EP1234618A1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von mit von dem Boden geernteten Früchten vermischten Fremdkörpern - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von mit von dem Boden geernteten Früchten vermischten Fremdkörpern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1234618A1
EP1234618A1 EP01430008A EP01430008A EP1234618A1 EP 1234618 A1 EP1234618 A1 EP 1234618A1 EP 01430008 A EP01430008 A EP 01430008A EP 01430008 A EP01430008 A EP 01430008A EP 1234618 A1 EP1234618 A1 EP 1234618A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fruits
foreign bodies
conveyor
dimensions
bucket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01430008A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1234618B1 (de
Inventor
Bertrand Bouyou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pellenc Iberica SL
Original Assignee
Pellenc Iberica SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pellenc Iberica SL filed Critical Pellenc Iberica SL
Priority to AT01430008T priority Critical patent/ATE270927T1/de
Priority to DE60104278T priority patent/DE60104278D1/de
Priority to ES01430008T priority patent/ES2223756T3/es
Priority to EP01430008A priority patent/EP1234618B1/de
Publication of EP1234618A1 publication Critical patent/EP1234618A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1234618B1 publication Critical patent/EP1234618B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/10—Screens in the form of endless moving bands

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device and a method for separating the fruits harvested from the ground (such as, for example, olives, chestnuts, nuts, hazelnuts, almonds, pistachios, etc.) foreign bodies picked up with these: soil, stones, leaves, branches, twigs and others.
  • fruits harvested from the ground such as, for example, olives, chestnuts, nuts, hazelnuts, almonds, pistachios, etc.
  • Fruit harvesting on the ground is generally carried out by rotary brooms which equip the heads of harvesting machines. These sweepers pick up systematically all objects or bodies spilled on the ground up to the layer hard of it.
  • Inclined vibrating screens are mounted one after the other. Fruits loaded with foreign bodies arrive on the first screen that will separate the fruits of smaller objects, soil and leaves, which will cross the meshes screen, while the fruits and larger objects, stones and twigs, go stay on the grid and be brought to the second screen placed after the first.
  • This second screen is provided with a mesh grid of dimensions adapted to the size of the fruit. Only fruits and foreign bodies of dimensions equal to the fruit will cross this grid. Fruits and bodies remaining foreigners will then be collected and separated by flotation as explained previously.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy this drawback and to provide a double sorting device easily embeddable on harvesting machines or on a mobile carrier, although the use in station of such a device is always possible.
  • the method of the invention successively, during a same fall of the products to be sorted and by means of at least one endless conveyor openwork, a first screening of the harvested products which retains foreign bodies larger than the size of the largest fruits of the harvested species and which allows fruit and foreign bodies of equal dimensions to pass through or less than the size of these larger fruits, then a second screening which retains the fruit and which allows the passage of bodies of dimensions smaller than the size of the smallest fruits of the said species.
  • the device according to the invention comprises first screening means having openings or meshes sized to retain the bodies strangers larger than the size of the largest fruits of the harvested species and allow fruit and foreign bodies of dimensions to pass equal to or less than the size of these larger fruits, and second screening means arranged below said first screening means and having openings or meshes sized to retain the fruit and allow foreign bodies of dimensions smaller than the size of the smaller fruits of said species, said first and second means of screening being carried out in the form of at least one openwork endless conveyor which also provides transportation for sorted fruit.
  • This process and this machine allow the extraction of all the bodies foreigners with dimensions larger than the largest fruits and lower than smaller fruits.
  • the double sorting of harvested products carried out during the same drop of said products provides the additional advantage of avoiding rework which cause fruit injury.
  • the double sorting is carried out at by means of an openwork endless conveyor whose conveyor belt is configured so that its upper active strand has two superimposed screens or a first upper screen with dimensioned openings or meshes to retain foreign bodies larger than the size of the biggest fruits of the harvested hope and to let pass the fruits and the bodies aliens of dimensions equal to or less than the dimensions of these larger fruit and a second lower screen with openings or meshes sized to retain fruit and allow foreign bodies to pass through dimensions smaller than the smallest fruits, this sorting transporter ensuring also transporting the fruit to a collection device and, on the other part, transport and ejection of foreign bodies whose caliber is greater than size of the largest fruits and separated from them.
  • the transporter endless openwork consists of a succession of openwork buckets assembled side by side, so as to produce a bucket conveyor.
  • each bucket of the bucket conveyor is consisting of a volume defining a cage which is delimited, in its part top on which the crop to be sorted arrives, by a grid with openings or meshes allowing fruit and foreign bodies to pass through dimensions equal to or less than the size of the largest fruits and, in its lower part, by a grid whose holes are slightly dimensioned smaller than the size of the smallest fruits.
  • the front face of the buckets in considering the direction of advancement of these, is constituted by a smooth plate along its entire length, so that the fruit rolls easily over it to be emptied when said buckets tip or, when passing a drum, the centrifugal force will be sufficient.
  • the upper grid of the buckets is mounted with swivel ability, to facilitate the evacuation of fruit when the buckets tip over when the conveyor tip ends unending.
  • the articulation of the grid upper is carried out on the bucket which precedes the bucket covered by it, of so as to allow a "scales" type assembly facilitating the evacuation of the bodies bulky foreigners in the ascending part of the conveyor.
  • a floating ramp is arranged in a rising part of the bucket conveyor, this floating ramp fulfilling two functions: - on the one hand, it facilitates the training of bodies aliens who are sandwiched between the conveyor buckets and said floating ramp, uphill and, on the other hand, it provides a slide effect to deflect outwardly the foreign bodies that fall, in the climb of the conveyor, at the exit of the ramp.
  • the sorting device comprises two endless belt conveyors, one external conveyor having openings or meshes sized to retain the bodies strangers larger than the size of the largest fruits of the harvested species and allow fruit and foreign bodies of dimensions to pass equal to or less than the dimensions of these larger fruits, and a transporter internal housed in said external conveyor and having openings or mesh sized to retain fruit and allow foreign bodies to pass through of dimensions smaller than the smallest fruits of said species, a space delimited by the external conveyor separating the discharge ends said endless conveyors, so as to allow the unloading of the fruit sorted.
  • a first screening of the harvested products so as to retain the bodies strangers larger than the size of the largest fruits of the harvested species and to allow only the fruits and foreign bodies of dimensions equal to or less than the dimensions of these larger fruits, then a second screening which retains the fruit and lets the foreign bodies of dimensions smaller than the smallest fruits of said species.
  • the device according to the invention is remarkable in that it comprises first screening means having openings or meshes dimensioned to retain foreign bodies of dimensions greater than the size of the largest fruits of the harvested species and let the fruits and foreign bodies of dimensions equal to or less than the size of these plus large fruits, and second screening means having openings or mesh sized to retain fruit and allow foreign bodies to pass through of dimensions smaller than the size of the smallest fruits of the said species, said first and second screening means being made in the form at least one openwork endless conveyor which also transports the fruits.
  • Perforated openwork conveyor means any conveyor configured as an endless belt or belt with openings or meshes sized according to the size of the fruit of the species to be sorted, so that allow screening of the products spilled on said endless belt or belt.
  • the device extraction of foreign bodies consists of an openwork endless conveyor whose conveyor belt 1 is configured so that its upper active strand 1A presents two superimposed screening systems, i.e. a first screening system upper screening with openings or meshes sized to pass only fruit and foreign bodies of equal dimensions or smaller than the size of the largest fruits and a second system of lower screening with openings or meshes sized for only allow foreign bodies of dimensions smaller than the size of the smallest fruits.
  • this perforated sorting conveyor is constituted by a bucket conveyor comprising a succession of skeleton buckets assembled side by side.
  • Each bucket 2 of this sorting conveyor consists of a volume defining a cage which is delimited, in its upper part on which arrives the crop to be sorted, by a grid 3 having openings or meshes 4 allowing only the fruits F and the foreign bodies of dimensions to pass equal to or less than the size of the largest fruits and, in its part lower, by a grid 5 whose holes or meshes 6 are of dimensions slightly smaller than the size of the smallest fruits.
  • the bucket conveyor thus produced comprises a loading section 1C arranged horizontally or substantially horizontally and a section of 1D transport rising towards the discharge end 1E of said carrier.
  • the buckets are made of steel grids, advantageously stainless. Their sides 7 on which are fixed, for example by welding, the bars of the lower grid 5 can be made of sheet metal.
  • the cleaning efficiency of bodies smaller than the products to be sorted depends on the ratio between the surfaces full and the empty surfaces of the lower grid 5, that is to say that this grid must be made of the thinnest possible and most spaced bars possible, of course compatible with the size of the product to be sorted which must not not pass through said grid.
  • the upper part of the bucket through which come and go the products to be sorted must consist of the smallest possible grid, so to limit as much as possible the entry into the bucket of bodies larger than the products sorting.
  • the upper grid 3 of the buckets 2 is mounted with the ability to pivot around a horizontal or approximately horizontal axis, so to be able to occupy two positions, either: - a first position closed when the buckets are in the reception area 1C of the crop to be sorted and during their ascending path to the discharge end 1E, and, - a position open during their passage on said discharge end and during their return journey.
  • the opening of the upper grid 3 of the buckets is obtained by the effect of the centrifugal force at the entry of the curve of the unloading zone 1E and this gate closes at the entrance to the reception area 1C, also by gravity or using a roller or pad fixedly installed on the frame supporting the carpet transporter sorter.
  • the upper grid 3 of each bucket 2 is attached, by means of a joint 8, to the upper part of the bucket 2 which precedes the bucket covered by said grid.
  • This characteristic arrangement which allows a mounting type scales facilitating the evacuation of bulky bodies in the ascending part of the conveyor, is visible in Figure 6 where we see the grid 3a fixed, by means of the articulation 8a, to the bucket 2a which precedes the bucket 2b covered by said grid.
  • the front face of the buckets is constituted by a smooth plate 13 extending over the entire length said buckets and whose function is to facilitate the unloading of fruit when the bucket tilts.
  • the sorting conveyor belt produced in the manner just described indicated is fixed on a carpet with bars 9 consisting of a succession of spaced bars 9a fixed, via their ends, to a pair 9b belts or chains.
  • the pitch of the bars corresponds to the width of the buckets 2 which are fixed individually to said bars, preferably by means of one or more removable flanges 10.
  • the movement of the sorting conveyor thus produced is controlled, from in a manner known per se, by one of its axes or motor shaft 11 which can be driven by a hydraulic motor (not shown) or otherwise.
  • the sorting conveyor according to the invention is provided with means making it possible to subject the conveyor belt to vibrations in the loading and screening zone 1C.
  • vibrations can be generated by the meeting of the bars transverse 9a of the drive belt 9 with rollers 12 free in rotation and supported by the chassis of the sorting conveyor.
  • Fruits F and C1 foreign bodies of equal or smaller dimensions at the size of said fruits pass through the upper grid 3 of the cups which retain on the other hand stones or other foreign bodies C2 of dimensions greater than the size of the fruit. As they continue to fall, the fruits fall into the buckets and are retained by the lower grid 5 of these which leaves pass foreign bodies of dimensions equal to or less than the size of the fruits. After this double screening operated in the same fall, only remain in cups, fruit and foreign bodies of a size equal to that of said fruit and whose percentage compared to that of said fruits is low.
  • the remaining fruits and foreign bodies are transported towards the unloading end 1E of the sorting conveyor which pours them into a bucket 14 or similar container, as a result of which said foreign bodies remaining are removed by a conventional method, for example, using a floatation separator.
  • This function is fulfilled by an ejection slide 15 resting on the buckets 2, in the ascending portion 1D of the sorting conveyor 1.
  • This slide 15 consists of a plate of width substantially equal to the width of the bucket conveyor and it is fixed, via its upper end and by means of joints 16 with a horizontal axis, at the end of a pair of symmetrical connecting rods 18 themselves fixed, via their end lower, and by means of articulations with horizontal axis 19, to the chassis 22 of the conveyor.
  • the slide 15 rests, by gravity effect, on the upper grid 3 buckets 2. It is thus mounted floating on an ascending portion of the belt transporter sorter. It has a lower end or front end 15a curled up.
  • the action of the ejection slide 15 can be supplemented by that of a release means covering the entire width of the bucket conveyor and making it possible to stop, detach buckets, and return to said slide, foreign bodies which have remained on said buckets after having exceeded the slide (mainly twigs or small branches that remain hung on the pan racks).
  • This detachment means can advantageously consist of a cylindrical rotary brush 17 with horizontal axis perpendicular to the direction of the conveyor, installed above and near the upper end of the toboggan.
  • the device of the invention can also advantageously include a branch drive system and / or a device to assist with stone training, extracted from products spilled in the area of reception of the conveyor-sorter.
  • the device for driving the branches ( Figures 8 and 9) is, according to the embodiment illustrated by way of advantageous example only, constituted by at least one special bucket or basket 2A mounted in place of a standard basket 2 of the bucket conveyor.
  • This special 2A basket has a grid or comb pivoting upper 20 subject to means controlling its tilting, so that said drive grid 20 is open and oriented perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the external surface of the sorting conveyor belt in the loading area 1C, and closed and oriented parallel or substantially to said external surface on the rest of the route from said sorting conveyor belt to the entrance to the loading area.
  • This training grid extends over the entire width of the conveyor belt sorter 1, and basket 2A has no capacity for loading fruit.
  • This basket is also topped with a fixed grid 23.
  • the drive grid 20 retracts (traced in lines interrupted in Figure 9) and the branches are entrained by the stones on said slide and ejected from the sorting conveyor belt.
  • FIG. 9 An example of the means to ensure the lifting of the grid drive 20 in a prominent position in the loading area 1C and its retraction out of said zone, is illustrated in FIG. 9.
  • the assistance device for driving stones ( Figures 10 and 11) is, according to the embodiment illustrated as an advantageous example, also consisting of at least one special 2B basket mounted in place of a basket standard 2 of the bucket conveyor.
  • This 2B basket does not have a grid pivoting upper, but a grid or fixed comb 21 arranged so prominent in relation to the external surface of the sorting conveyor belt.
  • This fixed grid has a tilted back position relative to the path of the mat endless and it also extends over the entire width of the sorting conveyor belt 1, and the basket 2B has no capacity for loading fruit.
  • This special basket is, moreover, surmounted by a fixed grid 24. It is understood that the grid or comb 21 allows you to train stones, wood, branches, etc. which are retained on the sorting conveyor belt, especially in the ascending zone of this one.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates another embodiment of the device for extracting foreign bodies mixed with fruits harvested from the ground.
  • the device consists of two carriers endless openwork, an external conveyor 31 and an internal conveyor 32 housed in the space delimited by said external transporter, so that said carriers have overlapping sections 31A and 32A, respectively, in the zone Z for the dumping of products P collected on the ground.
  • the endless belt constituting the external conveyor 31 constitutes a first screening means and it has openings or meshes 31a dimensioned to retain foreign bodies C2 of dimensions greater than the size of the larger fruits of the harvested species and let the fruits and bodies pass aliens of dimensions equal to or less than the size of these larger fruit, while the endless belt of the internal conveyor 32 constitutes a second screening means having openings or meshes 32a sized for retain the fruits F and allow the passage of foreign bodies of smaller dimensions the size of the smallest fruits of said species.
  • the external belt 31 can be made up of bars spaced 25 mm apart, while that the internal belt is made up of bars spaced 9 mm apart.
  • the endless belts 31 and 32 are preferably subjected to means known per se allowing them to transmit vibrations.
  • the two strands of the endless openwork belts 31 and 32 and in particular the strand higher of these have parallel, horizontal or substantially horizontal, said belts 31 and 32 circulating in the same direction, according to arrows in Figure 12, their drive being assured of in a manner known per se, by a motorization (not shown) coupled to their drum motors 33 and 34, respectively.
  • the unloading end 32B of the internal endless belt 32 is located at distance from the discharge end 31B of the external endless belt 32, so that a space E is provided between said ends, this space allowing unloading of sorted fruit F, which are, for example, received in a bucket 14 or other container.
  • Products collected from the ground are dumped into the loading area of the device.
  • Fruits F and C1 foreign bodies of equal or smaller dimensions at the size of said fruits fall on the loading section 31A of the mat external perforated conveyor 31 and pass through the grid formed by it, which retains, on the other hand, stones or other foreign bodies C2 of dimensions larger than the size of the largest fruits of the harvested species.
  • the fruit falls on the underlying section 32A of the internal perforated conveyor belt 32 and are retained by it which allows foreign bodies C1 to pass through which are smaller than the size of the smaller fruits of the said species, these small foreign bodies falling on the ground or in a container, after crossing the strands lower endless openwork belts 31 and 32.
  • the fruits F retained by the internal perforated endless conveyor 32 are routed to the unloading end 32B of the latter which the pours through an underlying section of the lower strand of the conveyor without end openwork 31, in a bucket 14 or other similar container.

Landscapes

  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Root Crops (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
EP01430008A 2001-02-22 2001-02-22 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von mit von dem Boden geernteten Früchten vermischten Fremdkörpern Expired - Lifetime EP1234618B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT01430008T ATE270927T1 (de) 2001-02-22 2001-02-22 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum entfernen von mit von dem boden geernteten früchten vermischten fremdkörpern
DE60104278T DE60104278D1 (de) 2001-02-22 2001-02-22 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von mit von dem Boden geernteten Früchten vermischten Fremdkörpern
ES01430008T ES2223756T3 (es) 2001-02-22 2001-02-22 Dispositivo y procedimiento para extraer cuerpos extraños mezclados con frutos cosechados en el suelo.
EP01430008A EP1234618B1 (de) 2001-02-22 2001-02-22 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von mit von dem Boden geernteten Früchten vermischten Fremdkörpern

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01430008A EP1234618B1 (de) 2001-02-22 2001-02-22 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von mit von dem Boden geernteten Früchten vermischten Fremdkörpern

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1234618A1 true EP1234618A1 (de) 2002-08-28
EP1234618B1 EP1234618B1 (de) 2004-07-14

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EP01430008A Expired - Lifetime EP1234618B1 (de) 2001-02-22 2001-02-22 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von mit von dem Boden geernteten Früchten vermischten Fremdkörpern

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1234618B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE270927T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60104278D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2223756T3 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109174604A (zh) * 2018-11-26 2019-01-11 何翔 一种水果筛分机
CN110063116A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2019-07-30 黄中山 油莎豆收获机
CN114192406A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-03-18 苏州市职业大学 一种可调节分拣大小的水果分拣装置及其分拣方法
CN115245906A (zh) * 2021-12-20 2022-10-28 浙江理工大学 一种智能水果大小筛选分装系统及筛选分装方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA3104886A1 (en) 2018-06-29 2020-01-02 Malcolm VILLIS Docking station with retractable guide apparatus for ummanned aerial vehicle
EP3957158B1 (de) * 2020-08-18 2023-09-27 Wolf Anlagen-Technik GmbH & Co. KG Klappband

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2116006A (en) * 1936-06-17 1938-05-03 Thys Edouard Hop and stem separator
FR1290889A (fr) * 1961-03-04 1962-04-20 Corbeil Const Mec Tablier transporteur pour machines agricoles
EP0265669A2 (de) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-04 Maschinenfabrik Bezner GmbH & Co. KG Sortiermaschine
US4846282A (en) * 1984-11-23 1989-07-11 Danieli & C. Officine Mecchaniche Spa Machine to restore railway road beds with a continuous endless-conveyor riddle
US5860533A (en) * 1993-06-22 1999-01-19 Reekie Manufacturing Limited Grader
US5887729A (en) * 1994-11-18 1999-03-30 Sugiyama; Hiroaki Automatic sorting apparatus

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2116006A (en) * 1936-06-17 1938-05-03 Thys Edouard Hop and stem separator
FR1290889A (fr) * 1961-03-04 1962-04-20 Corbeil Const Mec Tablier transporteur pour machines agricoles
US4846282A (en) * 1984-11-23 1989-07-11 Danieli & C. Officine Mecchaniche Spa Machine to restore railway road beds with a continuous endless-conveyor riddle
EP0265669A2 (de) * 1986-10-28 1988-05-04 Maschinenfabrik Bezner GmbH & Co. KG Sortiermaschine
US5860533A (en) * 1993-06-22 1999-01-19 Reekie Manufacturing Limited Grader
US5887729A (en) * 1994-11-18 1999-03-30 Sugiyama; Hiroaki Automatic sorting apparatus

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110063116A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2019-07-30 黄中山 油莎豆收获机
CN109174604A (zh) * 2018-11-26 2019-01-11 何翔 一种水果筛分机
CN114192406A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-03-18 苏州市职业大学 一种可调节分拣大小的水果分拣装置及其分拣方法
CN115245906A (zh) * 2021-12-20 2022-10-28 浙江理工大学 一种智能水果大小筛选分装系统及筛选分装方法
CN115245906B (zh) * 2021-12-20 2023-12-19 浙江理工大学 一种智能水果大小筛选分装系统及筛选分装方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60104278D1 (de) 2004-08-19
EP1234618B1 (de) 2004-07-14
ATE270927T1 (de) 2004-07-15
ES2223756T3 (es) 2005-03-01

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