EP1209366A1 - Betätigungsvorrichtung für den Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen - Google Patents
Betätigungsvorrichtung für den Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1209366A1 EP1209366A1 EP00124877A EP00124877A EP1209366A1 EP 1209366 A1 EP1209366 A1 EP 1209366A1 EP 00124877 A EP00124877 A EP 00124877A EP 00124877 A EP00124877 A EP 00124877A EP 1209366 A1 EP1209366 A1 EP 1209366A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hose
- pneumatic actuator
- pressure
- actuating device
- actuator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/10—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit the motor being of diaphragm type
- F15B15/103—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit the motor being of diaphragm type using inflatable bodies that contract when fluid pressure is applied, e.g. pneumatic artificial muscles or McKibben-type actuators
Definitions
- the invention relates to an actuating device, in particular for the Use in motor vehicles.
- actuation devices are used in motor vehicle construction used, which is usually the comfort of the driver and the Serve vehicle occupants, but also to a large extent tasks in the Take over as part of a comprehensive security concept.
- the Window lifting device and the drive of the windshield wipers are only two Examples of such actuators.
- actuators are predominantly closed understand that defined in response to a signal with the addition of auxiliary energy Start actions.
- actuators in automotive engineering uses electric actuators, especially electric motors, as well the window lifting device already mentioned and the drive of the Do windshield wiper system. But there are also numerous Actuators that work mechanically and / or operated by hand become.
- An example of this is the actuator for opening the Bonnet or tailgate, which are usually levers and cables includes.
- the adjustment of the fresh air supply nozzles takes place usually by hand using an integrated in the nozzle and on the nozzle arranged mechanical actuator.
- Actuators for motor vehicles the tasks under a Security concept take over are often combined with sensors. These sensors generate a given certain boundary conditions Signal which is fed to the actuating device and activates it.
- An example of such an actuator is the gas generator an airbag module. If necessary, this is activated by a signal that is generated by a sensor, the sensor often being a Accelerometer is the one when a permissible is exceeded Acceleration generates a signal.
- This signal works together with Auxiliary energy introduced, for example, the ignition of a pyrotechnic Ignition charge and / or the opening of a gas reservoir under pressure, wherein the gas generated or the gas released fills the airbag. Hiebei is the action started by the actuator filling the Airbag.
- the electric drives also include mechanical ones Components, which is why they, like mechanical actuators in principle, are subject to the stick-slip effect disadvantageously. caused is the stick-slip effect due to the sliding between the friction occurring relative to each other.
- Become the components that can be moved and are in contact by the electric drive is subjected to forces, so there is a displacement of Components against each other only when the external force, the static friction occurring in the interface between the in contact stationary components. This force increases with the beginning of the Relative movement a value corresponding to the coefficient of sliding friction, when falling below that defined by the sliding friction coefficient Sliding friction force the relative movement comes to a standstill again.
- the number of vehicles is increasing used actuators and with them the total weight of the Motor vehicle to, in particular electric drives disadvantageous characterized by a high ratio of component weight to actuation force and thus contribute greatly to weight gain.
- these electric drives may not always be in the frame of a passive safety concept, because with they do not have the necessary response or adjustment times can.
- a sufficiently quick positioning is one Bonnet in a position advantageous for the opponent of the accident electric drive according to the prior art is not possible because the for the time provided for this process is insufficient or the Electric motor requires unacceptably long adjustment times.
- a Actuating device in particular for use in motor vehicles, to introduce the disadvantages of the actuating devices according to the state the technology reduces or eliminates, in particular a faster Responsiveness or a shorter adjustment time and should a smaller ratio of component weight to actuation force Has.
- an actuator with a compressed pressure medium storage and a pneumatic Actuator in which the memory and the pneumatic actuator are connected are connected and the connection can be closed by means of a valve and in which the pneumatic actuator has an axially and radially elastic hose comprises, by pressurizing the pneumatic actuator The diameter of the hose increases and the length of the hose increases shortened and in which the usable distance x to the shortened Actuation of a further, downstream device is used.
- the actuation device according to the invention is memory as an energy source a self-sufficient unit that in particular does not rely on a battery is instructed as an energy source. This is precisely the case in motor vehicle construction reasons described in the introduction are advantageous since the number of Actuators in vehicle construction increases and an increase in Battery capacity is undesirable due to the associated disadvantages.
- the actuating device according to the invention due to its Independence regardless of any existing or not existing energy sources can be arranged. For example, an im Actuator built-in rear of the motor vehicle does not have a possibly arranged in the front area battery, whereby the complex and costly laying of additional electrical Lines are omitted.
- the use of the pneumatic actuator ensures Actuation device according to the invention for essential advantages the actuators known from the prior art.
- the design of the pneumatic actuator and the one in it Integrated axially and radially elastic hose ensure an advantageous and improved operating behavior of the actuating device.
- the behavior of the elastic hose with regard to its strength and the tension states present in the hose can be derived approximately from the consideration of a straight, circular cylindrical container - a so-called "boiler shell".
- the so-called membrane stress state in the boiler jacket is described by a stress ⁇ I acting in the circumferential direction and a stress ⁇ II acting in the longitudinal direction.
- ⁇ I p * r / s
- ⁇ II 1 ⁇ 2 * p * r / s
- the actuator is operated in such a way that by opening the Valve the connection between the memory and the pneumatic actuator will be produced.
- the pneumatic actuator due to the compressed print medium stored in the memory acted upon, wherein the pressure medium flowing into the hose to a Increases the hose pressure.
- This causes the elastic to expand Hose in the radial direction, which simultaneously causes a contraction of the Hose takes place in the longitudinal direction.
- the shortening of the hose or the Distance x which is characterized by the length difference between the relaxed and the hose shortened by contraction is used for the Actuation of a downstream device used.
- the hose with its free end i.e. with the end that is opposite the end connected to the memory, in the manner with a downstream device connected by the contraction available longitudinal force F of the hose for actuating the downstream device can be used.
- the one with the hose connected device endeavors by the Pressurization to follow contraction of the hose and track the movement of the free end of the hose while doing so to cover the distance x required for the contraction. this leads to then ultimately to the intended actuation of the device.
- the actuating device according to the invention is based on the principle less susceptible to faults and easier to install, which among other things the result is that the presented actuator no special maintenance, in particular no lubrication of individual components required. It is easier to install Actuator not only due to the fact that it is a independent, self-sufficient functional unit, but also because of pneumatic actuator is significantly less sensitive to installation errors, with the possibility of any guidance of the elastic Hose exists, which is not always linear in the installed state must be arranged.
- Actuators in which the valve is a are advantageous Quick switching valve is. This allows the pneumatic actuator from Amount of pressure medium regulated and regulated in small stages can be dosed exactly. In addition, both the response and also the adjustment time of the overall "actuating device" system is shorter, these times being the individual response and adjustment times all of the elements of the device partially cumulative. Thus leads the improvement of an element to an improvement of the overall system.
- a flexible pressure line allows an arrangement of the pneumatic Actuator and the memory each independently, but also the Supply of several pneumatic actuators from one memory by means of several pressure lines.
- Actuators are advantageous in which between the memory and the pneumatic actuator is arranged a pressure reducer which Reduces the pressure of the compressed print medium. This makes it possible to store the print medium highly compressed in the memory. Will that If there is no pressure reducer, the pressure medium only exits from the memory, when entering the pneumatic actuator and possibly in the throttled pressure line arranged between these components, exists at the addition of a pressure reducer and thus an additional one Throttle point the possibility of a much higher pressure drop between Realize memory and actuator, thereby reducing the pressure medium under essential higher pressures can be stored in the memory. Consequently, at Using an additional pressure regulator reduces the internal pressure of the compressed storage medium storing memory a multiple of permissible internal pressure of the elastic hose.
- a reduction in the storage volume is under the aspect of reducing the space required basically viewed as cheap, with an increase in storable mass of pressure medium is also advantageous in the way that at the actuator corresponding to a larger available quantity of pressure medium can be operated more often.
- Such a configuration of the actuating device according to the invention has, as already indicated above, advantages in two ways.
- the required storage volume with the same medium mass smaller the higher the print medium is compressed.
- stocks the storage - assuming the same storage volume - with increasing Internal storage pressure a larger mass of pressure medium, which reduces the number of Actuations of the pneumatic actuator is increased.
- the memory which is designed, for example, as a gas pressure cartridge, is less common must be replaced or filled.
- Actuators which are characterized in that that in the hose of the pneumatic actuator a displacement body is arranged.
- This advantageous embodiment is based on the idea that a Hose that has the smallest possible pressure medium Hose volume, when using one and the same storage - so equal storage volume and storage pressure required - can be operated more often than a hose that has a larger one with hose volume that can be acted upon by a pressure medium.
- the hose has a hose volume V s in the relaxed state and has approximately the ambient pressure as the internal pressure. Then, when the pneumatic actuator is pressurized and a desired increase in the internal pressure of the hose to, for example, 6 bar, on the one hand so much pressure medium must be supplied that a pressure increase of 5 bar takes place in the hose volume V s of the relaxed hose and possibly a volume change ⁇ V des caused by a volume increase Hose is also filled with medium under 6 bar pressure.
- the mass of pressure medium to be introduced into the hose is thus composed of two parts.
- the hose volume V s is reduced by the volume V v of the displacement body.
- the saving in pressure medium is proportional to the volume of the displacer V v .
- a reduction in the hose volume V s by directly reducing the hose length or the hose diameter is generally not expedient, since the longitudinal force F to be generated must be of a predetermined size and this is a function of the square of the hose radius r.
- a shortening of the hose is not possible in most applications. This is usually the case when it is not primarily the longitudinal force to be generated that is important, but rather the distance x made usable by the contraction of the hose. It must be taken into account here that the length of the distance x realized by the contraction of the hose depends not only on the internal pressure but also on the total length of the hose.
- Actuating devices in which the displacement body is cylindrical and are arranged coaxially with the hose are advantageous.
- the displacement body thus corresponds to the preferred outer shape of the hose, and it is precisely through the similarity of the outer shape of the displacement body and the hose that a maximum reduction in the hose volume V s can be achieved.
- the invention furthermore relates to the use of one of the aforementioned actuators for positioning a hood of a motor vehicle, the pneumatic actuator with its free end, i.e. with the end that is the end connected to the memory opposite, is connected in the manner with the hood that the hose if the length is reduced due to pressurization, the bonnet from one Rest position, in which the hood is arranged in a closed position is in a working position in which the bonnet is positioned elevated, emotional.
- the background to the targeted positioning of the bonnet is pedestrians and cyclists who are among the weaker road users from to provide protective devices on the part of the motor vehicles. It did studies have shown that the relevant impact zones of Pedestrians and two-wheelers in the area of the front section and here in particular in the area of the hood of the motor vehicle.
- the hood is the targeted positioning of the hood in front of the Impact of the pedestrian or the two-wheeler. With the help of Positioning devices can be the usually small distance between Enlarge the engine and engine block so that there is a risk of the Head is reduced to the engine block.
- the bonnet is the distance between the bonnet and the engine block thus increasing the usable deformation path when a person collides.
- the available actuators, especially the pyrotechnic primers have more or less major disadvantages compared to the presented Actuator on.
- the presented operating device according to the invention has all necessary properties on which an actuator for lifting a bonnet is mandatory. Especially the short ones Response or adjustment times are shown when using the Actuating device according to the invention for positioning a Bonnet of a motor vehicle as extremely cheap.
- FIG. 1 shows the theoretical, biaxial stress state in the jacket of the hose 4.
- the normal stress ⁇ II acts in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the hose 4, the product of this normal stress ⁇ II and the associated annular cross-sectional area of the hose jacket forming the longitudinal force F.
- the circumferential stress ⁇ I acts perpendicular to the longitudinal stress ⁇ II and thus in the circumferential direction. It is twice as large as the longitudinal stress ⁇ II .
- the formal relationships have been explained in detail in the general description section and should not be repeated here.
- Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the actuator as it for example for positioning a hood of a motor vehicle is used.
- the overall system is shown in the rest position, which one in addition to the actuating device, a control unit 11, an intermediate element 9 and a hood bracket 10.
- the actuating device itself comprises a memory 1, one pneumatic actuator 2 and one the pneumatic actuator 2 and the memory 1 connecting pressure line 5, between the pneumatic actuator 2 and Storage 1 both a valve 3 and a pressure reducer 6 is arranged.
- the pneumatic actuator 2 has an axially and radially elastic hose 4 on, in which a displacement body to reduce the hose volume 7 is arranged. With its free end 8, the pneumatic actuator is over a Intermediate element 9 with the short leg of an L-shaped and rotatable on Motor vehicle mounted hood bracket 10 connected.
- the valve 3 is operated by the control unit 11, i.e. opened and closed.
- the actuator is activated to position the bonnet ( Figure 3).
- the valve 3 is opened by the control unit 11, so that the pressure medium stored in the memory 1 after passing through the Pressure reducer 6 and the valve 3 in the hose 4 of the pneumatic Actuator 2 flows. Due to the inflowing pressure medium increases the diameter of the hose 4 with simultaneous contraction of the Hose 4.
- the intermediate element 9 with the free end 8 of the Pneumatic actuator 2 connected hood bracket 10 follows the Contraction of the hose 4 when pressurized in such a way that it is rotates around their bearing 12.
- the connection point of the intermediate element 9 with the short leg of the hood bracket 10 also migrates in Direction of the longitudinal axis of the hose 4 and thus in the direction of Contraction of the hose 4.
- the second longer leg of the motor bracket During this rotation, 10 lifts one that is mounted on the bonnet holder 10 Bonnet in an elevated position.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- den theoretischen Spannungszustand im Mantel des Schlauches anhand einer perspektivischen Darstellung eines Schlauchsegmentes, und
- Figur 2
- eine Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform der Betätigungsvorrichtung zur Positionierung einer Motorhaube eines Kraftfahrzeuges in der Ruheposition, und
- Figur 3
- eine Seitenansicht der in Figur 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform der Betätigungsvorrichtung zur Positionierung einer Motorhaube eines Kraftfahrzeuges in der Arbeitsposition.
- 1
- Speicher
- 2
- Pneumatischer Aktor
- 3
- Ventil
- 4
- Schlauch
- 5
- Druckleitung
- 6
- Druckminderer
- 7
- Verdrängungskörper
- 8
- freies Ende
- 9
- Zwischenelement
- 10
- Motorhaubenhalterung
- 11
- Steuergerät
- 12
- Lager
Claims (8)
- Betätigungsvorrichtung, insbesondere für den Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen, mit einem ein komprimiertes Druckmedium bevorratenden Speicher (1) und einem pneumatischen Aktor (2), bei der der Speicher (1) und der pneumatische Aktor (2) miteinander verbunden sind und die Verbindung mittels eines Ventils (3) verschließbar ist und bei der der pneumatische Aktor (2) einen axial und radial elastischen Schlauch (4) umfaßt, wobei durch Druckbeaufschlagung des pneumatischen Aktors (2) sich der Durchmesser des Schlauches (4) vergrößert und sich die Länge des Schlauches (4) verkürzt und bei der die durch die Verkürzung nutzbare Wegstrecke x zur Betätigung einer weiteren, nachgeordneten Vorrichtung dient.
- Betätigungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ventil (3) ein Schnellschaltventil ist.
- Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Speicher (1) und der pneumatische Aktor (2) über eine Druckleitung (5) miteinander verbunden sind.
- Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Anssprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Speicher (1) und dem pneumatischen Aktor (2) ein Druckminderer (6) angeordnet ist, der den Druck des komprimierten Druckmediums mindert.
- Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Arbeitsdruck des pneumatischen Aktors (2), der maximale Innendruck p des Schlauches (4) bei Druckbeaufschlagung des Aktors (2), kleiner ist als der Druck des komprimierten Druckmediums im Speicher (1).
- Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Schlauch (1) des pneumatischen Aktors (2) ein Verdrängungskörper (7) angeordnet ist.
- Betätigungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verdrängungskörper (7) zylinderförmig ausgebildet ist und koaxial zum Schlauch (4) angeordnet ist.
- Verwendung einer Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche zur Positionierung einer Motorhaube eines Kraftfahrzeuges, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der pneumatische Aktor (2) mit seinem freien Ende (8), d.h. mit dem Ende, das dem mit dem Speicher (1) verbundenen Ende gegenüberliegt, in der Art mit der Motorhaube verbunden ist, daß der Schlauch (4) bei Längenverkürzung infolge Druckbeaufschlagung die Motorhaube von einer Ruheposition, in der die Motorhaube in einer Verschließposition angeordnet ist, in eine Arbeitsposition, in der die Motorhaube erhöht postioniert ist, bewegt.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20000124877 EP1209366B1 (de) | 2000-11-15 | 2000-11-15 | Betätigungsvorrichtung für den Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen |
| DE50002102T DE50002102D1 (de) | 2000-11-15 | 2000-11-15 | Betätigungsvorrichtung für den Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20000124877 EP1209366B1 (de) | 2000-11-15 | 2000-11-15 | Betätigungsvorrichtung für den Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1209366A1 true EP1209366A1 (de) | 2002-05-29 |
| EP1209366B1 EP1209366B1 (de) | 2003-05-07 |
Family
ID=8170380
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20000124877 Expired - Lifetime EP1209366B1 (de) | 2000-11-15 | 2000-11-15 | Betätigungsvorrichtung für den Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1209366B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE50002102D1 (de) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1225119A3 (de) * | 2001-01-23 | 2003-02-05 | Eras Entwicklung und Realisation adaptiver Systeme GmbH | Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere Cabrio, mit aktiv angesteuerten Torsionsstabilisatoren |
| DE10256950A1 (de) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-24 | Siemens Restraint Systems Gmbh | Fußgängerschutzsystem und Verfahren zum Schutz von Fußgängern |
| WO2005123445A2 (de) | 2004-06-17 | 2005-12-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sitzverstellvorrichtung, sowie verfahren zum betreiben einer solchen |
| DE102004013340B4 (de) * | 2004-03-17 | 2006-11-30 | Peguform Gmbh | Multifunktionale Dichtung |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4784040A (en) * | 1987-08-18 | 1988-11-15 | Caterpillar Inc. | Control system for expelling liquid from a pneumatic actuator |
| JPH09315266A (ja) * | 1996-05-31 | 1997-12-09 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | 車両用フード装置 |
-
2000
- 2000-11-15 DE DE50002102T patent/DE50002102D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-15 EP EP20000124877 patent/EP1209366B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4784040A (en) * | 1987-08-18 | 1988-11-15 | Caterpillar Inc. | Control system for expelling liquid from a pneumatic actuator |
| JPH09315266A (ja) * | 1996-05-31 | 1997-12-09 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | 車両用フード装置 |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1225119A3 (de) * | 2001-01-23 | 2003-02-05 | Eras Entwicklung und Realisation adaptiver Systeme GmbH | Kraftfahrzeug, insbesondere Cabrio, mit aktiv angesteuerten Torsionsstabilisatoren |
| DE10256950A1 (de) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-24 | Siemens Restraint Systems Gmbh | Fußgängerschutzsystem und Verfahren zum Schutz von Fußgängern |
| DE10256950B4 (de) * | 2002-12-05 | 2007-02-15 | Peguform Gmbh | Fußgängerschutzsystem und Verfahren zum Schutz von Fußgängern |
| DE102004013340B4 (de) * | 2004-03-17 | 2006-11-30 | Peguform Gmbh | Multifunktionale Dichtung |
| WO2005123445A2 (de) | 2004-06-17 | 2005-12-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sitzverstellvorrichtung, sowie verfahren zum betreiben einer solchen |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE50002102D1 (de) | 2003-06-12 |
| EP1209366B1 (de) | 2003-05-07 |
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