corporation Gmbh Steuerschaltung zum getakteten Ansteuern mindestens einer Leuchtdiode
AT511094B1 (de) * 2011-03-25 2012-09-15 Thales Austria Gmbh Anordnung zur zustandsüberwachung eines leuchtmittels
DE102011050908A1 (de) * 2011-06-08 2012-12-13 Dietmar Müller Leuchtdiodenlampe und Schaltung zur Steuerung einer Lichtquelle
DE102015219901B4 (de) * 2015-10-14 2019-09-05 Continental Automotive Gmbh Diagnosevorrichtung und Verfahren zum Detektieren eines Defekts von zumindest einer aus mehreren Leuchtdioden

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19734750C2 (de) * 1997-08-12 2003-04-30 Reitter & Schefenacker Gmbh Heckleuchte von Kraftfahrzeugen
DE19846753A1 (de) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben eines Leuchtzeichens
DE19852351A1 (de) * 1998-11-13 2000-05-18 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Diagnosesystem für eine LED-Leuchte in einem Kraftfahrzeug
DE19905709A1 (de) * 1999-02-11 2000-08-31 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Erkennen eines Lampenausfalls und Lampenausfalldetektionsvorrichtung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1235465A2 (fr) 2002-08-28
DE10108132A1 (de) 2002-08-29
DE50210182D1 (de) 2007-07-05
EP1235465A3 (fr) 2005-01-12

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