Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
  • C09B62/00—Reactive dyes, i.e. dyes which form covalent bonds with the substrates or which polymerise with themselves
  • C09B62/02—Reactive dyes, i.e. dyes which form covalent bonds with the substrates or which polymerise with themselves with the reactive group directly attached to a heterocyclic ring
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K8/4906—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K8/494—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K8/494—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
  • A61K8/4953—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom containing pyrimidine ring derivatives, e.g. minoxidil
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K8/494—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with more than one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
  • A61K8/4966—Triazines or their condensed derivatives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/06—Preparations for styling the hair, e.g. by temporary shaping or colouring
  • A61Q5/065—Preparations for temporary colouring the hair, e.g. direct dyes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
  • A61Q5/10—Preparations for permanently dyeing the hair
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/42—Colour properties
  • A61K2800/43—Pigments; Dyes
  • A61K2800/438—Thermochromatic; Photochromic; Phototropic

Definitions

• the present invention relates to reactive dye compounds.
• the present invention relates to reactive dye compounds having improved dye-bath Exhaustion (E) and improved dye-fibre covalent Fixation (F).
• Reactive dye compounds are known in the art for dyeing various substrates.
• substrates include for example proteinaceous materials such as keratin, e.g. found in hair, skin and nails and various animal body parts such as horns, hooves and feathers, and other naturally occurring protein containing materials, e.g. silk and saccharide-derived materials such as those derived from cellulose or cellulose derivatives, e.g. natural products such as cotton, and synthetic fibres such as polyamides.
• Examples of classes of such reactive dyes which are well known in the art include dyes containing a mono- or dichloro- or fluoro- 1,3,5-triazinyl group, trichloro or mono- or di- fluoro-pyrimidyl group, beta-halogen-propionyl group, beta-halogenoethyl-sulphonyl group, beta-halogenoethylsulphamyl group, chloroacetyl amino, beta-(chloro-methyl)- beta-sulphatoethylsulphamyl group, or a vinyl sulphonyl group.
• the Journal of Macromoleular Chemistry 64 (1977), 205-210 discloses the polymerisation of acrylomt ⁇ le in dimethylformamide in the presence of some unsaturated t ⁇ azine derivatives.
• the Journal of Macromolecular Chemistry 50 (1976) 1-8 discloses the polymerization of styrene in the presence of some coloured anthraquinone and azode ⁇ vatives of 1,3,5-tr ⁇ az ⁇ ne, containing a group able to copolyme ⁇ ze.
• the Fixation Value (F) of a reactive dye compound is a measure of the extent of covalent bonding with the substrate based on the dye originally absorbed during the dyemg process Thus 100% Fixation means that 100% of the absorbed dye covalently bonds to the substrate
• a high Fixation Value can result in a simplification of the post dyeing "soaping off process" traditionally associated with fibre reactive dye compounds.
• a high Fixation Value can result in a reduced time spent on the "soaping off process” together with a reduced cost.
• a new class of fibre reactive dye compounds comprising a nitrogen-containing heterocycle substituted with at least one substituent derived from a hydrated aldehyde, a hydrated ketone, a hydrated alpha-hydroxy ketone, such as for example the hydrated forms of sucrose or glucose and the hydrated form of formic acid, and linked via one of its oxygen atoms to the nitrogen-containing heterocycle thereby forming a hemiacetal, exhibit significantly increased values of Exhaustion (E) and Fixation (F).
• E Exhaustion
• F Fixation
• the compounds of the present invention provide significantly more intense dyeings, and can be used for both high and low temperature dyeing, hence reducing the cost of the dyeing process.
• the compounds of the present invention can be used together with specific chromophores for cellulose substrate dyeing leading to significantly reduced levels of salt needed for dyeing.
• a reactive dye compound comprising:
• a linking group to link each chromophore moiety to each nitrogen-containing heterocycle characterised in that at least one nitrogen-containing heterocycle is substituted with at least one Y group wherein Y is derived from a hydrated aldehyde, a hydrated ketone, a hydrated alpha-hydroxy ketone, or the hydrated form of formic acid, and linked via one of its oxygen atoms to the nitrogen-containing heterocycle thereby forming a hemiacetal.
• the compounds of the present invention exhibit increased Exhaustion (E) and Fixation (F) values and provide improvements in terms of reducing spent dyestuff in effluent, increasing dye affinity to the substrate, increasing the efficiency of the dye-substrate covalent reaction, ability to carry out the long-liquor dyeing process at room temperature as well as at elevated temperatures, and simplifying the post dyeing "soaping off process" traditionally associated with fibre reactive dyes.
• the compounds of the present invention provide significantly more intense dyeings, i.e. greater colour intensity in the dyed substrate, without compromising levelness.
• Typical Exhaustion Values for the compounds and products herein are greater than 95%.
• Typical Fixation Values for the compounds and products herein are greater than 95%.
• reactive dye means a dye containing one or more reactive groups, capable of forming covalent bonds with the substrate to be dyed, or a dye which forms such a reactive group in situ.
• Exhaustion in relation to reactive dyes means the percentage of dye which is transferred from a solution of the dye to the substrate to be treated at the end of the dyeing process, before rinsing and soaping. Thus 100% Exhaustion means that 100% of the dye is transferred from the dye solution to the substrate. Typical Exhaustion Values for the dye compounds herein are > 95%.
• the term "Fixation" in relation to reactive dyes means the percentage of dye which covalently bonds with the substrate, based on the dye originally absorbed during the dyeing process. Thus 100% Fixation means that 100% of the dye absorbed is covalently bonded with the substrate. Typical Fixation Values for the dye compounds herein are 95%.
• the total efficiency of reactive dyes can be measured by their Efficiency Value (T) which can be calculated from the Exhaustion Value (E) and Fixation Value (F) using the following equation:
• the compounds of the present invention comprise a chromophoric moiety and a nitrogen- containing heterocycle linked via a linking group.
• the nitrogen-containing heterocycle is substituted by at least one Y group wherein Y is derived from a hydrated aldehyde, a hydrated ketone, a hydrated alpha-hydroxy ketone or the hydrated form of formic acid, and linked via one of its oxygen atoms to the nitrogen-containing heterocycle thereby forming a hemiacetal.
• the reactive dye compounds herein can comprise one or more chromophoric moieties (D or D'). In reactive dye compounds comprising two or more chromophoric moieties these can be the same or different. Preferably the reactive dye compounds herein comprise from one to three chromophoric moieties.
• chromophoric moieties suitable for use for dyeing substrates can be used in the present invention.
• chromophore as used herein means any photoactive compound and includes any coloured or non-coloured light absorbing species, eg. fluorescent brighteners, UV absorbers, IR absorbing dyes.
• Suitable chromophoric moieties for use in the dye compounds herein include the radicals of monoazo, disazo or polyazo dyes or of heavy metal complex azo dye derived therefrom or of an anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, formazan, azomethine, dioxazine, phenazine, stilbene, triphenylmethane, xanthene, thioxanthene, nitroaryl, naphthoquinone, pyrenequinone or perylenetetracarbimide dye.
• Suitable chromophoric moieties for use in the dye compounds herein include those disclosed in EP-A-0,735,107 (Ciba-Geigy), incorporated herein by reference, including the radicals described therein which contain substituents customary for organic dyes, such as sulphonate substituents which enhance the water-soluble properties of the dye compound.
• chromophoric D or D' groups for use herein are polysulphonated azo chromophores such as those present in Procion (RTM) dyes commercially available from BASF, Drimalan (RTM) dyes commercially available from Clariant, Drimarene (RTM) dyes commercially available from Clariant, Levafix (RTM) dyes commercially available from Dystar and Sumifix supra (RTM) dyes commercially available from Sumitomo.
• RTM Procion
• Drimalan (RTM) dyes commercially available from Clariant
• Drimarene (RTM) dyes commercially available from Clariant
• Levafix (RTM) dyes commercially available from Dystar
• Sumifix supra (RTM) dyes commercially available from Sumitomo.
• the reactive dyes of the present invention comprise at least one nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moiety.
• reactive dye compounds containing two or more nitrogen- containing heterocycles these can be the same or different.
• the reactive dye compounds herein comprise from one to three nitrogen-containing heterocycles.
• At least one of the nitrogen-containing heterocycle moieties herein is substituted with at least one Y group defined below.
• Suitable nitrogen-containing heterocycles for use herein include monocyclic, bicyclic or polycyclic, unsaturated heterocycles containing at least one nitrogen heteroatom.
• monocyclic rings are used, they are preferably selected from unsaturated rings having from about 3 to about 7 ring atoms, especially 5 or 6 ring atoms, comprising from about 1 to about 3 nitrogen heteroatoms, preferably 2 or 3 nitrogen heteroatoms.
• bicyclic heterocycles When bicyclic heterocycles are used, they preferably comprise an unsaturated nitrogen containing heterocycle having 3 to 7 ring atoms, preferably an unsaturated nitrogen containing heterocycle having 5 or 6 ring atoms comprising 1 or 2 nitrogen atoms, fused to a 5 to 7 membered carbocycle preferably a 6-membered unsaturated carbocycle.
• the oxy- or thio- carbonyl substituents are preferably attached to the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring.
• Preferred for use herein are 5 or 6 membered unsaturated nitrogen-containing monocyclic heterocyclic rings comprising 2 or 3 nitrogen heteroatoms or bicyclic rings containing a 5 or 6 membered unsaturated heterocyclic ring containing 2 nitrogen heteroatom fused to a 6 membered unsaturated carbocycle.
• heterocycles for use herein include, but are not necessarily limited to triazine, pyrimidine, quinoxaline, pyrimidinone, phthalazine, pyridazone and pyrazine.
• Preferred for use in the compounds herein are triazine, pyrimidine and quinoxaline.
• the compounds herein further comprise a linking moiety to link each nitrogen-containing heterocycle to each chromophoric moiety.
• Any linking moieties suitable for use in dyeing substrates can be used in the present invention.
• a preferred linking moiety is NR, preferably where R is H or C1-C4 alkyl, more preferably where R is H or CH3, especially
• Substituent Y The nitrogen-containing heterocycle is substituted with at least one Y group wherein Y is is derived from a hydrated aldehyde, a hydrated ketone, a hydrated alpha-hydroxy ketone or the hydrated form of formic acid, and linked via one of its oxygen atoms to the nitrogen-containing heterocycle thereby forming a hemiacetal.
• Y groups herein are the hydrated form of an aldehyde or ketone.
• the Y group is derived from a hydrated from of a reducing sugar selected from an aldose or a ketose.
• Suitable aldose materials for use herin include an aldotriose, an aldotetrose, an aldopentose, an aldohexose, an aldoheptose and an aldooctose, and mixtures thereof.
• a preferred aldose material for use herein is an aldopentose material, preferably selected from ribose, xylose, arabinose, deoxyribose and fructose and mixtures thereof.
• Another preferred aldose material for use herein is an aldohexose material, preferably selected from glucose, galactose, talose, mannose, altrose, allose and rhamnose, and mixtures thereof.
• Hydrated isomers of sucrose or glucose can be formed by acid hydrolysis of sucrose and glucose, respectively.
• a preferred Y group herein is a group derived from the hydrated isomer of sucrose or glucose, namely -O-(CHOH) 4 (CHOHCH 2 OH).
• Suitable ketose materials for use herein include an aldotetrulose, an aldopentulose, an aldoheptulose, an aldooctulose and mixtures thereof.
• Particularly preferred Y groups herein are groups derived from saccharide molecules such as sucrose and glucose, and the like, which have been hydrolysed to their hydrated forms.
• a preferred Y group herein is a group derived from the hydrated isomer of sucrose or glucose, namely -O-(CHOH)4(CHOHCH2OH). Hydrated isomers of sucrose and glucose can be formed by acid hydrolysis of sucrose and glucose, respectively. When saccharides such as sucrose and glucose are subjected to acid hydrolysis they can also form a polymeric structure and hence in that case the Y group would also be polymeric.
• Another preferred Y group is derived from the hydrated form of formic acid, (eg. - CH(OH)(OH)), which can also be polymeric.
• Preferred reactive dye compounds of the present invention may be represented by the following formula (I):
• D is a chromophoric group
• R is H or C C 4 alkyl which can be substituted by halogen, hydroxyl, cyano, C C alkoxy, C 2 -C 5 alkoxycarbonyl, carboxyl, sulfamoyl, sulfo, sulfato;
• Z is a nitrogen-containing heterocycle
• Y is as defined above;
• R and R may be the same of different and may be selected from C,-C 4 alkyl
• n 1 or 2 (depending on the Z group, for example m is 1 when Z is triazine and m is 2 when Z is pyrimidine).
• Suitable thio-derivatives for use herein include, but are not necessarily limited to groups having the formula SR' wherein R is selected from H or alkyl or preferably short chain alkyl (preferably less than about 6 carbon atoms), alkanol, alkyl carboxylate, alkylamide, alkylsulphonate, alkyl phosphonate, alkyl thiosulphonate, alkylamine, alkyl thiosulphate, aryl sulphonate, aryl carboxylate, aryl phosphate, aryl amine, cyanates, sulphonates, branched alkyl thio carboxylates, branched alkanol thiols, guanides, alkyl- ⁇ -amino- ⁇ - carboxylate, (di) thio alkyl esters of glycerol, alkyl thiol alkyl esters of glycerol, alkyl esters, mono thio die
• R' is selected from alkyl carboxylates, alkanols and alkylamines.
• suitable thio-derivatives include SR' groups where R' is selected from C1-C4 alkyl, (CH2)nCOOH, (CH2) n CONH2, (CH2) n SO 3 H, (CH2) n COOM, (CH2) n PO3H,
• n is an integer in the range of 1 to 4 wherein within the same molecule n is not necessarily the same integer; and M is a cation of alkaline earth metal, alkali metal, NH4 or NR"3 and wherein R" is C C 4 alkyl.
• Preferred thio-derivatives for use herein have the formula SR' wherein R' is (CH 2 ) n COOH, (CH 2 ) n OH, and (COOH)CH2CH2(COOH) ; wherein n is an integer from 1 to 4.
• Suitable quaternized nitrogen derivatives for use herein can be represented by Q+ wherein Q is selected from amines, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen containing heterocycles having from about 3 to about 8 ring members and comprising at least one nitrogen heteroatom.
• Q is selected from amines, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen containing heterocycles having from about 3 to about 8 ring members and comprising at least one nitrogen heteroatom.
• Preferred substituents are carboxylates, amides, C r C 4 alkyl and alkyl carboxylates.
• Q groups selected from:
• R" is C1-C4 alkyl and n is an integer of from 1 to 4.
• Particularly preferred quatemized nitrogen derivatives for use herein are nicotinate, diazabicyclooctane (DABCO), dimethyl aminobetaine and isonicotinate, especially nicotinate.
• DABCO diazabicyclooctane
• dimethyl aminobetaine dimethyl aminobetaine
• isonicotinate especially nicotinate.
• the quatemized nitrogen derivative is attached to the nitrogen-containing heterocycle via its quaternary nitrogen atom.
• R* is an organic residue which comprises at least one nucleophilic group.
• nucleophilic group means a negative ion or any neutral molecule that has an unshared electron pair.
• Suitable R* groups for use herein are alkyl or aryl residues which contain at least one nucleophilic group.
• the R* groups herein are selected from the following groups each substituted with or containing at least one nucleophilic group: substituted or unsubstituted, straight chain or branched chain C ⁇ -C 8 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted straight chain or branched chain C 2 -C 8 alkenyl having at least one olefinic group, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated or aromatic 3-9 atom monocyclic carbocycle or substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated or aromatic 7-17 polycyclic carbocycle, substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated or aromatic 3-9 atom monocyclic heterocycle or substituted or unsubstituted, saturated or unsaturated or aromatic 7-17 atom polycyclic heterocycle, wherein said heterocycles each have one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N or S.
• substituents include, but are not limited to, those listed in C. Hansch and A. Leo, Substituent Constants for Correlation Analysis in Chemistry and Biology (1979), hereby incorporated by reference herein.
• Preferred substituents include, but are not limited to, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, oxo, amino, aminoalkyl (e.g.aminomethyl, etc.), cyano, halo, carboxy, alkoxyacetyl (e.g.
• R* groups for use herein include, but are not limited to, CF3, (CH2)nSH, (CH2) n NH2, CH(CH3)OH, C(OH)(CH2COOH)2, CH2C(OH)(CO2H)CH2COOH, (CH2)nNHR ⁇ , CH2NR1R2, CH2NHNH2, CH2NHOH, CH2SMe, CH(NH2)(CH2)n(COOH), CH(NH2)CH2SMe, CH(NH2)CH2SSCH2CH(NH2)COOH, 2-aminophenyl, 2-hydroxynaphthyl, 2-pyrrolidyl, CH2SSCH2CO3-, (CH2)n-SO3", CH(NH2)CH2SO3H, C6H4OH, C6H4COOH, C6H4NH2, C5H4N, (CH2) n C5H4N, CH(R#)NH2, (CH2)n-SSO3 " , (CH2)n-S-S-(CH2)n,
• R* is CH(CH3)O(CO)CH(CH3)OH
• R# corresponds to an amino acid sidechain.
• Preferred R* groups for use herein are selected from (CH2) n SH, (CH 2 ) n NH 2 , C 5 H 4 N, CH(CH 3 )OH, C(OH)(CH 2 COOH) 2 , CH(R#)NH 2, CH 2 C(OH)(COOH)CH 2 COOH, CH(CH 3 )OH, CH(OH)CH 2 COOH, CH 2 C(H)(OH)COOH, C(H)(OH)C(H)(OH)COOH, C 6 H 4 OH, C 6 H 4 NH 2 and C 5 HUN.
• R* groups herein are groups derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids such as citric acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, salicylic acid, and the like, including structural isomers thereof (eg. in the case of citric acid R* can be C(OH)(CH 2 COOH) 2 and CH 2 C(OH)(COOH)CH 2 COOH) and polymers thereof (eg. in the case of polymerisation of two lactic acid molecules R* is CH(CH 3 )O(CO)CH(CH 3 )OH.
• Particularly preferred R* group from the viewpoint of providing reactive dye compounds having excellent dye properties are those derived from citric acid, including C(OH)(CH 2 COOH) 2 and CH 2 C(OH)(COOH)CH 2 COOH. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the case of unsymmetrical compounds having more than one carboxylic acid group, for example, citric acid and malic acid, that a mixture of dye compounds will be obtained due to there being different carboxylic acid reactive groups in the molecule which can attach to the heterocyclic ring.
• R* groups which are hydroxy-terminated such as for example lactic acid or citric acid
• polyester formation via reaction of the lactic acid moiety (or citric acid) with another lactic acid (or citric acid) moiety.
• the R* group would be CH(CH 3 )O(CO)CH(CH 3 )OH.
• a mixture of dye compounds can be obtained, for example in the case of citric acid, there could be two different isomers of these depending on which carboxylic acid group attaches to the heterocyclic ring and compounds formed from a citric acid polymer.
• Preferred X groups include Y, SR", halogen (preferably F or Cl), NR"H, NR"2, OR", COOH, SCN, SSO3, SO3, NR1R2, CN, N3, quatemized nitrogen derivatives Q+, wherein R" is C1-C8 alkyl, or aryl and wherein Q, Rl and R2 are as defined above, and oxy-carbonyl and thio-carbonyl groups.
• X groups for use herein are Y, halogen (fluorine and chlorine), quatemized nitrogen derivatives and oxy-carbonyl groups.
• a particularly preferred reactive dye compound of the present invention wherein the Y group in formula (I) above is derived from glucose has the following structure la:
• the Y group formed from glucose in structure la above may also be polymeric, since when the hydrated form of glucose is prepared via acid hydrolysis of glucose, a polymer may be formed.
• Another preferred reactive dye compound of the present invention wherein the Y group is derived from the hydrated form of formic acid in formula (I) above has the following structure lb.
• the Y group formed from formic acid can also be polymeric.
• dyes having the formula (I) can be prepared by reacting suitable precursors of the dye of formula (I) with one another, at least one of which contains a group D-L-Z, wherein D, L and Z are as defined above, and at least one of which contains a Y group wherein Y is as defined above, such as for example the hydrated form of a saccharide material such as sucrose or glucose, or the hydrated form of formic acid, and at least one of which contains an X group.
• suitable precursors of the dye of formula (I) with one another, at least one of which contains a group D-L-Z, wherein D, L and Z are as defined above, and at least one of which contains a Y group wherein Y is as defined above, such as for example the hydrated form of a saccharide material such as sucrose or glucose, or the hydrated form of formic acid, and at least one of which contains an X group.
• X is halogen
• the halogen is part of the Z group in the starting materials
• dye compounds of the invention having a formula (I) wherein Z is a triazine heterocycle can be prepared by reacting one mole of dichlorotriazine dye, such as those commercially available from BASF under the trade name Procion MX (RTM), with one mole of a suitable reactant containing a Y group such as the hydrated form of a saccharide molecule such as sucrose and glucose, and then reacting the intermediate dye compounds obtained with one mole of a suitable reactant containing an X group.
• RTM Procion MX
• a suitable reactant containing a Y group such as the hydrated form of a saccharide molecule such as sucrose and glucose
• Dye compounds of the invention having a formula (I) wherein Z is a pyrimidine heterocycle can be prepared by reacting a difluoromonochloro pyrimidine dyes such as those commercially available from Clariant under the trade names Drimalan F (RTM) and Drimarene R or K (RTM), or a trichloropyrimidine dyes such as those commercially available from Clariant under the trade name Drimarene X, with a suitable reactant containing a Y group and then reacting the intermediate dye obtained with a suitable reactant containing an X group.
• a difluoromonochloro pyrimidine dyes such as those commercially available from Clariant under the trade names Drimalan F (RTM) and Drimarene R or K (RTM)
• Drimarene X a trichloropyrimidine dyes
• X is halogen
• the halogen is part of the starting material containing the Z group, e.g. difluoromonochloropyrimidine or trichloropyrimidine, and no separate reaction with a reactant containing an X group needs to be carried out.
• X is equal to Y (e.g. bis-saccharide compounds) then one mole of difluoromonochloro pyrimidine dye can be reacted with two moles of a suitable reactant containing a Y group.
• dye compounds of the invention having a formula (I) wherein Z is a pyrimidine heterocycle can also be prepared by reacting a difluoromonochloropyrimidine dye such as those commercially available from Clariant under the tradenames Drimalan F (RTM) and Drimarene R or K (RTM), or a trichloropyrimidine dye such as those commercially available from Clariant under the trade name Drimarene X, with a suitable reactant containing a Y group and then reacting the intermediate dye obtained with a suitable reactant containing an X' group.
• a difluoromonochloropyrimidine dye such as those commercially available from Clariant under the tradenames Drimalan F (RTM) and Drimarene R or K (RTM)
• Drimarene X trichloropyrimidine dye
• Dye compounds of the invention having a formula (I) wherein Z is a quinoxaline heterocycle can be prepared by reacting a dichloroquinoxaline dye such as those commercially available from Dystar under the tradename Levafix E (RTM), with a suitable reactant containing a Y group and then reacting the intermediate dye obtained with a suitable reactant containing an X group.
• RTM Levafix E
• X halogen
• the halogen is part of the starting material containing the Z group, e.g. dichloroquinoxaline, and no separate reaction with a reactant containing an X group needs to be carried out.
• mixtures of different dye compounds may be obtained in the final product, such mixtures containing for example products formed from further substitution reactions, structural isomers and the like.
• the product obtainable by any of the processes detailed herein.
• the product obtainable by a process wherein the process comprises the steps of reacting a first starting material (preferably one mole) with a second starting material (preferably one mole), the first starting material comprising at least one chromophore, at least one nitrogen-containing heterocycle and a linking group to link each chromophore to each nitrogen-containing heterocycle (for example a Procion MX dye), the second starting material being a compound containing a suitable Y group, such as for example, the hydrated form of a saccharide material, preferably sucrose or glucose.
• the saccharide material is converted to its hydrated form before being reacted with the first starting material. This is preferably done by acid hydrolysis of the saccharide material. Acid hydrolysis can also give polymeric structures such that the Y substituent is polymeric.
• An alternative preparation process includes, but is not limited to, the following reaction:
• reaction is carried out at a pH of between about 2 to about 8, preferably about 3 to about 5. It is also preferably that the second starting material is added to the first starting material slowly and dropwise, preferably over several hours, preferably over 1 to 5 hours, more preferably over 1-3 hours.
• the dye compounds herein are suitable for dyeing and printing a wide variety of substrates, such as silk, leather, wool, polyamide fibres and polyurethanes, keratin fibres such as hair, and in particular cellulosic materials, such as the natural cellulose fibres, cotton, linen, hemp and the like, paper, and also cellulose itself and regenerated cellulose, wood, and hydroxyl-containing fibres contained in blend fabrics, for example blends of cotton with polyester or polyamide fibres.
• substrates such as silk, leather, wool, polyamide fibres and polyurethanes, keratin fibres such as hair
• cellulosic materials such as the natural cellulose fibres, cotton, linen, hemp and the like, paper, and also cellulose itself and regenerated cellulose, wood, and hydroxyl-containing fibres contained in blend fabrics, for example blends of cotton with polyester or polyamide fibres.
• the dye compounds of the present invention can be applied and fixed to the substrate in various ways, in particular in the form of a solid mixture, aqueous dye solutions and printing pastes.
• a dye composition comprising one or more of the dye compounds described herein together with any carrier material suitable for use in a dye composition.
• Preferred dye compositions herein comprise an acidic or neutral buffer material. Any acidic buffer suitable for use in reactive dye compositions can be used herein.
• An example of a suitable buffer is a mixed phosphate buffer.
• a preferred ingredient is a thickening agent. Any suitable thickening agents suitable for use in reactive dye compositions can be used herein.
• the dye composition when the dye composition is in the form of an aqueous solution or aqueous gel/paste, the dye composition preferably has a pH of from about 2 to about 8.
• the dye composition When acidic buffers are used the dye composition preferably has a pH of from about 2 to about 5, especially from about 2 to about 3.
• the dye composition When neutral buffers are used, the dye composition preferably has a pH of from about 4 to about 8, preferably from about 6 to about 8.
• the dyeing and printing processes which can be used with the dyes herein are conventional processes which are well known and which have been widely described in the technical and patent literature.
• the dye compounds herein are suitable for dyeing cotton both by the exhaust method (long liquor) and also by various pad-dyeing methods, whereby the goods are impregnated with aqueous, salt-containing or salt-free dye solutions and the dye is fixed after an alkali treatment or in the presence of alkali, if appropriate with the application of heat.
• the dye compounds herein are also suitable for the cold pad-batch method, in which the dye together with the alkali is applied at the pad- mangle melting point and then fixed by several hours of storage at room temperature.
• the dyeings are thoroughly rinsed with cold and hot water, if appropriate with the addition of an agent acting as a dispersant and promoting the diffusion of the non-fixed portions.
• the dyes of the present invention are also suitable for use in a number of other processes such as pad-steam and pad-bake and the like, promoting the diffusion of the non-fixed portions.
• a preferred dyeing process is as follows.
• a mixture of dyes is prepared comprising dyes according to the present invention together with direct dyes.
• the reactive dyes are fixed at a temperature of 100°C and the direct dyes are fixed at a temperature of 130°C. Uniform dyeing of the cotton blend is obtained.
• the reactive dyes of the present invention for dyeing and printing substrates such as cotton, wool, nylon, silk, keratin, hair, leather, paper and the like.
• the compounds herein can be used in methods of dyeing all of the substrates listed above by applying an aqueous solution of one or more of the reactive dyes of the present invention to the substrate to be dyed under suitable conditions of pH and temperature.
• the starting compounds and components given in the examples below can be used in the form of the free acid or in the form of their salts with alkali metal cations. It is to be understood that mixtures of compounds may be obtained in the final product. In the Examples below the starting materials are all commercially available. Procion (RTM) dyes are available from BASF UK, P.O.
• Drimarene (RTM) and Drimalan (RTM) dyes are available from Clariant (Switzerland) Ltd., R&D Dyestuffs, Post Box, Building 88/1007, CH-4002 Basel, Cibacron (RTM) dyes are available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc., R&D, Textile Dyes Division, K-410.312, CH-4002 Basel, and Levafix (RTM) dyes are commercially available from Dystar Textilmaschine, GmbH & Co. Deutschland KG, BU-R/F & E, Werk Hochst, Building G834, D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
• the reactive dye compounds of the present examples are prepared as follows. _Yg of pure Starting Dye is dissolved in 150ml of distilled water in a 400ml flask. The temperature of the reaction system is adjusted and maintained aty°C. The pH of the starting dye solution is adjusted to z using solid sodium carbonate. Ag of sugar is dissolved in 50ml of distilled water. The pH of this sugar solution is adjusted to b and the sugar acid hydrolysis continues at ambient temperature for 30-35 minutes as shown below.
• the hydrolysed sugar solution is slowly added into the solution of starting dye.
• the rate of addition is such that the addition takes around c hours to complete.
• the temperature of the reaction system is maintained at d°C.
• the reaction is allowed to continue for e hours.
• the endpoint of the reaction is indicated by the pH of the reaction system remaining constant for more than 5 minutes. At this point the final dye is obtained.
• KSCN about 25% of the total solution
• Filtration using Whatman filter paper is then carried out.
• Table I displays Examples 1 to 4 together with reaction conditions y,z,b,c,d and e, amounts of material x and a, colour of final product Starting Dye, Final Dye and type of sugar.
• Drimarene dyes A possible synthetic mechanism for the reaction of the Drimarene dyes with glucose in its hydrated form is as follows:
• Y groups in the reaction above can be polymeric as mentioned above, for example in the case of acid hydrolysis of sucrose or glucose.
• the compounds prepared according to Examples 1 to 4 and at standard depths all have high Exhaustion Values, high Fixation Values, particularly on cellulosic substrates such as cotton, and show significant improvements in terms of reducing spent dyestuff in effluent, increasing dye affinity to the substrate, increasing the dye-substrate covalent bonding, increasing the ability to dye substrates at room temperature, decreasing the amount of dye that is removed during the post dyeing "soaping off process” and therefore simplifying the post dyeing "soaping off process” traditionally associated with dyeing cotton with fibre reactive dyes and reduction of staining of adjacent white fabrics.
• the compounds prepared above provide more intense dyeings and require less levels of salt for dyeing cotton substrates.
• All dye compounds prepared according to Examples 1 to 4 can be used to dye cotton using the dyeing procedures detailed below. After the cotton dyeing procedure has been carried out a soaping-off process can also be carried out on the cotton fibre.
• An aqueous dye solution is prepared containing a dye compound according to any of Examples 1 to 4.
• the dye solution contains 1% on mass of fibre of dye, 80g/L Na2SO4 and 5% on mass of fibre of sodium acetate.
• the cotton fabrics are soaked in water and then the cotton fabrics are dyed in the above dye-bath at pH 7 at 25°C for 15 minutes.
• the dyed cotton fabric is then fixed in the dye-bath at pH 11.5 with addition of 30g/L of trisodium phosphate and dyeing continued at 25 °C for 45 minutes.
• the dyed fabric is rinsed with water.
• a soaping off process can then be carried out by washing the dyed fabrics with an aqueous solution of Sandozine NIE (2g/L) (available from Clariant (Switzerland) Ltd., R&D Dyestuffs, Post Box, Building 88/1007, CH-4002 Basel) at 100°C for 30 minutes.
• Sandozine NIE 2g/L
• Clariant Clariant (Switzerland) Ltd., R&D Dyestuffs, Post Box, Building 88/1007, CH-4002 Basel
• the E, F and T values of the dyes according to the present invention are typically higher than many of the commercially available starting materials.
• the F and T values of the dyes according to the present invention are significantly higher than those of the commercially available starting materials.
• the dyed fabrics are washed with an aqueous solution containing ECE Reference Detergent (5g/ml) and sodium carbonate (2g/ml) at 60°C for 30 minutes.
• ECE Reference Detergent 5g/ml
• sodium carbonate 2g/ml
• All dye compounds prepared according to Examples 1 to 4 can be used to dye nylon or wool using the dyeing procedures detailed below. After the nylon/wool dyeing procedure has been carried out a wash-test procedure can be carried out on the dyed fabric to test the wash-fastness of the dye compounds.
• the wool/nylon fabric is soaked in a 2% w/w Alcopol-O (40% w/w sodium-d- isooctylsulpho- succinate commercially available from Allied Colloids) solution.
• the fabric is then dyed for 1 hour at 100°C and pH 3.5 in a dye-bath containing the following compositions: 1.2% on mass of fibre of dye prepared according to any of Examples 1 to 4, 5% on mass of fibre of sodium acetate, 1% Albegal B (commercially available from Ciba).
• the dyed wool/nylon fabric was then rinsed with water.
• the dyed wool/nylon fabric is washed in an aqueous solution containing 5g/L of ECE Reference Detergent (commercially available from the Society of Dyers and Colourists, Bradford, UK) at 50°C for 45 minutes.
• ECE Reference Detergent commercially available from the Society of Dyers and Colourists, Bradford, UK

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