EP1200539A1 - Verwendung hydroxylgruppenhaltiger copolymere zur herstellung von brennstoffölen mit verbesserter schmierwirkung - Google Patents
Verwendung hydroxylgruppenhaltiger copolymere zur herstellung von brennstoffölen mit verbesserter schmierwirkungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1200539A1 EP1200539A1 EP00943791A EP00943791A EP1200539A1 EP 1200539 A1 EP1200539 A1 EP 1200539A1 EP 00943791 A EP00943791 A EP 00943791A EP 00943791 A EP00943791 A EP 00943791A EP 1200539 A1 EP1200539 A1 EP 1200539A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mol
- copolymers
- structural units
- vinyl
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010771 distillate fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 6
- -1 alkyl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 30
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 14
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- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 8
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- HNVRRHSXBLFLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C=C HNVRRHSXBLFLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- TVFJAZCVMOXQRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 7,7-dimethyloctanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(=O)OC=C TVFJAZCVMOXQRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 3
- BVOSSZSHBZQJOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexen-3-ol Chemical compound CCCC(O)C=C BVOSSZSHBZQJOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHVMXWZXFBOANQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Penten-3-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)C=C VHVMXWZXFBOANQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAJRSHJHFRVGMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 UAJRSHJHFRVGMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpent-1-ene Chemical group CC(=C)CC(C)(C)C FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allylamine Chemical compound NCC=C VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000005840 aryl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MKUWVMRNQOOSAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-en-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)C=C MKUWVMRNQOOSAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanethiol Chemical compound CCCCS WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO NOPFSRXAKWQILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- WBZPMFHFKXZDRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 6,6-dimethylheptanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCC(=O)OC=C WBZPMFHFKXZDRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UIZVMOZAXAMASY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-5-en-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCC=C UIZVMOZAXAMASY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical class CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C CCCMONHAUSKTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-but-2-ene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC\C=C/CO ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HIHSUGQNHLMGGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxyhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)OC=C HIHSUGQNHLMGGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HMBNQNDUEFFFNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenoxybutan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCOC=C HMBNQNDUEFFFNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=NC=C1 KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDWUBGAGUCISDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybutyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCCOC(=O)C=C NDWUBGAGUCISDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJOWMORERYNYON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethenyl-2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=N1 VJOWMORERYNYON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,7-dimethyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(O)=O YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAOISIQFPPAFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7:0(6Me,6Me) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCC(O)=O AAOISIQFPPAFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001481828 Glyptocephalus cynoglossus Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical class ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001082241 Lythrum hyssopifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical compound OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEPKQEUBKLEPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N VX-745 Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC=C1SC1=NN2C=NC(=O)C(C=3C(=CC=CC=3Cl)Cl)=C2C=C1 VEPKQEUBKLEPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASAPXSLRMDUMFX-QXMHVHEDSA-N [(z)-octadec-9-enyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ASAPXSLRMDUMFX-QXMHVHEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOOIXEMFUKBQLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(ethenoxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound C=COCC1(CO)CCCCC1 MOOIXEMFUKBQLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000751 azo group Chemical group [*]N=N[*] 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- FWLDHHJLVGRRHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C FWLDHHJLVGRRHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960000735 docosanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KHAYCTOSKLIHEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C KHAYCTOSKLIHEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical class NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGJZAAXKXDMFMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 8,8-dimethylnonanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCCC(=O)OC=C DGJZAAXKXDMFMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWDGWLIKZXNTSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 9,9-dimethyldecanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C TWDGWLIKZXNTSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl mercaptane Natural products CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005020 hydroxyalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005350 hydroxycycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VAMFXQBUQXONLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N icos-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C VAMFXQBUQXONLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- MNNKRJPLYSRFJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-methoxyethyl)-n-propylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCCN(C(=O)C=C)CCOC MNNKRJPLYSRFJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNLUGRYDUHRLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethenyl-n-methylacetamide Chemical compound C=CN(C)C(C)=O PNLUGRYDUHRLOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOXXVNYDGIXMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CNCC=C IOXXVNYDGIXMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWGZKFQMWZYCHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNC(=O)C=C AWGZKFQMWZYCHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYUWTXWIYMHBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-prop-2-enylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound C=CCNCC=C DYUWTXWIYMHBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-vinylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(C=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXGHWJFURBQKCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oct-7-ene-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)CCCCC=C UXGHWJFURBQKCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZCOBXFFBQJQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCS KZCOBXFFBQJQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940065472 octyl acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZHZCYWWNFQUZOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-4-en-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CC=C ZHZCYWWNFQUZOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012673 precipitation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylthiol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)S WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000000 tetracarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XZHNPVKXBNDGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C XZHNPVKXBNDGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/1955—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketonic, ketal, acetal radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C10L1/1963—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof mono-carboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/197—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
- C10L1/1973—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and an acyloxy group of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid mono-carboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/236—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derivatives thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of copolymers with structural units of olefinically unsaturated hydroxyl-containing compounds and other olefinically unsaturated compounds with alkyl radicals to improve the lubricating effect of middle distillates, and middle distillate fuel oils additized in this way.
- Mineral oils and mineral oil distillates used as fuel oils generally contain 0.5% by weight or more of sulfur, which causes sulfur dioxide to form upon combustion. In order to reduce the resulting environmental pollution, the sulfur content of fuel oils is continuously reduced.
- the diesel fuel standard EN 590 currently prescribes a maximum sulfur content of 500 ppm in Germany. Fuel oils with less than 200 ppm and in exceptional cases with less than 50 ppm sulfur are already used in Scandinavia. These fuel oils are generally produced by hydrogenating the fractions obtained from the petroleum by distillation. Desulphurization also removes other substances that give the fuel oils a natural lubricating effect. These substances include, among others, polyaromatic and polar compounds.
- EP-A-0 680 506 discloses esters of carboxylic acids with 2 to 50 carbon atoms as additives for improving the lubricating effect of low-sulfur middle distillates with less than 0.5% by weight of S.
- DD-126 090 discloses lubricant-improving additives made from copolymers of ethylene and unsaturated carboxylic acid esters, preferably vinyl acetate, which are added to the fuels in quantities of 0.01 to 0.5% by weight.
- EP-A-0 764 198 discloses additives which improve the lubricating effect of fuel oils and which contain polar nitrogen compounds based on alkylamines or alkylammonium salts with alkyl radicals of 8 to 40 carbon atoms.
- DE-A-15 94417 discloses additives for improving the lubricating effect of oleophilic liquids which contain esters of glycols and dicarboxylic acids with at least 11 carbon atoms.
- EP-A-0 635 558 discloses diesel oils with sulfur contents below 0.2% by weight and aromatics contents below 30% by weight. These diesel oils are additized with 100 to 10,000 ppm CC 5 alkyl esters of unsaturated straight-chain C12-C 22 fatty acids derived from oilseeds.
- EP-A-0 074 208 discloses middle and heavy distillates which are additized with copolymers of ethylene and oxyalkylated acrylates or ethylene and vinyl esters of saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids.
- EP-A-0 856 533 discloses copolymers based on vinyl esters of
- Carboxylic acids vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons, hydroxy-functional unsaturated monomers and other polymerizable monomers.
- the polymers have OH numbers of 110-170 mg KOH / g, and have Molecular weights of 1500 - 8000 g / mol.
- the polymers are used for the production of coating compositions for paints. Use in connection with fuel oils is not disclosed.
- US 3 915 668 discloses terpolymers of ethylene, 10-25% by weight of dC 8 -alkyl vinyl esters and 10-30% by weight of dialkylvinylcarbinol and their use for improving the cold flow properties of crude and residual oils. The suitability of such terpolymers for improving the lubricating effect of distillate fuels is not disclosed.
- the object of the present invention was to find additives which lead to an improvement in the lubricating effect in middle distillates largely freed from sulfur and aromatic compounds. At the same time, these additives should also have a favorable influence on the cold flow properties of these middle distillates.
- oil-soluble copolymers of ethylenically unsaturated compounds which carry one or more hydroxyl groups and ethylenically unsaturated compounds having hydrocarbon groups of at least 6 carbon atoms impart the required properties to the fuel oils additized with them.
- the invention thus relates to the use of oil-soluble copolymers which A) have 5 to 80 mol% of structural units which are derived from olefinically unsaturated
- the invention further relates to middle distillate fuel oils with a sulfur content of less than 0.5% by weight, which contain copolymers of the type defined above.
- the copolymer has an OH number of 20 to 250, in particular 25 to 200 mg KOH / g. In a further preferred embodiment, the copolymer has an average molecular weight Mw of 700 to 10,000 g / mol. In a further preferred embodiment, the proportion of structural units (A) is between 10 and 70 mol%, in particular between 15 and 60 mol%.
- the olefinically unsaturated compounds which make up the comonomers (A) are preferably vinyl esters, acrylic esters, mono- and diesters of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, methacrylic esters, alkyl vinyl ethers and / or alkenes, the hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkenyl, hydroxycycloalkyl or hydroxyaryl radicals wear. These radicals contain at least one hydroxyl group which can be located at any point on the radical, but is preferably at the chain end ( ⁇ position) or in the para position in ring systems.
- the vinyl esters are preferably those of the formula 1
- R 1 is CrC 30 -hydroxyalkyl, preferably C 1 -C 2 -hydroxyalkyl, especially C 2 -C 6 -hydroxyalkyl and the corresponding hydroxyoxalkyl radicals.
- Suitable vinyl esters include 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl esters, ⁇ -hydroxypropyl vinyl esters, 3-hydroxypropyl vinyl ester and 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ester as well as diethylene glycol monovinyl ester.
- the acrylic esters are preferably those of the formula 2
- R 2 is hydrogen or methyl and R 3 CC 3 o-hydroxyalkyl, preferably
- Ci 2 -hydroxyalkyl especially C 2 -C 6 -hydroxyalkyl and the corresponding hydroxyoxalkyl radicals.
- Suitable acrylic esters include
- Glycerol monoacrylate The corresponding esters of methacrylic acid and esters of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids such as
- R 4 is C 30 hydroxyalkyl, preferably C 2 hydroxyalkyl, especially C 2 -C 6 hydroxyalkyl and the corresponding hydroxyoxyalkytes.
- Suitable alkyl vinyl ethers include 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, hydroxypropyl vinyl ether, hexanediol monovinyl ether, 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, diethylene glycol monovinyl ether and cyclohexanedimethanol monovinyl ether.
- the alkenes are preferably monounsaturated hydroxy hydrocarbons having 3 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular 4 to 16 carbon atoms and especially 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Preferred comonomers (B) are olefinically unsaturated compounds which carry hydrocarbon radicals having at least 6 C atoms (with the exclusion of the olefinic group required for the polymerization). These hydrocarbon radicals can be linear, branched, cyclic and / or aromatic. In addition to hydrocarbon groups, they can also carry minor amounts of further functional groups with heteroatoms, such as nitro, halogen, cyano or amino groups, provided that these do not impair oil solubility. These are preferably monomers from the following groups:
- vinyl esters of carboxylic acids with at least 7 carbon atoms e.g. Octyl vinyl ester, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ester, lauric acid vinyl ester,
- Carbon atoms such as 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-octadecene, 1-eicosen, technical olefin cuts, such as C 2 oC 24 - ⁇ -olefin, C 24 -C 28 - ⁇ -olef ⁇ n, C 30+ - ⁇ -olefin, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methoxystyrene.
- technical olefin cuts such as C 2 oC 24 - ⁇ -olefin, C 24 -C 28 - ⁇ -olef ⁇ n, C 30+ - ⁇ -olefin, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methoxystyrene.
- Both individual comonomers B and mixtures of different comonomers of the individual and / or different monomers B1) to B4) ? be used.
- Particularly preferred comonomers (B) are the above-mentioned olefinically unsaturated compounds of groups B1) to B4) with hydrocarbon radicals which comprise at least 8 carbon atoms. At least 10 mol%, preferably at least 25 mol%, in particular more than 50 mol% of the monomers (B) preferably carry linear hydrocarbon radicals.
- the proportion of comonomers (B) in the polymers according to the invention is preferably between 30 and 90 mol%, in particular between 40 and 80 mol%.
- comonomers C) optionally up to 40 mol% of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, acrylates such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and the corresponding methacrylic acid esters, vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate,
- alkylaminoacrylates or methacrylates e.g. Aminoethyl acrylate, aminopropyl acrylate, amino-n-butyl acrylate, N-methylaminoethyl acrylate, N.N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, N, N-diethylaminoethyl acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl acrylate, N, N-diethylaminopropyl acrylate and the corresponding methacrylates,
- alkyl acrylamides and methacrylamides e.g. Ethyl acrylamide, butylacrylamide, N-octylacrylamide, N-propyl-N-methoxyethylacrylamide, N-acryloylphthalimide, N-acryloylsuccinimide, N-methylolacrylamide, and the corresponding methacrylamides,
- vinylamides e.g. N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide, N-vinyl succinimide,
- aminoalkyl vinyls e.g. Aminopropyl vinyl ether, diethylaminoethyl vinyl ether, dimethylaminopropyl vinyl ether,
- allylamine N-allyl-N-methylamine, N-allyl-N-ethylamine, diallylamine f) heterocycles bearing a vinyl group, such as, for example, N-vinylpyrrolidone, methylvinylimidazole, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine, vinylcarbazole, vinylimidazole, N-vinyl-2-piperidone, N-vinylcaprolactem, are copolymerized.
- a vinyl group such as, for example, N-vinylpyrrolidone, methylvinylimidazole, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine, vinylcarbazole, vinylimidazole, N-vinyl-2-piperidone, N-vinylcaprolactem, are copolymerized.
- up to 20 mol%, in particular up to 10 mol%, of the comonomers B) and optionally C) preferably contain branched alkyl chains.
- Oligomers and polymers of lower olefins such as e.g. Poly (propylene), poly (butene) and poly (isobutylene) are suitable, such oligomers with a high proportion of terminal double bonds (> 50 mol%, preferably> 70 mol%, in particular> 75 mol%) being preferred.
- the melt viscosities of the copolymers at 140 ° C. are preferably below 10,000 mPas, in particular between 10 and 2000 mPas and especially between 15 and 1000 mPas.
- Oil-soluble in the sense of the invention means that at least 10% by weight, preferably at least 1% by weight, in particular at least 0.1% by weight, of the additive becomes clearly soluble in the middle distillate to be added.
- the copolymerization of the comonomers is carried out using known batch or continuous polymerization processes (cf., for example, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th edition, vol. A21, pages 305 to 413). Polymerization in solution, in suspension, in the gas phase and precipitation and bulk polymerization are suitable. Bulk and solution polymerization are preferred.
- the reaction of the comonomers is initiated by radical initiators (radical chain initiators).
- This class of substances includes, for example, oxygen, hydroperoxides, peroxides and azo compounds such as cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, dilauroyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, bis (2-ethylhexyl) peroxidicarbonate, t-butyl permaleinate, t-butyl perpivalate, t-butyl peryl peryl benzoate, d Di (t-butyl) peroxide, 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropanonitrile), 2,2'-azobis (2-methylbutyronitrile).
- the initiators are used individually or as a mixture of two or more substances in amounts of 0.01 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 10% by weight, based on the comonomer mixture.
- the polymerization is generally carried out at temperatures from 40 to 300 C C, preferably at 80-250 ° C, whereby worked with the use of monomers and / or solvents with boiling points below the polymerization temperature suitably under pressure.
- the polymerization is expediently carried out in the absence of air, for example under nitrogen, since oxygen is the
- the half-life of the initiator or initiator system at the chosen polymerization temperature is less than 3 hours. It is preferably between 0.5 minutes and one hour.
- the desired molecular weight of the copolymers is obtained by varying the reaction parameters concentration and temperature. To achieve low molecular weight copolymers, it is still possible to work with the addition of moderators.
- Suitable molecular weight regulators are, for example, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and organic sulfur compounds such as mercaptoethanol, mercaptopropanol, mercaptoacetic acid, mercaptopropionic acid, tert-butyl mercaptan, n-butyl mercaptan, n-octyl mercaptan, tert-dodecyl mercaptan and n-dodecyl mercaptan.
- the moderators are used in amounts of up to 20% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 10% by weight, based on the comonomer mixture.
- Equipment suitable for the polymerization are, for example, conventional stirred kettles with, for example, armature, blade, impeller or multi-stage impulse countercurrent stirrers and, for the continuous production, stirred kettle cascades, stirred reactors or static mixers.
- the preferred method for producing the copolymers according to the invention is solution polymerization. It is carried out in solvents in which the monomers and the copolymers formed are soluble. All solvents which meet this requirement and which do not react with the monomers and the copolymers formed are suitable for this.
- these are organic, preferably aromatic solvents, such as cumene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene or else commercial solvent mixtures, such as ® Solvent Naphtha, ® Shellsol AB or ® Solvesso 150, 200.
- aromatic solvents such as cumene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene or else commercial solvent mixtures, such as ® Solvent Naphtha, ® Shellsol AB or ® Solvesso 150, 200.
- Monomer mixture metered in with the initiator and, if appropriate, co-initiator and regulator.
- the concentration of the monomers to be polymerized is between 20 and 95% by weight, preferably 50 and 90% by weight.
- the solid terpolymer can be isolated by precipitation with suitable non-solvents, such as acetone or methanol, or by evaporation of the solvent. However, it is expedient to choose a solvent for the polymerization in which the polymer can be used directly according to the invention.
- the lubricating effect of oils can be improved in the manner according to the invention by adding copolymers which are obtained by copolymers containing acid groups by oxalkylation.
- Copolymers suitable for this purpose are, for example, those of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid or maleic anhydride with the comonomers B and optionally C. These are used to produce an additive which improves the lubricating effect of oils i ⁇
- copolymers containing acid groups on the acid groups oxalkylated with d- to C10-alkylene oxides are ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and butylene oxide.
- the oxyalkylation is preferably carried out using 0.5 to 10 mol, in particular 1 to 5 mol and especially 1 to 2 mol of alkylene oxide per mol of acid group.
- copolymers according to the invention are mineral oils or
- Mineral oil distillates in the form of solutions or dispersions the 10 to
- Suitable solvents or dispersing agents are aliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon mixtures, for example gasoline fractions, kerosene, decane, pentadecane, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene or commercial solvent mixtures such as solvent naphtha, ® Shellsol AB, ® Solvesso 150, ® Solvesso 200, ® Exxsol -, ® ISOPAR and ® Shellsol D types.
- suitable solvents are oil-soluble esters of native origin, such as, for example, triglycerides of fatty acids and fatty acid methyl esters such as rapeseed oil and soybean acidic acid methyl esters.
- Mineral oils or mineral oil distillates which have been improved by the copolymers in their lubricating and / or cold flow properties contain 0.001 to 2, preferably 0.005 to 0.5% by weight of copolymer, based on the distillate.
- copolymers according to the invention can also be used in the form of mixtures which consist of copolymers of the claimed type, but of different qualitative and / or quantitative composition and / or different (measured at 140 ° C.) viscosity.
- Mixing ratio (in parts by weight) of the copolymers can be varied over a wide range and e.g. 20: 1 to 1:20, preferably 10: 1 to 1:10. In this way, the additives can be specifically adapted to individual requirements.
- the copolymers according to the invention can also be used together with one or more oil-soluble co-additives, which alone are the Improve the cold flow properties and / or lubricating effect of crude oils, lubricating oils or fuel oils.
- oil-soluble co-additives are vinyl acetate-containing copolymers or terpolymers of ethylene, polar compounds which effect paraffin dispersion (paraffin dispersants), comb polymers, alkylphenol-aldehyde resins and oil-soluble amphiphiles.
- the terpolymers of vinyl neononanoate or vinyl neodecanoate contain, in addition to ethylene, 10 to 35% by weight of vinyl acetate and 1 to 25% by weight of the respective
- Neo connection In addition to ethylene and 10 to 35% by weight of vinyl esters, further preferred copolymers also contain 0.5 to 20% by weight of olefin such as diisobutylene, 4-methylpentene or norbomene.
- olefin such as diisobutylene, 4-methylpentene or norbomene.
- the mixing ratio of the terpolymers prepared according to the invention with the ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers described above or the terpolymers made from ethylene, vinyl acetate and the vinyl esters of neononanoic or neodecanoic acid is (in parts by weight) 20: 1 to 1:20, preferably 10: 1 to 1:10.
- the copolymers according to the invention can also be used in a mixture with paraffin dispersants. These additives reduce the size of the paraffin crystals and ensure that the paraffin particles do not settle, but remain dispersed colloidally with a significantly reduced tendency to sedimentation. Furthermore, they increase the lubricating effect of the copolymers according to the invention.
- Oil-soluble polar compounds with ionic or polar groups for example amine salts and / or amides, which have been found to be suitable as paraffin dispersants, can be obtained by reacting aliphatic or aromatic amines, preferably long-chain aliphatic amines, with aliphatic or aromatic mono-, di-, tri- or Tetracarboxylic acids or their anhydrides are obtained (cf. US 4 211 534).
- Other paraffin dispersants are copolymers of maleic anhydride and ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated compounds, which can optionally be reacted with primary monoalkylamines and / or aliphatic alcohols (cf.
- the copolymers according to the invention can be used in a mixture with alkylphenol-formaldehyde resins.
- these alkylphenol-formaldehyde resins are those of the formula 5
- R 6 is C 4 -C 50 alkyl or alkenyl
- R 7 is ethoxy and / or propoxy
- n is a number from 5 to 100
- p is a number from 0 to 50.
- the copolymers according to the invention are used together with comb polymers.
- This is understood to mean polymers in which hydrocarbon radicals having at least 8, in particular at least 10, carbon atoms are bonded to a polymer backbone. They are preferably homopolymers whose alkyl side chains contain at least 8 and in particular at least 10 carbon atoms.
- at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, of the monomers have side chains (cf. Comb-like Polymers Structure and Properties; NA Plate and VP Shibaev, J. Polym. u).
- suitable comb polymers are, for example, fumarate vinyl acetate copolymers (cf. EP 0 153 176 A1), copolymers of a C ⁇ to C 24 ⁇ -olefin and an NC 6 to C 22 alkylmaleimide (cf. EP 0 320 766) , also esterified olefin / maleic anhydride copolymers, polymers and copolymers of ⁇ -olefins and esterified copolymers of styrene and maleic anhydride.
- Comb polymers can, for example, by the formula
- R ' is a hydrocarbon chain of 8-150 carbon atoms
- R " is a hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- m is a number between 0.4 and 1.0
- n is a number between 0 and 0.6.
- the mixing ratio (in parts by weight) of the copolymers prepared according to the invention with paraffin dispersants, resins or comb polymers is in each case 1:10 to 20: 1, preferably 1: 1 to 10: 1.
- the copolymers according to the invention can be used in a mixture with other lubricity additives.
- Lubricity additives are preferably fatty alcohols, fatty acids and dimer fatty acids and their esters and partial esters with glycols (according to DE-A-15 94 417), polyols such as glycerin (according to EP-A-0 680 506, EP-A-0 739 970) or hydroxyamines (according to EP-A-0 802 961) have proven successful.
- the copolymers according to the invention are suitable for improving the lubricating properties and cold properties of animal, vegetable or mineral oils. They are particularly well suited for use in middle distillates. Middle distillates are mineral oils that are obtained by distilling crude oil and boil in the range of 120 to 450 ° C, such as kerosene, jet fuel, diesel and heating oil.
- the copolymers according to the invention are preferably used in middle distillates which contain 0.5% by weight of sulfur and less, particularly preferably less than 500 ppm of sulfur, in particular less than 200 ppm of sulfur and in special cases less than 50 ppm of sulfur.
- middle distillates which have been subjected to hydrogenation refining and which therefore contain only small amounts of polyaromatic and polar compounds which give them a natural lubricating effect.
- the copolymers according to the invention are furthermore preferably used in middle distillates which have 95% distillation points below 370 ° C., in particular 350 ° C. and in special cases below 330 ° C. They can also be used as components in lubricating oils.
- the polymers can be used alone or together with other additives, for example with other pour point depressants or dewaxing aids, with corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants, sludge inhibitors, dehazers and additives for lowering the cloud point.
- additives for example with other pour point depressants or dewaxing aids, with corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants, sludge inhibitors, dehazers and additives for lowering the cloud point.
- the effectiveness of the copolymers according to the invention as lubricity additives and cold flow improvers is explained in more detail by the examples below. Examples
- Rotational viscometer (Haake RV 20) with plate-cone measuring system at 140 ° C.
- the percentages relate to mol%.
- Tallow fatty alcohol and behenyl alcohol are fatty alcohol mixtures of natural origin and consist mainly of C 16/18 or C -OH -OH 18/20/22. All additives are used to improve handling as 50% solutions in solvent naphtha or kerosene.
- the boiling data are determined in accordance with ASTM D-86, the CFPP value in accordance with EN 116 and the cloud point in accordance with ISO 3015.
- the lubricating effect of the additives was carried out using an HFRR device from PCS Instruments on additive oils at 60 ° C.
- the high Frequency Reciprocating Rig Test (HFRR) is described in D. Wei, H. Spikes, Wear, Vol. 111, No.2, p.217, 1986.
- the results are given as the coefficient of friction and wear scar. A low coefficient of friction and a low wear scar show a good lubricating effect.
- test oil 2 A German winter diesel fuel (test oil 2) was used for the following tests.
- the middle distillate was at room temperature with 200 ppm of a 57% dispersion of a commercially available flow improver (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer with 31% by weight vinyl acetate and a melt viscosity of 170 mPas measured at 140 ° C.) and the amounts given in Table 4 Additives heated to 60 ° C. are added, heated to 40 ° C. for 15 minutes with occasional shaking and then cooled to room temperature. The CFPP value of the additive middle distillate was determined in accordance with EN 116. G
- the additized samples were cooled in 200 ml measuring cylinders in a refrigerator at -2 ° C./hour to -13 ° C. and stored at this temperature for 16 hours.
- the volume and appearance of both the sediment (paraffin phase) and the oil phase above it were then determined and assessed visually. A small amount of sediment and a cloudy oil phase show good paraffin dispersion.
- Exxsol Dearomatized solvents in various boiling ranges for example ⁇ Exxsol D60: 187 to 215 ° C ⁇ ISOPAR (Exxon) isoparaffinic solvent mixtures in different
- Boiling ranges for example ⁇ ISOPAR L: 190 to 210 ° C
- Shellsol D mainly aliphatic solvent mixtures in different boiling ranges
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19927561 | 1999-06-17 | ||
DE19927561A DE19927561C1 (de) | 1999-06-17 | 1999-06-17 | Verwendung hydroxylgruppenhaltiger Copolymere zur Herstellung von Brennstoffölen mit verbesserter Schmierwirkung |
PCT/EP2000/005354 WO2000078897A1 (de) | 1999-06-17 | 2000-06-09 | Verwendung hydroxylgruppenhaltiger copolymere zur herstellung von brennstoffölen mit verbesserter schmierwirkung |
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EP1200539A1 true EP1200539A1 (de) | 2002-05-02 |
EP1200539B1 EP1200539B1 (de) | 2004-10-27 |
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EP00943791A Expired - Lifetime EP1200539B1 (de) | 1999-06-17 | 2000-06-09 | Verwendung hydroxylgruppenhaltiger copolymere zur herstellung von brennstoffölen mit verbesserter schmierwirkung |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6391071B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1200539B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2003503541A (de) |
AU (1) | AU5813400A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19927561C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000078897A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
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EP1116780B1 (de) * | 2000-01-11 | 2005-08-31 | Clariant GmbH | Mehrfunktionelles Additiv für Brennstofföle |
DE10012947A1 (de) | 2000-03-16 | 2001-09-27 | Clariant Gmbh | Mischungen aus Carbonsäuren, deren Derivate und hydroxylgruppenhaltigen Polymeren, sowie deren Verwendung zur Verbesserung der Schmierwirkung von Ölen |
RU2312888C2 (ru) | 2001-10-25 | 2007-12-20 | Бп Корпорейшн Норт Америка Инк. | Компоненты для приготовления смешиваемых транспортируемых топлив |
DE10245737C5 (de) * | 2002-10-01 | 2011-12-08 | Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Additivmischungen für Mineralöle und Mineralöldestillate |
DE10247795A1 (de) * | 2002-10-14 | 2004-04-22 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Hydrocarbylvinyletherhomopolymeren zur Verbesserung der Wirkung von Kaltfliessverbesserern |
DE10319028B4 (de) * | 2003-04-28 | 2006-12-07 | Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh | Demulgatoren für Mischungen aus Mitteldestillaten mit Brennstoffölen pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs |
KR101143114B1 (ko) * | 2003-11-13 | 2012-05-08 | 인피늄 인터내셔날 리미티드 | 고온에서 제트연료에서의 침적물 형성을 억제하는 방법 |
US20050138859A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-06-30 | Graham Jackson | Cold flow improver compositions for fuels |
DE102004024532B4 (de) * | 2004-05-18 | 2006-05-04 | Clariant Gmbh | Demulgatoren für Mischungen aus Mitteldestillaten mit Brennstoffölen pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs und Wasser |
JP5936184B2 (ja) | 2012-02-14 | 2016-06-15 | 国立大学法人福井大学 | ヒドロキシル基含有ビニルエーテルのホモポリマー又はランダム共重合体の製造方法 |
CA2890044C (en) | 2012-11-02 | 2020-10-06 | Evonik Industries Ag | Process for preparing low sulfur dispersant polymers |
WO2014067748A1 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2014-05-08 | Evonik Industries Ag | Middle distillate formulations containing sulphur-free, dispersant alkylmethacrylate copolymers |
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GB1001475A (en) | 1960-12-30 | 1965-08-18 | Monsanto Co | Compositions containing oil-soluble polymeric materials |
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DD126090A1 (de) | 1976-05-06 | 1977-06-22 | ||
US4211534A (en) | 1978-05-25 | 1980-07-08 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Combination of ethylene polymer, polymer having alkyl side chains, and nitrogen containing compound to improve cold flow properties of distillate fuel oils |
JPS5840391A (ja) | 1981-09-03 | 1983-03-09 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | 燃料油の低温流動性改良方法 |
DE3405843A1 (de) | 1984-02-17 | 1985-08-29 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Copolymere auf basis von maleinsaeureanhydrid und (alpha), (beta)-ungesaettigten verbindungen, ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung als paraffininhibitoren |
EP0153177B1 (de) | 1984-02-21 | 1991-11-06 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Mitteldestillat-Zusammensetzungen mit Fliesseigenschaften bei Kälte |
DE3742630A1 (de) | 1987-12-16 | 1989-06-29 | Hoechst Ag | Polymermischungen fuer die verbesserung der fliessfaehigkeit von mineraloeldestillaten in der kaelte |
DE3926992A1 (de) | 1989-08-16 | 1991-02-21 | Hoechst Ag | Verwendung von umsetzungsprodukten von alkenylspirobislactonen und aminen als paraffindispergatoren |
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US6409778B1 (en) | 1997-11-21 | 2002-06-25 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Additive for biodiesel and biofuel oils |
DE19823565A1 (de) * | 1998-05-27 | 1999-12-02 | Clariant Gmbh | Mischungen von Copolymeren mit verbesserter Schmierwirkung |
-
1999
- 1999-06-17 DE DE19927561A patent/DE19927561C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-06-09 DE DE50008434T patent/DE50008434D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-06-09 US US09/591,236 patent/US6391071B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-06-09 JP JP2001505646A patent/JP2003503541A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-06-09 EP EP00943791A patent/EP1200539B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-09 WO PCT/EP2000/005354 patent/WO2000078897A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-06-09 AU AU58134/00A patent/AU5813400A/en not_active Abandoned
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WO2000078897A1 (de) | 2000-12-28 |
JP2003503541A (ja) | 2003-01-28 |
DE19927561C1 (de) | 2000-12-14 |
DE50008434D1 (de) | 2004-12-02 |
US6391071B1 (en) | 2002-05-21 |
AU5813400A (en) | 2001-01-09 |
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