EP1203060B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verwertung von gasen aus dem absetzbecken - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verwertung von gasen aus dem absetzbecken Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1203060B1
EP1203060B1 EP00956386A EP00956386A EP1203060B1 EP 1203060 B1 EP1203060 B1 EP 1203060B1 EP 00956386 A EP00956386 A EP 00956386A EP 00956386 A EP00956386 A EP 00956386A EP 1203060 B1 EP1203060 B1 EP 1203060B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
cooling water
temperature
synthesis gas
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00956386A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1203060A1 (de
Inventor
Günter H. KISS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thermoselect AG
Original Assignee
Thermoselect AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thermoselect AG filed Critical Thermoselect AG
Publication of EP1203060A1 publication Critical patent/EP1203060A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1203060B1 publication Critical patent/EP1203060B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
    • C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
    • C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/154—Pushing devices, e.g. pistons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
    • C10J2300/1823—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water for synthesis gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50209—Compacting waste before burning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50213—Preheating processes other than drying or pyrolysis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for disposal and utilization of waste of all kinds, in the unsorted, untreated, any pollutants in solid and / or liquid industrial, Household and special waste as well as industrial goods wrecks one Subjected to temperature exposure.
  • the invention relates to disposal and recovery of gases used in rapid cooling of raw synthesis gas from the cooling water be recorded and then in one Calming area of the cooling water from this again outgas.
  • the present invention further relates to a device for the above method and to uses of the device according to the invention and procedures.
  • Household waste is an uncontrolled heterogeneous Mixture that contains almost all types of hazardous waste fractions and contain organic components can and is not in terms of disposal yet Classified in relation to its environmental impact.
  • Waste incineration One of the disposal and recovery processes for Waste is waste incineration. With the known Waste incineration plants pass through the disposal goods a wide temperature range up to approx. 1000 ° C. At these temperatures, mineral and metallic residues are not melted, around subsequent gas production stages if possible disturb. The inherent in the remaining solids Energy is not used or is used only inadequately.
  • Previous pyrolysis processes in conventional reactors have a width similar to that of waste incineration Temperature range. Rule in the gasification zone high temperatures. The hot gases that form are used to preheat the not yet pyrolyzed Used waste, cool down here and there also go through the chlorinated for the new formation Hydrocarbons relevant and therefore dangerous Temperature range. To be an ecologically safe to produce usable clean gas Pyrolysis gases as a rule before cleaning Crackers.
  • EP 91 11 8158.4 (EP-A-0 520 086) describes a method for disposal and utilization of waste goods known that avoids the disadvantages described above.
  • the waste goods of a gradual application of temperature and thermal separation or conversion subjected and the accumulated solid residues converted into a high temperature melt.
  • the goods to be disposed of are added in batches
  • Compact packages compress and go through the temperature treatment stages towards increasing temperature from a low temperature level in which under Maintaining pressurization a form and frictional contact with the walls of the reaction vessel is ensured and organic components be degassed to a high temperature zone, in which the degassed waste is a gas permeable Bulk forms and controlled by Addition of oxygen synthesis gas is generated.
  • This Syngas then becomes the high temperature zone derived and can be further used.
  • This derivation of the raw synthesis gas of the high temperature reactor is in turn fixed with a gas chamber connected to rapid gas cooling, which is a water injection device for cold water in the hot raw synthesis gas stream has.
  • This rapid gas cooling (Shock cooling) prevents a renewed synthesis of Pollutants because the raw synthesis gas through the blast cooling the critical temperature range very quickly passes through and is cooled to a temperature, in which a new synthesis of the pollutants no longer takes place.
  • This cold water injection into the raw synthesis gas stream also eliminates entrained in the gas stream Liquid or solid particles, so that after rapid cooling, a well pre-cleaned raw synthesis gas is obtained.
  • cooling water When cooling water is injected into the raw synthesis gas stream are essentially liquid or Solid particles taken up from the raw synthesis gas stream, which then in a calming zone (Sedimentation tanks), such as a lamella clarifier, be removed from the cooling water again, so that the cooling water in the circuit to cool the Raw synthesis gas stream and for the purification of this synthesis gas stream of liquid or solid particles can be performed.
  • a calming zone such as a lamella clarifier
  • a disadvantage of this method is that the cold water sprayed into the raw synthesis gas stream not only absorbs the liquid components and solid particles in the raw synthesis gas stream, but also dissolves or in the form of gaseous components of the synthesis gas, such as H 2 S, CO, H 2 and CO 2 dispersed small gas bubbles.
  • the cooling water is then fed into the sedimentation basin to separate the fine particles from the cooling water.
  • US 4 141 695 discloses a method for gas purification, the quench water with an aqueous Emulsion and an organic extractant mixed and then separated again Remove impurities from the quench water.
  • the quench water prepared in this way can then be used again be used.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method an apparatus and uses thereof for To provide with those in the sedimentation tank components that degas from the cooling water are environmentally friendly and disposed of or recycled at low cost can be.
  • the inventive method follows that methods disclosed in EP-A-0 520 086.
  • the procedure described there and the Device described there are invented now further developed by the fact that from the cooling water outgassing components in a calming area from this calming area ( Lamella clarifier) are suctioned off. That is it now possible to generate this gas, which its composition the purified raw synthesis gas corresponds, then in different ways and Way to recycle.
  • the Degree of utilization of the entire plant and of the whole Process improved and the environment from the out of the Components that outgass cooling water are spared.
  • the gas from the sedimentation basin passed back into the raw synthesis gas stream be, on the one hand, before the rapid cooling can take place or also in the raw synthesis gas stream, that leaves the rapid cooling. Because that from Gas that outgasses cooling water already has rapid cooling go through and is sufficiently cooled and cleaned to with the exiting from the rapid cooling Raw synthesis gas stream to be mixed.
  • the extraction must be explosion-proof. This also applies to an extraction system Subsequent optional compression of the cooling water escaping gas.
  • the highly compressed waste goes through in stage 2) a thrust channel 6 with exclusion of oxygen at temperatures up to 600 ° C.
  • Organic components of the Waste are degassed.
  • the gases flow through the Shear furnace 6 waste in the direction of the process stage 3). They contribute to this flow as well as a good heat transfer as the intensive Pressure contact of the waste with the push furnace walls.
  • This pressure contact remains the entire length of the furnace and the entirety of the channel surfaces received so that at the end of the waste cycle degassing of the organic through the thrust channel Substances is largely complete.
  • the high-purity synthesis gas can have a volume flow dependent on the waste composition and quantity and also a varying concentration of hydrogen. Therefore, after the gas scrubbing, the volume flow and the hydrogen content of the purified synthesis gas are determined and these values are fed to a control system.
  • This control now controls, as described above, the supply of oxygen and the supply of fuel, for example natural gas or synthesis gas in process stage 3), in which the previously degassed waste gasifies at temperatures of up to 2000 ° C. by adding 0 2 becomes.
  • both the volume flow and the hydrogen content of the synthesis gas produced can be influenced.
  • a gas synthesis gas with a regulated constant volume flow and also a regulated constant hydrogen content is therefore available to the gas utilization after the gas scrubbing.
  • Metals and minerals are useful post-treatment with oxygen subjected to more than 1400 ° C. This entrains Removes carbon and mineralization completed.
  • the discharge of the solids for example in a water bath, closes the disposal process from.
  • metals and alloying elements and complete mineralized non-metals side by side.
  • ferroalloys can be separated magnetically.
  • the Leach-proof mineralized non-metals can be reused in many ways, for example in expanded pellet form or - processed into rock wool - As an insulating material or directly as granules for Fillers in road construction and in the production of concrete.
  • Fig. 1 also shows typical in the individual areas Process data of an exemplary advantageous Process implementation. Degassing is a function the temperature T, the time, the pressure and the Waste composition.
  • composition and the volume flow now depend of the available carbon, oxygen and water vapor from.
  • the amount of Available carbon (fuel supply for Gas phase) and oxygen (oxygen supply via oxygen lances is controlled in the gas phase) the composition of the synthesis gas that already a relatively high quality in the known method owns, further optimized and is therefore suitable ideal for use e.g. in gas engines for electricity generation or for chemical processes.
  • Fig. 1 the compression is carried out by a compression press 1, the structure of a well-known Corresponds to scrap press, e.g. For the scrapping of vehicles is used.
  • a swiveling press plate 2 enables loading the press 1 with mixed waste.
  • a pressing surface 3 is located itself in the left position so that the loading space the press is fully open. By the Swinging the press plate 2 into the horizontal shown Position, the waste is initially vertical Direction condensed. Then the moves Press surface 3 horizontally in the solid lines shown location and compacted the waste package in the horizontal direction. The necessary for this Opposing forces are not shown by a extendable and retractable counter plate included.
  • the counter plate is extended and the compacted Waste plugs with the help of those moving to the right Press surface 3 in an unheated area 5 of the push oven 6 and thus its total content transported accordingly, recompressed and in pressure contact with the duct or furnace wall held. Then the pressing surface 3 in the left end position moved back, the counter plate retracted and the pressure plate 2 in the dashed shown vertical position pivoted back.
  • the Compression press 1 is ready for a new loading.
  • the waste compaction is so great that the in inserted the unheated area 5 of the push oven 6 Waste plug is gastight. Heating the Pusher furnace is made by flame and / or exhaust gases flow through a heating jacket 8 in the direction of the arrow.
  • the solid piece goods obtained in this way form a gas-permeable bed 20 in the high-temperature reactor, in which the carbon of the carbonized material is first burned to CO 2 or CO using oxygen lances 12.
  • the smoldering gases flowing through the reactor 10 swirling above the bed 20 are completely detoxified by cracking. Between C, CO 2 , CO and the water vapor expelled from the waste there is a temperature-related reaction equilibrium in the synthesis gas formation.
  • This raw synthesis gas is passed via a raw synthesis gas line 100 to a container or chamber 14, in which the synthesis gas is shock-cooled to less than 100 ° C. by water injection.
  • Components entrained in the gas (minerals and / or metal in the molten state) are separated in the cooling water, water vapor is condensed, so that the gas volume is reduced and gas cleaning is thus facilitated, which can follow the shock cooling in known arrangements.
  • the water used for the shock-like cooling of the synthesis gas stream can, if appropriate, be used again for cooling after purification and consequently be circulated.
  • the rapid cooling of the raw synthesis gas by spraying cooling water into the raw synthesis gas stream not only are liquid components and solid components (dusts, etc.) removed from the raw synthesis gas, but the cooling water also absorbs gas components from the raw synthesis gas.
  • the melts enter directly into an aftertreatment reactor 16, in which they are exposed to temperatures of more than 1400 ° C. in an oxygen atmosphere introduced with the aid of an O 2 lance 13, optionally supported by gas burners (not shown). Carried carbon particles are oxidized, the melt is homogenized and its viscosity is reduced.
  • the cooling water is from the container 14 via a Outlet 102 in a calming area, here one Lamellar clarifier 103 directed where the contained in it Solids, e.g. Suspended components, settle and removed through a slurry outlet 104.
  • the cooling water purified in this way is passed through a Water outlet 105 and a water inlet 107 in the Container 14 again for cooling the raw synthesis gas used and consequently in a cycle.
  • the cleaned raw synthesis gas leaves the container 14 via a discharge line 101 to subsequently a delicates wash or to be subjected to fine cleaning.
  • a gas space 106 in which the dissolved and emulsified gas components of the cooling water outgas.
  • This gas space is through a gas outlet 110 with a suction and compression device 111 connected.
  • This suction and compression 111 sucks the gas components escaping from the cooling water from the airspace 106 and compresses them to them to bring a pressure that is above the pressure in the High temperature reactor 10 is.
  • a fuel for example Natural gas or synthesis gas via a fuel feed line 112 and then over a Gas nozzle 113 introduced into the high-temperature reactor, where it burned completely and the one in the High temperature reactor processes becomes.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further device according to the invention, the same with the same reference numerals Components and parts are designated.
  • the difference to the device in Fig. 1 now the gas emerging from the cooling water in the gas space 106 collected and via a gas outlet 120 of a suction and compression device 121 supplied.
  • the components outgassing from the cooling water correspond the raw synthesis gas, so that it is as in FIG. 2 shown in the container 14 prior to rapid cooling in the tube synthesis gas stream 100 via a gas supply 122 can be initiated. In this case too Completely emission-free disposal or recycling of these outgassing components.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further device according to the invention, where also the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1 for the same components and elements be used.
  • the components outgassing into the gas space 106 via lines 130 and 134 fed to a combustion chamber 131, where they burned 133 with low emissions under oxygen and the combustion gases over a fireplace 132 released into the environment.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
EP00956386A 1999-08-06 2000-08-03 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verwertung von gasen aus dem absetzbecken Expired - Lifetime EP1203060B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19937188 1999-08-06
DE19937188A DE19937188C1 (de) 1999-08-06 1999-08-06 Verfahren zur Verwertung von Gasen aus dem Absetzbecken
PCT/EP2000/007530 WO2001010977A1 (de) 1999-08-06 2000-08-03 Verfahren zur verwertung von gasen aus dem absetzbecken

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1203060A1 EP1203060A1 (de) 2002-05-08
EP1203060B1 true EP1203060B1 (de) 2004-03-17

Family

ID=7917473

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00956386A Expired - Lifetime EP1203060B1 (de) 1999-08-06 2000-08-03 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verwertung von gasen aus dem absetzbecken

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1203060B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP4445177B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR100679143B1 (ko)
AT (1) ATE262019T1 (ko)
AU (1) AU6834800A (ko)
DE (2) DE19937188C1 (ko)
ES (1) ES2215061T3 (ko)
PT (1) PT1203060E (ko)
WO (1) WO2001010977A1 (ko)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2148135A1 (de) 2008-07-25 2010-01-27 Litesso-Anstalt Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von Abfallgütern

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003004942A1 (de) * 2001-07-05 2003-01-16 Paul Scherrer Institut Reaktor zur nutzung von solarer strahlungswärme
DE10313967A1 (de) * 2003-03-27 2004-10-14 Thermoselect Ag Verfahren zur Entsorgung von Staub- und/oder partikelförmigen Abfallgütern
UA109765C2 (uk) * 2008-08-30 2015-10-12 Спосіб виробництва чистого гарячого газа на основі твердих палив
KR101677421B1 (ko) * 2015-03-13 2016-11-18 (주)청류에프앤에스 재순환식 미세먼지 및 수분 저감장치
CN107088346A (zh) * 2017-06-23 2017-08-25 蔡井辉 一种锅炉除尘净化装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4141695A (en) * 1978-04-28 1979-02-27 Texaco Inc. Process for gas cleaning with reclaimed water
DE2853989C2 (de) * 1978-12-14 1980-07-31 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum Behandeln von wasserhaltigem Kondensat aus der Kühlung des Rohgases der Druckvergasung
DE3207779A1 (de) * 1982-03-04 1983-09-08 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum behandeln von wasserhaltigem kondensat aus der kuehlung des rohgases der kohledruckvergasung
DE3515484A1 (de) * 1985-04-30 1986-10-30 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum behandeln von kondensat aus dem produktgas der vergasung fester brennstoffe
DK0661368T3 (da) * 1991-06-18 1997-01-20 Thermoselect Ag Fremgangsmåde til nyttiggørelse af affald, hvorved affald behandles termiske og udsættes for en fuldstænding stofomdannelse
US6036748A (en) * 1997-06-06 2000-03-14 Texaco Inc. Black water flash and vapor recovery method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2148135A1 (de) 2008-07-25 2010-01-27 Litesso-Anstalt Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von Abfallgütern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1203060E (pt) 2004-08-31
WO2001010977A1 (de) 2001-02-15
DE50005708D1 (de) 2004-04-22
KR20020050783A (ko) 2002-06-27
AU6834800A (en) 2001-03-05
ATE262019T1 (de) 2004-04-15
JP2003506215A (ja) 2003-02-18
ES2215061T3 (es) 2004-10-01
EP1203060A1 (de) 2002-05-08
JP4445177B2 (ja) 2010-04-07
DE19937188C1 (de) 2000-12-14
KR100679143B1 (ko) 2007-02-05

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