EP1225279A2 - Railroad level crossing - Google Patents

Abstract

The road crossing at the permanent way of a railway track, as a level or grade crossing, is formed by a number of tightly packed longitudinal shaped bodies (2) within and outside the rails. They are locked together mechanically by clips (10). They allow the shaped bodies to be moved for adjustment along the line of the rails, to be secured at a suitable point to the rail sleepers (8).

Description

The invention relates to a track transition construction, with which in particular an oblique to the longitudinal extent of a track that can be driven over is, the track transition from a plurality of individual between and outside the rails of the track which are formed close to each other in the longitudinal direction of the track with each other with mechanical Connecting means are connected and a and define walkable area.

Track transition structures of the type mentioned serve to a gap-free as possible and therefore pleasant to crossing or to be crossed on a track create. On both sides of the track crossing construction or the track transition created with this closes one Street. Track crossings are, as already mentioned mentioned, formed from a plurality of shaped bodies, which both in the compartment between the two tracks as also laid flush on both sides of each other become. Should be an oblique to the longitudinal extension of the track that can be driven over, Problems have arisen so far, which are described below of Figures 7 and 8 of the accompanying drawings, to which is already referred to, should be explained.

Figures 7 and 8 show two types in plan view of diagonally traversable track crossings, whereby in the case of 7 shows the course of a line indicated by two lines S1 and S2 Road to the longitudinal extension of a track G an Angle α> 90 °, whereas in the case of Fig. 8 also indicated by the two lines S1 and S2 Road to the longitudinal direction of the track G in one Angle α <90 °. Arrows P1 and P2 in the Figures 7 and 8, the respective directions of travel on the respective lanes SP1 and SP2 on both sides of a central marking M represents

Furthermore, in Figures 7 and 8 for the two Lanes SP1 and SP2 in the individual moldings F of a track transition GÜ occurring force relationships shown in the respective lanes SP1 and SP2.

In the force triangles of Figures 7 and 8 means Fn is the normal force resulting from the traffic load, Fv is a vertical force component, which in the rail or in the road connection is derived and Fh a horizontal force component, which the individual Slabs or moldings F of the track transition GÜ tried to move. One can see in the situation of Fig. 7, in which the angle α between the longitudinal course of the road and longitudinal course of the track G is greater than 90 °, that the two horizontal force components Fh in the respective Lane SP1 and SP2 facing each other are. In the case of Fig. 8, in which the angle α is less than Is 90 °, the two horizontal force components Fh in the lanes SP1 and SP2 away from each other.

In practice, this gives the effect that in the case of Fig. 7, the individual plates or moldings F inwards be pushed, resulting in crevices on the roadside leads. In the case of the situation of Fig. 8, push the Slabs or moldings F gradually outwards what leads to a gap in the middle of the street.

This formation of gaps, in particular in the middle of the carriageway is extremely undesirable.

Another problem with the direction of track crossings is that the individual moldings F due to production within a certain tolerance range Have variations in their dimensions. This does it is difficult to take the individual molded articles with on the individual Rails G mounted mechanical sleepers Fix holding means because of fluctuations in dimensions and cause problems especially in length. Especially when the individual moldings Having undersize, i.e., being too short, can in practice the effect occur that the individual moldings F of do not lie right next to each other, but with certain columns are spaced from each other, so that the tendencies mentioned above, under the influence of Horizontal force Fa to "walk" sideways still supported become.

It is therefore an object of the present invention a track transition construction of the type mentioned interpret that with her track crossings, in particular passable at an angle to the longitudinal extent of a track Track transitions are buildable, which under action the horizontal force component of the traffic load none experienced lateral displacements of the individual moldings and which can be easily and precisely assembled on site are.

The present invention proposes to achieve this object according to claim 1, that the mechanical connecting means the adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the track Shaped body adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the track with each other and in at least one place are connected to a track sleeper.

This means that at least one of the mechanical Lanyards set against a track sleeper is, whereas the remaining lanyards are floating. The connection of the individual Interconnecting means is adjustable, namely adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the track, so that starting of the at least one stationary, on the threshold fixed lanyards the distances of the remaining Lanyard can be changed and therefore changes in dimensions the molded body to be installed are customizable. This makes it possible for the individual Shaped body to be laid exactly, according to a preferred Design in the course of the laying process after setting the molding by its associated Holding means the distance between these two holding means subsequently changed via the adjustable connection is that there is a compressive stress in the molding in question builds. This and that starting from a fixed point floating laying of the individual moldings ensures that the problems described at the beginning according to Figures 7 and 8 in the invention Track transition construction did not result. Furthermore is in the track transition construction according to the invention the laying of the individual moldings despite their dimensional tolerances or fluctuations unproblematic because on-site an exact adaptation to the existing one Shaped body is possible.

The mechanical connection means are preferred Tension and compression resistant connected to each other adjustable. In this way, for the arrangement or the field of shaped bodies, which together form the track transition stable and stable substructure created.

The mechanical connection means are connected with each other via at least one rod, which can be attached to the mechanical connecting means, can the requirement for a tensile and compressive stiffness Realize the connection constructively and inexpensively.

The connection is also preferably made via a Plurality of rods, one each to two each other neighboring mechanical part belonging to a molded body Lanyards can be attached. This leaves the desired according to the invention in a particularly simple manner Mode of action received that the individual moldings be under pressure.

For this purpose, the rods are adjustable in the longitudinal direction attachable to the mechanical connection means, that the two adjacent, one molded body associated mechanical connecting means to each other are movable, so each molded body in itself under pressure to charge.

The mechanical connection means are according to one Design holding clips, which in the end areas two adjacent or adjacent molded bodies intervene positively / non-positively. How to get out of the following description of a preferred embodiment will result in more detail when assembling the track crossing construction Benefits.

According to one embodiment, the retaining clips are in the Cross-section substantially U-shaped, the two Engage the legs of the U-shape into the molded body from below. This is done with simple constructive means a secure definition of the individual molded bodies possible.

The apex of the U-shape is preferably on one Threshold to create a stable substructure. The rods are made according to a preferred embodiment attached at the ends to the legs of the U-shapes, each rod continuing at one of its ends attached to the leg of the U-shape of a retaining clip and with its other end on the leg of the U-shape an adjacent bracket adjustable is. The intended mode of operation of the Adjustment between two adjacent ones This makes holding clips particularly easy to implement, since a corresponding adjustment movement only from one side of the rod is necessary.

The adjustable attachment is done by at least an adjusting or tension nut, which on the free end the rod is screwable and the rod opposite Leg of the clamp clamped. This is constructive simple and reliable in practice.

Around a retaining clip on its associated, underneath Setting the track threshold can be according to a Embodiment of the apex of a U-shaped retaining clip are screwed to the threshold below. The legs of a U-shaped retaining clip can just as well beyond the plane of the top of the U shape be extended downwards so that the retaining clip a has an essentially H-shaped cross section. The after below extended leg of the retaining clip, i.e. quasi the lower half of the "H" are on either side of the Threshold on, so that this also holds the bracket in Longitudinal direction of the track compared to the threshold is set. Of course, the retaining clips both screwed and additionally with the H-shaped Cross section.

Further details, aspects and advantages of the present Invention result from the following Description based on the drawing.

Fig. 1 eine geschnittene Darstellung der Stoßstelle zweier benachbarter Formkörper im Bereich eines dortigen mechanischen Verbindungsmittels in Form einer Halteklammer;

Fig. 2 eine perspektivische vereinfachte Darstellung von drei Gleisschwellen mit hierauf angeordneten Halteklammern und dazwischen verlaufenden Verbindungsstangen,

Fig. 3 eine Schnittdarstellung durch einen Formkörper zur Veranschaulichung des Verlaufs der Stange hierin;

Fig. 4 eine schematische Seitendarstellung des Aufbaus der Gleisübergangskonstruktion, wobei der mit "A" gekennzeichnete Ausschnitt in Fig. 1 vergrößert dargestellt ist;

Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf die Anordnung von Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 eine Draufsicht von oben zur Veranschaulichung, wie die erfindungsgemäße Gleisübergangskonstruktion aufzubauen ist; und

Fig. 7 und Fig. 8 Draufsichten von oben auf Gleisübergänge zur Veranschaulichung des der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrunde liegenden Problems, sowie zur Veranschaulichung, wie Gleisübergänge der genannten Art allgemein aufgebaut sind.

It shows:

1 shows a sectional illustration of the joint of two adjacent molded bodies in the area of a mechanical connecting means there in the form of a holding clip;

2 shows a perspective simplified representation of three track sleepers with holding clamps arranged thereon and connecting rods running between them,

3 shows a sectional illustration through a shaped body to illustrate the course of the rod therein;

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the construction of the track transition construction, the section marked "A" in Fig. 1 being shown enlarged;

Fig. 5 is a top view of the arrangement of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a top plan view illustrating how to construct the track transition construction of the invention; and

7 and 8 are top views of track crossings to illustrate the problem underlying the present invention, and to illustrate how track crossings of the type mentioned are generally constructed.

1 shows a section through a molded body 2, wherein in the illustration according to Figures 7 and 8 a The majority of these shaped bodies 2 form the track transition. in the In the case of one that runs obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the track Road or lane course, what a corresponding oblique design of the track transition are required the individual moldings 2 in the from Figures 7 or 8 visible, in brick wall-like manner misaligned, i.e. for example per row of moldings by the distance between two sleepers 8 to the left (Fig. 7) or to the right (Fig. 8). The moldings 2 come in the also evident from Figures 7 and 8 Way both in the compartment between the two tracks as also to the left and right of it.

To fix the position of the individual moldings both among themselves as well as opposite the track becomes a majority used by retaining clips 10. The holding clips 10 1 are essentially U-shaped in cross section with two essentially vertically protruding legs 12 and 14 and an intermediate one, substantially horizontally arranged apex 16.

The position of the molded body 2 on the bracket 10 takes place on the underside of the molded body 2 trained recesses 18 into which the free ends the leg 12 or 14 engage from below.

As already explained at the beginning, is with the shaped bodies 2 for the construction of the track transition given the problem that the dimensional accuracy is not is constant. This in turn means that the in Distance seen in the longitudinal direction of each molded body 2 between two recesses 18 within a certain Tolerance range fluctuates. With a previous determination the holding clips 10 on the individual sleepers 8 would be the subsequent assembly of the molded body 2 by placing them in such a way that the legs 12 and 14 engage in the recesses 18, not possible because the Distances of the recesses 18 from molded body to molded body can be different. A non-closing transfer of the individual shaped bodies 2 in the longitudinal direction, 1 so that their end faces 20 according to FIG or 22 lie essentially without gaps therefore hardly realizable in practice.

The invention provides for this, the individual retaining clips 10 not continuously towards the thresholds 8 Fasten. It is rather in the longitudinal direction of the track seen in a row one behind the other Shaped body only a bracket 10 on the associated Threshold 8 attached. According to FIG. 2, for example the threshold 8b lying there in the middle. For fixing the holding clip 10b at the associated threshold 8b can either be a simple screw connection with the former the latter are made. One more way is the two legs 12 and 14 of the U-profile Holding clip 10 down over the plane of the apex 16 extend beyond, so that these elongated legs 12 and 14 come to lie on both sides of the threshold 8b and the holding clip 10b thus H-shaped in cross section itself on the associated threshold 8b in Longitudinal direction of the track holds. Of course you can also a combination of screw connection and H-shaped Retaining clip 10b can be used.

The retaining clips adjoining the retaining clip 10b 10a and 10c are again U-shaped according to FIG. 2 in cross section and lie on the associated sleepers 8a and 8c without fasteners, i.e. floating on.

Figures 4, 5 and 6 show the structure of the invention Track transition construction and based on this Figures in connection with Figure 1 is intended in detail below are explained as the track transition construction according to the invention to be built.

First, the bracket that is the only one not floating in a row of moldings should be on the associated threshold 8 on the above Way set. This is expediently the one Retaining clip, which in a in the longitudinal direction of the Track running series of shaped bodies in the Row of central shaped bodies. In Figures 7 and 8 this would be the molded body FM. This molded body is in Figure 6 also designated FM ("molded body center"). The holding bracket specified on its associated threshold 10 is that on the left in FIG. 6 Retaining clip, which in accordance with Fig. 2 Has reference symbol 10b (the associated threshold 8b is shown in FIG Fig. 6 not shown).

As best seen in Fig. 1, each bracket has 10 in the area of their legs 12 and 14 different Design on. One of the two legs, in Fig. 1 the leg 12 carries one in a through hole welded or otherwise fixed Rod 24, whereas the other leg 14 has a bore 26, into which a rod 28 is also inserted in this way is that the longitudinal central axes of the rods 24 and 28 are aligned. It should be noted that the rod 28th approximately according to the representation of FIG. 2 of another Holding bracket 10 (10c) comes with which it is analogous to the rod 24 firmly connected in the area of the (left) leg there is. The rod 28 passes through the bore 26 in Leg 14 and has an external thread at its free end 30. In addition, the rod 28 passes through in the area its free end a sleeve 32 which with a End rests on the inside of the leg 14 and there attached, e.g. is welded, and so far in Fig. 1 extends to the left that you other, from the thigh 14 opposite end over the end face 20 of the molded body 2 (FM) protrudes slightly, at least with this lies in one plane. On the thread 30 of the rod 28, at least one nut 34 is screwed on, preferably however two nuts 34 and 36, which then countered can be. The rod 24 extends in Fig. 1 after left towards another one located there Holding bracket 10 (10a), passes through one of the holes there 26 corresponding hole and is analogous to the illustration of Fig. 1 again with an external thread and then screwed nuts opposite over a sleeve the leg of the holding clip 10 (10a) held there. This arrangement plants according to FIGS. 2, 4 and 5 starting from the central retaining clip 10b left and right over the entire length of the track, within which the adjacent row of moldings 2 should be relocated.

4 to 6 further show that starting from the central molding FM the course or the arrangement of the individual retaining clips 10 is offset by 180 °. you recognizes this from the fact that the left holding bracket 10b the sleeve 32 attached herewith on the right side lies, whereas in the case of the holding clip 10c the sleeve 32 is on the left.

In Fig. 6 is the laying direction with the two arrows indicated which starting from the central molded body FM left and right towards the edge of the lane he follows.

Fig. 6 also shows that the rod 28 between the stationary holding clip 10b and the adjoining, holding bracket on the right in the installation direction 10c is unnecessary if the track transition is a Tends to contract, i.e. if the laying situation 7 is present. Has the track crossing there must be a tendency to pull apart Connecting rod 28 between the brackets 10b and 10c can be set. In this respect, the rod 28 is one Special design as they two for this purpose has external thread 30, which in the sleeves 32nd the retaining clips 10b and 10c inserted and with nuts 34 (and 36) can be screwed if the rod 28 is used.

After fixing the fixed retaining clip 10b the associated threshold 8b is on the free end 30th the rod 24 of the bracket 10a with the above Rod 38 (FIG. 2) through one of the bore 26 corresponding hole pushed. The free end of the bar 24 passes through the corresponding to the leg 14 there Leg fixed sleeve 32, then what on the male thread 30 protruding from the sleeve at least a nut 34, preferably both nuts 34 and 36 are initially screwed on loosely and the distance between the two retaining clips 10b and 10a approximately like this is set that it is expected that the legs 12 on the part of the holding clip 10b and 14 on the part of the holding clip 10a in the recesses 18 on the underside of a Shown in FIG. 1 dashed body 42 can occur. The molded body 42 (and analogously to this all moldings 2 or FM) have on their undersides adjacent to the recesses 18 two further recesses 40, these recesses 40 at one end for receiving the sleeve 32 and other ends for receiving the arrangement consisting of external thread 30 and nuts 34 and 36 serve.

Ideally, the pre-set distance corresponds the distance between the two holding clips 10b and 10a, which is required so that the recesses 18, the legs 12 on the part of the holding clip 10b and 14 on the part of the holding clip 10a can overlap. If not Fall, can be achieved by shaking, pulling and sliding movements be that the recesses 18 finally over the legs grip and the molded body is fixed in position. This shift or adjustment is therefore possible than the central bracket 10b fixed with its threshold 8b is connected, which is left in Fig. 1 and 2 subsequent retaining clip 10a, however, only with its underside rests on the threshold 8a, but not with this is connected. Is the correct installation position of the Shaped body 42 reached, which are in the area of Retaining bracket 10a screws 34 and 36 are tightened. The sleeve 32, which acts essentially as a spacer serves to prevent the screws 34 and 36 get into the recess 42 and are no longer accessible are. Through this screwing movement of the screws 34 (and 36) on the free end of the rod 24 a reduction in the distance between the leg 12 on the part of the holding clip 10b and the leg 14 on the part the retaining clip 10a, so that in the molded body 40 a Compressive stress is built up and he reliably between the two retaining clips 10a and 10b is held.

After laying the molded body 42 according to FIG. 1 if another molded body is inserted to the left, and in the manner just described between the Retaining clip 10a and one adjoining it on the left further holding clip 10n (not shown) is set. Again, the nuts 34 (and 36) and that Male thread 30 at the free end of the rod the distance between the individual legs of the holding clips 10a and 10n set so that these in the slots or Engage recesses 18 on the underside of the molded body can. Then tighten the screws an internal compressive stress is also built up in the molded body. In this way, the individual moldings starting from the molded body 42 according to FIG. 6 to the left and relocated to the right in the direction of the roadside individually pressurized. On the molded body 42 thus closes to the right Shaped body FM (2). The result is a self-contained one Unit of individual rows of shaped bodies, which due to the exact installation option and due to the compressive stresses built up in them no possibility have in the direction of the lane or roadside or to walk towards the center of the lane or street or to shift so that opening columns at the edge of the lane or in the middle of the lane is avoided. In addition, with the track transition construction according to the invention Dimensional tolerances of the individual moldings can be easily compensated, since only one as Reference holding clip designable holding clip (here: Retaining clip 10b) at the associated threshold (here: Threshold 8b) is fixed and the left and next to the right holding clips floating on the respective thresholds lie, that is to say displaceable in the longitudinal direction are.

According to FIG. 3 and FIGS. 7 and 8, everyone has Shaped body 2 a substantially vertical Long side 44 and a profiled long side 46. at the laying according to Figures 7 and 8 must accordingly the molded body 2, which between the two rails of the G tracks are laid so that their in substantially vertical long sides 44 along a center line bump into each other and attach to the Rails of the track G adapted long sides 46 to the Lay the rails from the inside of the track. The molded bodies 2 lying outside the rails have their vertical long sides 44 to the outside and lie with their profiled long sides 46 from the outside on the rails.

A track crossing construction was described, with which in particular an oblique to the longitudinal extent of a track that can be driven over can be built, wherein the track transition from a plurality of individually between and outside the rails of the track close together Shaped bodies is formed, which in Longitudinal direction of the track seen with each other with mechanical Connecting means are connected and a and define walkable area. The mechanical Lanyard in the form of clips in the longitudinal direction of the track are molded bodies adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the track and connected at one point to a track sleeper.

Claims (13)

Track transition construction, with which in particular a track transition (GÜ) that can be traversed obliquely to the longitudinal extent of a track (G) can be constructed, the track transition (GÜ) consisting of a plurality of molded bodies (2, 42) lying closely together between and outside the rails of the track (G) , FM) is formed, which, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the track (G), are connected to one another with mechanical connecting means and define a surface that can be driven on and walked on,
characterized in that
the mechanical connecting means of the shaped bodies (2, 42, FM) lying against one another in the longitudinal direction of the track (G) are connected to one another in the longitudinal direction of the track (G) and are connected at one point to a track sleeper (8b). Track transition construction according to Claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical connecting means are connected to one another in an adjustable manner in a manner resistant to tension and compression. Track transition construction according to claim 2, characterized in that the connection is made via at least one rod (24, 28, 38) which can be fastened to the mechanical connecting means. Track transition construction according to claim 2, characterized in that the connection is made via a plurality of rods (24, 28, 38), one of which can be fastened to two mutually adjacent mechanical connecting means belonging to a molded body (2, 42, FM). Track transition construction according to Claim 4, characterized in that the rods (24, 28, 38) can be fastened to the mechanical connecting means in such a way that they can be adjusted in the longitudinal direction in such a way that the two mechanical connecting means adjacent to one another and belonging to a shaped body (2, 42, FM) each shaped body 2, 42, FM) put pressure on themselves. Track transition construction according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the mechanical connecting means are holding clips (10, 10, 10b, 10c) which engage in the end regions of two adjoining molded bodies (2, 42, FM) in a positive / non-positive manner. Track transition construction according to claim 6, characterized in that the retaining clips (10, 10a, 10b, 10b) are essentially U-shaped in cross-section, the two legs (12, 14) of the U-shape being inserted into the molded body (2 , 42, FM) intervene. Track transition construction according to claim 7, characterized in that the apex (16) of the U-shape rests on a threshold (8, 8a, 8b, 8c). Track transition construction according to one or more of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the rods (24, 28, 38) are fixed at the ends to the legs (12, 14) of the U-shapes. Track transition construction according to claim 9, characterized in that each rod (24, 28, 38) is attached at one of its ends to the leg (12) of the U-shape of a retaining clip (10, 10a, 10b, 10b) and with its other end on the leg (14) of the U-shape of an adjacent retaining clip (10, 10a, 10b, 10b) is adjustably fixable. Track transition construction according to claim 9, characterized in that the adjustable fastening is carried out by at least one adjusting nut (34, 36) which can be screwed onto the free end (30) of the rod (24, 28, 38) and the rod opposite the leg (14 ) the retaining clip (10, 10a, 10b, 10b) clamped. Track transition construction according to one or more of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the apex (16) of a U-shaped retaining clip (10, 10a, 10b, 10b) is screwed to the underlying threshold (8, 8a, 8b, 8c). Track transition construction according to one or more of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the legs of a U-shaped retaining clip (10b) are extended downward beyond the plane of the apex (16) of the U-shape, so that the retaining clip (10b) has an essentially H-shaped cross section, which engages around the underlying threshold (8b) on its long sides.

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