EP1218298A1 - Verfahren zur aufbereitung von klärschlamm, gülle, jauche, in chemietoiletten (toilettenhäuschen) gesammelten menschlichen fäkalien od. dgl. - Google Patents
Verfahren zur aufbereitung von klärschlamm, gülle, jauche, in chemietoiletten (toilettenhäuschen) gesammelten menschlichen fäkalien od. dgl.Info
- Publication number
- EP1218298A1 EP1218298A1 EP00969225A EP00969225A EP1218298A1 EP 1218298 A1 EP1218298 A1 EP 1218298A1 EP 00969225 A EP00969225 A EP 00969225A EP 00969225 A EP00969225 A EP 00969225A EP 1218298 A1 EP1218298 A1 EP 1218298A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- collected
- liquid manure
- sewage sludge
- liquid
- toilets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007714 electro crystallization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000295644 Staphylococcaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003439 heavy metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003071 polychlorinated biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 244000045561 useful plants Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/465—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electroflotation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/463—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrocoagulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/005—Black water originating from toilets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for the treatment and detoxification of sewage sludge, liquid manure, liquid manure, human feces or the like collected in chemical toilets (toilet houses).
- the sewage sludge ordinance (AbfKlärV), the fertilizer ordinances of the federal states and the technical support of the Chamber of Agriculture guarantee a high level of safety in recycling and the material safety.
- the provisions include B. Restrictions on the amount applied per hectare, time restrictions on application and bids and prohibitions in relation to the fertilization of certain areas. If the stipulated provisions are adhered to, no harmful effects on the soil, natural balance and useful plants need to be taken care of.
- sewage sludge is also classified as secondary raw material fertilizer and may be used as organic NP or NPK fertilizer depending on the nutrient composition be placed on the market.
- the secondary raw material fertilizer made from sewage sludge must be labeled in the same way as a mineral fertilizer in accordance with the requirements of the Fertilizer Ordinance.
- the agricultural utilization of the sewage sludge is, however, limited due to the lack of nearby, suitable agricultural areas, especially in conurbations.
- some of the sewage sludge is not suitable for use in agriculture due to its content of pollutants from commercial wastewater. These sludges cannot then be used in recultivation measures, since roughly the same quality standards are applied here. Disposal must then be carried out via e.g. Hazardous waste landfills with known high costs.
- a particular problem is fecal matter from toilet houses, which is also known to a high degree. These are either untreated or mixed with chemicals for odor removal and disinfection. This organic waste is removed from the individual toilet houses and collected centrally. The collected waste is fed to the receiving water of the sewage treatment plants without further treatment and accordingly pollutes the municipal wastewater. This is also reflected in the fees that have to be paid for the introduction. After treatment in the sewage treatment plant, the faeces are in the sewage sludge.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a safe, fast and inexpensive method for processing, in particular cleaning.
- This task is solved in a surprisingly simple and effective manner with a process, the core of which is the application of an electroflotation process to the sewage sludge, the manure, the liquid manure, the human faeces (including additives such as colorants and disinfectants) collected in chemical toilets (toilet houses) .
- a process the core of which is the application of an electroflotation process to the sewage sludge, the manure, the liquid manure, the human faeces (including additives such as colorants and disinfectants) collected in chemical toilets (toilet houses) .
- additives such as colorants and disinfectants
- COD chemical oxygen requirement
- the sewage sludge, the manure, the liquid manure, the human feces or the like collected in chemical toilets (toilet houses) is detoxified in a cost-effective, simple manner and can then be used for agriculture.
- the process ensures a cost-effective reduction in the amount of sewage sludge, liquid manure, liquid manure, human feces or the like collected in chemical toilets (toilet houses). Disposal via hazardous waste landfills is no longer necessary.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic flow diagram of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows schematically the processes in the electroflotation reactor.
- the sewage sludge 1 is collected in a storage tank 2. This avoids strong fluctuations in the composition.
- a conductivity measurement 3 takes place in this container 2 in order to achieve an optimal reaction and energy utilization.
- the salinity has a decisive impact on the conductivity of water.
- the ions of the salts serve as charge carriers. If the conductivity of the solution is too low, it can be salted with sodium chloride (NaCl), e.g. B. by mixing the salt with pure water and the feed tank or through a metering feed pump the supply line is supplied.
- NaCl sodium chloride
- salting is usually not necessary.
- a pH value measurement 4 and, if necessary, a pH value correction must be carried out.
- a suitable acid 6 or alkali 7 is introduced by means of a metering pump unit 5 as a function of the value measured in the storage container 2.
- An existing neutralization device can be integrated into the system. The process sequence is set by a PLC (programmable logic controller) so that when the pH values are reached, the waste water is fed to the reactor for treatment.
- the raw water 8 pretreated in the storage container 2 is fed into the electroflotation reactor 10 by a quantity-controllable pump 9.
- the pump 9 is switched in such a way that it delivers depending on the reactor function, the fill level in the storage tank 2 and the determined pH value 4.
- Alarm messages are available for all reactor and storage tank functions, which switch the system off immediately if necessary. All variable switching commands are implemented by the free programmable logic controller.
- the cathode side (pole) 12 can be made of any conductive material, for example stainless steel.
- a direct current is applied for the electrolysis, the current intensity of which depends on the electrical conductivity of the solution, the distance between the electrodes 11 and the loading of the solution with pollutants. Since the distance between the electrodes remains the same and the other sizes cannot be influenced, the voltage is changed in order to achieve a constant cleaning effect.
- electrocrystallization If a metallic surface is built up or broken down during an electrochemical process, this is referred to as electrocrystallization.
- electroflotation consciously working with a metal dissolution.
- the aluminum or iron anodes serve as sacrificial anodes, that is, they are consumables that are degraded by electrolysis. The consumption is approx. 10 -20 g AI or 7 - 15 g Fe per m 3 waste water. Aluminum and iron get into the solution as cations.
- the released oxygen is very aggressive and oxidizes the contaminants in the wastewater, especially the heavy metals, extremely intensely.
- the released hydrogen has a reducing effect.
- Exemplary reactions are:
- the material of the anode immersed in the solution is oxidized.
- the aluminum reacts to the very surface-rich aluminum oxide (ALO 3 ), which forms large-volume flakes with good adsorption capacity and binds the heavy metals.
- iron in the aqueous solution protolyzes over several intermediate steps to water-containing iron hydroxide [Fe (OH)] and to iron (I ⁇ I) oxide
- the current has a special effect on the chemical oxidation process between the electrodes.
- the charge exchange between the electrodes takes place through the electrolytes present in the solution.
- the ions exchange electrons at the interface of the electrodes. which causes the current to be transported from cathode to anode.
- the flakes formed act in the electroflotation system during the precipitation in the same way as in the chemical precipitation process.
- the resulting hydrogen forms very fine bubbles Gas bubbles that prevent the oxidized, bound metals from sinking and drive the flakes to the water surface.
- the reactor consists of a rectangular tube in a container.
- a ripening foam bed 13 is formed above the tube, and there is clear water underneath.
- the heavy metal oxide-containing foam flows continuously via a foam drain 20 into a downstream flock basin or is pumped out during the batch process.
- the clear water 14 is free of pollutants and can be supplied to the public sewer network or other processes 19 as service water after a quality control 18 without any further treatment or treatment. If the quality, e.g. B. because of very heavily loaded sewage sludge, the water 14 can also be recirculated back into the storage tank 2.
- the reactor pool is equipped with a sloping floor for the sale of coarse dirt particles.
- the pump suction line is also secured with a strainer insert.
- the treated wastewater is pumped into the filtration stage 16 from the flock tank (buffer tank) 15.
- electroflotation also removes other pollutants from the sewage sludge.
- separation of oil emulsions is also possible in the presence of surfactants. Since the emulsion is exposed to an electric field, a final coagulation of the oil particles quickly occurs through the formation of larger drops.
- the flocculated metal ions also bind any solids that may be present and also float. This process is additionally supported by the adhering gas bubbles.
- oxidizable mineral salts e.g. sulfides, metal salts in low oxidation states
- the filtration of the flocculated wastewater is usually carried out in chamber filter presses 16, but a filter barrel can also be used in smaller systems.
- a filter barrel can also be used in smaller systems.
- the filter cake has a water content of 60% to 40% in the minimum case.
- it has a significantly lower weight volume than a filtrate after conventional wastewater treatment. This is 1.5 to 2 times higher and therefore more expensive in conventional processes.
- the heavy metals originally contained in the sewage sludge are oxidized or broken down and are no longer environmentally relevant when used in agriculture. A wash out in the ground or a further reaction is no longer possible. As a result, the resulting filtrate 17 is easy to dispose of or can be recycled.
- the filtrate can also be disposed of with household waste and is therefore inexpensive to dispose of.
- the disposal on a hazardous waste landfill z. B. 400-800 DM / m 3 costs, while the disposal on a landfill with a price of z. B. 84
- DM / m 3 is significantly cheaper. By reducing the harmfulness of the sewage sludge, the procedure thus takes into account the waste law avoidance requirement (cf. ⁇ 4 Para. 1, No. KrWVAbfG).
- the sewage sludge is therefore separated into a clear solution and flakes that can be dried using a filter press.
- the weight of the sewage sludge is thus reduced to a fraction.
- the heavy metal pollution of the wastewater was considerably reduced by flocculation and flotation.
- the remaining solution is free of heavy metals and has significantly reduced COD, BOD. Ammonium nitrate and total phosphate values. Typical values can be found in the table below:
- Typical values for the treatment of faecal waste water e.g. the table below shows the toilet house.
- the described method according to the invention can be implemented in a wide range of plant sizes and variants.
- the specialist in processing and process engineering will select the appropriate system components such as reactors, electrodes, pumps, control units etc. as well as dimensions, building materials etc. from those available on the market. In this way, plant sizes with a throughput of approx. 100 - 3000 1 / h can be realized even for small and medium-sized companies.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1999/002775 WO2001017911A1 (de) | 1999-09-02 | 1999-09-02 | Verfahren zur aufbereitung von klärschlamm, gülle, jauche od. dgl. durch anwendung einer elektroflotation |
| DE9902775U | 1999-09-02 | ||
| DE10004045A DE10004045A1 (de) | 1999-09-02 | 2000-01-31 | Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Klärschlamm, Gülle, Jauche, in Chemietoiletten (Toilettenhäuschen) gesammelten menchlichen Fäkalien od. dgl. |
| DE10004045 | 2000-01-31 | ||
| PCT/DE2000/003014 WO2001017912A1 (de) | 1999-09-02 | 2000-09-01 | Verfahren zur aufbereitung von klärschlamm, gülle, jauche, in chemietoiletten (toilettenhäuschen) gesammelten menschlichen fäkalien od. dgl. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1218298A1 true EP1218298A1 (de) | 2002-07-03 |
Family
ID=25963003
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00969225A Withdrawn EP1218298A1 (de) | 1999-09-02 | 2000-09-01 | Verfahren zur aufbereitung von klärschlamm, gülle, jauche, in chemietoiletten (toilettenhäuschen) gesammelten menschlichen fäkalien od. dgl. |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1218298A1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU7901700A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10004045A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2001017912A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5894862A (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1999-04-20 | Vickers, Incorporated | Hydraulic damper |
| KR20020094706A (ko) * | 2001-06-13 | 2002-12-18 | 한무영 | 전해부상에 의한 축산폐수에서의 유기부유물 제거방법 |
| DE10250533A1 (de) | 2002-10-29 | 2004-05-13 | JÜSSEN, Armin | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Gülle mittels Elektroflotation |
| DE10259997B4 (de) * | 2002-12-20 | 2007-09-13 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Flugzeugtoilettensystem |
| DE102007033994A1 (de) * | 2007-07-19 | 2009-01-22 | GVS Gesellschaft für Verwertungssysteme GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Behandlung von menschlichen Fäkalien und Sanitärlösungen |
| US20090020479A1 (en) * | 2007-07-19 | 2009-01-22 | Gvs Gesellschaft Fur Verwertungssysteme Gmbh | Device and method for treatment of waste products including feces |
| DE102013103468B4 (de) * | 2013-04-08 | 2018-10-25 | Envirochemie Gmbh | Reinigen von Abwasser schwankender elektrolytischer Leitfähigkeit mittels Elektroflotation |
| CN111573920B (zh) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-04-15 | 宁波中车时代电气设备有限公司 | 一种车载吊挂式高浓度污水处理装置 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3822204A (en) * | 1966-10-06 | 1974-07-02 | Fmc Corp | Method and apparatus for separation of sludge |
| US4179347A (en) * | 1978-02-28 | 1979-12-18 | Omnipure, Inc. | System for electrocatalytic treatment of waste water streams |
| NL9301440A (nl) * | 1993-08-19 | 1995-03-16 | Maas Milieu Bv | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het verwerken van de dunne fractie uit mest. |
| FR2712880B1 (fr) * | 1993-11-26 | 1995-12-22 | Deheurles Alain | Procédé et dispositif pour une installation d'épuration des eaux usées. |
-
2000
- 2000-01-31 DE DE10004045A patent/DE10004045A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-09-01 EP EP00969225A patent/EP1218298A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-09-01 AU AU79017/00A patent/AU7901700A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-09-01 WO PCT/DE2000/003014 patent/WO2001017912A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0117912A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU7901700A (en) | 2001-04-10 |
| DE10004045A1 (de) | 2001-03-15 |
| WO2001017912A1 (de) | 2001-03-15 |
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