EP1204816A1 - Mixer element for a fluid that is guided in a pipe - Google Patents

Mixer element for a fluid that is guided in a pipe

Info

Publication number
EP1204816A1
EP1204816A1 EP00951497A EP00951497A EP1204816A1 EP 1204816 A1 EP1204816 A1 EP 1204816A1 EP 00951497 A EP00951497 A EP 00951497A EP 00951497 A EP00951497 A EP 00951497A EP 1204816 A1 EP1204816 A1 EP 1204816A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing element
guide surface
tube
flow
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00951497A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rolf BRÜCK
Katrin Schaper
Jan Hodgson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vitesco Technologies Lohmar Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH filed Critical Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
Publication of EP1204816A1 publication Critical patent/EP1204816A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4315—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being deformed flat pieces of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4315—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being deformed flat pieces of material
    • B01F25/43151—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being deformed flat pieces of material composed of consecutive sections of deformed flat pieces of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mixing element for a fluid guided in a pipe and a pipe, in particular an exhaust pipe of a motor vehicle, in which at least one such mixing element is installed.
  • Hot fluids guided in pipes for example the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, which are fed to a device, for example a three-way catalytic converter or a so-called NO ⁇ store, usually have an external flow cooled by the outer surface of the pipe and thus viewed over the flow cross section an inhomogeneous temperature distribution.
  • mixing elements in a tube, which in a cross-sectional plane of the tube either "peel" parts of the cooler external flow from the inner surface of the tube and guide them inward (also referred to below as the outer guide surface) or parts of the hotter internal flow to the outside (hereinafter also referred to as the inner guide surface).
  • the mixing elements are arranged inclined to a main flow direction. Therefore, and because of their series arrangement, a pair of known mixing elements requires a relatively long flow path for the mixing.
  • the outer guide surfaces have the disadvantage that, in the flow shadow behind the outer guide surfaces, a considerable part of the inner surface of the tube is hardly flowed through and is therefore eliminated for the heat exchange desired in most applications. This compensates for the cooling almost the advantage that the mixing of the inner and outer currents otherwise brings.
  • the use of the entire inner surface of the tube for cooling should essentially be ensured.
  • the fluid after flowing through the mixing element, the fluid should have a temperature distribution as uniform as possible over the flow cross-section, for example to avoid thermally induced local damage to a downstream device or premature aging.
  • the mixing element should be characterized by the possibility of its automatic production and compact design.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a tube in which at least one such mixing element is installed.
  • the mixing element according to the invention for a fluid guided in a tube is characterized in that means are present in approximately a cross-sectional plane of the tube, by means of which parts of the external flow adjacent to the inner surface of the tube are simultaneously directed inwards and parts of the internal flow to the outside, which advantageously mixes hot and cooler flows with one another in such a way that there is an overall flow with a temperature distribution which is as homogeneous as possible and thermal damage to a downstream device is avoided.
  • Another advantage is that the mixing element according to the invention compared to the known mixing elements arranged in series as described above requires a significantly shorter flow path for the mixing of the external and internal flows of a fluid.
  • the mixing element preferably has at least one outer guide surface for deflecting the outer flow inwards and at least one inner guide surface for deflecting the inner flow outwards.
  • outer and inner guide surfaces inclined to the main flow direction.
  • the greater the inclination towards the main flow direction the greater the pressure loss but also the mixing.
  • the angle of inclination of the guide surfaces can therefore be adjusted depending on the flow conditions. They can also be different in the case of inner and outer guide surfaces, in particular if the total areas of the inner and outer guide surfaces are also different.
  • outer and inner guide surfaces be held on a common holding frame.
  • the holding frame is designed to be at least quadrangular, preferably hexagonal or as another polygon with an even number of corners.
  • the outer guide surface is preferably at least partially adapted to the contour of the inner surface of the tube, so that parts of an edge flow are advantageously “peeled off” from the inner surface of the tube and directed inwards.
  • the outer guide surface has at least one opening through which part of the outer flow continues to flow. This means that the part of the pipe surface directly behind an outer guide surface can also contribute to heat exchange.
  • the size of the opening should preferably be about 20 to 40% of the outer guide surface.
  • the opening is preferably designed as a circle segment open to the inner surface of the tube, so that the use of the entire tube surface for cooling is advantageously essentially ensured.
  • This circle segment can be cut out completely.
  • the segment used to form the opening is not completely cut off, but is only bent outward in the form of a tab connected to the mixing element, where it can serve for fastening to the inner surface of the tube.
  • the inner flow directed from the inside to the outside also gets a swirl in the circumferential direction, so that hot flows are again directed from the inside into the flow shadows behind the outer guide surfaces. It is therefore proposed to design the inner guide surfaces as swirl vanes.
  • the mixing element is preferably connected to the tube by joining technology, in particular welded or soldered, via the outer guide surfaces or the tabs bent outward therefrom.
  • the mixing element is preferably stamped from a sheet metal part or can be produced in one piece with a laser cut, which advantageously enables inexpensive automatic production.
  • the mixing element is at least partially coated. Coating the mixing element has the advantage that it ensures that the mixing element can withstand the thermal and dynamic loads that occur over a very long period of time. Furthermore, for example, a partial coating supports the formation of a joining connection of the mixing element with the pipe.
  • the pipe according to the invention in particular the exhaust pipe of a motor vehicle, is characterized in that at least one mixing element according to one of claims 1 to 16 is installed.
  • the arrangement according to the invention has at least the advantages of a largely homogeneous temperature distribution in the fluid after mixing the inner and outer flows and a small axial space requirement due to the reduced flow distance of the mixing element according to the invention.
  • the degree of mixing can advantageously be increased somewhat further if a second mixing element is arranged in the main flow direction in the tube behind the first mixing element in such a way that its inner or outer guide surfaces are offset from the inner or outer guide surfaces of the first mixing element.
  • a second mixing element is arranged in the main flow direction in the tube behind the first mixing element in such a way that its inner or outer guide surfaces are offset from the inner or outer guide surfaces of the first mixing element.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of an inventive mixing element installed in an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine
  • FIG. 2 shows the mixing element according to the invention according to FIG. 1 in a front view
  • FIG 3 is a schematic development of the mixing element according to the invention according to Figures 1 and 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a swirl wing formed inner guide surface of the mixing element according to the invention in front view
  • Fig. 5 in the longitudinal axial section or partially in side view of a tube with two mixing elements according to the invention in series.
  • a mixing element 1 shows a side view of a mixing element 1 according to the invention installed in a pipe 2, for example an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine, not shown. Exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine (not shown) enters the exhaust pipe 2, in which the mixing element 1 is arranged such that parts of the outer surface adjacent to the inner surface 3 of the pipe 2 are simultaneously in approximately one plane Flow A is directed inwards and parts of the inner flow I outwards.
  • the mixing element 1 has three outer 4 and inner 5 guide surfaces, wherein, as is particularly clear from FIGS. 2 and 3, the outer guide surfaces 4 are trapezoidal and the inner guide surfaces 5 are triangular.
  • the outer guide surfaces 4 serve to deflect external flows A inwards; the inner guide surfaces 5 of the deflection of internal flows I to the outside.
  • outer 4 and inner 5 guide surfaces have an inclination to the main flow direction S, which in the mixing element 1 according to the exemplary embodiment for the outer guide surface 4 against the main flow direction S is approximately 45 ° and for the inner guide surface 5 in the main flow direction S is approximately 60 °.
  • Outer 4 and inner 5 guide surfaces are held on a common holding frame 6, which is preferably hexagonal in the mixing element 1 according to the exemplary embodiment.
  • the outer 4 and inner 5 guide surfaces are alternately arranged on the circumference of the holding frame 6 which lies completely within the flow cross-section and runs essentially in a flow-favorable manner parallel to the main flow direction S.
  • the sum of the areas of the outer guide surfaces 4 preferably corresponds approximately to the sum of the area of the inner guide surfaces 5, so that approximately equal proportions of external flows A are directed inwards and internal flows I are directed outwards.
  • the outer guide surface 4 preferably has at least one opening 7 through which part of the external flow continues to flow.
  • the opening 7 is designed as an approximately semicircular circle segment which is open to the inner surface 3 of the tube 2.
  • the outer guide surface 4 can have through holes (not shown) through which parts of the outer flow can also continue to flow.
  • the circle segment 9 to be removed to form the opening 7 can, as indicated in FIG. 3, also be incompletely separated from the guide surface 4 and bent outward along a bending line 10.
  • the internal flow I directed from the inside to the outside also gets a swirl in the circumferential direction, so that hot flow I from the inside is directed again in the flow shadow behind the outer guide surfaces 4 becomes. It is therefore advantageous if the inner guide surfaces 5 are designed as so-called swirl vanes, as is shown schematically in FIG. 4.
  • the mixing element 1 according to the embodiment of the invention is advantageously stamped from a sheet metal part or can be produced in one piece with a laser cut.
  • a corresponding development of the mixing element according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
  • the mixing element can also be made from other materials, in particular correspondingly suitable plastics his. Manufacturing or cutting, stamping and forming, in particular deep drawing, injection molding and similar processes are used.
  • the outer 4 or inner 5 guide surfaces can first be reached to the desired one using known forming techniques, in particular by means of suitable presses Bend or bend the inclination and then form the corner shape of the frame, which ultimately only requires a joining connection, for example a weld, on its abutting sides 8.
  • Mixing elements 1 according to the invention that can be mass-produced at low cost are preferably suitable for installation in an exhaust pipe 2 of a motor vehicle, in particular in front of a honeycomb body, in particular a honeycomb body coated with catalytically active and / or acting as an adsorber.
  • a honeycomb body installed at the beginning, which guides the exhaust gas in a laminar flow for a long distance, in particular essentially without heat exchange from the outside in and vice versa
  • pipes according to the invention with one or more mixing elements 1 advantageously have a stronger cooling effect with lower pressure losses.
  • a second mixing element 1 ' can be arranged in the main flow direction S in the exhaust pipe 2 behind the first mixing element 1. It has proven to be advantageous to arrange the second mixing element 1 'in such a way that its outer 5' or inner 4 'guide surfaces are offset from the outer 5 or inner 4 guide surfaces of the first mixing element 1.
  • the teaching according to the invention is not limited to the area of exhaust technology shown in the exemplary embodiment. Rather, according to the invention Mixing elements 1, 1 'can be used wherever fluids guided in a pipe 2 are cooled or heated uniformly and / or should have a temperature distribution that is as homogeneous as possible, in particular in order to thermally cause local damage to a downstream device, in particular a NO ⁇ - To avoid memory.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a mixer element (1) for a fluid that is guided in a pipe (2), especially a mixer element that is used in the exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine. Parts of the outer current A that is adjacent to the inner surface (3) of the pipe (2) are guided towards the interior by means of an outer guide section (4) and at the same time and in an approximately common plane parts of the inner current I are guided towards the exterior by means of an inner guide section (5). The use of the entire inner surface (3) of the pipe (2) for the purpose of cooling is preferably guaranteed by at least one opening (7) that is provided in the outer guide surface (4). The invention provides a simple means for obtaining a homogeneous temperature distribution and good cooling of a fluid that is guided in a pipe. The inventive mixer element (1) is especially distinguished from known mixer elements by its compact construction.

Description

Mischelement für ein in einem Rohr geführtes Fluid Mixing element for a fluid guided in a pipe
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Mischelement für ein in einem Rohr geführtes Fluid sowie ein Rohr, insbesondere ein Abgasrohr eines Kraftfahrzeuges, in dem wenigstens ein solches Mischelement eingebaut ist.The present invention relates to a mixing element for a fluid guided in a pipe and a pipe, in particular an exhaust pipe of a motor vehicle, in which at least one such mixing element is installed.
Heiße, in Rohren geführte Fluide, beispielsweise das Abgas einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine, welche einer Vorrichtung, beispielsweise einem Dreiwege- Katalysator oder einem sogenannten NOχ-Speicher, zugeführt werden, weisen zumeist eine von der Außenfläche des Rohres gekühlte äußere Strömung und damit über den Strömungsquerschnitt betrachtet eine inhomogene Temperaturverteilung auf.Hot fluids guided in pipes, for example the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, which are fed to a device, for example a three-way catalytic converter or a so-called NO χ store, usually have an external flow cooled by the outer surface of the pipe and thus viewed over the flow cross section an inhomogeneous temperature distribution.
Zur Vergleichmäßigung inhomogener Temperaturverteilungen ist es bekannt, in einem Rohr Mischelemente anzuordnen, welche in einer Querschnittsebene des Rohres entweder Teile der kühleren äußeren Strömung von der Innenoberfläche des Rohres „abschälen" und nach innen lenken (im folgenden auch als äußere Leitfläche bezeichnet) oder Teile der heißeren Innenströmung nach außen (im folgenden auch als innere Leitfläche bezeichnet). Die Mischelemente sind zu einer Hauptströmungsrichtung geneigt angeordnet. Daher und wegen ihrer Reihenanordnung benötigt ein Paar bekannter Mischelemente eine relativ lange Strömungsstrecke für die Durchmischung.To homogenize inhomogeneous temperature distributions, it is known to arrange mixing elements in a tube, which in a cross-sectional plane of the tube either "peel" parts of the cooler external flow from the inner surface of the tube and guide them inward (also referred to below as the outer guide surface) or parts of the hotter internal flow to the outside (hereinafter also referred to as the inner guide surface). The mixing elements are arranged inclined to a main flow direction. Therefore, and because of their series arrangement, a pair of known mixing elements requires a relatively long flow path for the mixing.
Bei vielen Anwendungen ist auch eine möglichst effektive Kühlung der Strömung durch Wärmeaustausch mit der Umgebung erwünscht. Dabei weisen insbesondere die äußeren Leitflächen den Nachteil auf, daß im Strömungsschatten hinter den äußeren Leitflächen ein erheblicher Teil der Innenoberfläche des Rohres kaum angeströmt wird und dadurch für den in den meisten Anwendungsfällen er- wünschten Wärmeaustausch wegfällt. Dies kompensiert in Bezug auf die Kühlung nahezu den Vorteil, den die Durchmischung der inneren und äußeren Strömungen ansonsten bringt.In many applications it is also desirable to cool the flow as effectively as possible by exchanging heat with the surroundings. In particular, the outer guide surfaces have the disadvantage that, in the flow shadow behind the outer guide surfaces, a considerable part of the inner surface of the tube is hardly flowed through and is therefore eliminated for the heat exchange desired in most applications. This compensates for the cooling almost the advantage that the mixing of the inner and outer currents otherwise brings.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein verbessertes Mischelement für ein in einem Rohr geführtes Fluid anzugeben, welches die genannten Nachteile vermeidet. Insbesondere soll im wesentlichen die Nutzung der gesamten Innenoberfläche des Rohres zur Kühlung gewährleistet sein. Darüber hinaus soll das Fluid nach Durchströmung des Mischelementes eine möglichst gleichmäßige Temperaturverteilung über den Strömungsquerschnitt aufweisen, um beispielsweise eine thermisch bedingte lokale Schädigung einer nachgeordneten Vorrichtung oder eine frühzeitige Alterung, zu vermeiden. Schließlich soll das Mischelement sich durch die Möglichkeit zu seiner automatischen Fertigung und kompakte Bauweise auszeichnen. Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in der Angabe eines Rohres, in dem wenigstens ein solches Mischelement eingebaut ist.It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved mixing element for a fluid guided in a tube, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned. In particular, the use of the entire inner surface of the tube for cooling should essentially be ensured. In addition, after flowing through the mixing element, the fluid should have a temperature distribution as uniform as possible over the flow cross-section, for example to avoid thermally induced local damage to a downstream device or premature aging. Finally, the mixing element should be characterized by the possibility of its automatic production and compact design. Another object of the invention is to provide a tube in which at least one such mixing element is installed.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Mischelement mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 und durch ein Rohr mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 16 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen sind in den jeweils abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by a mixing element with the features according to claim 1 and by a tube with the features according to claim 16. Appropriate developments are specified in the respective dependent claims.
Das erfindungsgemäße Mischelement für ein in einem Rohr geführtes Fluid zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß in annähernd einer Querschnittsebene des Rohres Mittel vorhanden sind, durch die gleichzeitig Teile der zur Innenoberfläche des Rohres benachbarten äußeren Strömung nach innen gelenkt werden und Teile der inneren Strömung nach außen, wodurch in vorteilhafter Weise heiße und kühlere Strömungen so miteinander durchmischt werden, daß eine Gesamtströmung mit einer möglichst homogenen Temperaturverteilung vorliegt und eine thermisch bedingte Schädigung einer nachgeordneten Vorrichtung vermieden wird. Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt darin, daß das erfindungsgemäße Mischelement gegenüber den bekannten, wie Eingangs beschrieben in Reihe angeordneten Mischelementen eine deutlich verkürzte Strömungsstrecke für die Durchmischung der äußeren und inneren Strömungen eines Fluids benötigt.The mixing element according to the invention for a fluid guided in a tube is characterized in that means are present in approximately a cross-sectional plane of the tube, by means of which parts of the external flow adjacent to the inner surface of the tube are simultaneously directed inwards and parts of the internal flow to the outside, which advantageously mixes hot and cooler flows with one another in such a way that there is an overall flow with a temperature distribution which is as homogeneous as possible and thermal damage to a downstream device is avoided. Another advantage is that the mixing element according to the invention compared to the known mixing elements arranged in series as described above requires a significantly shorter flow path for the mixing of the external and internal flows of a fluid.
Vorzugsweise weist das Mischelement zur Umlenkung der äußeren Strömung nach innen wenigstens eine äußere Leitfläche und zur Umlenkung der inneren Strömung nach außen wenigstens eine innere Leitfläche auf.The mixing element preferably has at least one outer guide surface for deflecting the outer flow inwards and at least one inner guide surface for deflecting the inner flow outwards.
Insbesondere zur Minimierung von Druckverlusten im Fluid wird vorgeschlagen, äußere und innere Leitflächen zur Hauptströmungsrichtung geneigt anzuordnen. Dabei hat sich für die äußere Leitfläche eine Neigung gegenüber der Hauptströmungsrichtung unter einem Winkel von etwa 30° bis 60°, insbesondere unter einem Winkel von etwa 45° und für die innere Leitfläche ebenfalls eine Neigung gegenüber der Hauptströmungsrichtung unter einem Winkel von etwa 30° bis 60°, insbesondere unter einem Winkel von etwa 45°, als vorteilhaft herausgestellt. Je stärker die Neigung gegenüber der Hauptströmungsrichtung desto größer der Druckverlust aber auch die Durchmischung. Je nach Strömungsverhältnissen können daher die Neigungswinkel der Leitflächen angepaßt werden. Sie können auch bei inneren und äußeren Leitflächen unterschiedlich sein, insbesondere, wenn auch die Gesamtflächen der inneren und äußeren Leitflächen unterschiedlich sind.In order to minimize pressure losses in the fluid in particular, it is proposed to arrange outer and inner guide surfaces inclined to the main flow direction. There is an inclination for the outer guide surface with respect to the main flow direction at an angle of approximately 30 ° to 60 °, in particular at an angle of approximately 45 ° and for the inner guide surface also an inclination with respect to the main flow direction at an angle of approximately 30 ° to 60 °, in particular at an angle of approximately 45 °, was found to be advantageous. The greater the inclination towards the main flow direction, the greater the pressure loss but also the mixing. The angle of inclination of the guide surfaces can therefore be adjusted depending on the flow conditions. They can also be different in the case of inner and outer guide surfaces, in particular if the total areas of the inner and outer guide surfaces are also different.
Um eine einstückige Herstellung des Mischelementes zu ermöglichen wird vorgeschlagen, daß äußere und innere Leitflächen an einem gemeinsamen Halterahmen gehaltert sind.In order to enable the mixing element to be produced in one piece, it is proposed that outer and inner guide surfaces be held on a common holding frame.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist dazu der Halterahmen wenigstens viereckig, vorzugsweise sechseckig oder als sonstiges Vieleck gerader Eckenzahl ausgebildet.In a preferred embodiment, the holding frame is designed to be at least quadrangular, preferably hexagonal or as another polygon with an even number of corners.
Zur gleichmäßigeren Durchmischung wird vorgeschlagen, äußere und innere Leit- flächen abwechselnd am Umfang des Halterahmens anzuordnen, wobei bevorzugt die Fläche einer äußeren Leitfläche in etwa der Fläche einer inneren Leitfläche entspricht.For more uniform mixing, it is proposed to alternately arrange outer and inner guide surfaces on the circumference of the holding frame, with preference the area of an outer guide surface corresponds approximately to the area of an inner guide surface.
Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt ist die äußere Leitfläche wenigstens teilweise der Kontur der Innenoberfläche des Rohres angepaßt, so daß in vorteilhafter Weise auch Teile einer Randströmung von der Innenoberfläche des Rohres „abgeschält" und nach innen gelenkt werden.According to the invention, the outer guide surface is preferably at least partially adapted to the contour of the inner surface of the tube, so that parts of an edge flow are advantageously "peeled off" from the inner surface of the tube and directed inwards.
Zur Verbesserung eines Wärmeaustausches zwischen Fluid und Rohraußenwand weist die äußere Leitfläche wenigstens eine Öffnung aufweist, durch die ein Teil der äußeren Strömung weiter strömt. Dadurch kann auch der direkt hinter einer äußeren Leitfläche liegende Teil der Rohroberfläche noch zum Wärmeaustausch beitragen. Dabei sollte die Größe der Öffnung bevorzugt etwa 20 bis 40 % der äußeren Leitfläche betragen.To improve heat exchange between the fluid and the outer tube wall, the outer guide surface has at least one opening through which part of the outer flow continues to flow. This means that the part of the pipe surface directly behind an outer guide surface can also contribute to heat exchange. The size of the opening should preferably be about 20 to 40% of the outer guide surface.
Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt ist die Öffnung als ein zur Innenoberfläche des Rohres geöffnetes Kreissegment ausgebildet, so daß in vorteilhafter Weise die Nutzung der gesamten Rohrfläche zur Kühlung im wesentlichen gewährleistet ist. Dieses Kreissegment kann vollständig ausgeschnitten werden. Besonders günstig ist es aber, wenn das zur Bildung der Öffnung dienende Segment nicht vollständig abgeschnitten, sondern in Form einer mit dem Mischelement verbundenen Lasche nur nach außen gebogen wird, wo es zur Befestigung an der Innenoberfläche des Rohres dienen kann.According to the invention, the opening is preferably designed as a circle segment open to the inner surface of the tube, so that the use of the entire tube surface for cooling is advantageously essentially ensured. This circle segment can be cut out completely. However, it is particularly expedient if the segment used to form the opening is not completely cut off, but is only bent outward in the form of a tab connected to the mixing element, where it can serve for fastening to the inner surface of the tube.
Besonders günstig ist es, wenn alternativ oder kumulativ hierzu die von innen nach außen gelenkte innere Strömung zusätzlich noch einen Drall in Umfangs- richtung bekommt, so daß direkt wieder heiße Strömungen von innen in den Strömungsschatten hinter die äußeren Leitflächen gelenkt werden. Daher wird vorgeschlagen, die inneren Leitflächen als Drallflügel auszubilden. Bevorzugt ist das Mischelement über die äußeren Leitflächen oder die daraus nach außen gebogenen Laschen mit dem Rohr fügetechnisch verbunden, insbesondere angeschweißt oder angelötet.It is particularly favorable if, alternatively or cumulatively, the inner flow directed from the inside to the outside also gets a swirl in the circumferential direction, so that hot flows are again directed from the inside into the flow shadows behind the outer guide surfaces. It is therefore proposed to design the inner guide surfaces as swirl vanes. The mixing element is preferably connected to the tube by joining technology, in particular welded or soldered, via the outer guide surfaces or the tabs bent outward therefrom.
Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt ist das Mischelement aus einem Blechteil gestanzt oder mit Laser geschnitten einstückig herstellbar, wodurch in vorteilhafter Weise eine preiswerte automatische Fertigung ermöglicht wird.According to the invention, the mixing element is preferably stamped from a sheet metal part or can be produced in one piece with a laser cut, which advantageously enables inexpensive automatic production.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist das Mischelement mindestens teilwei- se beschichtet. Eine Beschichtung des Mischelementes hat den Vorteil, daß diese gewährleistet, daß das Mischelement auftretenden thermischen und dynamischen Belastungen über einen sehr langen Zeitraum standhält. Weiterhin unterstützt beispielsweise eine partielle Beschichtung die Ausbildung einer fügetechnischen Verbindung des Mischelementes mit dem Rohr.According to a further embodiment, the mixing element is at least partially coated. Coating the mixing element has the advantage that it ensures that the mixing element can withstand the thermal and dynamic loads that occur over a very long period of time. Furthermore, for example, a partial coating supports the formation of a joining connection of the mixing element with the pipe.
Das erfindungsgemäße Rohr, insbesondere Abgasrohr eines Kraftfahrzeuges, zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß wenigstens ein Mischelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16 eingebaut ist. Gegenüber bekannten Rohren mit in Reihe angeordneten Mischelementen weist die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung wenigstens die Vorteile einer weitestgehenden homogenen Temperaturverteilung im Fluid nach Durchmischung der inneren und äußeren Strömungen und eines geringen axialen Platzbedarfes aufgrund der verringerten Strömungsstrecke des erfindungsgemäßen Mischelementes auf.The pipe according to the invention, in particular the exhaust pipe of a motor vehicle, is characterized in that at least one mixing element according to one of claims 1 to 16 is installed. Compared to known pipes with mixing elements arranged in series, the arrangement according to the invention has at least the advantages of a largely homogeneous temperature distribution in the fluid after mixing the inner and outer flows and a small axial space requirement due to the reduced flow distance of the mixing element according to the invention.
Der Durchmischungsgrad läßt sich in vorteilhaft etwas weiter steigern, wenn in Hauptströmungsrichtung im Rohr hinter dem ersten Mischelement ein zweites Mischelement so angeordnet ist, daß dessen inneren beziehungsweise äußeren Leitflächen zu den inneren beziehungsweise äußeren Leitflächen des ersten Mischelementes versetzt sind. Für die Stromlinie einer gedachten stationären Strö- mung würde dies bedeuten, daß Teile beispielsweise der äußeren Strömung durch das erste Mischelement nach innen gelenkt würden und durch das nachgeordnete zweite Mischelement wieder nach außen.The degree of mixing can advantageously be increased somewhat further if a second mixing element is arranged in the main flow direction in the tube behind the first mixing element in such a way that its inner or outer guide surfaces are offset from the inner or outer guide surfaces of the first mixing element. For the streamline of an imaginary stationary flow, this would mean that parts of the external flow, for example the first mixing element would be directed inwards and again outwards by the downstream second mixing element.
Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nun anhand eines Ausfuhrungsbeispiels aus der Kfz-Industrie, auf welches die Erfindung jedoch nicht beschränkt ist, und unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung detailliert erläutert.Further advantages and features of the present invention will now be explained in detail on the basis of an exemplary embodiment from the motor vehicle industry, to which the invention is not restricted, however, and with reference to the drawing.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1 ein in einem Abgasrohr einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine eingebautes erfindungsgemäßes Mischelement in der Seitenansicht;1 is a side view of an inventive mixing element installed in an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine;
Fig. 2 das erfindungsgemäße Mischelement gemäß Fig. 1 in der Vorderansicht;FIG. 2 shows the mixing element according to the invention according to FIG. 1 in a front view;
Fig. 3 eine schematische Abwicklung des erfindungsgemäßen Mischelementes nach den Figuren 1 und 2;Figure 3 is a schematic development of the mixing element according to the invention according to Figures 1 and 2.
Fig. 4 eine als Drallflügel ausgebildete innere Leitfläche des erfindungsgemäßen Mischelementes in der Vorderansicht undFig. 4 is a swirl wing formed inner guide surface of the mixing element according to the invention in front view and
Fig. 5 im Längsachsialschnitt bzw. teilweise in Seitenansicht ein Rohr mit zwei erfindungsgemäßen Mischelementen in Serie.Fig. 5 in the longitudinal axial section or partially in side view of a tube with two mixing elements according to the invention in series.
In Figur 1 ist in prinzipieller Darstellung ein in einem Rohr 2, beispielsweise einem Abgasrohr einer nicht dargestellten Verbrennungskraftmaschine, eingebautes erfindungsgemäßes Mischelement 1 in der Seitenansicht dargestellt. Von einer nicht dargestellten Verbrennungskraftmaschine gelangt Abgas in das Abgasrohr 2, in welcher das Mischelement 1 so angeordnet ist, daß in annähernd einer Ebene gleichzeitig Teile der zur Innenoberfläche 3 des Rohres 2 benachbarten äußeren Strömung A nach innen gelenkt werden und Teile der inneren Strömung I nach außen.1 shows a side view of a mixing element 1 according to the invention installed in a pipe 2, for example an exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine, not shown. Exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine (not shown) enters the exhaust pipe 2, in which the mixing element 1 is arranged such that parts of the outer surface adjacent to the inner surface 3 of the pipe 2 are simultaneously in approximately one plane Flow A is directed inwards and parts of the inner flow I outwards.
Dazu weist das Mischelement 1 nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel je drei äußere 4 und innere 5 Leitflächen auf, wobei, wie insbesondere aus den Figuren 2 und 3 deutlich wird, die äußeren Leitflächen 4 trapezähnlich und die inneren Leitflächen 5 dreieckig ausgebildet sind. Die äußeren Leitflächen 4 dienen der Umlenkung äußerer Strömungen A nach innen; die inneren Leitflächen 5 der Umlenkung innerer Strömungen I nach außen. Insbesondere zur Minimierung von Druckverlu- sten im Fluid weisen äußere 4 und innere 5 Leitflächen zur Hauptströmungsrichtung S eine Neigung auf, welche beim Mischelement 1 nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel für die äußere Leitfläche 4 entgegen der Hauptströmungsrichtung S etwa 45 ° und für die innere Leitfläche 5 in Hauptströmungsrichtung S etwa 60 ° beträgt.For this purpose, the mixing element 1 according to the exemplary embodiment has three outer 4 and inner 5 guide surfaces, wherein, as is particularly clear from FIGS. 2 and 3, the outer guide surfaces 4 are trapezoidal and the inner guide surfaces 5 are triangular. The outer guide surfaces 4 serve to deflect external flows A inwards; the inner guide surfaces 5 of the deflection of internal flows I to the outside. In particular to minimize pressure losses in the fluid, outer 4 and inner 5 guide surfaces have an inclination to the main flow direction S, which in the mixing element 1 according to the exemplary embodiment for the outer guide surface 4 against the main flow direction S is approximately 45 ° and for the inner guide surface 5 in the main flow direction S is approximately 60 °.
Äußere 4 und innere 5 Leitflächen sind an einem gemeinsamen Halterahmen 6 gehaltert, welcher beim Mischelement 1 nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel vorzugsweise sechseckig ausgebildet ist.Outer 4 and inner 5 guide surfaces are held on a common holding frame 6, which is preferably hexagonal in the mixing element 1 according to the exemplary embodiment.
Am Umfang des vollständig innerhalb des Strömungsquerschnitts liegenden und im wesentlichen strömungsgünstig parallel zur Hauptströmungsrichtung S verlaufenden Halterahmens 6 sind die äußeren 4 und inneren 5 Leitflächen abwechselnd angeordnet. Die Summe der Flächen der äußeren Leitflächen 4 entspricht bevorzugt in etwa der Summe der Fläche der inneren Leitflächen 5, so daß in vorteil- hafter Weise etwa gleiche Anteile äußerer Strömungen A nach innen und innere Strömungen I nach außen geleitet werden.The outer 4 and inner 5 guide surfaces are alternately arranged on the circumference of the holding frame 6 which lies completely within the flow cross-section and runs essentially in a flow-favorable manner parallel to the main flow direction S. The sum of the areas of the outer guide surfaces 4 preferably corresponds approximately to the sum of the area of the inner guide surfaces 5, so that approximately equal proportions of external flows A are directed inwards and internal flows I are directed outwards.
Wie insbesondere aus den Figuren 2 oder 3 ersichtlich ist, ist jeweils die längsteAs can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2 or 3, the longest is in each case
Seite der trapezähnlichen äußeren Leitflächen 4 wenigstens teilweise der Kontur der Innenoberfläche 3 des Abgasrohres 2 angepaßt. Dies erlaubt z. B. in vorteil- hafter Weise eine fügetechnische Verbindung des Mischelementes 1 mit dem Abgasrohr 2 über die äußeren Leitflächen 4.Side of the trapezoid-like outer guide surfaces 4 at least partially adapted to the contour of the inner surface 3 of the exhaust pipe 2. This allows e.g. B. advantageous a technical connection of the mixing element 1 with the exhaust pipe 2 via the outer guide surfaces 4.
Zudem weist die äußere Leitfläche 4 vorzugsweise wenigstens eine Öffnung 7 auf, durch die ein Teil der äußeren Strömung weiter strömt. Beim Mischelement 1 nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Öffnung 7 als ein zur Innenoberfläche 3 des Rohres 2 geöffnetes etwa halbkreisförmiges Kreissegment ausgebildet ist. Alternativ oder kumulativ kann die äußere Leitfläche 4 Durchgangsbohrungen (nicht dargestellt) ausweisen, durch die gleichfalls Teile der äußeren Strömung weiter strömen können. Das zur Bildung der Öffnung 7 zu entfernende Kreissegment 9 kann, wie in Figur 3 angedeutet auch unvollständig von der Leitfläche 4 getrennt und entlang einer Knicklinie 10 nach außen gebogen werden. Auch so entsteht die gewünschte Öffnung 7, jedoch bildet das nach außen gebogene Kreissegment 9 eine Befestigungsasche, die im wesentlichen an der Innenoberfläche 3 des Rohres 2 anliegt und mit diesem fugetechnisch flächig oder punktuell verbunden werden kann. Diese Art der Verbindung ist in vielen Fällen besser herstellbar als eine Verbindung zwischen dem Rand der äußeren Leitfläche 4 und dem Rohr 2.In addition, the outer guide surface 4 preferably has at least one opening 7 through which part of the external flow continues to flow. In the mixing element 1 according to the exemplary embodiment, the opening 7 is designed as an approximately semicircular circle segment which is open to the inner surface 3 of the tube 2. Alternatively or cumulatively, the outer guide surface 4 can have through holes (not shown) through which parts of the outer flow can also continue to flow. The circle segment 9 to be removed to form the opening 7 can, as indicated in FIG. 3, also be incompletely separated from the guide surface 4 and bent outward along a bending line 10. This is also how the desired opening 7 is created, but the outwardly curved circle segment 9 forms a fastening pocket which essentially bears against the inner surface 3 of the tube 2 and can be joined to it in terms of area or point connection. In many cases, this type of connection can be produced better than a connection between the edge of the outer guide surface 4 and the tube 2.
Besonders günstig ist es, wenn alternativ oder kumulativ zu der Öffnung 7 die von innen nach außen gelenkte innere Strömung I zusätzlich noch einen Drall in Um- fangsrichtung bekommt, so daß direkt wieder heiße Strömung I von innen in den Strömungsschatten hinter die äußeren Leitflächen 4 gelenkt wird. Daher ist es von Vorteil, wenn die inneren Leitflächen 5 als sogenannte Drallflügel ausgebildet sind, so wie das in Fig. 4 schematisch dargestellt ist.It is particularly favorable if, alternatively or cumulatively to the opening 7, the internal flow I directed from the inside to the outside also gets a swirl in the circumferential direction, so that hot flow I from the inside is directed again in the flow shadow behind the outer guide surfaces 4 becomes. It is therefore advantageous if the inner guide surfaces 5 are designed as so-called swirl vanes, as is shown schematically in FIG. 4.
Das erfindungsgemäße Mischelement 1 nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel ist in vorteilhafter Weise aus einem Blechteil gestanzt oder mit Laser geschnitten einstük- kig herstellbar. Eine entsprechende Abwicklung des erfindungsgemäßen Mischelementes ist schematisch in Fig. 3 gezeigt. Je nach Fluid und Anwendung, bei- spielsweise Heißwasseranwendungen, kann das Mischelement aber auch aus anderen Materialien, insbesondere entsprechend geeigneten Kunststoffen gefertigt sein. Als Fertigungstechniken kommen Schneiden oder Stanzen und Umformen, insbesondere Tiefziehen, Spritzgußtechnik und ähnliche Verfahren zur Anwendung.The mixing element 1 according to the embodiment of the invention is advantageously stamped from a sheet metal part or can be produced in one piece with a laser cut. A corresponding development of the mixing element according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 3. Depending on the fluid and application, for example hot water applications, the mixing element can also be made from other materials, in particular correspondingly suitable plastics his. Manufacturing or cutting, stamping and forming, in particular deep drawing, injection molding and similar processes are used.
Ist Blech oder ähnliches das Ausgangsmaterial des Mischelementes 1, so lassen sich nach dem Stanzen oder Laserschneiden der in Fig. 3 schematisch dargestellten abgewickelten Grundform des Mischelementes 1 mittels bekannter Umformtechniken, insbesondere mittels geeigneter Pressen, zunächst die äußeren 4 beziehungsweise inneren 5 Leitflächen bis zur gewünschten Neigung auf- beziehungs- weise abbiegen und anschließend die Eckform des Rahmens formen, welcher schließlich lediglich an seinen Stoßseiten 8 einer fügetechnischen Verbindung, beispielsweise einer Verschweißung, bedarf.If sheet metal or the like is the starting material of the mixing element 1, then after stamping or laser cutting the unwound basic shape of the mixing element 1 shown schematically in FIG. 3, the outer 4 or inner 5 guide surfaces can first be reached to the desired one using known forming techniques, in particular by means of suitable presses Bend or bend the inclination and then form the corner shape of the frame, which ultimately only requires a joining connection, for example a weld, on its abutting sides 8.
So in Massen preiswert fertigbare erfindungsgemäße Mischelemente 1 eignen sich vorzugsweise zum Einbau in einem Abgasrohr 2 eines Kraftfahrzeuges, insbesondere vor einem Wabenkörper, insbesondere einem mit katalytisch aktivem und/oder als Adsorber wirkenden Material beschichteten Wabenkörper. Im Gegensatz zu Rohren mit einem am Anfang eingebauten Wabenkörper, welcher für eine lange Strecke das Abgas in einer laminaren Strömung, insbesondere im we- sentlichen ohne Wärmeaustausch von außen nach innen und umgekehrt führt, weisen erfindungsgemäße Rohre mit einem oder mehreren Mischelementen 1 in vorteilhafter Weise eine stärkere Kühlwirkung bei geringeren Druckverlusten auf.Mixing elements 1 according to the invention that can be mass-produced at low cost are preferably suitable for installation in an exhaust pipe 2 of a motor vehicle, in particular in front of a honeycomb body, in particular a honeycomb body coated with catalytically active and / or acting as an adsorber. In contrast to pipes with a honeycomb body installed at the beginning, which guides the exhaust gas in a laminar flow for a long distance, in particular essentially without heat exchange from the outside in and vice versa, pipes according to the invention with one or more mixing elements 1 advantageously have a stronger cooling effect with lower pressure losses.
Gemäß Figur 5 kann in Hauptströmungsrichtung S im Abgasrohr 2 hinter dem ersten Mischelement 1 ein zweites Mischelement 1 ' angeordnet werden. Als vorteilhaft hat sich dabei erwiesen, das zweite Mischelement 1 ' so anzuordnen, daß dessen äußere 5' beziehungsweise innere 4' Leitflächen zu den äußeren 5 beziehungsweise inneren 4 Leitflächen des ersten Mischelementes 1 versetzt stehen.According to FIG. 5, a second mixing element 1 'can be arranged in the main flow direction S in the exhaust pipe 2 behind the first mixing element 1. It has proven to be advantageous to arrange the second mixing element 1 'in such a way that its outer 5' or inner 4 'guide surfaces are offset from the outer 5 or inner 4 guide surfaces of the first mixing element 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lehre ist nicht auf den im Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellten Bereich der Abgstechnik beschränkt. Vielmehr können erfindungsgemäße Mischelemente 1, 1 ' überall dort Verwendung finden, wo in einem Rohr 2 geführte Fluide gleichmäßig gekühlt oder erwärmt werden und /oder eine möglichst homogene Temperaturverteilung aufweisen sollen, insbesondere um eine thermisch bedingte lokale Schädigung einer nachgeordneten Vorrichtung, insbesonde- re eines NOχ-Speichers zu vermeiden. The teaching according to the invention is not limited to the area of exhaust technology shown in the exemplary embodiment. Rather, according to the invention Mixing elements 1, 1 'can be used wherever fluids guided in a pipe 2 are cooled or heated uniformly and / or should have a temperature distribution that is as homogeneous as possible, in particular in order to thermally cause local damage to a downstream device, in particular a NO χ - To avoid memory.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1, 1 ' Mischelement1, 1 'mixing element
2 Rohr2 pipe
3 Innenoberfläche des Rohres 23 inner surface of the tube 2
4, 4' äußere Leitfläche4, 4 'outer guide surface
5, 5' innere Leitfläche5, 5 'inner guide surface
6 Halterahmen6 holding frames
7 Öffnung7 opening
8 Stoßseiten8 butt sides
9 Befestigungslasche9 fastening tab
10 Knicklinie10 crease line
A äußere StrömungA outer flow
I innere StrömungI inner flow
S Hauptströmungsrichtung S main flow direction

Claims

12 -Patentansprüche 12 -patent claims
1. Mischelement (1) für ein in einem Rohr (2) geführtes Fluid, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in annähernd einer Querschnittsebene des Rohres (2) gleichzeitig Mittel (4) zur Umlenkung von Teilen der zur Innenoberfläche (3) des Rohres (2) benachbarten äußeren Strömung (A) nach innen gelenkt werden und Mittel (5) zur Umlenkung von Teilen der inneren Strömung (I) nach außen vorhanden sind1. Mixing element (1) for a fluid in a tube (2), characterized in that in approximately a cross-sectional plane of the tube (2) at the same time means (4) for deflecting parts of the inner surface (3) of the tube (2) adjacent outer flow (A) are directed inwards and means (5) for diverting parts of the inner flow (I) to the outside are present
2. Mischelement (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zur Umlenkung der äußeren Strömung (A) nach innen wenigstens eine äußere Leitfläche (4) und zur Umlenkung der inneren Strömung I nach außen wenigstens eine innere Leitfläche (5) umfassen.2. Mixing element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for deflecting the outer flow (A) inwardly comprise at least one outer guide surface (4) and for deflecting the inner flow I outwardly at least one inner guide surface (5) ,
3. Mischelement (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die äußere Leitfläche (4) um einen Winkel von 30° bis 60° zur Hauptströmungsrichtung S geneigt ist, insbesondere unter einem Winkel von etwa 45 °.3. Mixing element (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer guide surface (4) is inclined at an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° to the main flow direction S, in particular at an angle of about 45 °.
4. Mischelement (1) nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die innere Leitfläche (5) um eine Winkel von 30° bis 60° zur Hauptströmungsrichtung S geneigt ist, insbesondere unter einem Winkel von etwa4. Mixing element (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the inner guide surface (5) is inclined at an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° to the main flow direction S, in particular at an angle of about
45°.45 °.
5. Mischelement (1) nach Anspruch 2, 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß äußere (4) und innere (5) Leitfläche an einem gemeinsamen Halterahmen (6) gehaltert sind.5. Mixing element (1) according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that outer (4) and inner (5) guide surface are held on a common holding frame (6).
6. Mischelement (1) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Halterahmen (6) wenigstens viereckig, vorzugsweise sechseckig oder als sonstiges Vieleck gerader Eckenzahl ausgebildet ist. 6. Mixing element (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the holding frame (6) is at least square, preferably hexagonal or as a polygon even number of corners.
7. Mischelement (1) nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß äußere (4) und innere (5) Leitflächen abwechselnd am Umfang des Halterahmens (6) angeordnet sind.7. Mixing element (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that outer (4) and inner (5) guide surfaces are arranged alternately on the circumference of the holding frame (6).
8. Mischelement (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fläche einer äußeren Leitfläche (4) in etwa der Fläche einer inneren Leitfläche (5) entspricht.8. Mixing element (1) according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the surface of an outer guide surface (4) corresponds approximately to the surface of an inner guide surface (5).
9. Mischelement (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß die äußere Leitfläche (4) wenigstens teilweise der Kontur der9. Mixing element (1) according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the outer guide surface (4) at least partially the contour of
Innenoberfläche (3) des Rohres (2) angepaßt ist.Inner surface (3) of the tube (2) is adapted.
10. Mischelement (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die äußere Leitfläche (4) wenigstens eine Öffnung (7) auf- weist, durch die ein Teil der äußeren Strömung (A') weiter strömt.10. Mixing element (1) according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the outer guide surface (4) has at least one opening (7) through which a part of the outer flow (A ') flows further.
11. Mischelement (1) nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnung (7) als ein zur Innenoberfläche (3) des Rohres (2) geöffnetes Kreissegment ausgebildet ist.11. Mixing element (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the opening (7) is designed as an open to the inner surface (3) of the tube (2) circle segment.
12. Mischelement (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die innere Leitfläche (5) als Drallflügel ausgebildet ist, so daß die von innen nach außen gelenkte Strömung I einen Drall in Um- fangsrichtung bekommt.12. Mixing element (1) according to one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that the inner guide surface (5) is designed as a swirl wing, so that the flow I directed from the inside out gets a swirl in the circumferential direction.
13. Mischelement (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mischelement (1) über die äußeren Leitflächen (4) mit dem Rohr (2) fügetechnisch verbunden, insbesondere angeschweißt oder angelötet, ist. 13. Mixing element (1) according to one of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that the mixing element (1) via the outer guide surfaces (4) with the tube (2) connected by joining, in particular welded or soldered.
14. Mischelement (1) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es einstückig aus einem Blechteil gestanzt oder mit Laser geschnitten ist.14. Mixing element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is stamped in one piece from a sheet metal part or cut with a laser.
15. Mischelement (1) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es mindestens teilweise beschichtet ist.15. Mixing element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is at least partially coated.
16. Rohr (2), insbesondere Abgasrohr eines Kraftfahrzeuges, in dem wenigstens ein Mischelement (1) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche einge- baut ist.16. Pipe (2), in particular exhaust pipe of a motor vehicle, in which at least one mixing element (1) according to one of the preceding claims is installed.
17. Rohr (2) nach Anspruch 16, in dem in einer Hauptströmungsrichtung (S) hinter einem ersten Mischelement (1) wenigstens ein zweites Mischelement (1') so angeordnet ist, daß dessen innere (5') beziehungsweise äußere (4') Leitflächen zu den inneren (5) beziehungsweise äußeren (4) Leitflächen des ersten Mischelementes (1) versetzt sind. 17. Pipe (2) according to claim 16, in which in a main flow direction (S) behind a first mixing element (1) at least a second mixing element (1 ') is arranged such that its inner (5') or outer (4 ') Guide surfaces are offset from the inner (5) or outer (4) guide surfaces of the first mixing element (1).
EP00951497A 1999-08-17 2000-08-11 Mixer element for a fluid that is guided in a pipe Withdrawn EP1204816A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19938840 1999-08-17
DE19938840A DE19938840A1 (en) 1999-08-17 1999-08-17 Mixing element for a fluid guided in a pipe
PCT/EP2000/007831 WO2001012960A1 (en) 1999-08-17 2000-08-11 Mixer element for a fluid that is guided in a pipe

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EP1204816A1 true EP1204816A1 (en) 2002-05-15

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Country Status (7)

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US (1) US20020110047A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1204816A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003507688A (en)
CN (1) CN1148511C (en)
AU (1) AU6441300A (en)
DE (1) DE19938840A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001012960A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
JP2003507688A (en) 2003-02-25
AU6441300A (en) 2001-03-13
WO2001012960A1 (en) 2001-02-22
US20020110047A1 (en) 2002-08-15
DE19938840A1 (en) 2001-03-15
CN1370255A (en) 2002-09-18
CN1148511C (en) 2004-05-05

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