EP1209433A2 - Nichtkontinuierlicher Verbrennungsofen, insbesondere für Keramikteile - Google Patents

Nichtkontinuierlicher Verbrennungsofen, insbesondere für Keramikteile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1209433A2
EP1209433A2 EP01127369A EP01127369A EP1209433A2 EP 1209433 A2 EP1209433 A2 EP 1209433A2 EP 01127369 A EP01127369 A EP 01127369A EP 01127369 A EP01127369 A EP 01127369A EP 1209433 A2 EP1209433 A2 EP 1209433A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
regenerative
exhaust gases
burners
exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01127369A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1209433A3 (de
Inventor
Elio Gerardi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IFT Srl
Original Assignee
IFT Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IFT Srl filed Critical IFT Srl
Publication of EP1209433A2 publication Critical patent/EP1209433A2/de
Publication of EP1209433A3 publication Critical patent/EP1209433A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/10—Arrangements for using waste heat
    • F27D17/12—Arrangements for using waste heat using heat storage
    • F27D17/13—Arrangements for using waste heat using heat storage using regenerative heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any of groups F27B1/00 - F27B15/00
    • F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
    • F27B17/0041—Chamber type furnaces specially adapted for burning bricks or pottery
    • F27B17/0075—Heating devices therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an intermittent combustion kiln, particularly for ceramic articles.
  • Intermittent combustion kilns also termed “discontinuous” or “periodic” kilns, are known; their operation is, in other words, interrupted in order to perform loading and unloading of the articles to be subjected to a same thermal treatment and in which all the articles placed in the kiln are affected simultaneously by the same treatment stage.
  • Known intermittent kilns are constituted by a supporting box-like structure that internally supports refractory walls, which delimit a chamber in which the thermal treatment of the loaded articles is performed.
  • the chamber has lateral openings through which the articles, arranged on movable trucks, are inserted and extracted; such openings are closed by hermetic doors, and the chamber is provided with a plurality of burners, which are distributed on its end and/or side walls, and with a system for aspirating and evacuating the combustion products by means of a stack.
  • the burners currently in use include those with premixing of fuel and comburent air, which is aspirated, and those of the forced-draft type, which include the so-called "high-speed" ones.
  • Premixing burners are substantially composed of a nozzle for introducing the fuel, an opening for introducing the comburent air, a duct for mixing the fuel and the air and an outlet beyond which the mixture ignites and the flame is generated; the incoming fuel generates a negative pressure, which draws the air.
  • the air is not aspirated but blown; said burners have a mixing duct, in which the fuel and the comburent air are injected and forced under pressure, and a combustion chamber, in which the mixture burns: the combustion gases produced in the combustion chamber exit from the burner through a nozzle, which introduces them directly in the kiln chamber.
  • the exhaust gases are aspirated and evacuated from the chamber of the kiln by means of a suitable stack; the gases discharged into the atmosphere are still hot, and therefore a considerable amount of energy is lost with them.
  • These burners comprise a combustion chamber into which a cylinder leads; the cylinder is designed to guide the incoming air and is arranged coaxially and internally with respect to a pipe for the outflow of the exhaust gases; the annular chamber formed between the cylinder and the pipe is divided by a heat exchanger into an outer chamber, through which the exhaust gases of the kiln flow, and an inner chamber, through which the incoming air flows; the two separate fluids flow continuously and in countercurrent, striking the opposite walls of the exchanger through which they exchange heat.
  • Such burners are further provided with a fuel intake duct, which is arranged coaxially inside the air guiding cylinder and leads into the combustion chamber.
  • the aim of the present invention is to eliminate the above noted drawbacks of known types of intermittent kiln by providing an intermittent combustion kiln, particularly for ceramic articles, which allows to increase the utilization of the heat of the combustion gases of the burners, to reduce the volumes of gas to be discharged through the stack, and to contain energy consumption.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a structure that is simple, relatively easy to provide in practice, safe in use, effective in operation, and relatively low in cost.
  • the present intermittent combustion kiln particularly for ceramic articles, comprising a chamber for thermal treatment of articles, which is provided with a plurality of first burners and with a circuit for aspirating and evacuating the exhaust gases generated during the thermal treatment, characterized in that it comprises at least one second regenerative-type burner with heat recovery of the exhaust gases of said chamber, which is adapted to introduce in said chamber hot combustion gases and to aspirate from said chamber said exhaust gases, recovering their residual heat, said second regenerative-type burner being provided with at least one regenerative exchanger which is connected to said chamber, which is associable with at least one intake for comburent air and with at least one outlet for the cold exhaust gases and is adapted to be crossed alternately by the exhaust gases of said chamber, accumulating their residual heat, and by the incoming comburent air, transferring thereto the accumulated heat.
  • the reference numeral 1 generally designates an intermittent combustion kiln, particularly for ceramic articles.
  • the kiln 1 comprises a chamber C made of refractory material, inside which the ceramic articles loaded therein, arranged on appropriate trucks, not shown because they are of the conventional type, are subjected to thermal treatment.
  • a generic operating cycle of the kiln 1 provides for the following steps: loading of the unfired articles, preheating, high-temperature firing, cooling and unloading of the fired articles.
  • first burners 2 of the type traditionally used in the ceramics sector and at least one second burner 3 of the regenerative type with heat recovery of the exhaust gases of the chamber C.
  • the chamber C is further provided with a circuit for aspirating and evacuating the exhaust gases generated during the thermal treatment, which leads into a stack D.
  • the first burners 2, of the aspirated or forced-draught type have a duct 4 for supplying the comburent air and a duct 5 for supplying the fuel.
  • Each regenerative burner 3 comprises multiple regenerative exchangers with periodically complementary operation, which are distributed radially around the body of said burner 3, are connected to the chamber C and are associable with an intake for comburent air and with an outlet for the cold exhaust gases.
  • Each regenerative exchanger is constituted by stacked lamination packs, between which channels remain; the hot exhaust gases that arrive from the chamber C and the incoming cold comburent air alternately flow through said channels.
  • the hot exhaust gases that arrive from the chamber C flow between the laminations, and heat accumulates in the exchanger; then the exchanger is crossed by the incoming cold air, to which the accumulated heat is transferred; the exhaust gases are therefore cold when they exit from the regenerative burner 3, while the incoming comburent air is preheated.
  • the regenerative exchangers with which the individual regenerative burner 3 is provided have a periodically complementary operation, i.e., while some of them are being crossed by the hot exhaust gases that arrive from the chamber C, the remaining exchangers are crossed by the incoming cold comburent air, and vice versa.
  • the reference numeral 6 designates the fuel supply duct
  • the reference numeral 7 designates the comburent air supply duct
  • the reference numeral 8 designates the duct for the discharge of the cold exhaust gases of the regenerative burners 3.
  • each regenerative burner 3 is provided with a single regenerative exchanger with alternating operation: in a first step, the exchanger is crossed by the hot exhaust gases that arrive from the chamber C and recovers and accumulates their residual heat; in a second step, the exchanger is crossed by the incoming cold comburent air, to which it transfers the previously accumulated heat.
  • the kiln 1 is provided with pairs of regenerative burners 3, the burners of each pair having a periodically complementary operation: one burner introduces in the chamber C the hot combustion gases, and its respective regenerative exchanger is crossed by the incoming comburent air, to which it transfers heat, while the other burner draws the exhaust gases from the chamber C and its respective regenerative exchanger is crossed by the exhaust gases, from which it removes heat, accumulating it, and vice versa.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a kiln 1 provided with a regenerative burner 3 of the type that comprises a plurality of regenerative heat exchangers with periodically complementary operation; accordingly, the burner 3 has an independent and autonomous operation.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a kiln 1 provided with two regenerative burners 3 (designated by the reference numerals 3a, 3b) of the type with a single regenerative exchanger.
  • the regenerative burners 3 (3a, 3b) are opposite one another and operate in an alternately complementary manner: the burner 3a introduces in the chamber C the hot combustion gases, the respective exchanger being crossed by the incoming comburent air, while the other burner 3b aspirates from the chamber C the exhaust gases, the respective exchanger being crossed by the exhaust gases, the heat of which it recovers and accumulates, and vice versa.
  • the regenerative burners 3 operate efficiently at temperatures above a minimum temperature between 800 and 1300°C; this interval corresponds to the stage for firing at high temperature of the entire thermal treatment to which the articles are subjected.
  • the first burners 2 are shut down, while the regenerative burners 3 enter the active operating step; the regenerative burners 3 are therefore active when the first burners 2 are passive, and vice versa.
  • the regenerative burners 3 are active during the step for the so-called firing of the articles loaded in the kiln 1, when the articles are kept, for a preset time interval, at the highest temperatures provided by the thermal treatment.
  • the stack D is disconnected from the chamber C ( Figure 2); the exhaust gases are in fact aspirated and evacuated by means of the regenerative burners 3.
  • the burners 2 and the regenerative burners 3 can be incorporated in a single block.
  • the described invention achieves the proposed aim and objects, i.e., to provide an intermittent combustion kiln that allows to utilize fully the residual heat of the combustion gases and allows to limit consumption and energy costs.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
EP01127369A 2000-11-23 2001-11-21 Nichtkontinuierlicher Verbrennungsofen, insbesondere für Keramikteile Withdrawn EP1209433A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2000MO000251A IT1316951B1 (it) 2000-11-23 2000-11-23 Forno intermittente a combustione, particolarmente per manufatticeramici.
ITMO000251 2000-11-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1209433A2 true EP1209433A2 (de) 2002-05-29
EP1209433A3 EP1209433A3 (de) 2003-04-16

Family

ID=11450617

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01127369A Withdrawn EP1209433A3 (de) 2000-11-23 2001-11-21 Nichtkontinuierlicher Verbrennungsofen, insbesondere für Keramikteile

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1209433A3 (de)
IT (1) IT1316951B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113432427A (zh) * 2021-06-04 2021-09-24 成都日进冶金锻造有限公司 一种高效节能的蓄热式加热炉

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1194239A (ja) * 1997-09-26 1999-04-09 Nippon Furnace Kogyo Kaisha Ltd 交互切換蓄熱再生バーナシステム及びその燃焼制御方法
JPH11223467A (ja) * 1998-02-10 1999-08-17 Ngk Insulators Ltd セラミック焼成炉

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113432427A (zh) * 2021-06-04 2021-09-24 成都日进冶金锻造有限公司 一种高效节能的蓄热式加热炉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1209433A3 (de) 2003-04-16
ITMO20000251A0 (it) 2000-11-23
ITMO20000251A1 (it) 2002-05-23
IT1316951B1 (it) 2003-05-13

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