EP1218614A1

EP1218614A1 - Window and method for producing the same

Info

Publication number: EP1218614A1
Application number: EP00964268A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Manfred Hampel
Original assignee: ZOELLNER RONALD; HAMPEL ZOELLNER; Hampel-Zollner Gesellschaft fur Klassisches Fenster-Design Mbh
Current assignee: ZOELLNER RONALD
Priority date: 1999-09-30
Filing date: 2000-10-02
Publication date: 2002-07-03
Anticipated expiration: 2020-10-02
Also published as: AU7524700A; DE19947108A1; DE50014848D1; ATE380918T1; EP1218614B1; WO2001023699A1

Abstract

An inventive window, comprising a window frame (3) to be fixed in a wall, at least one window wing (2) mounted in said frame and at least one transparent pane (4) in said window wing, is characterized in that the window wing consists of two jointless wing casements (2a, 2b) which are permanently interconnected and hold the pane (4) between them in a form fit, in the main plane of the window.

Description

Windows and process for their manufacture

I. Field of application

The invention relates to windows as they are provided in buildings for the purpose of incidence of light and the possibility of opening (ventilation and escape routes).

II. Technical background

Such windows consist of a frame-shaped window frame fixed in the masonry as well as a window sash, which is mounted in it via hinges or other fitting parts and therefore movable, which in turn surrounds the transparent pane accommodated therein in a frame shape.

Traditionally, the opaque parts, i.e. the window sash or the window frame, are made of wood and are connected to each other by metal fittings.

In addition, windows have increasingly established themselves, the sashes or sticks of which are usually hollow, plastic profiles, mostly consisting of PVC, or metal profiles, mostly consisting of aluminum.

Regardless of the material used so far, the frame-shaped wings or sticks are always composed of deflected, usually mitred, profiles, which are mitred via connecting elements connected or simply glued together. Even with the traditional method of manufacturing from wood, the stick and sash are created from individual profiles and fixed to one another by interlocking (mortising) and gluing. In windows made of wood, the pane is fixed by means of so-called glass retaining strips, in that - viewed in cross-section - the pane - today mostly an at least two-layer glass pane with a sealed gas or air volume in between - from one side, usually the inside, inserted in a corresponding rebate of the finished window sash and the glass retaining strips were attached from the other side and fixed, mostly nailed, radially outwards relative to the window sash. The individual glass retaining strips are mitred in the corners and adjoin each other.

In the case of plastic or metal windows, the panes are either fixed by means of analog glass retaining strips, which only consist of the appropriate material (plastic or aluminum), or rubber profiles that accommodate the pane, which are dimensioned sufficiently strong and have a sufficiently high rigidity to hold the relatively heavy insulating glass pane in the To hold wings.

However, this procedure has considerable disadvantages:

The manufacture of the frame-shaped parts from individual profiles and connections in the corner area is time-consuming and personnel-intensive and, furthermore, is the weak point of the construction with regard to the tightness of the target path and durability of the connection. In particular, the attachment of glass retaining strips is time-consuming, often only to be carried out manually and, particularly in the case of wood, optically not always satisfactory solutions can be found, both with regard to the gaping of joints and the fixing elements.

Furthermore, the painting in the desired color of the user is usually made of a material that does not correspond to the base material used for the window sash or window frame, so that the painting is done solely by the opaque window parts a material mix is created, which makes recycling the window difficult, if not impossible. Furthermore, especially with wood, the now legally required thermal insulation values of a window can hardly be achieved, or only with cross sections of the window sash and window frame, which are very large and thus - in addition to the necessary stability of the window - on the one hand the manufacturing costs due to the higher Increase the need for material unnecessarily and, from a visual point of view, result in window frames that are too wide compared to the window panes.

III. Presentation of the invention

a) Technical task

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a window and a method for its manufacture and assembly which, despite fulfilling the necessary thermal insulation, can be produced quickly and therefore inexpensively, has a long service life, and has a positive tactile sensation and good optical formability and yet a good recyclability.

b) solving the problem

This object is solved by the characterizing features of claims 1, 15 and 25. Advantageous embodiments result from the subclaims.

The fact that the window frame and / or the window sash - apart from the retrofitted pane - is each made as a one-piece, seamless frame part, possibly with additional rungs, weatherstrips, etc. sitting on the glass, only need for final assembly two such frame parts are fixed against each other, which is usually by means of locking, or not detachable at all by means of surface gluing. In the window sash, the panes are also held in a form-fitting manner between the two sash frames. If the window frame has a kind of window frame including soffit and window sill, which sits on the front of the wall, this frame can also be integrally formed on the outer frame or there is only a single one-piece frame with molded frame.

This drastically reduces the assembly times compared to the conventional design, i.e. manufacturing from profile beams and connections in the corner areas, subsequent insertion of the panes transversely to their main level and fixation by means of glass retaining strips that have to be nailed or screwed, or by rubber profiles etc.

Since the usual primary molding processes, i.e. injection molding and casting processes, can be used in one-piece production, the price of producing these individual parts is reduced, especially in the case of large series production.

The disadvantage of the possibly lacking flexibility in the dimensions is offset by a standardized grid of the lengths and widths of the windows and by a shape that is preferably variable in terms of length and width of the window by interposing several extensions or. Widening fittings, which can also contain fighters, additional rungs and the like.

Such a window is particularly inexpensive to manufacture if the frame-shaped parts of the cane and sashes are cast or injection molded from plastic and in particular from solid plastic and not from hollow material, and in particular the same material with the same physical parameters throughout the entire cross-section, with regard to density and thermal conductivity is used. In general, the production takes place by entering two components in a z. B. closed on all sides chemical reaction of the two components with volume increase and thereby pressure in the mold occurs. As a result, the end product can have a higher density at the edge of the cross section, in particular approximately 20% higher density than in the central region.

Polyurethane (PUR) is preferably used, since this offers the additional advantage that the adhesives then required for gluing such parts as well as paints for painting the parts are based on the same basic material, namely polyurethane, and thus lacquered or glued parts do not have a material mix but represent a uniform material. Windows of this type are therefore easily recyclable due to the fact that only metal (fittings) and glass (pane) are present in addition to the polyurethane. When such old windows are shredded, metal can be removed using a metal separator, while the heavy glass is separated from the lighter plastic by the influence of gravity.

The PUR construction material used here is in particular not a polyurethane that is actively foamed by the addition of gas, but rather a comparatively heavy but nevertheless thermally insulating and mechanically very stable material that is produced by casting two components.

In the manufacture of the window, the individual, self-contained and seamlessly manufactured frame parts on the one hand of the window sash and on the other hand, if necessary, the window frame are glued to one another, and in the case of the window sash, the pane, usually an insulating glass pane or several thereof, is interposed and thus positively received, since the frames overlap the individual panes pointing radially inwards to such an extent that it is no longer possible to remove the panes transversely to the main plane of the window, that is to say the panes. The fittings are either screwed into the solid PUR construction material as is conventional or screwed in under certain circumstances during the manufacture of these molded parts.

The window frame is fixed in the masonry of the building - alone or with the window sash already attached. It is easily possible with the above invention, integral on the masonry projecting outer frame parts, fleeces etc. directly on the floor, so that such a window can be inserted into the finished plastered and painted building from the outside in the wall opening and then fixed , so that the painting and plastering can go much faster and cheaper.

In the case of the window frame, it is useful to divide it into individual frames that are joined parallel to the main level and glue them against each other, since this means that additional equipment such as sun protection elements, wind protection elements, rain protection elements, safety elements and the like is already provided with regard to the receiving rooms or already assembled, especially in the outer frame can be included. By attaching different outer stick frames to the same inner stick frame, windows with different functions and different architectural styles can be easily combined.

Nevertheless, it may also make sense not to manufacture the entire window sash or window frame from two frames placed against each other and subsequently connected to each other, but to produce them in one piece by casting or foaming. In the case of the window sash, the glass provided must already be inserted when foaming.

Furthermore, if two frame parts are placed against each other, it can be useful to have another frame made of a higher frame in between

Material providing stability as the material of the other frame parts between increase, i.e. either cast in with a frame part or fasten between them when the two frame parts are fixed.

In order not to complicate the advantage of easier recycling - i.e. after scraping a window that is no longer required, removing the metal parts with a magnet, sinking the heavy glass parts downwards and vacuuming or fishing off the lighter plastic parts above - the reinforcing frame should also preferably be used one of these three materials, i.e. usually the material of the fittings, namely metal.

When fixing the two frame parts against each other, locking only made sense in partial areas of the circumference instead of gluing or circumferential locking, since this improves the rear ventilation of the window and in particular the pane.

c) working examples

An embodiment according to the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures. Show it:

1: a built-in window from the outside of the building,

2: a vertical section through the window of FIG. 1 along the line INI,

Fig. 3: a partial horizontal section through the window of Fig. 1 along the line III-III, and

Fig. 4: a horizontal section through the central area of a two-leaf

Window. Fig. 1 shows a fully assembled window with a window frame 3 and attached, visible window sash 2, in which in this case several panes 4 are accommodated. The window frame 3 has a fighter 13, which passes under the uppermost panes 4 from the left to the right vertical leg of the window frame 3.

While the usual variant, namely the arrangement of the window frame 3 in a wall opening 14 of the masonry 12, is shown in the left half of FIG. 1, the right half of FIG. 1 shows a solution in which the window frame 13 - in the manner of a window frame - Overlaps the front of the masonry 12 on the outside and sits on this front with an outwardly projecting leg 3 ', which is, however, an integral part of the window frame 3.

The weatherstrip 6 is also not fixedly arranged on the window sash 2 as a separate component, but rather also as an integral component.

FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through the upper and lower end region of the window of FIG. 1.

The window sash 2 can be opened inwards in relation to the window frame 3 and lies in corresponding folds of the window frame 3 via a molded seal 11a. Compared to conventional window constructions, however, the window sash 2 - viewed in the cross section of the representations in FIGS. 2-4, however - consists of two sash-shaped window frames 2a, 2b which are cast or injection molded into one another in a frame-like manner without joints, and which are parallel to the main plane 10 of the window , that is to say the course of the glass surfaces, are adhesively bonded to one another over an adhesive 15, and in corresponding, mutually directed folds, the insulating glass pane 4, which consists of the individual panes 4a and 4b and the circumferential seal 4c located between them, in a form-fitting manner between them, with the interposition of a molded seal 11 b. The weather bar 6 is also an integral, one-piece component of the outer wing frame 2a. Both sash frames 2a, 2b thus overlap the pane 4 radially inwards to such an extent that it is not possible to remove the pane 4 inwards or outwards without destroying the window sash 2, in particular its adhesive point 15.

Thus, there are no separate glass holding strips, but these are integral to e.g. B. the inner wing frame 2b molded radially inward projections with the desired contour design. The window frame 3 can - as shown in the lower half of the picture - be a one-piece circumferential frame-shaped part, which in turn is also seamless, that is to say without any subsequently closed connection points at the corners, by original molds, just like the sash frame of the window sash.

Drain openings or drain pipes 16 have preferably been molded in during manufacture or glued in later.

As shown in the upper area of FIG. 2, the window frame 3, on the other hand, can also be assembled from two frame frames 3a, 3b, in particular by means of adhesive 15 being glued flat in the main plane 10. This has the advantage that different outer floor frames 3a can be used, which - depending on the customer's request - contain certain equipment expansions, for example the sun blind 5 shown in a corresponding cavity of this outer floor frame 3a.

In particular, the connection level between the two floor frames 3a and 3b takes place in the outermost contact surface between window sash 2 and window frame 3.

FIG. 3 shows a partial horizontal section through the window of FIG. 1, again with a one-piece window frame 3 and with the molded part seal 11 being omitted. dividing, rung, but consists of on the outside and inside of the pane 4 rungs 7a, 7b. These rung strips 7a, 7b are in turn an integral, one-piece component of the sash frames 3a, 3b, and are thus bonded to the pane 4 by gluing these sash frames 3a, 3b to the adhesive point 15, which is preferably parallel to the main plane 10 of the window pressed, again with intermediate arrangement preferably a molded part seal 11c or 11c '.

Furthermore, the two sash frames 3a, 3b are not glued to one another here, but instead are positively fixed to one another by means of a plurality of latching elements 99 distributed over the circumference. This is a latching element which can be pressed into corresponding recesses, that is to say blind holes or grooves, of the sash frame 3a, 3b and have barbs, so that these barbs hook into the material of the wall of the recesses.

In Fig. 3, the window frame is shown as a one-piece frame 3.

Fig. 4 shows a horizontal section through a window with two mutually supported window sashes 2, 2 '.

The individual wings in turn consist of wing frames 2a, 2b or 2a ', 2b', which are formed as seamless, one-piece parts and then firmly, inseparably connected to one another in the main plane, in particular glued by means of adhesive 15. The outer and inner blow bars 8a, 8b, with which the window casements 2 and 2 'overlap on the outside or inside, on the other hand, are fastened as separate individual parts on the outside or inside, for example screwed or glued. This has the advantage that the corresponding window sash 2 or 2 'can also be used as a single-leaf window in a corresponding window block, not shown, without a blow bar 8a or 8b, so that the number of individual elements to be produced and stored is thereby reduced. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 window 9, 9 'metal frame

2 window sashes 10 main level

2a, 2b wing frame 11a, 11b molded part seals

3 window stick 12 wall 3a, 3b stick frame 20 13 fighters

Disc 14 wall opening

5 roller blinds 15 adhesive

6 weather bars 16 drain pipes

7 rung 99 locking elements a, 8b blow bars

Claims

1. Window (1) with a window frame (3) to be fixed in the masonry, at least one window sash (2) mounted therein, at least one transparent pane (4) in the window sash (2), characterized in that the window sash (2) consists of two seamless wing frame (2a, 2b), which are firmly connected and the disc (4) in the main plane (10) of the

Hold the window (1) positively between you.

2. Window according to claim 1, characterized in that the window frame (3) consists of two seamlessly produced frame frames (3a, 3b) which are firmly connected to each other, and of which at least the inner frame frame (3b) for Anchoring in the masonry serves.

3. Window according to claim 2, characterized in that equipment extensions of the window (1), in particular a weather protection blind or a sun protection blind (5) are arranged in the outer floor frame (3a).

4. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that only the outer floor frame (3a) viewed from the outside of the window overlaps the window sash (2) towards the center.

5. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the weather leg (6) is an integral, one-piece component of the outer casement frame (2a).

6. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

Glass separating strips (7) which run across the pane (4) are an integral part of the respective sash frame (2a, 2b).

7. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

Inverted strips (8a, 8b) are separate components placed on the sash frame (2a or 2b).

8. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sash frame (2a, 2b) or the stick frame (3a, 3b) are locked against one another and sealed against one another via seals.

9. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sash frame (2a, 2b) or the stick frame (3a, 3b) are non-detachably connected to one another, in particular are adhesively bonded to one another, and in particular the adhesive used on the same Base material as the material of the frame is based.

10. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one window sash (2) and / or the window frame (3) are painted and the paint is at least partially made of the same material as the window sash (2) or the window frame ( 3) exist.

11. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wing frame (2a, 2b) or the stick frame (3a, 3b) as molded parts or

Cast parts are made of solid plastic parts.

12. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a metal frame (9) or (9 ') is arranged circumferentially between the casement frame (2a, 2b) and / or between the floor frame (3a, 3b) ,

13. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal frame (9) between the window sashes (2a, 2b) is so far out that fitting elements for fastening the window sash (2) to the window frame (3) on it arranged, in particular screwed or welded, are.

14. Window according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the disc (4) between the wing frame (2a, 2b) with the interposition of a molded part seal, in particular made of rubber-like material, is sealed.

15. Window (1) with a window frame (3) to be fixed in the masonry, at least one window sash (2) mounted therein, at least one transparent pane (4) in the window sash (2), characterized in that at least the sash (2) is made of Polyurethane (PUR), especially made of PUR construction materials.

16. Window according to claim 15, characterized in that the PUR construction material is a cast or injection-molded material.

17. Window according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the individual parts of the window made of PUR over their entire cross-section of the same material with essentially the same physical parameters see, in particular the same specific weight.

18. Window according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the PUR construction material has a λ value of <0.10 W / m K, in particular less than 0.08 W / m K, in particular less than 0 , 07 W / m K.

19. Window according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the PUR has a density between 400 and 600 kg / m ³ , in particular between 450 and 550 kg / m ³ .

20. Window according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the PUR has a nominal compressive strength of more than 8.0 N / m ² , in particular of more than 11, 0 N / m ² , in particular of more than 14.0 N / m ² .

21. Window according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the PUR has a permissible permanent load of more than 1.6 N / m ² , in particular of more than 1.9 N / m ² , in particular of more than 2.2 N / m ² .

22. Window according to one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that the PUR construction material can be processed by means of the same material-removing processes (planing, milling, grinding) and tools as solid wood.

23. Window according to one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that the window consists exclusively of the materials PUR, metal and the material of the pane (4).

24. Window according to one of claims 15 to 23, characterized in that the PUR construction material consists at least partially of recycled, milled PUR, which was obtained in particular from recycled PUR windows.

25. A method for producing and assembling a window with a window frame (3) to be fixed in the masonry, at least one window sash (2) mounted therein, at least one transparent pane (4) in the window sash

(2), characterized in that the non-transparent individual parts of the window (1) as a frame (2a, 2b, 3a, 3b) are produced in an injection molding or casting process in an all-round form, the sash frame (2a, 2b ) with the interposition of the pane (4) and possibly other parts, in particular fitting parts, can be fixed against each other, and the window sash (2) is fastened to the stick frame by means of the fitting parts.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that before the assembly of the window, the non-transparent individual parts are painted separately, in particular dip-coated, in particular the frame (2a, 2b) or (3a, 3b) painted in different colors before connecting and if necessary, be sanded beforehand.

27. The method according to any one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that before the wing (2) is attached to the stick (3), molded seals (11a, 11b) are arranged in a form-fitting manner in the cavities provided, in particular grooves, in particular the window stick (3) become.

28. The method according to any one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the window frame consisting of at least two floor frames (3a, 3b) is completed before positioning and fastening in the masonry by fixing the floor frames (3a, 3b) against one another.

29. The method according to any one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the window frame (3), in particular the outer floor frame (3a) overlaps the window cavity of the masonry radially outwards and at least the complete window frame (3), in particular the completely assembled window (1) is inserted from the outside into the masonry opening of the finished surface-coated masonry until the window frame (3) lies against the outside of the wall in the vicinity of the wall opening.

30. The method according to any one of the preceding method claims, characterized in that the production of the opaque individual parts of the window (1) takes place in a shape, the length and width of which - viewed in the main plane (10) of the window - is variable, in particular through the modular interposition of extension molded parts.