EP1200715A1 - Method for regulating the regeneration of a storage catalyst located in an exhaust gas channel of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method for regulating the regeneration of a storage catalyst located in an exhaust gas channel of an internal combustion engine

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Publication number
EP1200715A1
EP1200715A1 EP00943972A EP00943972A EP1200715A1 EP 1200715 A1 EP1200715 A1 EP 1200715A1 EP 00943972 A EP00943972 A EP 00943972A EP 00943972 A EP00943972 A EP 00943972A EP 1200715 A1 EP1200715 A1 EP 1200715A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
internal combustion
combustion engine
regeneration
exhaust gas
regulating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00943972A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1200715B1 (en
Inventor
Ekkehard Pott
Rolf Bosse
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Publication of EP1200715A1 publication Critical patent/EP1200715A1/en
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Publication of EP1200715B1 publication Critical patent/EP1200715B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for regulating a regeneration of a storage catalytic converter arranged in an exhaust gas duct of an internal combustion engine with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • oxidizing agents such as NO x
  • NO x oxidizing agents
  • storage catalysts are used to avoid NO x emissions. These absorb NO x as nitrate, and for as long until an exhausted NO x storing capacity -Spei- or an NO x desorption temperature is exceeded.
  • the regeneration is also carried out when the storage catalyst is desulfurized. Due to changing proportions of sulfur in the fuel, SO x is generated during the combustion process, which is absorbed as sulfate in the storage catalytic converter. However, a desulfurization temperature is increased due to a higher thermodynamic stability of the sulfate compared to the nitrate, and the storage catalyst must accordingly be heated accordingly before or during the regeneration.
  • Whether there is a need for regeneration of the storage catalytic converter can be done, for example, by evaluating the measured or calculated NO x emission downstream of the storage catalytic converter. In the same way, the regeneration operation can be regulated as a result of a predetermined catalytic converter temperature being exceeded.
  • Such methods are known.
  • the disadvantage here is that the regeneration mode is set only on the basis of parameters describing a catalytic converter state, but the regeneration mode can be unfavorable with regard to the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine. If, for example, the internal combustion engine, in particular the diesel internal combustion engine, has a very high speed, there is considerable white smoke formation after a change to the regeneration mode. On the other hand, if the speed is too low, driving behavior problems can arise, particularly when the internal combustion engine is idling.
  • a requested load is not taken into account.
  • torque compensation is only possible up to a maximum injection quantity of the fuel in an injection system of the internal combustion engine, and consequently there are torque drops at very high loads.
  • an adjustment to the regeneration mode with simultaneous torque neutrality can only be granted up to a minimum injection quantity of fuel.
  • the invention has for its object to control the start and / or maintenance of the regeneration operation taking into account the speed of the internal combustion engine and / or the requested loads.
  • this object is achieved by a method for regulating the regeneration of the storage catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust gas duct of the internal combustion engine with the features mentioned in claim 1.
  • the regeneration operation of the internal combustion engine is suppressed when a predefinable upper speed limit is exceeded or when a predefined lower speed limit is undershot.
  • regulation can take place when a specifiable upper load limit is exceeded or when a predeterminable lower load limit is undershot.
  • the above-mentioned upper and lower limits and the operating range are preferably selected such that the regeneration can be carried out in a torque-neutral manner.
  • Figure 1 shows an arrangement of a NO x storage catalyst in an exhaust duct of an internal combustion engine and Figure 2 is a map for a speed and a requested load
  • FIG. 10 An arrangement 10 of a NO x storage catalytic converter 12 in an exhaust gas duct 14 of an internal combustion engine 16, in particular a diesel internal combustion engine, is shown schematically in FIG. Furthermore, sensors 18, 20 are arranged in the exhaust gas duct, which make it possible to determine a content of a gas component in the exhaust gas (gas sensors) or to record a temperature (temperature sensors). The number, position and type of such sensors 18, 20 are highly variable. A detection and evaluation of the signals of such sensors 18, 20 is known and will not be explained in more detail in the context of this description. In addition, it is possible in a known manner to calculate the content of the gas components or the temperature in selected areas of the arrangement 10 using suitable models.
  • a representation of means assigned to the internal combustion engine 16 has been omitted, which means that a working mode can be controlled by at least temporarily influencing at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine 16.
  • Such means for influencing the operating parameters are well known. It is also known to detect a catalytic converter temperature, for example by means of the sensor 20, and to control the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine 16 as a function of this catalytic converter temperature.
  • the internal combustion engine 16 is in a working mode with ⁇ > 1 (lean operation).
  • the NO x formed during the combustion process is absorbed in the NO x storage catalytic converter 12 until either an NO x desorption temperature is reached or an NO x storage capacity is exhausted.
  • reducing agents such as CO, HC or H2 are generally produced to an increased extent.
  • the absorbed NO x is outsourced again (NO x desorption) and implemented with the aid of the reducing agents on the NO x storage catalytic converter 12.
  • a catalyst state comprises a NO x , SO x or 02 loading state and the catalyst temperature and can be detected directly via suitable sensors or calculated using storage catalyst models.
  • a need for regeneration can be determined from this in a known manner.
  • recording and / or maintaining the regeneration operation of the internal combustion engine 16 is additionally made dependent on a speed of the internal combustion engine 16 and / or a requested load.
  • a ratio of the load to the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 16 is plotted as an example in FIG.
  • the regeneration operation is taken up and / or maintained in such a way that a regeneration mode of the internal combustion engine 16 with ⁇ ⁇ 1 is suppressed when a predefinable upper speed limit 22 is exceeded and when a predeterminable lower speed limit 24 is undershot.
  • white smoke formation and problems with driving behavior in particular in the region of idling of the internal combustion engine 16, can be avoided.
  • the upper and lower limits 26, 28 are selected such that the regeneration can be carried out with as little torque as possible. Accordingly, the upper load limit 26 can at most correspond to a maximum injection quantity of an injection system of the internal combustion engine 16.
  • the lower load limit 28 is based on a minimum injection quantity which is necessary for setting the regeneration mode, but which does not yet lead to a change in the torque of the internal combustion engine 16.
  • the rotational speed and the load can preferably flow into a characteristic diagram and an operating region 30 in which the regeneration can be maintained and / or recorded can be determined on the basis of the characteristic diagram.
  • the limits of the characteristic diagram can, for example — as shown here — be selected in accordance with the specifiable upper and lower limits 22, 24, 26, 28, but are not necessarily dependent on these.
  • a method for regulating a regeneration of a storage catalytic converter arranged in an exhaust gas duct of an internal combustion engine the internal combustion engine being assigned means which enable an operating mode to be set by at least temporarily influencing at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine, and wherein the internal combustion engine is in a working mode for regeneration of the storage catalytic converter is set with ⁇ ⁇ 1 (regeneration mode), characterized in that the regeneration mode of the internal combustion engine (16) is taken up and / or maintained as a function of a speed of the internal combustion engine (16) and / or a requested load.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for regulating the regeneration of a storage catalyst located in an exhaust gas channel of an internal combustion engine. Means for setting a work mode by at least temporarily influencing at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine are allocated to said internal combustion engine and the internal combustion engine is set in a work mode with μ ≤ 1 (regeneration mode) for the regeneration of the storage catalyst. The invention also provides that the regeneration mode of the internal combustion engine (16) is started and/or maintained in accordance with a speed of the internal combustion engine (16) and/or a requested load.

Description

Verfahren zur Regelung einer Regeneration eines in einem Abgaskanal einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine angeordneten Speicherkatalysators Method for regulating a regeneration of a storage catalytic converter arranged in an exhaust gas duct of an internal combustion engine
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Regelung einer Regeneration eines in einem Abgaskanal einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine angeordneten Speicherkatalysators mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Merkmalen.The invention relates to a method for regulating a regeneration of a storage catalytic converter arranged in an exhaust gas duct of an internal combustion engine with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
Es ist bekannt, das während eines Verbrennungsvorganges eines Luft-Kraftstoff- Gemisches in der Verbrennungskraftmaschine, insbesondere in Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen, entstehende Abgas durch geeignete Katalysatoren zu reinigen. Wird die Verbrennungskraftmaschine in einem Magerbetrieb geschaltet, so überwiegt ein Sauerstoffgehalt einen Gehalt eines Kraftstoffes im Luft-Kraftstoff- Gemisch (λ > 1). Ist Sauerstoff nur unterstöchiometrisch oder stöchiometrisch vorhanden, so befindet sich die Verbrennungskraftmaschine in einem Arbeitsmodus mit λ < 1 (Regenerationsbetrieb). In einem solchen Fall finden sich im Abgas erhöhte Gehalte an Reduktionsmitteln, wie CO, HC oder H2. Diese werden an dem wenigstens einen Katalysator oxidiert, sofern Sauerstoff noch in einem ausreichenden Maße vorhanden ist.It is known to clean the exhaust gas generated during a combustion process of an air-fuel mixture in the internal combustion engine, in particular in diesel internal combustion engines, by means of suitable catalysts. If the internal combustion engine is switched to lean operation, an oxygen content outweighs a fuel content in the air-fuel mixture (λ> 1). If oxygen is only sub-stoichiometric or stoichiometric, the internal combustion engine is in a working mode with λ <1 (regeneration mode). In such a case, there are increased levels of reducing agents such as CO, HC or H2 in the exhaust gas. These are oxidized on the at least one catalyst if oxygen is still available to a sufficient extent.
Neben den Reduktionsmitteln entstehen während des Verbrennungsvorganges Oxidationsmittel, wie zum Beispiel NOx, welches an den Katalysatoren mit Hilfe der Reduktionsmittel umgesetzt werden kann. Sinkt der Anteil der Reduktionsmittel stark ab, wie es im Magerbetrieb der Verbrennungskraftmaschine, insbesondere bei Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen, der Fall ist, so kann eine ausreichende Reduktion von NOx nicht mehr gewährleistet werden. Da sich infolge fortschreitender Optimierungsbemühungen hinsichtlich eines Kraftstoffverbrauches der Verbrennungskraftmaschinen gezeigt hat, daß es besonders vorteilhaft ist, den Magerbetrieb möglichst lange aufrechtzuerhalten, werden zur Vermeidung von NOx-Emissionen sogenannte Speicherkatalysatoren eingesetzt. Diese absorbieren NOx als Nitrat, und zwar so lange, bis eine NOx-Spei- cherfähigkeit erschöpft ist oder eine NOx-Desorptionstemperatur überschritten wird.In addition to the reducing agents, oxidizing agents, such as NO x , are formed during the combustion process, which can be reacted on the catalysts with the aid of the reducing agents. If the proportion of the reducing agent drops sharply, as is the case in lean operation of the internal combustion engine, in particular in the case of diesel internal combustion engines, a sufficient reduction in NO x can no longer be guaranteed. Since it has been shown as a result of progressive optimization efforts with regard to fuel consumption of the internal combustion engines that it is particularly advantageous to keep the lean operation as long as possible, so-called storage catalysts are used to avoid NO x emissions. These absorb NO x as nitrate, and for as long until an exhausted NO x storing capacity -Spei- or an NO x desorption temperature is exceeded.
Als Abhilfe ist es bereits bekannt, die Verbrennungskraftmaschine abwechselnd im Magerbetrieb und im Regenerationsbetrieb zu fahren. Die notwendigen Mittel, die durch eine zumindest temporäre Beeinflussung wenigstens eines Betriebsparameters der Verbrennungskraftmaschine eine Einstellung des Arbeitsmodus ermöglichen, sind bekannt und sollen hier nicht näher erläutert werden. Im Regenerationsbetrieb findet dann wieder eine NOx-Desorption unter gleichzeitiger katalytischer Reduktion statt.As a remedy, it is already known to drive the internal combustion engine alternately in lean operation and in regeneration operation. The necessary means by an at least temporary influencing of at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine, enabling the working mode to be set, are known and are not to be explained in more detail here. In regeneration mode, NO x desorption then takes place with simultaneous catalytic reduction.
In gleicher Weise wird die Regeneration auch bei einer Entschwefelung des Speicherkatalysators durchgeführt. Durch wechselnde Anteile von Schwefel im Kraftstoff entsteht während des Verbrennungsvorganges SOx, das als Sulfat im Speicherkatalysator absorbiert wird. Allerdings ist eine Entschwefelungstemperatur aufgrund einer höheren thermodynamischen Stabilität des Sulfats gegenüber dem Nitrat erhöht, und der Speicherkatalysator muß demnach vor oder während der Regeneration entsprechend aufgeheizt werden.In the same way, the regeneration is also carried out when the storage catalyst is desulfurized. Due to changing proportions of sulfur in the fuel, SO x is generated during the combustion process, which is absorbed as sulfate in the storage catalytic converter. However, a desulfurization temperature is increased due to a higher thermodynamic stability of the sulfate compared to the nitrate, and the storage catalyst must accordingly be heated accordingly before or during the regeneration.
Ob eine Regenerationsnotwendigkeit des Speicherkatalysators vorliegt, kann beispielsweise über eine Bewertung der gemessenen oder berechneten NOx-Emission stromab des Speicherkatalysators erfolgen. In gleicher Weise kann der Regenerationsbetrieb infolge eines Überschreitens einer vorgebbaren Kataiysatortemperatur geregelt werden. Derartige Verfahren sind bekannt. Nachteilig hierbei ist jedoch, daß eine Einstellung des Regenerationsbetriebes lediglich anhand von einen Katalysatorzustand beschreibenden Parametern erfolgt, der Regenerationsbetrieb aber mit Hinsicht auf die Betriebsparameter der Verbrennungskraftmaschine ungünstig sein kann. Weist beispielsweise die Verbrennungskraftmaschine, insbesondere die Dieselbrennkraftmaschine, eine sehr hohe Drehzahl auf, so kommt es nach einem Wechsel in den Regenerationsbetrieb zu einer erheblichen Weißrauchbildung. Ist andererseits die Drehzahl zu gering, können Fahrverhaltensprobleme auftreten, insbesondere dann, wenn sich die Verbrennungskraftmaschine im Leerlauf befindet.Whether there is a need for regeneration of the storage catalytic converter can be done, for example, by evaluating the measured or calculated NO x emission downstream of the storage catalytic converter. In the same way, the regeneration operation can be regulated as a result of a predetermined catalytic converter temperature being exceeded. Such methods are known. The disadvantage here, however, is that the regeneration mode is set only on the basis of parameters describing a catalytic converter state, but the regeneration mode can be unfavorable with regard to the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine. If, for example, the internal combustion engine, in particular the diesel internal combustion engine, has a very high speed, there is considerable white smoke formation after a change to the regeneration mode. On the other hand, if the speed is too low, driving behavior problems can arise, particularly when the internal combustion engine is idling.
Weiterhin wird eine angeforderte Last nicht berücksichtigt. So ist bei einer sehr hohen Last ein Drehmomentenausgleich nur bis zu einer maximalen Einspritzmenge des Kraftstoffes in einem Einspritzsystem der Verbrennungskraftmaschine möglich, und es kommt infolgedessen bei sehr hohen Lasten zu Drehmomenteinbrüchen. Umgekehrt kann bei sehr niedrigen Lasten eine Einstellung in den Regenerationsbetrieb bei gleichzeitiger Drehmomentneutralität nur bis zu einer minimalen Einspritzmenge an Kraftstoff gewährt werden. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Aufnahme und/oder Aufrechterhaltung des Regenerationsbetriebes unter Berücksichtigung der Drehzahl der Verbrennungskraftmaschine und/oder der angeforderten Lasten zu steuern.Furthermore, a requested load is not taken into account. In the case of a very high load, torque compensation is only possible up to a maximum injection quantity of the fuel in an injection system of the internal combustion engine, and consequently there are torque drops at very high loads. Conversely, at very low loads, an adjustment to the regeneration mode with simultaneous torque neutrality can only be granted up to a minimum injection quantity of fuel. The invention has for its object to control the start and / or maintenance of the regeneration operation taking into account the speed of the internal combustion engine and / or the requested loads.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren zur Regelung der Regeneration des in dem Abgaskanal der Verbrennungskraftmaschine angeordneten Speicherkatalysators mit den im Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmalen gelöst. Dadurch, daß eine Aufnahme und/oder Aufrechterhaltung des Regenerationsbetriebes der Verbrennungskraftmaschine in Abhängigkeit von einer Drehzahl der Verbrennungskraftmaschine und/oder einer angeforderten Last erfolgt, kann wirkungsvoll die Weißrauchbildung, Fahrverhaltensprobleme und eine Änderung des Drehmomentes während der Regeneration verhindert werden.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method for regulating the regeneration of the storage catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust gas duct of the internal combustion engine with the features mentioned in claim 1. By starting and / or maintaining the regeneration operation of the internal combustion engine as a function of a rotational speed of the internal combustion engine and / or a requested load, the formation of white smoke, driving behavior problems and a change in the torque during the regeneration can be effectively prevented.
In vorteilhafter Weise wird dabei beim Überschreiten einer vorgebbaren Drehzahlobergrenze oder beim Unterschreiten einer vorgebbaren Drehzahluntergrenze der Regenerationsbetrieb der Verbrennungskraftmaschine unterdrückt. In gleicher Weise kann eine Regelung beim Überschreiten einer vorgebbaren Lastobergrenze oder beim Unterschreiten einer vorgebbaren Lastuntergrenze erfolgen.In an advantageous manner, the regeneration operation of the internal combustion engine is suppressed when a predefinable upper speed limit is exceeded or when a predefined lower speed limit is undershot. In the same way, regulation can take place when a specifiable upper load limit is exceeded or when a predeterminable lower load limit is undershot.
Weiterhin hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, die Drehzahlen und die Last in ein Kennfeld einfließen zu lassen und anhand des Kennfeldes einen Betriebsbereich der Verbrennungskraftmaschine, in dem die Regeneration aufrechterhalten und/oder aufgenommen werden kann, festzulegen. So kann in sehr einfacher Weise der Regenerationsbetrieb unter ungünstigen Betriebsparametern derFurthermore, it has proven to be advantageous to incorporate the rotational speeds and the load into a map and to use the map to determine an operating range of the internal combustion engine in which the regeneration can be maintained and / or recorded. So the regeneration operation under unfavorable operating parameters of the
Verbrennungskraftmaschine vermieden werden. In bevorzugter Weise werden die genannten Ober- und Untergrenzen sowie der Betriebsbereich derart gewählt, daß die Regeneration drehmomentneutral durchgeführt werden kann.Internal combustion engine can be avoided. The above-mentioned upper and lower limits and the operating range are preferably selected such that the regeneration can be carried out in a torque-neutral manner.
Weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den übrigen, in den Unteransprüchen genannten Merkmalen.Further preferred embodiments of the invention result from the other features mentioned in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail below in exemplary embodiments with reference to the associated drawings. Show it:
Figur 1 eine Anordnung eines NOx-Speicherkatalysators in einem Abgaskanal einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine und Figur 2 ein Kennfeld für eine Drehzahl und eine angeforderte Last zurFigure 1 shows an arrangement of a NO x storage catalyst in an exhaust duct of an internal combustion engine and Figure 2 is a map for a speed and a requested load
Bestimmung eines Betriebsbereiches für eine Regeneration des Speicherkatalysators.Determination of an operating range for regeneration of the storage catalytic converter.
In der Figur 1 ist in schematischer Weise eine Anordnung 10 eines NOx- Speicherkatalysators 12 in einem Abgaskanal 14 einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16, insbesondere einer Dieselbrennkraftmaschine, dargestellt. Ferner sind in dem Abgaskanal 14 Sensoren 18, 20 angeordnet, die es erlauben, einen Gehalt einer Gaskomponente am Abgas zu bestimmen (Gassensoren) oder zur Erfassung einer Temperatur dienen (Temperatursensoren). Anzahl, Lage und Typ solcher Sensoren 18, 20 sind in einem hohen Maße variabel. Eine Erfassung und Auswertung der Signale derartiger Sensoren 18, 20 ist bekannt und soll im Rahmen dieser Beschreibung nicht näher erläutert werden. Daneben ist es in bekannter Weise möglich, mit Hilfe von geeigneten Modellen den Gehalt der Gaskomponenten oder die Temperatur in ausgewählten Bereichen der Anordnung 10 zu berechnen.An arrangement 10 of a NO x storage catalytic converter 12 in an exhaust gas duct 14 of an internal combustion engine 16, in particular a diesel internal combustion engine, is shown schematically in FIG. Furthermore, sensors 18, 20 are arranged in the exhaust gas duct, which make it possible to determine a content of a gas component in the exhaust gas (gas sensors) or to record a temperature (temperature sensors). The number, position and type of such sensors 18, 20 are highly variable. A detection and evaluation of the signals of such sensors 18, 20 is known and will not be explained in more detail in the context of this description. In addition, it is possible in a known manner to calculate the content of the gas components or the temperature in selected areas of the arrangement 10 using suitable models.
Aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit wurde auf eine Darstellung von, der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16 zugeordneten Mitteln verzichtet, die durch eine zumindest temporäre Beeinflussung wenigstens eines Betriebsparameters der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16 eine Regelung eines Arbeitsmodus erlauben. Derartige Mittel zur Beeinflussung der Betriebsparameter sind hinlänglich bekannt. Ebenso ist es bekannt, eine Katalysatortemperatur, beispielsweise mittels des Sensors 20, zu erfassen und die Regelung der Betriebsparameter der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16 in Abhängigkeit von dieser Katalysatortemperatur durchzuführen.For the sake of clarity, a representation of means assigned to the internal combustion engine 16 has been omitted, which means that a working mode can be controlled by at least temporarily influencing at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine 16. Such means for influencing the operating parameters are well known. It is also known to detect a catalytic converter temperature, for example by means of the sensor 20, and to control the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine 16 as a function of this catalytic converter temperature.
Liegt während eines Verbrennungsvorganges in der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16 Sauerstoff in einem Überschuß gegenüber einem Kraftstoff vor, so befindet sich die Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16 in einem Arbeitsmodus mit λ > 1 (Magerbetrieb). Während des Magerbetriebes wird das während des Verbrennungsvorganges entstehende NOx in dem NOx-Speicherkatalysator 12 absorbiert, und zwar so lange, bis entweder eine NOx-Desorptionstemperatur erreicht wird oder eine NOx- Speicherfähigkeit erschöpft ist.If there is an excess of oxygen in excess of a fuel in the internal combustion engine 16 during a combustion process, the internal combustion engine 16 is in a working mode with λ> 1 (lean operation). During lean operation, the NO x formed during the combustion process is absorbed in the NO x storage catalytic converter 12 until either an NO x desorption temperature is reached or an NO x storage capacity is exhausted.
Unter stöchiometrischen Bedingungen oder bei einem Überschuß des Kraftstoffs gegenüber dem Sauerstoff (λ < 1 ; Regenerationsbetrieb) entstehen im allgemeinen in einem vermehrten Maße Reduktionsmittel, wie CO, HC oder H2. Im Regenerationsbetrieb wird das absorbierte NOx wieder ausgelagert (NOx-Desorption) und mit Hilfe der Reduktionsmittel am NOx-Speicherkatalysator 12 umgesetzt.Under stoichiometric conditions or when the fuel has an excess of oxygen (λ <1; regeneration mode), reducing agents such as CO, HC or H2 are generally produced to an increased extent. in the Regeneration operation, the absorbed NO x is outsourced again (NO x desorption) and implemented with the aid of the reducing agents on the NO x storage catalytic converter 12.
Ein Katalysatorzustand umfaßt einen NOx-, SOx- oder 02-Beladungszustand sowie die Katalysatortemperatur und kann direkt über geeignete Sensoren erfaßt oder mit Hilfe von Speicherkatalysatormodellen berechnet werden. In bekannter Weise kann hieraus eine Regenerationsnotwendigkeit ermittelt werden. In dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird zusätzlich eine Aufnahme und/oder Aufrechterhaltung des Regenerationsbetriebes der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16 von einer Drehzahl der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16 und/oder einer angeforderten Last abhängig gemacht.A catalyst state comprises a NO x , SO x or 02 loading state and the catalyst temperature and can be detected directly via suitable sensors or calculated using storage catalyst models. A need for regeneration can be determined from this in a known manner. In the method according to the invention, recording and / or maintaining the regeneration operation of the internal combustion engine 16 is additionally made dependent on a speed of the internal combustion engine 16 and / or a requested load.
In der Figur 2 ist exemplarisch ein Verhältnis der Last gegenüber der Drehzahl der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16 aufgetragen. Die Aufnahme und/oder Aufrechterhaltung des Regenerationsbetriebes erfolgt dabei derart, daß beim Überschreiten einer vorgebbaren Drehzahlobergrenze 22 und beim Unterschreiten einer vorgebbaren Drehzahluntergrenze 24 ein Regenerationsmodus der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16 mit λ < 1 unterdrückt wird. Auf diese Weise können zum einen eine Weißrauchbildung als auch Fahrverhaltensprobleme, insbesondere im Bereich eines Leerlaufes der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16, vermieden werden.A ratio of the load to the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 16 is plotted as an example in FIG. The regeneration operation is taken up and / or maintained in such a way that a regeneration mode of the internal combustion engine 16 with λ <1 is suppressed when a predefinable upper speed limit 22 is exceeded and when a predeterminable lower speed limit 24 is undershot. In this way, on the one hand, white smoke formation and problems with driving behavior, in particular in the region of idling of the internal combustion engine 16, can be avoided.
Weiterhin ist denkbar, beim Überschreiten einer vorgebbaren Lastobergrenze 26 oder beim Unterschreiten einer vorgebbaren Lastuntergrenze 28 den Regenerationsbetrieb der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16 zu unterdrücken. Dabei werden die Ober- und Untergrenze 26, 28 derart gewählt, daß die Regeneration möglichst drehmomentneutral durchgeführt werden kann. Demnach kann die Lastobergrenze 26 höchstens einer maximalen Einspritzmenge eines Einspritzsystemes der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16 entsprechen. Die Lastuntergrenze 28 orientiert sich an einer minimalen Einspritzmenge, die zur Einstellung des Regenerationsbetriebes notwendig ist, die aber noch nicht zu einer Änderung eines Drehmomentes der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 16 führt.It is also conceivable to suppress the regeneration operation of the internal combustion engine 16 when a predeterminable upper load limit 26 is exceeded or when a predeterminable lower load limit 28 is undershot. The upper and lower limits 26, 28 are selected such that the regeneration can be carried out with as little torque as possible. Accordingly, the upper load limit 26 can at most correspond to a maximum injection quantity of an injection system of the internal combustion engine 16. The lower load limit 28 is based on a minimum injection quantity which is necessary for setting the regeneration mode, but which does not yet lead to a change in the torque of the internal combustion engine 16.
In bevorzugter Weise kann die Drehzahl und die Last in ein Kennfeld einfließen und anhand des Kennfeldes ein Betriebsbereich 30, in dem die Regeneration aufrechterhalten und/oder aufgenommen werden kann, festgelegt werden. Die Grenzen des Kennfeldes können beispielsweise - wie hier dargestellt - entsprechend der vorgebbaren Ober- und Untergrenzen 22, 24, 26, 28 gewählt werden, sind aber nicht notwendigerweise von diesen abhängig. P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H EThe rotational speed and the load can preferably flow into a characteristic diagram and an operating region 30 in which the regeneration can be maintained and / or recorded can be determined on the basis of the characteristic diagram. The limits of the characteristic diagram can, for example — as shown here — be selected in accordance with the specifiable upper and lower limits 22, 24, 26, 28, but are not necessarily dependent on these. PATENT CLAIMS
1. Verfahren zur Regelung einer Regeneration eines in einem Abgaskanal einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine angeordneten Speicherkatalysators, wobei der Verbrennungskraftmaschine Mittel zugeordnet sind, die durch eine zumindest temporäre Beeinflussung wenigstens eines Betriebsparameters der Verbrennungskraftmaschine eine Einstellung eines Arbeitsmodus ermöglichen und wobei zur Regeneration des Speicherkatalysators die Verbrennungskraftmaschine in einem Arbeitsmodus mit λ < 1 (Regenerationsbetrieb) eingestellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Aufnahme und/oder Aufrechterhaltung des Regenerationsbetriebes der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (16) in Abhängigkeit von einer Drehzahl der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (16) und/oder einer angeforderten Last erfolgt.1. A method for regulating a regeneration of a storage catalytic converter arranged in an exhaust gas duct of an internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine being assigned means which enable an operating mode to be set by at least temporarily influencing at least one operating parameter of the internal combustion engine, and wherein the internal combustion engine is in a working mode for regeneration of the storage catalytic converter is set with λ <1 (regeneration mode), characterized in that the regeneration mode of the internal combustion engine (16) is taken up and / or maintained as a function of a speed of the internal combustion engine (16) and / or a requested load.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beim Überschreiten einer vorgebbaren Drehzahlobergrenze (22) oder beim Unterschreiten einer vorgebbaren Drehzahluntergrenze (24) ein Arbeitsmodus der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (16) mit λ < 1 (Regenerationsbetrieb) unterdrückt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a working mode of the internal combustion engine (16) with λ <1 (regeneration mode) is suppressed when a predeterminable upper speed limit (22) or when falling below a specifiable lower speed limit (24).
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beim Überschreiten einer vorgebbaren Lastobergrenze (26) oder beim Unterschreiten einer vorgebbaren Lastuntergrenze (28) der Regenerationsbetrieb der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (16) unterdrückt wird.3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the regeneration operation of the internal combustion engine (16) is suppressed when a predeterminable upper load limit (26) is exceeded or when a predeterminable lower load limit (28) is undershot.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Drehzahl und die Last in ein Kennfeld einfließen und anhand des Kennfeldes ein Betriebsbereich (30), in der die Regeneration aufrechterhalten und/oder aufgenommen werden kann, festgelegt wird. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Betriebsbereich (30) anhand der Drehzahlobergrenze (22) und/oder Drehzahluntergrenze (24) und/oder Lastobergrenze (26) und/oder Lastuntergrenze (28) festgelegt wird.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the speed and the load flow into a map and based on the map, an operating range (30) in which the regeneration can be maintained and / or recorded, is determined. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the operating range (30) on the basis of the upper speed limit (22) and / or lower speed limit (24) and / or upper load limit (26) and / or lower load limit (28) is determined.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Regeneration drehmomentneutral durchgeführt wird. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the regeneration is carried out in a torque-neutral manner.
EP00943972A 1999-07-10 2000-07-03 Method for regulating the regeneration of a storage catalyst located in an exhaust gas channel of an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1200715B1 (en)

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DE19932301A DE19932301A1 (en) 1999-07-10 1999-07-10 Method for regulating a regeneration of a storage catalytic converter arranged in an exhaust gas duct of an internal combustion engine
PCT/EP2000/006190 WO2001004468A1 (en) 1999-07-10 2000-07-03 Method for regulating the regeneration of a storage catalyst located in an exhaust gas channel of an internal combustion engine

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EP1304458B1 (en) * 2001-10-18 2005-08-10 Ford Global Technologies, LLC Method for regeneration of the exhaust filter of an internal combustion engine
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DE4042563C2 (en) * 1989-12-27 1997-04-03 Nissan Motor Emission control system for use in an internal combustion engine
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US5775099A (en) * 1994-04-12 1998-07-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Method of purifying the exhaust of an internal combustion engine
JP3079933B2 (en) * 1995-02-14 2000-08-21 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine
DE19607151C1 (en) * 1996-02-26 1997-07-10 Siemens Ag Regeneration of nitrogen oxide storage catalyst
DE19636040A1 (en) * 1996-09-05 1998-03-12 Volkswagen Ag Waste gas purification process
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