EP1201993A1 - Müllverbrennungsverfahren und Müllverbrennungsanlage - Google Patents

Müllverbrennungsverfahren und Müllverbrennungsanlage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1201993A1
EP1201993A1 EP00123175A EP00123175A EP1201993A1 EP 1201993 A1 EP1201993 A1 EP 1201993A1 EP 00123175 A EP00123175 A EP 00123175A EP 00123175 A EP00123175 A EP 00123175A EP 1201993 A1 EP1201993 A1 EP 1201993A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste material
combustion chamber
incineration process
process according
burning
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00123175A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manop Piyasil
Somjit Piyasil
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP00123175A priority Critical patent/EP1201993A1/de
Publication of EP1201993A1 publication Critical patent/EP1201993A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/24—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
    • F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50204—Waste pre-treatment by pyrolysis, gasification or cracking

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a waste material incineration process and to apparatus for the incineration of waste material.
  • the waste material to which this invention relates encompasses a range of unwanted materials such as are found in domestic and industrial waste, of the type which comprises a substantial proportion of combustible materials, and which are therefore suitable for disposal (or at least part-disposal) by burning or incineration.
  • incinerators One basic category of incinerators includes apparatus having only a single combustion chamber, in which the waste material is burned using a fuel/air mixture which is injected into the combustion chamber. This type of incinerator is commonly used at present, with relatively small such incinerators being used, for example, in a variety of factories and hospitals.
  • a second category of incinerators uses two separate combustion chambers - a first chamber in which the waste material is burned, and a second chamber in which the released gaseous pollutants are burned, thus "cleaning" the products of the waste material incineration process.
  • a waste material incineration process comprising
  • At least part of the second combustion chamber is located within the first combustion chamber.
  • Said heat may be transferred from the second combustion chamber to the first combustion chamber through a wall of the second combustion chamber.
  • An inlet to the second combustion chamber may be generally concentric with the first combustion chamber.
  • the second combustion chamber is provided with a barrier which serves, in use, to improve mixing of the gas or gases with air which is used during the burning.
  • the barrier may be provided by material surrounding an orifice which is located within the second combustion chamber, and the barrier may conveniently be generally annular.
  • Part of the second combustion chamber may be arranged generally helically within the first combustion chamber.
  • the inlet to the second combustion chamber is located within part of the helix.
  • the air which is used during said burning preferably draws the inflammable gas or gases from the first combustion chamber towards the second combustion chamber.
  • the drawing may be caused by a venturi effect at the outlet end of an air supply.
  • Waste material may be supplied to the first combustion chamber using a screw feeder, the screw feeder being disposed within a feed conduit, the feed conduit having an open discharge end in communication with the first combustion chamber, the discharge end protruding beyond the free end of the screw.
  • One or more stirrers may be provided within the first combustion chamber, the or each stirrer preferably comprising a screw formation which is rotatable about an axis.
  • the axis of rotation is preferably generally vertical.
  • the heating of the waste material in the first combustion chamber is initially effected by burning a combustible fuel (diesel, for example) which is supplied to the first combustion chamber, said fuel being used until the flammable gas or gases is/are produced, such that the heating of the waste material may then continue using only the heat produced by the burning of said flammable gas or gases.
  • a combustible fuel diesel, for example
  • a waste material incineration process comprising
  • the invention in its second aspect, may comprise one or more of the features set out in relation to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the combustible fuel may be diesel.
  • apparatus for the incineration of waste material comprising
  • the invention in its third aspect, may comprise one or more of the features and/or components described in relation to the first and/or second aspects of the present invention.
  • an incinerator 10 comprises a housing 11 formed from a suitable heat and corrosion resistant metal, there being provided within an outer wall of the housing 11 a layer of insulation material 12.
  • the incinerator 10 comprises a first combustion chamber 13 to which is supplied waste material to be incinerated, by a screw feeder 14 disposed within a supply conduit 15.
  • the supply conduit 15 has an open discharge end 16 which protrudes further into the first combustion chamber then the screw 17 of the screw feeder, thus ensuring that an amount of "packed” waste material is always present between the end of the screw 17 and the open discharge end 16 of the supply conduit. This quantity of "packed” waste material ensures that little or no back flow of flammable gases can occur through the screw feeder.
  • the first combustion chamber 13 is generally cylindrical in configuration, there being provided, generally concentric with the first combustion chamber, a second combustion chamber 18, the second combustion chamber 18 having an inlet 19 located towards a lower part thereof.
  • a generally annular barrier 20 Located within the inlet 19 is a generally annular barrier 20, the annular barrier defining a generally circular orifice 21, the purpose of which is described below.
  • the first combustion chamber 13 Located within the first combustion chamber 13 are four stirrers generally indicated at 22, the stirrers each having a rotatable rod 23, to which are mounted screw configurations 24 which continually agitate the waste material which is supplied to the first combustion chamber by the screw feeder 14. Disposed around the inner wall 25 of the first combustion chamber 13 is an angled collar 26 which serves to guide the waste material away from the inner wall and towards a waste burning region generally indicated at 27.
  • the waste burning region includes a somewhat conical grate 28 mounted above a support plate 29, the grate 28 serving to support part-burned waste material during the latter stages of combustion.
  • an air inlet pipe 30 a Located generally centrally of the grate 28 is an air inlet pipe 30 a through which combustion air is supplied to the incinerator, in generally conventional manner. Air is also supplied to the system through a secondary air inlet pipe 30 b , having outlets 32 (below the grate 28) and 33 (below an additional guide collar 34).
  • Air exiting the outlets 32 and 33 is effective to dislodge combusted or part-combusted material from the grate 28 and guide collar 34, causing it to fall to an ash collecting funnel 35 disposed towards the bottom of the incinerator.
  • a combustible fuel such as diesel is supplied to the incinerator, being sent through a duct (not shown) and supplied to the open upper part 36 of the inlet pipe 30 a .
  • the fuel/air mixture is ignited in generally conventional manner, with the fuel/air mixture thus burning in the second combustion chamber 18, the temperature rising up to a maximum of about 800 to 900°C.
  • the barrier 20 restricts the flow (i.e. increases its turbulence) of the fuel/air mixture, thus improving the mixing thereof, and thus allowing more complete combustion of the combustible fuel.
  • the thermally conductive (e.g. metallic) wall 37 of the second combustion chamber 18 which in turn heats the first combustion chamber surrounding it.
  • Waste material is then supplied to the first combustion chamber 13 by the screw feeder 14, the material dropping into the first combustion chamber, down towards the grate 28, with the stirrers 22 being effective to continually agitate the material as the level of waste material builds up within the first combustion chamber 13.
  • the temperature within the second combustion chamber is monitored by a temperature probe (not shown) so that the supply of combustible fuel may be cut off once the temperature has reached a certain level.
  • This level is selected to be that at which a sufficient quantity of flammable gases are produced from the waste material for the combustion in the second combustion chamber 18 to consist purely of the burning of the waste gases.
  • the inflammable gases are entrained within the air flow exiting the air inlet pipe 30 a , the flammable gases being sucked into gas conduits 38 having inlet openings 39 disposed just beneath the guide collar 26, which protects them from blockages.
  • the underside of the guide collar 26 also acts as something of a gas trap, which enables a gas build-up to occur, thus increasing the concentration of the flammable gas in the vapour mixture which is entrained with the airflow.
  • Flammable gas is also drawn down towards the opening 39 of the gas conduit 38 through a number of vertically orientated ducts 40 which are disposed around the inner wall 25 of the first combustion chamber 13.
  • the ducts are perforated to allow the passage of gas, although the perforations are sufficiently small so that solids from the waste material cannot pass therethrough, causing blockages to the gas conduits 38 which are disposed towards the bottom of the first combustion chamber 13.
  • the pyrolyised waste material eventually falls to the grate 28, at which point a final burning process takes place.
  • Air is supplied to the underside of the grate 28 through an outlet 32 of a secondary inlet pipe 30 b , this air serving not only to facilitate the final combustion of the waste materials but also to ensure that the burnt materials are dislodged from the grate, so that they fall down to the ash collecting funnel 35, for collection and subsequent disposal, in generally conventional manner.
  • Air from the secondary air inlet pipe 30 b is also discharged through an outlet 33 which prevents any build up of combusted or part-combusted material on the upper surface of the guide collar 34.
  • the incinerator shown in Figures 1 and 2 has a second combustion chamber 18 having an exhaust outlet 41 which emits the combusted/part-combusted flammable gases either to the atmosphere or to a further scrubbing apparatus, as appropriate.
  • the incinerator shown in Figures 3 and 4 which has corresponding parts numbered using the same nomenclature as is used in Figures 1 and 2, but with the addition of 100, whilst being very similar in construction, is somewhat larger.
  • the increase in size allows the second combustion chamber 118 to extend around the innerside of the first combustion chamber 113 in a generally helical manner, with the exhaust in this case (141) being located in the first combustion chamber 113 at a lower point, indicated generally at 42 in Figure 3.
  • this helical construction more use is made of the heat produced during combustion of the flammable gases, in that more of the heat is put back into the first combustion chamber 113 through the walls of the exhaust. As will be appreciated, this in turn improves the degree of heating of the waste material, allowing more flammable gases to be produced.
  • the invention provides a waste material incineration process and apparatus which makes use not only of the heat which is produced during combustion of the dangerous pollutant gases which are produced during heating of the incoming waste material, but which also eventually allows the process to be sustained without the need for any additional combustible fuel to be added to the system. This results not only in a much cleaner output, but also results in considerable cost savings in view of the reduced amount of combustible fuel which is required.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
EP00123175A 2000-10-25 2000-10-25 Müllverbrennungsverfahren und Müllverbrennungsanlage Withdrawn EP1201993A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00123175A EP1201993A1 (de) 2000-10-25 2000-10-25 Müllverbrennungsverfahren und Müllverbrennungsanlage

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00123175A EP1201993A1 (de) 2000-10-25 2000-10-25 Müllverbrennungsverfahren und Müllverbrennungsanlage

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010022741A2 (en) * 2008-08-30 2010-03-04 Dall Energy Holding Aps Method and system for production of a clean hot gas based on solid fuels
WO2011079837A3 (de) * 2009-12-30 2012-03-01 Wörle Umwelt Technik Gmbh Brennersystem
WO2012174939A1 (zh) * 2011-06-22 2012-12-27 宜昌市九天环保科技有限公司 垃圾热解气化炉
WO2018172577A1 (es) * 2017-03-24 2018-09-27 Af Ingenieria, S.L. Equipo de tratamiento de residuos
CN110207128A (zh) * 2019-07-10 2019-09-06 赤峰红山圣火生物质能科技开发有限公司 一种垃圾焚烧炉
EP3960837A1 (de) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-02 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Festbett-pyrovergasungsreaktor mit verbessertem leistungsgrad

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE537255A (de) *
FR1556411A (de) * 1967-12-29 1969-02-07
US3680503A (en) * 1969-10-02 1972-08-01 Gunnar Danielsson Incinerator
US3961587A (en) * 1973-12-29 1976-06-08 Yugenkaisha Sankyo Furnace Combustion equipment in which humid combustible excreta and disposed materials such as livestock excreta, paper sludge can be burnt spontaneously
US4261269A (en) * 1977-08-04 1981-04-14 Kernforschungsanlage Julich Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Furnace for incinerating waste
EP0096169A1 (de) * 1982-06-11 1983-12-21 Johann Sulzberger Verfahren und Verbrennungsofen zur Verbrennung von minderwertigem Brennmaterial, insbesondere Müllpellets
DE3511807A1 (de) * 1985-03-30 1986-10-09 Uwe 2322 Tröndel Niebuhr Mehrstoffvergaser- und brennofen
FR2599124A1 (fr) * 1986-05-23 1987-11-27 Caliqua Installation perfectionnee pour la destruction par incineration des ordures menageres ou autres matieres
AT400579B (de) * 1994-04-19 1996-01-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren zur verarbeitung von verunreinigtem material
FR2733031A1 (fr) * 1995-04-14 1996-10-18 Jacques Cosse Incinerateur d'ordures menageres et autres combustibles solides

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE537255A (de) *
FR1556411A (de) * 1967-12-29 1969-02-07
US3680503A (en) * 1969-10-02 1972-08-01 Gunnar Danielsson Incinerator
US3961587A (en) * 1973-12-29 1976-06-08 Yugenkaisha Sankyo Furnace Combustion equipment in which humid combustible excreta and disposed materials such as livestock excreta, paper sludge can be burnt spontaneously
US4261269A (en) * 1977-08-04 1981-04-14 Kernforschungsanlage Julich Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Furnace for incinerating waste
EP0096169A1 (de) * 1982-06-11 1983-12-21 Johann Sulzberger Verfahren und Verbrennungsofen zur Verbrennung von minderwertigem Brennmaterial, insbesondere Müllpellets
DE3511807A1 (de) * 1985-03-30 1986-10-09 Uwe 2322 Tröndel Niebuhr Mehrstoffvergaser- und brennofen
FR2599124A1 (fr) * 1986-05-23 1987-11-27 Caliqua Installation perfectionnee pour la destruction par incineration des ordures menageres ou autres matieres
AT400579B (de) * 1994-04-19 1996-01-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren zur verarbeitung von verunreinigtem material
FR2733031A1 (fr) * 1995-04-14 1996-10-18 Jacques Cosse Incinerateur d'ordures menageres et autres combustibles solides

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010022741A3 (en) * 2008-08-30 2010-08-19 Dall Energy Holding Aps Method and system for production of a clean hot gas based on solid fuels
JP2012500958A (ja) * 2008-08-30 2012-01-12 ダル エナジー ホールディング エーピーエス 固形燃料から清浄な高温ガスを製造する方法および装置
US9170019B2 (en) 2008-08-30 2015-10-27 Dall Energy Holdings ApS Method and system for production of a clean hot gas based on solid fuels
EA022238B1 (ru) * 2008-08-30 2015-11-30 ДАЛЛ ЭНЕРДЖИ ХОЛДИНГ АпС Способ и система для производства чистого горячего газа на основе твердых топлив
WO2010022741A2 (en) * 2008-08-30 2010-03-04 Dall Energy Holding Aps Method and system for production of a clean hot gas based on solid fuels
WO2011079837A3 (de) * 2009-12-30 2012-03-01 Wörle Umwelt Technik Gmbh Brennersystem
WO2012174939A1 (zh) * 2011-06-22 2012-12-27 宜昌市九天环保科技有限公司 垃圾热解气化炉
US11333354B2 (en) 2017-03-24 2022-05-17 Af Ingenieria, S.L. System for waste treatment
WO2018172577A1 (es) * 2017-03-24 2018-09-27 Af Ingenieria, S.L. Equipo de tratamiento de residuos
KR20190127891A (ko) * 2017-03-24 2019-11-13 에이에프 인제니에리아, 에스.엘. 폐기물 처리 유닛
JP2020515671A (ja) * 2017-03-24 2020-05-28 アーエーフェ・インゲニエリア・ソシエダッド・リミターダ 廃棄物処理ユニット
IL269526B (en) * 2017-03-24 2022-07-01 Af Ingenieria S L Wastewater treatment system
CN110207128A (zh) * 2019-07-10 2019-09-06 赤峰红山圣火生物质能科技开发有限公司 一种垃圾焚烧炉
CN110207128B (zh) * 2019-07-10 2023-12-22 赤峰红山圣火生物质能科技开发有限公司 一种垃圾焚烧炉
FR3113679A1 (fr) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-04 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Réacteur de pyro-gazéification a lit fixe présentant un rendement amélioré
EP3960837A1 (de) * 2020-08-31 2022-03-02 Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives Festbett-pyrovergasungsreaktor mit verbessertem leistungsgrad

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