EP1195179B1 - Safety shutter or door against fire or smoke - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a horizontal sliding fire/smoke door (11), moved automatically into closed position by a drive unit (14). The drive unit is constructed, so that at the end of the closing process, when the door has engaged into a sealing area (16) with sealing elements (17,18,20), it applies a higher closing force. This increases with increasing distance traveled, and reaches max. force at the end if the closing process. The drive unit has a driven cable-like power transmission element, extending in movement direction of the door, and deflected via a pulley.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to the field of fire / smoke protection technology. It relates to a fire / Rauchschutztoranlage or fire / smoke protection door system according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a fire / Rauchschutztoranlage or fire / smoke protection door system is eg from the US-A-4,823,509 known (see the Fig. 11 there).

STATE OF THE ART

In larger buildings, which are divided by walls (or other walls), openings or passages in these walls are often automated Fire / smoke protection gates or doors equipped. In case of fire, which is associated with the occurrence of smoke and / or fire, close the fire / smoke protection doors or doors - triggered by local fire or smoke detectors or by a centrally issued alarm - automatically. In many cases, the fire / smoke protection doors or doors are designed as horizontally movable sliding gates or doors.

For driving such fire / smoke protection gates or doors usually electrical drives are provided, as they are known from the art of automatic sliding doors (see, eg WO-A1-90113723 or the DE-A1-196 41 592 or the DE-A1-37 09 688 or the EP-A2-0 984 130 ). Since the fire is often accompanied by a failure of the central power supply of the building, usually mains-independent additional devices are provided with electrically driven fire / smoke protection doors or doors, which ensure a safe closure even in the event of failure of the central power supply. Known attachments include either mechanical energy storage such as a tensioned rubber band (comparable to the WO-A1-90 / 13723 or the DE-A1-39 40 762 ), which act directly on the door or the door, or electrical energy storage (see, for example, the DE-A1-38 26 718 or the DE-A1-196 41 592 or the) which provide the necessary auxiliary power for the normal electric drive.

Furthermore, the disclosure US 4,819,378 a fire door in which the door enters a sealing area, which is arranged both at the closing edge as well as at the peripheral edge. The drive takes place for example via an elastic element which is coupled via a cable to the door.

The US 5,782,690 discloses a roller shutter, which is to serve for space separation in case of fire. The shutter is thereby brought by gravity or by springs from a rolled up on the ceiling position in the unrolled, the rooms separating position.

However, this type of ancillary equipment is problematic if the fire / smoke protection door or the fire / smoke door is to be equipped with special seals to prevent the passage of smoke through the gap between the door or door and frame (or wall). These seals are elastically deformed in the final phase of the closing process and / or snuggle up against the door (the door) and thus inhibit the closing movement.

If mechanical energy storage devices are used as additional devices, they must be designed more strongly in order to be able to overcome the inhibition safely. Since the mechanical energy storage (rubber band, counterweight, etc.) but usually with the opening of the door (the door) are automatically loaded (stretched), the entire Oeffnungsvorgang by the stronger energy storage (by a stronger rubber band, a greater balance weight, etc.) accordingly difficult. In many cases, the permissible upper limit force is exceeded, which is prescribed in the case of fire / smoke protection doors (doors) for the opening, in order to allow an opening by hand in an emergency.

If used as additional equipment instead of the mechanical electrical energy storage (accumulators), it is generally conceivable to briefly remove an increased power from the storage at the end of the closing process. However, this can lead to difficulties if the energy storage has already been significantly weakened by the previous closing process. Such a weakening can occur, in particular, when the closing process has to be repeated several times, because the door (the door) has detected an obstacle when closing by means of built-in protective devices (personal protective strips or the like).

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a fire / Rauchschutztoranlage or fire / smoke protection door system, which avoids the disadvantages of known systems and in particular with regard to the automatic closure in case of power failure provides increased security.

The object is solved by the entirety of the features of claim 1. The gist of the invention is to design the gate or door drive device so as to apply an increased closing force at the end of the closing operation when the gate or door enters the sealing area. With the increased closing force, the inhibition of the closing movement caused by the seals can be easily and safely overcome and a tight closure achieved become. Since only the closing force is increased, and this happens only at the end of the closing process, can be dispensed with a corresponding increase in the drive power, if at the same time the driving speed is reduced. In this way, an electrical energy storage device can be used as an additional device for the supply of auxiliary energy, without this being exposed to excessive loads because of the seals.

Since the inhibition towards the end of the travel path (closing path) increases with the way, it is advantageous if the increased closing force increases with increasing travel and reaches its maximum at the end of the closing process.

In this case, preferably, the increase in the closing force takes place at a substantially constant drive power of the drive device.

The increased closing force can be provided particularly easily if, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the drive device comprises a driven cable-like force transmission element which extends essentially in the direction of travel of the fire / smoke protection door or the fire / smoke protection door and at a predetermined location by deflection means in one direction is deflected transversely to the direction of travel when a driver is attached to the power transmission element, and when the driver via coupling means with the fire / smoke protection gate or the fire / smoke door is engaged such that the driver is deflected by the deflection when the fire / Smoke protection door or the fire / smoke protection door with the main closing edge enters the sealing area.

Preferably, the power transmission element is a chain, the deflecting means comprise a Umlenkritzel, around which the chain is guided, and the coupling means comprise a connected to the fire / smoke protection gate or the fire / smoke door, movable in the direction of travel carriage extending transversely to the direction of travel Has slot in which engages the driver.

A similar configuration is in the US-A-4,452,014 have been proposed for opening a sliding door to lift the hanging on rollers door with the rollers of recesses in the track. When closing the door, on the other hand, it automatically rolls into the end position determined by the depressions.

The configuration with the slot offers - unlike the configuration of the US-A-4,452,014 - A special additional advantage, if the catch in the slot on the going through the axis of rotation of the Umlenkritzels parallel to the direction of travel is also deflected to lock the fire / smoke protection door or the fire / smoke door. By such a "deadlock" can be prevented in a very simple and effective way that the closed fire / smoke protection door or the closed fire / smoke door can not open (eg by heat) by itself.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, an elastically deformable sealing profile is arranged on the main closing edge of the fire / smoke protection door or the fire / smoke protection door, with which the fire / smoke protection door or fire / smoke protection door when closing in an opposite, fixed to the wall, elastically deformable mating sealing profile enters, wherein the sealing profile preferably has a substantially triangular profile cross section and rests with the base side of the triangle at the main closing edge of the fire / smoke protection door or the fire / smoke protection door, and the mating profile in the profile cross-section has a corresponding triangular recess for receiving the sealing profile ,

Further embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.

BRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. 1

in der Draufsicht von vorne eine stark vereinfachte Darstellung einer Brand/Rauchschutztoranlage, wie sie beispielhaft zur Verwirklichung der Erfindung geeignet ist,

Fig. 2

den Schnitt durch die Anlage nach Fig. 1 entlang der dortigen Ebene II-II;

Fig. 3

einen vergrösserten Ausschnitt des Dichtungsbereiches aus Fig. 2;

Fig. 4

die Verfahrrichtung und den Verfahrweg des Tores im Dichtungsbereich gemäss Fig. 3;

Fig. 5

in einem schematischen Diagramm die Schliesskraft (K) über den Verfahrweg (W), wie sie für die dichtungsbedingte Hemmung benötigt wird (Kurve B), wie sie von einem herkömmlichen mechanischen Hilfsenergiespeicher (Gummiseil etc.) zur Verfügung gestellt wird (Kurve C), und wie sie mit einer Kraftverstärkung gemäss der Erfindung erreicht wird (Kurve A); und

Fig. 6a-d

in verschiedenen Teilfiguren 6(a)-6(d) verschiedene Phasen beim Schliessvorgang mit anschliessender Totpunktverriegelung in einer Antriebsvorrichtung gemäss einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments in conjunction with the drawings. Show it

Fig. 1

in the plan view from the front a much simplified representation of a fire / smoke protection gate system, as it is suitable for the realization of the invention,

Fig. 2

the section through the plant after Fig. 1 along the level II-II;

Fig. 3

an enlarged section of the sealing area Fig. 2 ;

Fig. 4

the direction of travel and the travel of the gate in the sealing area according to Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 5

in a schematic diagram, the closing force (K) over the travel (W), as required for the sealing-related inhibition (curve B), as provided by a conventional mechanical auxiliary energy storage (rubber rope, etc.) (curve C), and how it is achieved with a force amplification according to the invention (curve A); and

Fig. 6a-d

in different sub-figures 6 (a) -6 (d) different phases during the closing process with subsequent deadlock in a drive device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

WAYS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

In the following explanation of the invention, the sake of simplicity, only gate of a fire / smoke protection and a fire / smoke protection gate to be spoken. It goes without saying, however, that the statements apply just as much for a fire / smoke protection door system and a fire / smoke protection door , which differ from a fire / smoke protection actually only by their dimensions.

In Fig. 1 is shown in plan view from the front in a much simplified representation of a fire / Rauchschutztoranlage, as it is suitable for the realization of the invention by way of example. The fire / smoke protection door system 10 comprises a fire / smoke protection door 11 which can be displaced in the horizontal direction (double arrow) by means of a drive device 14 (in this example above the door) which is coupled to the fire / smoke protection door 11 via a coupling device 15 , In the event of fire, the fire / smoke protection door 11 is moved from an opening position (not shown) to the right into the closed position shown and thus closes an opening 13 in a wall (or wall) 12 (see also FIG Fig. 2 ).

Since the fire / smoke protection door 11 is not only intended to prevent the spread of fire, but also the passage of smoke through the opening 13, a sealing area 16 is provided on the right vertical edge of the opening 13, in which the fire / smoke protection gate 11 when closing with its Hauptschliesskante 24 einfährt ( Fig. 3 ). Since the fire / smoke protection door 11 moves in the example shown in front of the wall 12, the sealing region 16 according to Fig. 3 a patch on the wall 12, for example consisting of an angled sheet steel sealing baffle 23, in which the actual seals 17, 18 and 20 are housed. The seal 20 is a mating seal profile, which has a triangular-shaped recess in the profile cross-section. In this recess moves when closing the fire / smoke protection door 11 with the sealing profile 19, which has a corresponding triangular profile cross-section and with the base side of the triangle is attached to the main closing edge 24 of the fire / smoke protection door 11. The sealing profile 19 may be formed, for example, as a personal protection strip, which emits a stop signal to the drive device 14 or the control thereof as soon as the sealing profile 19 is compressed upon impact of the door on an object.

Sealing profile 19 and mating seal profile 20 are made of an elastically deformable material and are against each other and pressed together when closing the fire / smoke protection door 11 in order to achieve the best possible tightness. For the compression of an increased closing force is necessary. Also, an increased closing force is required to overcome the frictional forces generated by two sealing lips 21 and 22. These sealing lips 21, 22 are integrally formed on the mating seal profile 20 on both sides of the recess and are in the final phase of the closing process to increase the tightness on the two outer sides of the fire / smoke protection gate 11 at. Finally, the closing process is also inhibited by two sealing strips 17, 18, between which the fire / smoke protection gate 11 enters the sealing area 16 and which rest on both outer sides of the door. The sealing strips 17, 18 are preferably made of a material that swells when exposed to heat and thus reinforced in extreme cases, the sealing effect.

According to Fig. 4 passes through the fire / smoke protection gate 11 when closing in the direction of the arrow a path W, which makes a distance d from retraction into the sealing area 16 to the final closing position, which is for example 80 mm. The in the seal configuration according to Fig. 3 or 4 required closing force K as a function of the travel W is in the diagram of Fig. 5 shown as a solid curve (B). The waypoint W1 is in the sealing area 16 before the gate is retracted, the waypoint W2 marks the entry into the sealing strips 17, 18, the waypoint W3 marks the entry into the mating profile 20, and the waypoint W4 marks the end position of the gate (the distance between W2 and W4 is equal to d).

If the fire / smoke protection gate 11 (in case of power failure) pulled in a known manner by means of a counterweight or a stretched rubber rope or a tensioned spring pulley in the closed position, a closing force K would be compared with the travel path W according to the dotted curve (C) Fig. 5 not only is not sufficient overall, but even drops in the final final phase of the closing process.

In contrast, according to the invention, a closing force K is provided which increases with increasing travel distance W approximately in accordance with the dashed curve (A) and even reaches its maximum at the end point. With such a closing force curve, the inhibitions arising from the sealing region 16 can be safely overcome and thus the desired tightness can be achieved.

Preferably, a curve (A) of the closing force K by a drive device 14 according to Fig. 6 generated. In this drive device 14, the fire / smoke protection door with a carriage 26 (fixed or detachable) coupled, which is mounted by means of laterally plugged slider 31 in a rail 25 with U-shaped cross-sectional profile in the horizontal direction. The carriage 26 has at its one end a transverse to the direction of travel extending slot 30. In this slot 30, a driver 28 engages. The driver 28 is rotatably mounted on a chain 27 about a vertical central axis. The chain 27 extends within the rail 25 in the longitudinal direction and is deflected at one end of the rail 25 by means of a Umlenkritzels 29 by 180 °. The chain 27 is driven by a (not shown) drive pinion, which is connected to an electric motor (possibly via a transmission). The drive is preferably uniform, so that the chain 27 moves at a constant linear speed.

To close the fire / smoke protection door, the chain 27 is now moved so that the guide pinion 29 rotates counterclockwise. The driver 28 attached to the rear portion of the chain 27 then moves in the direction of the in Fig. 6 drawn arrow (closing direction). As long as the driver 28 is still in front of the Umlenkritzel 29 and has not touched the circumference of Umlenkritzels 29, it moves in the closing direction at the same speed as the chain 27 (FIG. Fig. 6 (a) and (B) ). The traversing speed of the carriage 26 entrained by the driver 28 is correspondingly uniform. If the driver 28 is moved later ( Fig. 6 (c) ) is deflected together with the chain 27 around the circumference of the Umlenkritzels 29 around, the speed component of the driver 28 decreases in the direction of travel increasingly, while increasing the speed component perpendicular thereto (parallel to the slot 30) starting from zero. Passes the driver 28 in the slot 30 passing through the axis of rotation of the Umlenkritzels 29 parallel P to the direction of travel ( Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (d) ), the velocity component in the travel direction is zero, while the velocity component perpendicular thereto is equal to the linear velocity of the chain 27. The drive device 14 is now coupled to the fire / smoke protection door 11 so that the speed component of the driver decreases in the direction of travel when the fire / smoke protection door 11 enters the sealing area 16, and goes to zero when the fire / smoke protection door 11 assumes its final closed position , Since the drive power corresponds to the product of the travel speed (in the direction of travel) and the closing force K, the closing force is approximately the same as the drive power is constant and the closing force increases inversely with decreasing travel speed. This increased closing force is provided without having to change the drive power, which is particularly advantageous when using an auxiliary electrical energy storage. It goes without saying that achieved by deflection force increase can also be achieved if instead of the chain 27, a toothed belt, a rope or the like. Is used.

The guide of the driver 28 - which may be rectangular or formed as a roller - in the slot 30 in addition to the described force increase another significant advantage: If the slot 30 is chosen in length so that the driver 28 in the end position of the door in the dead center position given by the parallel P or even something beyond that, results from the configuration of a "dead center", ie the fire / smoke protection door 11 can not be moved by hand in the opening direction, because the movement of the driver 28 is blocked in the opening direction by the guide pinion 29.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Fire / smoke protection door system (fire / smoke protection door system)

11

Fire / smoke protection door (fire / smoke protection door)

12

Wall (wall)

13

Opening

14

driving device

15

coupling device

16

sealing area

17.18

Sealing strip (swelling when exposed to heat)

19

Sealing profile (gate)

20

Against sealing profile

21.22

sealing lip

23

Sealing baffle (sheet steel)

24

Main closing edge (gate)

25

rail

26

carriages

27

Chain

28

takeaway

29

return sprocket

30

Long hole

31

Glider (plastic)

d

distance

K

closing

P

parallel

W

traverse

W1, .., W4

waypoint

Claims (10)

1. Fire/smoke control gate system or door: system (10), comprising a fire/smoke control gate or door (11) which is preferably movable in the horizontal direction and, in the event of a fire, closes an opening (13) : in a wall (12), wherein, at the end of the closing operation, the main closing edge (24) of the fire/smoke control gate or door (11) enters a sealing region (16) equipped with sealing means (17, 18; 20), and also comprising a drive device (14) by means of which the fire/smoke control gate or door (11) is automatically movable into the closed position, characterized in that the drive device (14) is designed in such a manner that it applies an increased closing force (K) at the end of the closing operation when the fire/smoke control gate or door (11) enters the sealing region (16), with the closing force rising with increasing movement distance.
2. Fire/smoke control gate system or door system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the increased closing force (K) increases with increasing movement distance (W) and reaches its maximum at the end of the closing operation.
3. Fire/smoke control gate system or door system according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the closing force (K) is increased while the driving power of the drive device (14) is substantially constant.
4. Fire/smoke control gate system or door system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drive device (14) comprises a driven cable-like force transmission element (27) which runs substantially in the direction of movement of the fire/smoke control gate or door (11) and is deflected at a predetermined location by means of deflecting means (29) into a direction transverse to the direction of movement, in that a driver (28) is fastened to the force transmission element (27), and in that the driver (28) is in engagement with the fire/smoke control gate or door (11) via coupling means (26, 30) in such a manner that the driver is deflected by the deflecting means (29) when the main closing edge (24) of the fire/smoke control gate or door (11) enters the sealing region (16).
5. Fire/smoke control gate system or door system according to Claim 4, characterized in that the force transmission element is a chain (27), in that the deflecting means comprise a deflecting pinion (29) about which the chain (27) is guided; and in that the coupling means comprise a moving slide (26) which:is connected to the fire/smoke control gate or door (11), is displaceable in the direction of movement and has an elongated hole (30) which extends transversely with respect to the direction of movement and in which the driver (28) engages.
6. Fire/smoke control gate system or door system according to Claim 5, characterized in that, in order to lock the fire/smoke control gate or door (11), the driver (28) can be deflected in the elongated hole (30) beyond the parallel (P), which passes through the axis of rotation of the deflecting pinion (29), to the direction of movement.
7. Fire/smoke control gate system or door system according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an elastically deformable sealing profile (19) is arranged on the main closing edge (24) of the fire/smoke control gate or door (11), with which sealing profile the fire/smoke control gate or door (11) enters, during closing, into an opposite, elastically deformable countersealing profile (20) fastened to the wall.
8. Fire/smoke control gate system or door system according to Claim 7, characterized in that the sealing profile (19) has a substantially triangular profile cross section and bears with the base side of the triangle against the main closing edge (24) of the fire/smoke control gate or door (11), and in that the countersealing profile (20) has, in profile cross section, a corresponding triangular recess for receiving the sealing profile (19).
9. Fire/smoke control gate system or door system according to Claim 8, characterized in that the countersealing profile has, on both sides, sealing lips (21, 22) which bear against the outer sides of the fire/smoke control gate or door (11) when the fire/smoke control gate or door (11) enters the countersealing profile (20).
10. Fire/smoke control gate system or door system according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that sealing strips (17, 18) which swell in heat are arranged in the sealing region (16) and, when the fire/smoke control gate or door (11) has entered the sealing region (16), bear against both outer sides of the fire/smoke control gate or door (11).

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