EP1231454A2 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Durchführung interferometrischer Messungen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Durchführung interferometrischer Messungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1231454A2 EP1231454A2 EP02002867A EP02002867A EP1231454A2 EP 1231454 A2 EP1231454 A2 EP 1231454A2 EP 02002867 A EP02002867 A EP 02002867A EP 02002867 A EP02002867 A EP 02002867A EP 1231454 A2 EP1231454 A2 EP 1231454A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wavelength
- light source
- light
- sensor
- interferometer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005305 interferometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101000797092 Mesorhizobium japonicum (strain LMG 29417 / CECT 9101 / MAFF 303099) Probable acetoacetate decarboxylase 3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100434411 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) ADH1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150102866 adc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150042711 adc2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003797 telogen phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/266—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light by interferometric means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/344—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using polarisation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for carrying it out interferometric measurements.
- Interferometric and polarimetric sensors have output signals with sin 2 - and cos 2 -shaped dependence of the measured variable-induced phase difference between the measuring light wave and the reference light wave. As a result, they are non-linear and periodic, which makes their evaluation difficult.
- Bragg reflector sensors have an expansion and temperature-dependent wavelength detuning of their spectral reflection maximum, which requires a high-resolution wavelength measurement.
- a disadvantage of such a system is the relatively high cost of the two light sources and additional facilities for this.
- DE 196 28 200 A1 shows a system in which the light of a single one Light source fed to an interferometer or polarimetric sensor the light emitted by this sensor in two or more beam paths is subdivided and an adjustable one in each beam path Interference filter with different central wavelength is provided.
- suitable tilt angle settings of the different interference filters can the at least two coupled out interference signals in quadrature, that is 90 degrees phase difference.
- the through the interference filter beam paths that have been reached are each changed from one measuring device to the quantitative Measurement recorded.
- an adjustable one Filter element is also the light of a light source in US Pat. No. 5,646,399 with a beam splitter divided into three beam paths and then on one dielectric multilayer film filter given. This is intended to make certain Wavelength adjustments are possible.
- a concept is neither conceived nor suitable because of the manufacturing tolerances of the filter elements, for example the inhomogeneity of the coating and the fluctuations in the refractive index, no projections of the would allow angle of incidence. Also is the theoretical, physical Relationship between the tilt angle of such a film and the Displacement wavelength complicated and definitely not linear, so that no suitable signals can be generated to interferrometric Perform measurements.
- the object of the invention is based on the prior art To create improvements and in particular a process with little effort and a device for carrying out interferometric measurements create with which measurement signals of an interferometer or polarimetric Measure sensors with precisely adjustable, different wavelengths can be.
- the interference signals should advantageously be in one Phase relationship (for example, quadrature) and an exact one Determination of the phase changes are made possible.
- the exact wavelength of a ⁇ -modulated Bragg reflector sensor can be determined.
- This task is solved on the one hand by a method in which light is a Interferometer sensor device or polarimetric sensor device supplied is that of the interferometer sensor device or polarimetric Sensor device reflects or transmitted light in at least two beam paths is divided by a different angle of incidence optical band pass filter, and that through the optical band pass filter arrived rays are measured quantitatively and the measurement is evaluated, with at least one angle of incidence of a beam path is adjusted and measurements at different values of the angle of incidence be made.
- this object is achieved by a device with a light source, an interferometer sensor device or polarimetric sensor device, a beam splitter device for splitting the interferometer sensor device or polarimetric sensor device Radiation in at least two beam paths, an optical bandpass filter, which is arranged in the beam paths, photodetectors in the beam paths for quantitative measurement of the light passing through the bandpass filter the beam paths, and a data processing device for calculation measurement signals from the photodetectors using a suitable algorithm.
- the invention is based on the idea that not several, in the respective Filters provided are tilted individually, but the Beam paths at different angles passed through a common filter become. This will significantly simplify the structure and achieved a cost reduction.
- the common filter and used in addition Bundling devices, for example gradient index lenses, in a common Block can be accommodated, so that errors due for example different filter properties or different angle settings and stability problems are kept to a minimum.
- a broadband light source such as for example, an edge-emitting light-emitting diode or a superluminescent diode can be used without stability problems with line widths of for example 50 to 100 nm without internal current and temperature stabilization.
- the light is one or more interferometer sensors respectively polarimetric sensors supplied, for example by a suitable Coupling device, for example a 4x4, three 2x2 or a 3x1 and one 2x2 coupling device can be achieved. That from the sensor respectively Light reflected back from the sensors is transmitted via the coupling device divided into at least two, advantageously three beam paths and fed to the common filter, which is advantageously in a filter block is provided, the fixed reception of the supplied glass fibers and accurate Adjustment of the bundle devices enables.
- a suitable Coupling device for example a 4x4, three 2x2 or a 3x1 and one 2x2 coupling device can be achieved. That from the sensor respectively Light reflected back from the sensors is transmitted via the coupling device divided into at least two, advantageously three beam paths and fed to the common filter, which is advantageously in a filter block is provided, the fixed reception of the supplied glass fibers and accurate Adjustment of the bundle devices enables.
- a Fabry-Perot etalon can also be used as the optical bandpass filter be used.
- an arctan method to determine a phase difference be used.
- a quadrature relationship of the Measurement signals can be set. The determination of the wavelength of a Bragg reflector sensor can be done via the quotient of the measurement signals.
- a light source without cooling can be used become.
- the power supply can be changed such that at least extensive compensation is achieved.
- a sensor for Example an NTC transistor used in a suitable amplifier circuit become.
- the mean center wavelength is advantageously changed by tilting the angle of incidence, being a symmetrical arrangement the lower and upper wavelength with equal distances to the medium center wavelength is sought.
- the interference signal according to the invention as an option with regard to the information contained in the signal be evaluated for the absolute (initial) phase position. This simplifies the Initialization of demodulation (entry of the initial fringe order if it deviates from the quadrature value) and is helpful when connecting several sensor elements to the device.
- a step by step is suitable for this Wavelength detuning of the middle of the three wavelengths with simultaneous Analysis of the measured signals or alternatively an integrated in the device Reference interferometer.
- the interference signal is the last variant by means of a fiber-optic switch before coupling into the optical bandpass filter unit branched to a reference interferometer.
- the device can advantageously reduce costs when using several sensor elements (where otherwise one for each sensor Demodulation unit is used) to an electronically switchable fiber optic switch (as they are common in telecommunications) in one of the optical outputs can be supplemented, which enables switching (multiplexing) allowed between 2 to 16 sensor elements.
- This expansion takes place advantageously in combination with initialization processes.
- a light source 1 for example an edge-emitting light-emitting diode ELED with line widths of, for example, 100 nm or a superluminescent diode with a line width of 15 to 40 nm, for example in the infrared spectral range with wavelengths of 800 to 1500 nm, is used.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of the spectral curve, depending on the wavelength in curve a,
- the light source 1 is supplied with current from a current source 2.
- a temperature sensor 3 measures the temperature inside the housing, the measured one Temperature is passed to the power source 2.
- the light output by the light source 1 is guided to a 4x4 coupler 4 via a light guide 20.
- the coupler can be designed in a manner known per se by using fused glass fibers.
- Four optical fibers 5, 6, 7 are led out of the coupler 4, one of which, for example, is connected to a sensor 19 at one of the optical connections P1, P2, P3, P4.
- This sensor can be interferometric, polarimetric or Bragg reflector sensor, which is connected to the optical fibers 5, 6, 7, 8 via optical connections.
- the light emitted again by the sensor is guided back via the optical fibers 5, 6, 7, 8, the directional coupler 4 and via coupler arms 9, 10, 11 to gradient index lenses 12, 13, 14 which act as bundle devices.
- These lenses conduct the light to an optical bandpass filter 15 at different angles of incidence ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3.
- the radiation transmitted by the bandpass filter 15 is in each case emitted by a photodetector, for example a photodiode 16, 17 , 18 added.
- An output voltage U1, U2, U3 can in each case be measured as the measured variable.
- the optical bandpass filter can be, for example, an interference filter or a Fabry-Perot etalon.
- the temperature sensor can be, for example, a thermocouple or an NTC resistor his.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a driver circuit for the light-emitting diode 1, in which the driver circuit of the ELED1 is compensated with the aid of the operational amplifier OP1 in such a way that the drop in intensity and the wavelength shift are compensated for by increasing the current intensity.
- R1, R2, R3, R4 are suitable ohmic resistors, Z1 a suitable Zener diode, 3 an NTC resistor, P1 a suitable potentiometer, C9, C10 suitable capacitors, D1 a suitable diode and P1 a suitable transistor. For example, -5 volts and + 5 volts can be selected as supply voltages.
- the filter center wavelengths ⁇ F are advantageously on the long-wave flank of the ELED spectrum by selection of suitable angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , as shown in Figure 3.
- the intersection of the (linear) flanks of the spectra of two transmission characteristics must be close to the Bragg wavelength ⁇ B , as shown by way of example in FIG. 9.
- at least one of the lenses 12, 13, 14 can be adjusted with respect to its angle to the filter normal.
- FIG. 4 An arrangement for receiving a bandpass filter, the gradient index lenses and the associated photodiodes and for adjusting the angle of one of the three light beams through the filter is shown by way of example in FIG. 4 .
- a filter holder 22 with a round opening 23 for receiving the filter 15 has a rotatable armature 24 for receiving a gradient index lens 13 and the associated photodiode 17.
- a housing block 26 has a continuous opening 27 for receiving the armature 24. The housing block 26 can be placed on the base of the filter holder 22 in such a way that the gradient index lenses 12, 14 can be connected and the beam path from the lenses 12, 14 to the corresponding photodiodes 16, 18 run through the bandpass filter 15.
- an angle ⁇ 2 can be adjusted to the surface normal of the bandpass filter 15, where, on the other hand, the setting angle of the diodes 12, 14 remain constant.
- angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 are different with respect to the surface normal of the filter 15, so that the effective wavelength ⁇ F of ( ⁇ i ) behind the filter is slightly lower than ⁇ F for each light beam.
- the adjustment of the armature 24 in FIG. 4 can be done, for example, via an adjustment device 28, for example as a fine-thread micrometer screw with a corresponding Scaling or designed as a microcontroller-controlled stepper motor is made. This is a quantitatively reproducible Wavelength adjustment possible.
- a combination of a 2x2 coupler 34 and a 3x1 coupler 35 is provided instead of the 4x4 coupler shown in FIG.
- a microinterferometer strain sensor 37 for example, is connected as a sensor to the output arms 36 of the coupler 34.
- a suitable one can also be used Use a combination of, for example, three 2x2 couplers.
- the photonic circuit shown in FIG. 1 with a 4x4 coupler 34 or the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 with 2x2 and 1x3 (or 3x3) couplers is a combination of three 2x2 directional couplers replaced. They are specified with regard to their coupling ratios so that the light intensities entering the optical bandpass filter are maximized and are the same for all three channels (coupler ratio 1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 1): as in the photonic circuit of FIG. 5, the light output is the light beam radiated into the optical bandpass filter 1/12 of the intensity coupled into the coupler 34 from source 1 and reflected by the sensor element.
- the increased complexity of the photonic circuit compared to FIG. 5 is offset by the usually lower price of the 2x2 couplers and the better availability compared to the 3x3 couplers due to the wide use in the telecommunications sector.
- FIG. 7 shows a further variant of a photonic circuit with three 2x2 directional couplers with different coupling ratios while maximizing the same output intensity for the three channels (coupling ratios 1: 3, 1: 2, 1: 1): output power, in turn, 1/12 of that in coupler 34 from Source 1 coupled in and reflected by the sensor element.
- a microcontroller 38 converts the output voltages U1, U2, U3 of the photodetectors via analog-digital converter ADC1, ADC2, ADC 3 into digital signals.
- ADC1, ADC2, ADC 3 into digital signals.
- the microcontroler are for the different types of sensors, in particular microinterferometers, Bragg reflector sensors different demodulation algorithms implemented.
- FIG. 8 shows an arrangement with an electronically controllable fiber-optic switch 90 in one of the four output arms of directional coupler 4 (only one output arm is shown) for the alternative design of two sensor elements connected to the demodulation unit at P1, P2, the photonic circuit in FIG. 5 being an example was used.
- Switches with up to 16 output channels are e.g. Currently available, so that multiplex operation with a corresponding number of sensors is possible.
- the electronically controllable changeover switch is advantageously activated via the microcontroller of the demodulation unit, but can also be switched back and forth between the channels P1, P2 by a manually triggered electrical pulse.
- FIG. 9 several Bragg reflector sensors 39, 40, 41 are connected in series, which have different Bragg wavelengths ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 .
- one or more of the devices shown in FIG. 4 can be used as demodulation unit 42 in combination with a suitable upstream directional coupler such as 35.
- a suitable upstream directional coupler such as 35.
- the demodulation is preferably based on the normalized difference between two signals (U 1 -U 2 ) / (U 1 + U 2 ).
- Correspondingly reduced embodiments of the optical circuit from FIG. 1 are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- One of these two-channel units is required for each sensor. The branching of a certain sensor signal to one of these units takes place via an upstream wavelength multiplexer or a filter arrangement 46 (see also FIG. 10).
- the wavelength demodulation of Bragg reflector sensors can be done with the same optoelectronic unit are carried out in phase demodulation microinterferometers or polarimetric sensors comes.
- pro Sensor element already has two channels since only two unknowns can be determined (Intensity, wavelength). Two channels are therefore sufficient for each sensor element Determination of the absolute value of the wavelength.
- Two embodiments of Two-channel demodulation units are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- FIG. 10 shows an embodiment for reading a Bragg reflector with a wavelength demodulation unit with two channels for output signals U 1 , U 2 .
- the wavelength multiplexer 46 allows the separation of signals from several Bragg reflectors of different center wavelength ⁇ i (according to FIG. 9) to their own demodulation units 42.
- FIG. 11 shows an embodiment for a single Bragg reflector sensor with light source 1, 3x3 directional coupler 43, bandpass filter 15, which can be designed, for example, as an etalon, and lens-photodiode pairs 12, 16 and 13, 17, the latter in above described tiltable. Furthermore, a Lyot depolarizer 44 is provided, with which a reduction in the sensor sensitivity due to polarization splitting of the Bragg spectrum is compensated for when the Bragg reflector is subjected to anisotropy.
- FIG. 12 shows the spectral properties of the interference filter or etalon transmission curves with center wavelengths ⁇ 1 .
- ⁇ 2 Flank slopes A, -B and the Bragg reflex center wavelength ⁇ B , spectral width ⁇ B (half-width) are shown.
- ⁇ ⁇ 0 + ⁇ m
- the phase difference of the quadrature signals therefore changes by the factor ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10 -2 slower with L than the phase ⁇ of the individual interference signal according to the above equation and can therefore be used as a measure for the absolute phase position and thus for the initialization of the interferometer with simultaneous measurement in addition to the high-resolution phase measurement.
- the wavelength difference ⁇ can be adjusted by defining the angle ⁇ 2 so that, for example, the quadrature condition is fulfilled.
- the current tilt angle difference to the initial angle ⁇ 20 of the collimation lens assigned to the signal U 2 ( ⁇ 2 ) is then the measure for the absolute phase or the absolute change in distance ⁇ L in relation to the initial distance L 0 .
- the phase calculation is carried out using known algorithms, with an arctan function essentially being used in the case of the microinterferometer and the polarimetric sensors.
- the initially unknown interference strip order m (or the absolute phase) can be determined with the aid of a further, known "phase stepping" algorithm.
- tan ⁇ / 2 3 [ I 2 - I 3 ] - [ I 1 - I 4 ] 3 [ I 2 - I 3 ] + [ I 1 - I 4 ]
- ⁇ phase difference between two out of four interference signals.
- the phase difference ⁇ 4 ⁇ nL / ⁇ 2, which is constant except for the wavelength dependency, between two adjacent positions corresponds to a constant wavelength difference ⁇ .
- a further possibility for determining the absolute value or initializing the demodulation unit after switching on with an accuracy of approximately one interference fringe ( ⁇ / 2) is possible if the signal is not influenced by a measured variable during the period required for this (order of magnitude 1 sec).
- a technical prerequisite is therefore the step-by-step recording of the interference signal with the typical periodic intensity curve over more than a quarter of a period by passing through a sufficiently large wavelength range by tilting the central light beam (wavelength ⁇ 2 , movable armature 24 with line 13 and photodiode 17 in the filter holder 22).
- the guaranteed stable distance L of the interferometer is proportional to the phase ⁇ .
- FIG. 13 A third variant for installing / determining the absolute value of the interferometer distance L is shown in FIG. 13 and is based on the integration of a reference interferometer 112 in the demodulation unit parallel to the optical bandpass filter unit, which is required for the high-resolution measurement operation.
- a temperature-stabilized reference interferometer housing 110 can be modulated with regard to its length L R means of an electrically driven piezoelectric Translators 114th
- the reference interferometer is integrated as an example in a photonic circuit according to FIG. 6; however, installation is also possible in all other variants.
- the interference signal is coupled into the reference interferometer 110 by means of the electronically controllable fiber-optic switch 100.
- the microinterferometer 112 is suitable at two points of the PZT fixed so that the PZT deflection is transferred identically to the interferometer and thus the distance L R.
- L R is calibrated in comparison to the piezo deflection usually measured by means of electrical strain gauges.
- a complete sensor system with three Bragg reflector sensor elements can also be used different reflection wavelength in a fiber, one SLD or ELED light source and a demodulation unit to generate the at least two signals per sensor element.
- the wavelength demodulation of Bragg reflector sensors can be used the same optoelectronic unit can be carried out at the Phase demodulation of microinterferometers or polarimetric sensors is used.
- Two channels are sufficient for each sensor element, since only two unknowns are sufficient are determined (intensity, wavelength). Two per sensor element are therefore sufficient Channels for determining the absolute value of the wavelength.
- Two Embodiments of two-channel demodulation units are shown in FIG. 10 and 11 are shown.
- Narrow-band interference (bandpass) filters can also be used, but are not as advantageous due to their inner substrate layer structure in connection with the high coherence length. Due to the high sensor coherence length ⁇ 2 / ⁇ B , Fabry-Perot etalons are used as bandpass filters instead of standard interference filters (which lead to interference). The spectral conditions relating to the filter and Bragg reflector are shown in FIG.
- F 1 ( ⁇ ) A ( ⁇ - ⁇ 01 )
- F 2 ( ⁇ ) - B ( ⁇ - ⁇ 02 )
- S ⁇ B - ⁇ F + ⁇ B ⁇ F / 2
- the sensor sensitivity is greater the smaller the distance ⁇ F of the filter center wavelength.
- the coherence length increases with the decrease in the spectral interference signal width (Bragg reflector typically ⁇ B ⁇ 0.3 nm).
- a commercially available interference filter as an optical bandpass, due to its layered substrate structure, this leads to interference in the form of modulations on the filter characteristic.
- One solution to the problem is to use a Fabry-Perot etalon as a band pass, since this consists of a single layer with mirrored end faces.
- the task is a suitable dimensioning for the application required here, which consists in the generation of at least two correlated signals of different intensities, from which a signal proportional to the Bragg wavelength is generated by means of calculation.
- h etalon thickness (distance between the mirrored surfaces)
- n ' refractive index of the material in the etalon
- ⁇ ' angle of incidence of the incoming (broken) beam in the etalon.
- ⁇ 1 0 °
- ⁇ 2 ⁇ ' 2 .
- ⁇ 2 ⁇ 0.57 nm or 5.7 nm results. This means a (commercially available) etalon thickness (distance between the mirrors) of h ⁇ 0.1 mm is suitable for our purposes.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Instruments For Measurement Of Length By Optical Means (AREA)
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- den Aufbau einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
- Figur 2
- den beispielhaften Aufbau einer erfindungsgemäßen Kompensationsschaltung zur Stromzuführung zu der Lichtquelle;
- Figur 3
- ein Beispiel eines Spektralverlaufs des Spektrums der Lichtquelle und der Transmissionsspektren der optischen Bandpasseinrichtung für die verschiedenen Strahlengänge;
- Figur 4
- einen Teil einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform mit der optischen Bandpasseinrichtung, Strahlenzuführung und Messeinrichtungen;
- Figur 5
- eine zu Figur 1 alternative weitere Ausführungsform;
- Figur 6
- eine zu Figur 1 alternative Ausführungsform mit drei 2x2-Kopplern;
- Figur 7
- eine weitere Alternative zu Figur 1 mit drei 2x2-Kopplern;
- Figur 8
- eine weitere Alternative zu der Ausführungsform von Figur 1 mit faseroptischem Schalter zum Umschalten zwischen 2 bis 16 Sensorelementen;
- Figur 9
- eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
- Figur 10
- eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
- Figur 11
- eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
- Figur 12
- den Wellenlängenverlauf bei einer Bragg-Wellenlängendemodulation gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
- Figur 13
- eine Ausführungsform mit einem Referenzinterferometer und faseroptischem Schalter zum Umschalten zwischen optischer Bandpasseinrichtung (Filterblock) und Referenzinterferometer.
- 1
- Lichtquelle
- 2
- Stromversorgung
- 3
- Temperaturfühler
- 4
- 4x4-Koppler
- 5
- Lichtleiter
- 6
- Lichtleiter
- 7
- Lichtleiter
- 8
- Lichtleiter
- 9
- Strahlengang
- 10
- Strahlengang
- 11
- Strahlengang
- 12
- Selfoc-Linse
- 13
- Selfoc-Linse
- 14
- Selfoc-Linse
- 15
- optischer Bandpassfilter
- 16
- Photodiode
- 17
- Photodiode
- 18
- Photodiode
- 19
- Sensoranordnung
- 22
- Filterhalterung
- 23
- Öffnung
- 24
- Anker
- 25
- Photodiode
- 26
- Gehäuseblock
- 27
- durchgehende Öffnung
- 28
- Verstellvorrichtung
- 34
- 2x2-Koppler
- 35
- 3x1-Koppler
- 36
- Ausgangsarm
- 37
- Dehnungssensor
- 38
- Microcontroler
- 39
- Bragg-Sensor
- 40
- Bragg-Sensor
- 41
- Bragg-Sensor
- 42
- Demodulationseinheit
- 43
- 3x3-Richtkoppler
- 44
- Lyot-Depolarisator
- 46
- Wellenlängenmultiplexer
Claims (28)
- Verfahren zum Durchführen interferometrischer Messungen, bei dem Licht einer Interferometersensoreinrichtung oder polarimetrischen Sensoreinrichtung (19) zugeführt wird,
das von der Interferometersensoreinrichtung oder polarimetrischen Sensoreinrichtung abgegebene Licht in mindestens zwei Strahlengänge (9,10,11) aufgeteilt wird, die unter verschiedenen Einfallswinkeln (ϑ1,ϑ2,ϑ3) durch einen gemeinsamen optischen Bandpassfilter (15) geleitet werden, und
die durch den optischen Bandpassfilter gelangten Strahlengänge quantitativ gemessen werden und die Messung ausgewertet wird,
wobei mindestens ein Einfallswinkel eines Strahlenganges (10) verstellbar ist und Messungen bei verschiedenen Werten des Einfallswinkels vornehmbar sind. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 ,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine in dem verstellbaren Strahlengang (10) vorgesehene Bündeleinrichtung (13) und eine dazugehörige optoelektronische Wandlereinrichtung (17) starr gekoppelt verstellt werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Umgebungstemperatur einer Lichtquelle (1) gemessen und eine Stromzuführung zu der Lichtquelle bei steigender Temperatur erhöht und bei fallender Temperatur verringert wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stromstärke des der Lichtquelle (1) zugeführten Stromes derartig gesteuert wird, dass eine Lichtleistung und/oder Abstrahlcharakteristik der Lichtquelle zumindest im Wesentlichen konstant gehalten wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass drei Strahlengänge (9, 10, 11) verwendet werden, wobei eine obere Mittenwellenlänge (λ3) und eine untere Mittenwellenlänge (λ1) von einer mittleren Mittenwellenlänge (λ2) den gleichen Abstand haben. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Interferometersensoreinrichtung verwendet wird und aus den Messwerten neben den Phasendifferenzen weiterhin Intensitäten und/oder Interferenzkontraste und/oder Interferenzstreifenordnungen ermittelt werden. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Interferometersensoreinrichtung verwendet wird und aus Quotienten von mindestens zwei Messwerten eine Phasendifferenz mittels einer arctan-Prozedur ermittelt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass über eine spektrale Breite des optischen Bandpassfilters (15) verschiedene diskrete Werte des Einfallwinkels eingestellt werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die diskreten Werte des Einfallwinkels durch schrittweises Verstellen eines gesteuerten Schrittmotors eingestellt werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch die Messung über die spektrale Breite des optischen Bandpassfilter (15) eine absolute Phasenlage ermittelt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Bragg-Reflektoreinrichtung verwendet wird, deren durch eine Messgröße modulierte Wellenlänge über eine normierte Intensitätsdifferenz ermittelt wird. - Vorrichtung zum Durchführen interferometrischer Messungen, insbesondere zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, mit
einer Lichtquelle (1),
einer Interferometersensoreinrichtung (19) oder wellenlängenmodulierten Sensoreinrichtung,
einer Strahlungsteilereinrichtung (4) zum Aufteilen einer von der Interferometersensoreinrichtung (19) oder wellenlängenmodulierten Bragg-Sensoreinrichtung abgegebenen Strahlung in mindestens zwei Strahlengänge (9, 10, 11),
einem optischen Bandpassfilter (15), das in den Strahlengängen (9, 10, 11) angeordnet ist,
Fotodetektoren (16, 17, 18) in den Strahlengängen zum quantitativen Messen des durch den Bandpassfilter (19) gelangten Lichtes der Strahlengänge, und
einer Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung zum Empfangen von Messsignalen der Fotodetektoren (16, 17 ,18). - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lichtquelle eine Superlumineszenzdiode oder kantenemittierende Leuchtdiode (1) ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12 oder 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lichtquelle (1) ungekühlt ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lichtquelle (1) eine Wellenlänge zwischen 800 und 1.500 nm und eine Linienbreite von 40 nm bis 100 nm aufweist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der optische Bandpassfilter (15) ein Interferenzfilter oder ein Fabry-Perot-Etalon ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Bündeleinrichtungen, insbesondere Gradientenindexlinsen, zum Beispiel Selfoc-Linsen (12, 13, 14) zum Bündeln der Strahlengänge (9, 10, 11) vorgesehen sind. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest eine Bündeleinrichtung (13) und ein dem gleichen Strahlengang (10) zugeordneter Fotodetektor (17) starr miteinander gekoppelt verstellbar sind. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 18,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Interferometer-Sensor, insbesondere ein faseroptischer Fabry-Perot-Mikrointerferometersensor an Anschlüssen (P1, P2, P3, P4) vorgesehen ist, und von der Datenverarbeitungseinrichtung ein arctan-Verfahren zur Ermittlung mindestens einer Phasendifferenz verwendbar ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 19,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Temperatursensor (3) zum Messen einer Umgebungstemperatur der Lichtquelle (1) vorgesehen ist und eine Stromzuführung von einer Stromquelle (2) zu der Lichtquelle (1) bei steigender Temperatur erhöhbar und bei fallender Temperatur verringerbar ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 20,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stromstärke der Lichtquelle (1) derartig steuerbar ist, dass eine Lichtleistung und/oder Abstrahlcharakteristik der Lichtquelle zumindest im Wesentlichen konstant gehalten wird. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 21,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens drei Strahlengänge (9, 10, 11) vorgesehen sind, die durch den optischen Bandpassfilter (15) verlaufen. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 22,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine obere Mittenwellenlänge (3) und eine untere Mittenwellenlänge (1) von einer mittleren Mittenwellenlänge (2) den gleichen Wellenlängenabstand haben. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 23,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Schrittmotor zur Verstellung des mindestens einen Strahlenganges (10) vorgesehen ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 24,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strahlungsteilereinrichtung (4) einen faseroptischen Richtkoppler, vorzugsweise eine 4x4-Kopplungseinrichtung, oder eine photonische Schaltung mit 3x1- bzw. 3x3- und 2x2-Kopplungseinrichtungen aufweist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 25,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Strahlungsteilungeinrichtung drei 2x2-Kopplungseinrichtungen aufweist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 26,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein faseroptischer 1xN-Schalter in einem Lichtleiter (5, 6, 7, 8) zwischen der Strahlungsteilereinrichtung und den Sensoren zum Umschalten zwischen mehreren Sensoren vorgesehen ist. - Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 27,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Referenzinterferometer (112) und ein Umschalter (100) zum Umschalten zwischen dem optischen Bandpassfilter (15) und dem Referenzinterferometer (112) vorgesehen ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10106079A DE10106079B4 (de) | 2001-02-08 | 2001-02-08 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Durchführung interferometrischer Messungen |
DE10106079 | 2001-02-08 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1231454A2 true EP1231454A2 (de) | 2002-08-14 |
EP1231454A3 EP1231454A3 (de) | 2004-01-21 |
EP1231454B1 EP1231454B1 (de) | 2006-05-03 |
Family
ID=7673510
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02002867A Expired - Lifetime EP1231454B1 (de) | 2001-02-08 | 2002-02-08 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Durchführung interferometrischer Messungen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1231454B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE325330T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10106079B4 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010002326A1 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-07 | Senseair Ab | Arrangement adapted for spectral analysis |
EP3290870A1 (de) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-07 | ABB Schweiz AG | Geschlossener interferometrischer sensor mit schleifenverstärkung zur bestimmung des interferenzkontrasts |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE524141C2 (sv) | 2002-11-11 | 2004-07-06 | Elinnova Hb | Anordning för konvertering av ljus |
DE102005023212B4 (de) * | 2005-05-16 | 2007-07-12 | Häusler, Gerd, Prof. Dr. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur schnellen und genauen Weisslichtinterferometrie |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5646399A (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1997-07-08 | Fujitsu Limited | Tunable optical filter having beam splitter and movable film filter |
US5910840A (en) * | 1996-07-12 | 1999-06-08 | Deutsche Forschungsanstalt Fur Luft-Und Raumfahrt E.V. | Apparatus and method for interferometric measurements |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4092070A (en) * | 1976-10-26 | 1978-05-30 | Lansing Research Corporation | Tuning of etalons in spectroscopic apparatus |
US4204771A (en) * | 1978-05-08 | 1980-05-27 | Arthur Shull | Tuning of etalons |
DE3645238C2 (de) * | 1985-11-26 | 1996-11-07 | Sharp Kk | Optischer Sensor |
DE3942375A1 (de) * | 1989-12-21 | 1991-06-27 | Guenter Knapp | Vorrichtung zur gleichzeitigen erfassung mehrerer wellenlaengenbereiche |
DE19514852C2 (de) * | 1995-04-26 | 1997-07-03 | Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Beschleunigungs- und Vibrationsmessung |
AU6119396A (en) * | 1995-07-27 | 1997-02-26 | Jds Fitel Inc. | Method and device for wavelength locking |
US5825792A (en) * | 1996-07-11 | 1998-10-20 | Northern Telecom Limited | Wavelength monitoring and control assembly for WDM optical transmission systems |
US6134253A (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 2000-10-17 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Method and apparatus for monitoring and control of laser emission wavelength |
-
2001
- 2001-02-08 DE DE10106079A patent/DE10106079B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-02-08 DE DE50206610T patent/DE50206610D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-08 EP EP02002867A patent/EP1231454B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-08 AT AT02002867T patent/ATE325330T1/de active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5646399A (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1997-07-08 | Fujitsu Limited | Tunable optical filter having beam splitter and movable film filter |
US5910840A (en) * | 1996-07-12 | 1999-06-08 | Deutsche Forschungsanstalt Fur Luft-Und Raumfahrt E.V. | Apparatus and method for interferometric measurements |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
SCHMIDT M ET AL: "FIBER-OPTIC EXTRINSIC FABRY-PEROT INTERFEROMETER SENSORS WITH THREE-WAVELENGTH DIGITAL PHASE DEMODULATION" OPTICS LETTERS, OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, WASHINGTON, US, Bd. 24, Nr. 9, 1. Mai 1999 (1999-05-01), Seiten 599-601, XP000830379 ISSN: 0146-9592 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010002326A1 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-07 | Senseair Ab | Arrangement adapted for spectral analysis |
CN102132144B (zh) * | 2008-06-30 | 2012-12-26 | 空气传感公司 | 适配于光谱分析的装置 |
EP3290870A1 (de) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-07 | ABB Schweiz AG | Geschlossener interferometrischer sensor mit schleifenverstärkung zur bestimmung des interferenzkontrasts |
US10302411B2 (en) | 2016-09-02 | 2019-05-28 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Closed-loop interferometric sensor using loop gain for determining interference contrast |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1231454B1 (de) | 2006-05-03 |
ATE325330T1 (de) | 2006-06-15 |
DE10106079A1 (de) | 2002-08-29 |
EP1231454A3 (de) | 2004-01-21 |
DE50206610D1 (de) | 2006-06-08 |
DE10106079B4 (de) | 2008-01-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE19821616B4 (de) | Anordnung zur Bestimmung von absoluten physikalischen Zustandsgrößen, insbesondere Temperatur und Dehnung, einer optischen Faser | |
DE69912969T2 (de) | Optischer phasendetektor | |
DE60103482T2 (de) | Lichtinterferenz | |
EP1082580B1 (de) | Modulationsinterferometer und faseroptisch getrennte messsonde mit lichtleitern | |
EP0487450B1 (de) | Verfahren und Einrichtungen zur faseroptischen Kraftmessung | |
DE4201511B4 (de) | Positionsdetektor und Verfahren zur Positionsmessung | |
DE19743493C2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Laserfrequenzmessung und -Stabilisierung | |
EP2765394B1 (de) | Optische Positionsmesseinrichtung | |
US6417507B1 (en) | Modulated fibre bragg grating strain gauge assembly for absolute gauging of strain | |
EP0670467B1 (de) | Interferometer | |
DE102007024349A1 (de) | Optische Positionsmesseinrichtung | |
DE3409207A1 (de) | Optischer sensor | |
DE3311808C2 (de) | Halbleiterlaseranordnung mit einem Fabry-Perot-Interferometer | |
WO1991019965A1 (de) | Faseroptischer drucksensor | |
CH671099A5 (de) | ||
DE102008029459A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur berührungslosen Abstandsmessung | |
DE19628200B4 (de) | Vorrichtung zur Durchführung interferometrischer Messungen | |
DE3623265C2 (de) | Verfahren und Anordnung zur faseroptischen Messung einer Weglänge oder einer Weglängenänderung | |
EP0401576B1 (de) | Interferometeranordnung | |
DE10249409B4 (de) | Interferometer und Positionsmessvorrichtung | |
DE10308016A1 (de) | Verschiebungsmessgerät mit Interferenzgitter | |
DE102017122689A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur berührungslosen Messung eines Abstands zu einer Oberfläche oder eines Abstands zwischen zwei Oberflächen | |
DE10106079B4 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Durchführung interferometrischer Messungen | |
DE3528294C2 (de) | ||
EP2690396A1 (de) | Interferometrische Entfernungsmessanordnung und ebensolches Verfahren |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: WERTHER, BERND DIPL.-ING. Inventor name: FUERSTENAU, NORBERT, DIPL.-PHYS. DR. Inventor name: SCHMIDT, MARKUS DIPL.-ING. |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO SI |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: 7G 01B 11/16 A |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20040611 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20040715 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Designated state(s): AT DE FR GB NL |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT DE FR GB NL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 50206610 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20060608 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20060727 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20070206 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20110216 Year of fee payment: 10 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20110228 Year of fee payment: 10 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20110201 Year of fee payment: 10 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20110124 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20110124 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: V1 Effective date: 20120901 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20120208 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20121031 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 50206610 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20120901 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MM01 Ref document number: 325330 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20120208 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120901 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120229 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120208 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120208 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20120901 |