EP1223396A1 - Integrated process for air separation and energy generation and plant for carrying out the process - Google Patents

Integrated process for air separation and energy generation and plant for carrying out the process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1223396A1
EP1223396A1 EP01403287A EP01403287A EP1223396A1 EP 1223396 A1 EP1223396 A1 EP 1223396A1 EP 01403287 A EP01403287 A EP 01403287A EP 01403287 A EP01403287 A EP 01403287A EP 1223396 A1 EP1223396 A1 EP 1223396A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
compressor
air separation
separation device
nitrogen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP01403287A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1223396B2 (en
EP1223396B1 (en
Inventor
Alain Guillard
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Priority to DE60102788T priority Critical patent/DE60102788T3/en
Publication of EP1223396A1 publication Critical patent/EP1223396A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F25J3/04818—Start-up of the process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04539—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels
    • F25J3/04545—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels for the gasification of solid or heavy liquid fuels, e.g. integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F25J3/04575—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for a gas expansion plant, e.g. dilution of the combustion gas in a gas turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04593—The air gas consuming unit is also fed by an air stream
    • F25J3/04606—Partially integrated air feed compression, i.e. independent MAC for the air fractionation unit plus additional air feed from the air gas consuming unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F25J3/04957—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network and inter-connecting equipments upstream of the fractionation unit (s), i.e. at the "front-end"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • F25J2205/62—Purifying more than one feed stream in multiple adsorption vessels, e.g. for two feed streams at different pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/80—Hot exhaust gas turbine combustion engine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method integrated air separation and power generation and an integrated installation for the implementation of such process.
  • US-A-5664411 shows an installation with three gas turbines and an air separation device, this one being powered only by a dedicated compressor.
  • each separation device can be powered from a gas turbine compressor and sends nitrogen only to this same gas turbine which feeds.
  • an integrated air separation process for the production of fluid enriched in oxygen and optionally fluid enriched in nitrogen in an installation comprising at least a first air separation apparatus comprising at least at least two distillation columns, a first air compressor, a first combustion chamber, a first expansion turbine, a second air compressor, a second combustion chamber and a second expansion turbine and a third air compressor in which compressed air is sent from the first air compressor to the first combustion chamber and to the first air separation device, compressed air is sent from the second air compressor to the second combustion chamber and to the first air separation device, air is sent from the third air compressor to the first air separation device, combustion gas is sent to the first re expansion turbine from the first combustion chamber, combustion gas is sent to the second expansion turbine from the second combustion chamber and a nitrogen-enriched gas, possibly pressurized is sent from the first combustion device air separation upstream of the first expansion turbine and / or upstream
  • the first separation device air may be the only air separation device the set or may be the first of several devices.
  • the nitrogen-enriched gas is sent upstream of the first turbine: so it can be sent to the chamber combustion, possibly after being mixed with fuel or other fluid, and / or it can be sent to the turbine inlet.
  • an oxygen-enriched gas produced by the first air separation unit is sent to a gasification unit where the fuel for the combustion chamber.
  • 'air bar' which is a common line for air flows from various different compressors, whether air compressors also associated with a gas turbine, air compressors dedicated to one or more devices air separation.
  • a integrated air separation system for production of oxygen-enriched fluid and possibly of nitrogen-enriched fluid comprising at least a first air separation apparatus comprising at least two distillation columns, a first air compressor, a first combustion chamber, a first turbine trigger, a second air compressor, a second combustion chamber and a second expansion turbine and a third air compressor, means for sending compressed air from the first air compressor to the first combustion chamber and the first separation device air, means for sending compressed air from the second air compressor to the second chamber of combustion and at the first air separation unit, means for supplying air from the third air compressor to the air separation apparatus, means for sending combustion gas to the first expansion turbine at from the first combustion chamber, means to send combustion gas to the second turbine expansion from the second combustion chamber and means to send a nitrogen-enriched gas from the first air separation device upstream of the first expansion turbine and / or upstream of the second turbine relaxation.
  • the third compressor is not connected to a combustion chamber and / or is only connected to first air separation unit.
  • a dedicated compressor is connected to the second air separation device.
  • the same compressor is connected for send air to the first and second unit of air separation.
  • the installation may include means for relax or compress the air from the first compressor upstream of the first and / or second device air separation and / or means for relaxing or compress the air from the second compressor upstream the first and / or second air separation device.
  • the installation can include at least an expansion turbine, means for sending air from one of the first and second compressors to the turbine, a compressor, means to send air to each other first and second turbine compressors and coupling means between the turbine and the compressor.
  • the installation may include means to relax or compress nitrogen-enriched gas from the first air separation device upstream at least one of the first and second expansion turbines and / or means for relaxing or compressing the enriched gas nitrogen from the second separation device air upstream of at least one of the first and second expansion turbines.
  • the installation can include at least an expansion turbine, means for sending gas enriched in nitrogen from one of the first and second air separation at the turbine, compressor, means to send nitrogen-enriched gas from the other of first and second air separation unit at the turbine and coupling means between the turbine and the compressor.
  • FIG. 1 An installation according to the invention capable of operating a method according to the invention is illustrated schematically in Figure 1.
  • Figure 2 An installation according to the invention incorporating two air separation devices is illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 2.
  • An air separation device 1 comprises at least two cryogenic distillation columns (not shown). can for example include three columns, including a high pressure column, a low pressure column and an intermediate pressure column.
  • a device of this genre is described in EP-A-0538118.
  • it can include a mixing column and / or an argon production column. It produces gas enriched in nitrogen, usually designated waste gas 3, a gas enriched in oxygen at a high pressure 5, another gas enriched in nitrogen 7 and possibly one or more products liquid (s) 9 and / or a fluid enriched in argon 11.
  • the air supply to this device is from one or more air compressors.
  • a first air compressor 13 supplies air to the air separation apparatus 1 and with a first chamber combustion 17, the combustion gases of which supply a first expansion turbine 19 which generates electricity.
  • a second air compressor 15 supplies air to the air separation unit 1 and a second chamber 23, the combustion gases of which supply a second expansion turbine 25 which generates electricity.
  • a third air compressor 21 supplies air exclusively for the air separation unit.
  • the air separation unit 1 receives at least 90% of its air from compressor 21.
  • Means for cooling the air from the temperature of compressor output 13.15 at a temperature close to the ambient upstream of the air separation device 1 does not are not illustrated.
  • the waste gas 3 from the separation device can be sent before the first and / or second turbine, for example at the first and / or at the second combustion chamber or at the entrance to the first and / or the second turbine.
  • the device can include means pressure modification of the waste gas 3, such as one or more compressors 31, 33, 35 shown in dotted lines.
  • means pressure modification of the waste gas 3 such as one or more compressors 31, 33, 35 shown in dotted lines.
  • This means can be by a compressor, an expansion valve or a turbine.
  • the oxygen-enriched pressurized gas is preferably sent to one or more gasifiers where it is used to produce fuel for at least one of the combustion 17.23.
  • the compressors 13, 15, 21 can supply air at different pressures, for example different from at least 1 bar from each other.
  • the flow rates at higher pressures can be expanded to the lower pressure to purify all air flows together.
  • the load levels of gas turbines can be different.
  • debits can be sent to columns ASU operating at different and / or refined pressures, each at their optimum pressure.
  • Device 1 produces the same products as those described above: the apparatus 101 produces at least waste nitrogen 103 and oxygen-enriched gas under high pressure.
  • Waste nitrogen 103 can be sent to the first and / or the second combustion chamber or alternatively may be released to the atmosphere, used for regeneration of first and / or second purges 1,101 devices or used otherwise.
  • Oxygen 105 can be sent to another gasifier 131, gasify it 31 or another job, particularly if its purity is different from that of oxygen 5.
  • the apparatus 101 is supplied with air from a possibly dedicated compressor 121 and possibly to from the first compressor 13 and / or the second compressor 15 and / or the dedicated compressor 21.
  • the installation may include means of modification 3.103 waste gas pressure, such as one or more compressors.
  • means of modification 3.103 waste gas pressure such as one or more compressors.
  • there may be a way to pressure modification on the line bringing air from compressor 13 to ASU 1 or ASU 101 and / or a means of pressure modification on the line bringing air from compressor 15 to ASU 1 and / or ASU 101.
  • This means can be constituted by a compressor, an expansion valve or a turbine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The procedure for producing oxygen-rich and optional nitrogen-rich fluids uses a plant comprising at least one air separator with two distillation columns, and first and second air compressors, combustion chambers and expansion chambers, and a third air compressor. At least 20 per cent of the air processed by the first separator comes from the third compressor in nominal operating conditions, and at least 80 per cent during reduced operating conditions. The procedure for producing oxygen-rich and optional nitrogen-rich fluids uses a plant comprising at least one air separator with two distillation columns, and first and second air compressors (13, 15), combustion chambers (17, 23) and expansion chambers (19, 25), and a third air compressor (21). The first two air compressors deliver compressed air to the two combustion chambers and the first air separator, while compressed air from the third compressor also goes to the first separator. Combustion gas (27, 29) is fed to the first and second expansion turbines from the two combustion chambers, and nitrogen-rich gas, optionally pressurized, is fed from the second air separator to a point upstream of the first expansion turbine and/or the second expansion turbine. At least 20 per cent of the air processed by the first separator comes from the third compressor in nominal operating conditions, and at least 80 per cent during reduced operating conditions. An Independent claim is included for a plant in which the above process is performed.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un procédé intégré de séparation d'air et de génération d'énergie et une installation intégrée pour la mise en oeuvre d'un tel procédé.The present invention relates to a method integrated air separation and power generation and an integrated installation for the implementation of such process.

En particulier elle concerne un procédé intégré de séparation d'air pour la production de fluide enrichi en oxygène et éventuellement de fluide enrichi en azote.In particular, it relates to an integrated process for air separation for the production of fluid enriched in oxygen and possibly nitrogen-enriched fluid.

Il est bien connu d'envoyer un gaz enrichi en azote d'un appareil de séparation d'air en amont d'une turbine de détente de gaz de combustion. La chambre de combustion est alimentée en air comprimé provenant d'un compresseur d'air qui peut fournir tout ou une partie de l'air nécessaire à l'appareil de séparation d'air (ASU) comme illustré dans EP-A-0538118. Alternativement comme dans le cas de GB-A-2067668 tout l'air peut provenir d'un compresseur dédié.It is well known to send a gas enriched in nitrogen an air separation device upstream of a combustion gas expansion. The combustion chamber is supplied with compressed air from an air compressor which can supply all or part of the air necessary for the air separation unit (ASU) as illustrated in EP-A-0538118. Alternatively as in the case of GB-A-2067668 all air can come from a compressor dedicated.

US-A-5664411 montre une installation avec trois turbines à gaz et un appareil de séparation d'air, celui-ci étant alimenté uniquement par un compresseur dédié.US-A-5664411 shows an installation with three gas turbines and an air separation device, this one being powered only by a dedicated compressor.

Généralement pour des questions de fiabilité, sur un même site, il y a deux turbines à gaz et deux appareils de séparation d'air sensiblement identiques produisant à la fois l'oxygène impur nécessaire à la gazéification des carburants et l'azote. Chaque appareil de séparation peut être alimenté à partir d'un compresseur de turbine à gaz et envoie de l'azote uniquement à cette même turbine à gaz qui l'alimente.Generally for reliability reasons, on a same site, there are two gas turbines and two substantially identical air separation producing times the impure oxygen required for the gasification of fuels and nitrogen. Each separation device can be powered from a gas turbine compressor and sends nitrogen only to this same gas turbine which feeds.

Un but de l'invention est de pallier les défauts des procédés antérieurs, en particulier en permettant un fonctionnement plus souple et un démarrage plus fiable.
Selon un objet de l'invention, il est prévu un procédé intégré de séparation d'air pour la production de fluide enrichi en oxygène et éventuellement de fluide enrichi en azote dans une installation comprenant au moins un premier appareil de séparation d'air comprenant au moins deux colonnes de distillation, un premier compresseur d'air, une première chambre de combustion, une première turbine de détente, un deuxième compresseur d'air, une deuxième chambre de combustion et une deuxième turbine de détente et un troisième compresseur d'air dans lequel de l'air comprimé est envoyé du premier compresseur d'air à la première chambre de combustion et au premier appareil de séparation d'air, de l'air comprimé est envoyé du deuxième compresseur d'air à la deuxième chambre de combustion et au premier appareil de séparation d'air, de l'air est envoyé du troisième compresseur d'air au premier appareil de séparation d'air, du gaz de combustion est envoyé à la première turbine de détente à partir de la première chambre de combustion, du gaz de combustion est envoyé à la deuxième turbine de détente à partir de la deuxième chambre de combustion et un gaz enrichi en azote, éventuellement pressurisé est envoyé à partir du premier appareil de séparation d'air en amont de la première turbine de détente et/ou en amont de la deuxième turbine de détente.An object of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the previous methods, in particular by allowing a more flexible operation and a more reliable starting.
According to an object of the invention, an integrated air separation process is provided for the production of fluid enriched in oxygen and optionally fluid enriched in nitrogen in an installation comprising at least a first air separation apparatus comprising at least at least two distillation columns, a first air compressor, a first combustion chamber, a first expansion turbine, a second air compressor, a second combustion chamber and a second expansion turbine and a third air compressor in which compressed air is sent from the first air compressor to the first combustion chamber and to the first air separation device, compressed air is sent from the second air compressor to the second combustion chamber and to the first air separation device, air is sent from the third air compressor to the first air separation device, combustion gas is sent to the first re expansion turbine from the first combustion chamber, combustion gas is sent to the second expansion turbine from the second combustion chamber and a nitrogen-enriched gas, possibly pressurized is sent from the first combustion device air separation upstream of the first expansion turbine and / or upstream of the second expansion turbine.

Il sera compris que le premier appareil de séparation d'air peut être le seul appareil de séparation d'air de l'ensemble ou peut être le premier de plusieurs appareils.It will be understood that the first separation device air may be the only air separation device the set or may be the first of several devices.

Le gaz enrichi en azote est envoyé en amont de la première turbine : ainsi il peut être envoyé à la chambre de combustion, éventuellement après avoir été mélangé au carburant ou un autre fluide, et/ou il peut être envoyé à l'entrée de la turbine.The nitrogen-enriched gas is sent upstream of the first turbine: so it can be sent to the chamber combustion, possibly after being mixed with fuel or other fluid, and / or it can be sent to the turbine inlet.

De préférence un gaz enrichi en oxygène produit par le premier appareil de séparation d'air est envoyé à une unité de gazéification d'où provient le carburant pour la chambre de combustion.Preferably an oxygen-enriched gas produced by the first air separation unit is sent to a gasification unit where the fuel for the combustion chamber.

Il peut être utile de prévoir une 'barre d'air' qui est une conduite commune pour des débits d'air provenant de divers compresseurs différents, que ce soit des compresseurs d'air également associés à une turbine à gaz, des compresseurs d'air dédiés à un ou plusieurs appareils de séparation d'air.It may be useful to provide an 'air bar' which is a common line for air flows from various different compressors, whether air compressors also associated with a gas turbine, air compressors dedicated to one or more devices air separation.

De préférence tous les débits d'air destinés à un appareil de séparation d'air y parviennent à travers une conduite commune. Preferably all the air flows intended for a air separation device achieve this through a joint conduct.

Il est même possible de prévoir une conduite commune d'air comprimé pour plusieurs appareils de séparation d'air.It is even possible to plan a common conduct compressed air for several separation devices air.

Il est préférable de mélanger des débits d'air provenant d'au moins deux compresseurs différents, en amont de l'échangeur principal de l'appareil de séparation ou mieux en amont de lits d'adsorbant de l'appareil de séparation d'air.It is better to mix air flows from at least two different compressors, upstream the main exchanger of the separation device or better upstream of the adsorbent beds of the apparatus air separation.

Selon d'autres aspects facultatifs et alternatifs de l'invention :

  • au moins 20% du débit d'air traité par le premier appareil de séparation en marche nominale provient du troisième compresseur, de préférence au moins 30% ou 40% ou 50% ou 60% ou 70%.
  • en marche réduite par rapport à la marche nominale, le premier appareil de séparation d'air reçoit au moins 90% de son air ou au moins 80%, de préférence au moins 85% ou 90% ou 95% de son air du troisième compresseur ou est alimenté exclusivement par le troisième compresseur (cette marche réduite peut par exemple être pendant un phase transitoire de changement de marche, pendant le démarrage ou n'importe quelle autre phase ou la marche est réduite, c'est à dire que l'appareil produit moins de produits que la quantité de produits maximale qu'il est censé produire).
  • en marche nominale au plus 70% de l'air traité par le premier appareil de séparation d'air provient du premier et/ou du deuxième compresseur.
  • en marche nominale au plus 50% de l'air traité par le premier appareil de séparation d'air provient du premier et/ou du deuxième compresseurs.
  • en marche nominale au plus 40% de l'air traité par le premier appareil de séparation d'air provient d'au moins un des premier et deuxième compresseurs.
  • de l'air comprimé est fourni à un deuxième appareil de séparation d'air produisant au moins un fluide enrichi en oxygène et éventuellement au moins un fluide enrichi en azote, par au moins un des premiers et deuxième compresseurs et un gaz enrichi en azote est envoyé du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente.
  • le même compresseur envoie au moins 80%, de préférence au moins 90% ou même 100% de l'air qu'il comprime , aux premier et au deuxième appareil de séparation d'air.
  • le troisième compresseur n'alimente pas de chambre de combustion et/ou n'alimente que le premier appareil de séparation d'air .
  • un compresseur dédié alimente le deuxième appareil de séparation d'air.
  • l'air provenant d'au moins le premier compresseur est détendu ou comprimé en amont du premier et/ou du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air.
  • l'air provenant d'au moins le deuxième compresseur () est détendu ou comprimé en amont du premier et/ou du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air.
  • une turbine de détente d'air qui provient d'un des premier, deuxième et troisième compresseurs d'air est couplée à un compresseur d'air qui provient d'un autres des premier, deuxième et troisième compresseur d'air.
  • de l'air provenant du premier compresseur est mélangé avec de l'air provenant du deuxième compresseur et/ou de l'air provenant du troisième compresseur avant d'être envoyé au premier appareil de séparation d'air, et de préférence avant d'être épuré dans une seule unité d'épuration en amont de l'appareil de séparation d'air
  • le gaz enrichi en azote provenant du premier appareil de séparation d'air est détendu ou comprimé en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente.
  • le gaz enrichi en azote provenant du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air est détendu ou comprimé en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente.
  • une turbine de détente de gaz enrichi en azote provenant d'un des appareil de séparation d'air est couplée avec un compresseur de gaz enrichi en azote provenant de l'autre appareil de séparation d'air.
According to other optional and alternative aspects of the invention:
  • at least 20% of the air flow treated by the first separation device in nominal operation comes from the third compressor, preferably at least 30% or 40% or 50% or 60% or 70%.
  • in reduced operation compared to nominal operation, the first air separation device receives at least 90% of its air or at least 80%, preferably at least 85% or 90% or 95% of its air from the third compressor or is powered exclusively by the third compressor (this reduced step can for example be during a transient step change phase, during start-up or any other phase where the step is reduced, i.e. the device produces fewer products than the maximum quantity of products it is supposed to produce).
  • in nominal operation at most 70% of the air treated by the first air separation device comes from the first and / or the second compressor.
  • in nominal operation at most 50% of the air treated by the first air separation unit comes from the first and / or second compressors.
  • in nominal operation at most 40% of the air treated by the first air separation device comes from at least one of the first and second compressors.
  • compressed air is supplied to a second air separation device producing at least one fluid enriched in oxygen and possibly at least one fluid enriched in nitrogen, by at least one of the first and second compressors and a gas enriched in nitrogen is sent from the second air separation device upstream of at least one of the first and second expansion turbines.
  • the same compressor sends at least 80%, preferably at least 90% or even 100% of the air it compresses, to the first and second air separation apparatus.
  • the third compressor does not supply a combustion chamber and / or only supplies the first air separation device.
  • a dedicated compressor supplies the second air separation device.
  • the air from at least the first compressor is expanded or compressed upstream of the first and / or the second air separation device.
  • the air from at least the second compressor () is expanded or compressed upstream of the first and / or the second air separation device.
  • an air expansion turbine which comes from one of the first, second and third air compressors is coupled to an air compressor which comes from another of the first, second and third air compressors.
  • air from the first compressor is mixed with air from the second compressor and / or air from the third compressor before being sent to the first air separation unit, and preferably before be purified in a single purifying unit upstream of the air separation unit
  • the nitrogen-enriched gas from the first air separation device is expanded or compressed upstream of at least one of the first and second expansion turbines.
  • the nitrogen-enriched gas from the second air separation device is expanded or compressed upstream of at least one of the first and second expansion turbines.
  • a nitrogen-enriched gas expansion turbine from one of the air separation apparatus is coupled with a nitrogen-enriched gas compressor from the other air separation apparatus.

Selon un autre objet de l'invention, il est prévu une installation intégrée de séparation d'air pour la production de fluide enrichi en oxygène et éventuellement de fluide enrichi en azote comprenant au moins un premier appareil de séparation d'air comprenant au moins deux colonnes de distillation, un premier compresseur d'air, une première chambre de combustion, une première turbine de détente, un deuxième compresseur d'air, une deuxième chambre de combustion et une deuxième turbine de détente et un troisième compresseur d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air comprimé du premier compresseur d'air à la première chambre de combustion et au premier appareil de séparation d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air comprimé du deuxième compresseur d'air à la deuxième chambre de combustion et au premier appareil de séparation d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air du troisième compresseur d'air à l'appareil de séparation d'air, des moyens pour envoyer du gaz de combustion à la première turbine de détente à partir de la première chambre de combustion, des moyens pour envoyer du gaz de combustion à la deuxième turbine de détente à partir de la deuxième chambre de combustion et des moyens pour envoyer un gaz enrichi en azote du premier appareil de séparation d'air en amont de la première turbine de détente et/ou en amont de la deuxième turbine de détente.According to another object of the invention, there is provided a integrated air separation system for production of oxygen-enriched fluid and possibly of nitrogen-enriched fluid comprising at least a first air separation apparatus comprising at least two distillation columns, a first air compressor, a first combustion chamber, a first turbine trigger, a second air compressor, a second combustion chamber and a second expansion turbine and a third air compressor, means for sending compressed air from the first air compressor to the first combustion chamber and the first separation device air, means for sending compressed air from the second air compressor to the second chamber of combustion and at the first air separation unit, means for supplying air from the third air compressor to the air separation apparatus, means for sending combustion gas to the first expansion turbine at from the first combustion chamber, means to send combustion gas to the second turbine expansion from the second combustion chamber and means to send a nitrogen-enriched gas from the first air separation device upstream of the first expansion turbine and / or upstream of the second turbine relaxation.

Selon d'autres aspects facultatifs de l'invention, l'installation comprend :

  • un deuxième appareil de séparation d'air produisant au moins un fluide enrichi en oxygène et éventuellement au moins un fluide enrichi en azote,, des moyens pour fournir de l'air comprimé au deuxième appareil de séparation d'air par au moins un des premiers et deuxième compresseurs et des moyens pour envoyer un gaz enrichi en azote du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente.
  • des moyens pour détendre ou comprimer l'air provenant d'au moins un des premier et deuxième compresseurs en amont du premier et/ou du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air.
  • des moyens pour détendre ou comprimer le gaz enrichi en azote provenant d'au moins un des premier et deuxième appareils de séparation d'air en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente.
According to other optional aspects of the invention, the installation comprises:
  • a second air separation device producing at least one fluid enriched in oxygen and optionally at least one fluid enriched in nitrogen, means for supplying compressed air to the second air separation device by at least one of the first and second compressors and means for sending a nitrogen-enriched gas from the second air separation device upstream of at least one of the first and second expansion turbines.
  • means for expanding or compressing the air coming from at least one of the first and second compressors upstream from the first and / or from the second air separation device.
  • means for expanding or compressing the nitrogen-enriched gas coming from at least one of the first and second air separation devices upstream from at least one of the first and second expansion turbines.

De préférence, le troisième compresseur n'est pas relié à une chambre de combustion et/ou n'est relié qu'au premier appareil de séparation d'air. Préférablement un compresseur dédié est relié au deuxième appareil de séparation d'air.Preferably, the third compressor is not connected to a combustion chamber and / or is only connected to first air separation unit. Preferably a dedicated compressor is connected to the second air separation device.

Eventuellement le même compresseur est relié pour envoyer de l'air au premier et au deuxième appareil de séparation d'air.Optionally the same compressor is connected for send air to the first and second unit of air separation.

L'installation peut comprendre des moyens pour détendre ou comprimer l'air provenant du premier compresseur en amont du premier et/ou du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air et/ou des moyens pour détendre ou comprimer l'air provenant du deuxième compresseur en amont du premier et/ou du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air.The installation may include means for relax or compress the air from the first compressor upstream of the first and / or second device air separation and / or means for relaxing or compress the air from the second compressor upstream the first and / or second air separation device.

Dans ce cas, l'installation peut comprendre au moins une turbine de détente, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air d'un des premier et deuxième compresseurs à la turbine, un compresseur, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air de l'autre des premier et deuxième compresseurs à la turbine et des moyens de couplage entre la turbine et le compresseur.In this case, the installation can include at least an expansion turbine, means for sending air from one of the first and second compressors to the turbine, a compressor, means to send air to each other first and second turbine compressors and coupling means between the turbine and the compressor.

De même l'installation peut comprendre des moyens pour détendre ou comprimer le gaz enrichi en azote provenant du premier appareil de séparation d'air en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente et/ou des moyens pour détendre ou comprimer le gaz enrichi en azote provenant du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente.Similarly, the installation may include means to relax or compress nitrogen-enriched gas from the first air separation device upstream at least one of the first and second expansion turbines and / or means for relaxing or compressing the enriched gas nitrogen from the second separation device air upstream of at least one of the first and second expansion turbines.

Dans ce cas, l'installation peut comprendre au moins une turbine de détente, des moyens pour envoyer du gaz enrichi en azote d'un des premier et deuxième appareils de séparation d'air à la turbine, un compresseur, des moyens pour envoyer du gaz enrichi en azote de l'autre des premier et deuxième appareil de séparation d'air à la turbine et des moyens de couplage entre la turbine et le compresseur.In this case, the installation can include at least an expansion turbine, means for sending gas enriched in nitrogen from one of the first and second air separation at the turbine, compressor, means to send nitrogen-enriched gas from the other of first and second air separation unit at the turbine and coupling means between the turbine and the compressor.

Une installation selon l'invention pouvant faire fonctionner un procédé selon l'invention est illustrée schématiquement dans la Figure 1.
Une deuxième installation selon l'invention incorporant deux appareils de séparation d'air est illustrée schématiquement dans la Figure 2.An installation according to the invention capable of operating a method according to the invention is illustrated schematically in Figure 1.
A second installation according to the invention incorporating two air separation devices is illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 2.

Un appareil de séparation d'air 1 comprend au moins deux colonnes de distillation cryogéniques (non-illustrées).Il peut par exemple comprendre trois colonnes, dont une colonne haute pression, une colonne basse pression et une colonne à pression intermédiaire. Un appareil de ce genre est décrit en EP-A-0538118. Alternativement ou additionellement il peut comprendre une colonne de mélange et/ou une colonne de production d'argon. Il produit du gaz enrichi en azote, habituellement désigné gaz résiduaire 3, un gaz enrichi en oxygène à une pression élevée 5, un autre gaz enrichi en azote 7 et éventuellement un ou des produits liquide(s) 9 et/ou un fluide enrichi en argon 11.An air separation device 1 comprises at least two cryogenic distillation columns (not shown). can for example include three columns, including a high pressure column, a low pressure column and an intermediate pressure column. A device of this genre is described in EP-A-0538118. Alternatively or additionally it can include a mixing column and / or an argon production column. It produces gas enriched in nitrogen, usually designated waste gas 3, a gas enriched in oxygen at a high pressure 5, another gas enriched in nitrogen 7 and possibly one or more products liquid (s) 9 and / or a fluid enriched in argon 11.

L'alimentation en air de cet appareil se fait à partir d'un ou plusieurs compresseurs d'air.The air supply to this device is from one or more air compressors.

Un premier compresseur d'air 13 fournit de l'air à l'appareil de séparation d'air 1 et à une première chambre de combustion 17, dont les gaz de combustion alimentent une première turbine de détente 19 qui génère de l'électricité.A first air compressor 13 supplies air to the air separation apparatus 1 and with a first chamber combustion 17, the combustion gases of which supply a first expansion turbine 19 which generates electricity.

Un deuxième compresseur d'air 15 fournit de l'air à l'appareil de séparation d'air 1 et à une deuxième chambre de combustion 23, dont les gaz de combustion alimentent une deuxième turbine de détente 25 qui génère de l'électricité. Un troisième compresseur d'air 21 fournit de l'air exclusivement à l'appareil de séparation d'air.A second air compressor 15 supplies air to the air separation unit 1 and a second chamber 23, the combustion gases of which supply a second expansion turbine 25 which generates electricity. A third air compressor 21 supplies air exclusively for the air separation unit.

En marche réduite l'appareil de séparation d'air 1 reçoit au moins 90% de son air du compresseur 21. In reduced operation the air separation unit 1 receives at least 90% of its air from compressor 21.

Les moyens pour refroidir l'air de la température de sortie des compresseurs 13,15 à une température voisine de l'ambiante en amont de l'appareil de séparation d'air 1 ne sont pas illustrés.Means for cooling the air from the temperature of compressor output 13.15 at a temperature close to the ambient upstream of the air separation device 1 does not are not illustrated.

Le gaz résiduaire 3 de l'appareil de séparation peut être envoyé en amont de la première et/ou la deuxième turbine, par exemple à la première et/ou à la deuxième chambre de combustion ou à l'entrée de la première et/ou la deuxième turbine.The waste gas 3 from the separation device can be sent before the first and / or second turbine, for example at the first and / or at the second combustion chamber or at the entrance to the first and / or the second turbine.

Optionnellement l'appareil peut comprendre des moyens de modification de pression du gaz résiduaire 3, tels que un ou des compresseurs 31,33,35 montrés en pointillés. De même, il peut y avoir un moyen de modification de pression 37 sur la ligne amenant l'air du compresseur 13 vers l'appareil de séparation d'air (ASU) 1 et/ou un moyen de modification de pression 39 sur la ligne amenant l'air du compresseur 15 vers l'ASU 1. Ce moyen peut être constitué par un compresseur, une vanne de détente ou une turbine. Il peut y avoir un moyen d'augmentation de pression 37 sur la ligne amenant l'air du compresseur 13 vers l'ASU 1 et/ou un moyen de réduction de pression 39 sur la ligne amenant l'air du compresseur 15 vers l'ASU 1 ou alternativement, un moyen de réduction de pression 37 sur la ligne amenant l'air du compresseur 13 vers l'ASU 1 et un moyen d'augmentation de pression 39 sur la ligne amenant l'air du compresseur 15 vers l'ASU 1.Optionally the device can include means pressure modification of the waste gas 3, such as one or more compressors 31, 33, 35 shown in dotted lines. Of even, there may be some way of changing pressure 37 on the line bringing air from compressor 13 to the air separation unit (ASU) 1 and / or a means of pressure modification 39 on the line bringing the air from compressor 15 to ASU 1. This means can be by a compressor, an expansion valve or a turbine. There may be a way to increase pressure 37 on the line bringing air from compressor 13 to ASU 1 and / or a pressure reduction means 39 on the line bringing air from compressor 15 to ASU 1 or alternatively, a pressure reduction means 37 on the line bringing air from compressor 13 to ASU 1 and a means pressure increase 39 on the line bringing the air from compressor 15 to ASU 1.

Le gaz sous pression enrichi en oxygène est de préférence envoyé à un ou plusieurs gazéifieurs où il sert à produire du carburant pour au moins une des chambres de combustion 17,23.The oxygen-enriched pressurized gas is preferably sent to one or more gasifiers where it is used to produce fuel for at least one of the combustion 17.23.

Les compresseurs 13,15,21 peuvent fournir de l'air à des pressions différentes, par exemple différent d'au moins 1 bar les uns des autres. Les débits aux pressions plus élevées peuvent être détendus à la pression plus basse afin d'épurer tous les débits d'air ensemble.
Les niveaux de charge des turbines à gaz peuvent être différents. The compressors 13, 15, 21 can supply air at different pressures, for example different from at least 1 bar from each other. The flow rates at higher pressures can be expanded to the lower pressure to purify all air flows together.
The load levels of gas turbines can be different.

Sinon, les débits peuvent être envoyés à des colonnes de l'ASU opérant à des pressions différentes et/ou épurés, chacun à leur pression optimale.Otherwise, debits can be sent to columns ASU operating at different and / or refined pressures, each at their optimum pressure.

Dans l'installation de la Figure 2 il y a deux appareils de séparation d'air 1,101, chacun ayant au moins deux colonnes de distillation et chacun ayant éventuellement sa propre boite froide.In the installation of Figure 2 there are two 1,101 air separation units, each having at least two distillation columns and each having possibly its own cold box.

L'appareil 1 produit les mêmes produits que ceux décrits ci-dessus : l'appareil 101 produit au moins de l'azote résiduaire 103 et du gaz enrichi en oxygène sous haute pression.Device 1 produces the same products as those described above: the apparatus 101 produces at least waste nitrogen 103 and oxygen-enriched gas under high pressure.

L'azote résiduaire 103 peut être envoyé à la première et/ou la deuxième chambre de combustion ou alternativement peut être rejeté à l'atmosphère, utilisé pour la régénération des épurations de premier et/ou deuxième appareils 1,101 ou utilisé autrement.Waste nitrogen 103 can be sent to the first and / or the second combustion chamber or alternatively may be released to the atmosphere, used for regeneration of first and / or second purges 1,101 devices or used otherwise.

L'oxygène 105 peut être envoyé à un autre gazéifieur 131, le gazéifier 31 ou un autre emploi, particulièrement si sa pureté est différente de celle de l'oxygène 5.Oxygen 105 can be sent to another gasifier 131, gasify it 31 or another job, particularly if its purity is different from that of oxygen 5.

L'appareil 101 est alimenté en air à partir d'un compresseur éventuellement dédié 121 et éventuellement à partir du premier compresseur 13 et/ou le deuxième compresseur 15 et/ou le compresseur dédié 21.The apparatus 101 is supplied with air from a possibly dedicated compressor 121 and possibly to from the first compressor 13 and / or the second compressor 15 and / or the dedicated compressor 21.

Optionnellement tel que montré à la Figure 1, l'installation peut comprendre des moyens de modification de pression du gaz résiduaire 3,103, tels que un ou des compresseurs. De même, il peut y avoir un moyen de modification de pression sur la ligne amenant l'air du compresseur 13 vers l'ASU 1 ou l'ASU 101 et/ou un moyen de modification de pression sur la ligne amenant l'air du compresseur 15 vers l'ASU 1 et/ou l'ASU 101. Ce moyen peut être constitué par un compresseur, une vanne de détente ou une turbine. Il peut y avoir un moyen d'augmentation de pression sur la ligne amenant l'air du compresseur 13 vers l'ASU 1 et/ou l'ASU 101 et/ou un moyen de réduction de pression 39 sur la ligne amenant l'air du compresseur 15 vers l'ASU 1 et/ou l'ASU 2 ou alternativement, un moyen de réduction de pression 37 sur la ligne amenant l'air du compresseur 13 vers l'ASU 1 et/ou l'ASU 101 et un moyen d'augmentation de pression 39 sur la ligne amenant l'air du compresseur 15 vers l'ASU 1 et/ou l'ASU 2.Optionally as shown in Figure 1, the installation may include means of modification 3.103 waste gas pressure, such as one or more compressors. Likewise, there may be a way to pressure modification on the line bringing air from compressor 13 to ASU 1 or ASU 101 and / or a means of pressure modification on the line bringing air from compressor 15 to ASU 1 and / or ASU 101. This means can be constituted by a compressor, an expansion valve or a turbine. There may be a way to increase pressure on the line bringing air from compressor 13 to ASU 1 and / or ASU 101 and / or a means of reducing pressure 39 on the line bringing the air from the compressor 15 to ASU 1 and / or ASU 2 or alternatively, a means of pressure reduction 37 on the line bringing the air from compressor 13 to ASU 1 and / or ASU 101 and a means pressure increase 39 on the line bringing the air from compressor 15 to ASU 1 and / or ASU 2.

Claims (28)

Procédé intégré de séparation d'air pour la production de fluide enrichi en oxygène et éventuellement de fluide enrichi en azote dans une installation comprenant au moins un premier appareil de séparation d'air (1) comprenant au moins deux colonnes de distillation, un premier compresseur d'air (13), une première chambre de combustion (17), une première turbine de détente (19), un deuxième compresseur d'air (15), une deuxième chambre de combustion (23) et une deuxième turbine de détente (25)et un troisième compresseur d'air (21) dans lequel de l'air comprimé est envoyé du premier compresseur d'air à la première chambre de combustion et au premier appareil de séparation d'air, de l'air comprimé est envoyé du deuxième compresseur d'air à la deuxième chambre de combustion et au premier appareil de séparation d'air, de l'air est envoyé du troisième compresseur d'air au premier appareil de séparation d'air, du gaz de combustion (27) est envoyé à la première turbine de détente à partir de la première chambre de combustion, du gaz de combustion (29) est envoyé à la deuxième turbine de détente à partir de la deuxième chambre de combustion et un gaz enrichi en azote (3), éventuellement pressurisé, est envoyé à partir du premier appareil de séparation d'air en amont de la première turbine de détente et/ou en amont de la deuxième turbine de détente.Integrated air separation process for production of oxygen-enriched fluid and possibly of nitrogen-enriched fluid in an installation comprising at least a first air separation device (1) comprising at least two distillation columns, one first air compressor (13), a first combustion (17), a first expansion turbine (19), a second air compressor (15), a second combustion (23) and a second expansion turbine (25) and a third air compressor (21) in which air tablet is sent from the first air compressor to the first combustion chamber and the first air separation, compressed air is sent from the second air compressor in the second combustion chamber and in the first air separation unit, air is sent from the third air compressor to the first unit of separation of air, combustion gas (27) is sent to the first expansion turbine from the first chamber combustion gas, combustion gas (29) is sent to the second expansion turbine from the second chamber combustion and a nitrogen-enriched gas (3), possibly pressurized, is sent from the first air separation device upstream of the first expansion turbine and / or upstream of the second turbine relaxation. Procédé selon la revendication 1 dans lequel au moins 20% du débit d'air traité par le premier appareil de séparation (1) en marche nominale provient du troisième compresseur (21).The method of claim 1 in which at least 20% of the air flow treated by the first separation device (1) in nominal operation comes from third compressor (21). Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3 dans lequel en marche réduite par rapport à la marche nominale, le premier appareil de séparation d'air (1) reçoit au moins 80% de son air du troisième compresseur (21).Method according to claim 2 or 3 in which in reduced operation compared to the nominal operation, the first air separation device (1) receives at least 80% of its air from the third compressor (21). Procédé selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3 dans lequel en marche nominale au plus 80% de l'air traité par le premier appareil de séparation d'air (1) provient du premier et/ou du deuxième compresseur (13,15).Method according to claim 1, 2 or 3 in which at nominal operation at most 80% of the treated air by the first air separation device (1) comes from first and / or second compressor (13,15). Procédé selon la revendication 4 dans lequel en marche nominale au plus 50% de l'air traité par le premier appareil de séparation d'air (1) provient du premier et/ou du deuxième compresseur (13,15).The method of claim 4 in which in nominal operation at most 50% of the air treated by the first air separation device (1) comes from first and / or second compressor (13,15). Procédé selon la revendication 5 dans lequel en marche nominale au plus 40% de l'air traité par le premier appareil de séparation d'air (1) provient d'au moins un des premier et deuxième compresseurs (13,15).The method of claim 5 in which in nominal operation at most 40% of the air treated by the first air separation device (1) comes from at least minus one of the first and second compressors (13,15). Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel de l'air comprimé est fourni à un deuxième appareil de séparation d'air (101), produisant au moins un fluide enrichi en oxygène et éventuellement au moins un fluide enrichi en azote, par au moins un des premiers et deuxième compresseur (13,15)et éventuellement par le troisième compresseur (21), et un gaz enrichi en azote (103) est envoyé du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente (19,25).Method according to one of the claims in which compressed air is supplied to a second air separation device (101), producing minus an oxygen-enriched fluid and possibly at least one fluid enriched in nitrogen, by at least one of first and second compressor (13,15) and possibly by the third compressor (21), and a gas enriched in nitrogen (103) is sent from the second separation device air upstream of at least one of the first and second expansion turbines (19,25). Procédé selon la revendication 7 dans lequel le même compresseur (21) envoie au moins 80% de l'air qu'il comprime exclusivement aux premier et/ou au deuxième appareils de séparation d'air (1,101).The method of claim 7 in which the same compressor (21) sends at least 80% of the air which it compresses exclusively on the first and / or the second air separation devices (1,101). Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le troisième compresseur (21) n'alimente pas de chambre de combustion et/ou n'alimente que le premier appareil de séparation d'air (1).Method according to one of the claims previous, in which the third compressor (21) does not supply a combustion chamber and / or does not supply than the first air separation device (1). Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel au moins un compresseur dédié (21,121) alimente au moins le deuxième appareil de séparation d'air(101).Method according to one of the claims previous in which at least one dedicated compressor (21,121) supplies at least the second apparatus for air separation (101). Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel l'air provenant d'au moins le premier compresseur (13) est détendu ou comprimé en amont du premier et/ou du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air (1,101). Method according to one of the claims in which air from at least the first compressor (13) is expanded or compressed upstream the first and / or second air separation device (1,101). Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel l'air provenant d'au moins le deuxième compresseur (15) est détendu ou comprimé en amont du premier et/ou du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air (1,101).Method according to one of the claims in which air from at least the second compressor (15) is expanded or compressed upstream the first and / or second air separation device (1,101). Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 et 12 dans lequel une turbine de détente d'air provenant d'un des premier, deuxième ou troisième compresseurs d'air (13,15,21,121) est couplée à un compresseur d'air provenant d'un autre des premier, deuxième ou troisième compresseurs d'air(13,15,21,121).Method according to one of claims 11 and 12 in which an air expansion turbine from one of the first, second or third air compressors (13,15,21,121) is coupled to an air compressor from from another of the first, second or third compressors air (13,15,21,121). Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel de l'air provenant du premier compresseur (13) est mélangé avec de l'air provenant du deuxième compresseur (15) et/ou de l'air provenant du troisième compresseur (21) avant d'être envoyé au premier appareil de séparation d'air (1), et de préférence avant d'être épuré dans une seule unité d'épuration en amont de l'appareil de séparation d'air.Method according to one of the claims in which air from the first compressor (13) is mixed with air from the second compressor (15) and / or air from third compressor (21) before being sent to the first air separation device (1), and preferably before to be treated in a single treatment unit upstream of the air separation unit. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel le gaz enrichi en azote (3) provenant du premier appareil de séparation d'air (1,101) est détendu ou comprimé en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente (19,25).Method according to one of the claims previous in which the nitrogen enriched gas (3) from the first air separation device (1,101) is relaxed or compressed upstream of at least one of the first and second expansion turbines (19,25). Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel le gaz enrichi en azote (103) provenant du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air (1,101) est détendu ou comprimé en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente (19,25).Method according to one of the claims previous in which the nitrogen enriched gas (103) from the second air separation unit (1,101) is relaxed or compressed upstream of at least one of the first and second expansion turbines (19,25). Procédé selon les revendications 15 et 16 dans lequel une turbine de détente de gaz enrichi en azote provenant d'un des appareil de séparation d'air est couplée avec un compresseur de gaz enrichi en azote provenant de l'autre appareil de séparation d'air.Method according to claims 15 and 16 in which a nitrogen-enriched gas expansion turbine from one of the air separation devices is coupled with a nitrogen-enriched gas compressor from the other air separation unit. Installation intégrée de séparation d'air comprenant au moins un premier appareil de séparation d'air ( 1,101 ) produisant un fluide enrichi en oxygène et éventuellement un fluide enrichi en azote, comprenant au moins deux colonnes de distillation, un premier compresseur d'air (13), une première chambre de combustion (17), une première turbine de détente (19), un deuxième compresseur d'air (15), une deuxième chambre de combustion (23) et une deuxième turbine de détente (25)et un troisième compresseur d'air (21), des moyens pour envoyer de l'air comprimé du premier compresseur d'air à la première chambre de combustion et au premier appareil de séparation d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air comprimé du deuxième compresseur d'air à la deuxième chambre de combustion et au premier appareil de séparation d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air du troisième compresseur d'air au premier appareil de séparation d'air, des moyens pour envoyer du gaz de combustion (27) à la première turbine de détente à partir de la première chambre de combustion, des moyens pour envoyer du gaz de combustion (29) à la deuxième turbine de détente à partir de la deuxième chambre de combustion et des moyens pour envoyer un gaz enrichi en azote (3) du premier appareil de séparation d'air en amont de la première turbine de détente et/ou en amont de la deuxième turbine de détente.Integrated air separation system comprising at least a first air separation device (1,101) producing a fluid enriched in oxygen and optionally a nitrogen-enriched fluid, comprising at least minus two distillation columns, a first compressor air (13), a first combustion chamber (17), a first expansion turbine (19), a second compressor air (15), a second combustion chamber (23) and a second expansion turbine (25) and a third compressor air (21), means for sending compressed air from the first air compressor to the first chamber of combustion and at the first air separation unit, means for sending compressed air from the second air compressor in the second combustion chamber and in the first air separation device, means for send air from the third air compressor to first air separation device, means for send combustion gas (27) to the first turbine expansion from the first combustion chamber, means for sending combustion gas (29) to the second expansion turbine from the second chamber of combustion and means for sending a gas enriched in nitrogen (3) from the first air separation unit upstream of the first expansion turbine and / or upstream of the second expansion turbine. Installation selon la revendication 18 comprenant un deuxième appareil de séparation d'air (101) produisant un fluide enrichi en oxygène et éventuellement un fluide enrichi en azote,, des moyens pour fournir de l'air comprimé au deuxième appareil de séparation d'air par au moins un des premiers et deuxième compresseurs (13,15) et des moyens pour envoyer un gaz enrichi en azote (103) du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente.Installation according to claim 18 comprising a second air separation device (101) producing a fluid enriched in oxygen and possibly a nitrogen-enriched fluid, means for providing compressed air to the second air separation device by at least one of the first and second compressors (13,15) and means for sending a nitrogen-enriched gas (103) from the second air separation device upstream of one at minus the first and second expansion turbines. Installation selon la revendication 18 ou 19 dans laquelle le même compresseur (21) est relié pour envoyer de l'air au premier et au deuxième appareils de séparation d'air.Installation according to claim 18 or 19 in which the same compressor (21) is connected for send air to the first and second devices of air separation. Installation selon l'une des revendications 18 à 20, dans lequel le troisième compresseur ( 21 ) n'est pas relié à une chambre de combustion et/ou n'est relié qu'au premier appareil de séparation d'air (1). Installation according to one of the claims 18 to 20, in which the third compressor (21) is not not connected to a combustion chamber and / or is not connected than the first air separation device (1). Installation selon l'une des revendications 18 à 21 dans lequel un compresseur dédié (121) est relié au deuxième appareil de séparation d'air.Installation according to one of the claims 18 to 21 in which a dedicated compressor (121) is connected to the second air separation unit. Installation selon l'une des revendications 18 à 22 comprenant des moyens (37,39) pour détendre ou comprimer l'air provenant du premier compresseur en amont du premier et/ou du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air.Installation according to one of the claims 18 to 22 comprising means (37,39) for relaxing or compress the air from the first compressor upstream the first and / or second air separation device. Installation selon l'une des revendications 18 à 23 comprenant des moyens (37,39) pour détendre ou comprimer l'air provenant du deuxième compresseur en amont du premier et/ou du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air.Installation according to one of the claims 18 to 23 comprising means (37,39) for relaxing or compress the air from the second compressor upstream the first and / or second air separation device. Installation selon les revendications 23 et 24 comprenant au moins une turbine de détente, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air d'un des premier et deuxième compresseurs à la turbine, un compresseur, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air de l'autre des premier et deuxième compresseurs à la turbine et des moyens de couplage entre la turbine et le compresseur.Installation according to claims 23 and 24 comprising at least one expansion turbine, means to send air from one of the first and second turbine compressors, a compressor, means for send air from each other first and second turbine compressors and coupling means between the turbine and the compressor. Installation selon l'une des revendications 18 à 25 comprenant des moyens (31,33,35) pour détendre ou comprimer le gaz enrichi en azote provenant du premier appareil de séparation d'air en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente.Installation according to one of the claims 18 to 25 comprising means (31,33,35) for relaxing or compress the nitrogen-enriched gas from the first air separation device upstream of at least one of the first and second expansion turbines. Installation selon l'une des revendications 18 à 26 comprenant des moyens (31,33,35) pour détendre ou comprimer le gaz enrichi en azote provenant du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air en amont d'une au moins des première et deuxième turbines de détente.Installation according to one of the claims 18 to 26 comprising means (31,33,35) for relaxing or compress the nitrogen-enriched gas from the second air separation device upstream of at least one of the first and second expansion turbines. Installation selon les revendications 26 et 27 comprenant au moins une turbine de détente, des moyens pour envoyer du gaz enrichi en azote d'un des premier et deuxième appareils de séparation d'air à la turbine, un compresseur, des moyens pour envoyer du gaz enrichi en azote de l'autre des premier et deuxième appareil de séparation d'air à la turbine et des moyens de couplage entre la turbine et le compresseur.Installation according to claims 26 and 27 comprising at least one expansion turbine, means to send nitrogen enriched gas from one of the first and second air separation devices at the turbine, one compressor, means for sending gas enriched in nitrogen from the other of the first and second apparatus of separation of air from the turbine and coupling means between the turbine and the compressor.
EP01403287A 2001-01-12 2001-12-18 Integrated process for air separation and energy generation Expired - Lifetime EP1223396B2 (en)

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FR2819583A1 (en) 2002-07-19
ES2218353T5 (en) 2013-07-03
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US20020092305A1 (en) 2002-07-18
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ATE264488T1 (en) 2004-04-15
EP1223396B1 (en) 2004-04-14
JP2002250586A (en) 2002-09-06

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