EP1192295B1 - Gegenstand mit verbessertem widerstand gegen nestkorrosion - Google Patents

Gegenstand mit verbessertem widerstand gegen nestkorrosion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1192295B1
EP1192295B1 EP00930472A EP00930472A EP1192295B1 EP 1192295 B1 EP1192295 B1 EP 1192295B1 EP 00930472 A EP00930472 A EP 00930472A EP 00930472 A EP00930472 A EP 00930472A EP 1192295 B1 EP1192295 B1 EP 1192295B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
tube
corrosion
copper
tin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00930472A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1192295A1 (de
Inventor
Sandra J. Downey
Thomas J. Garosshen
Daniel P. Gaffaney
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
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Carrier Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1192295A1 publication Critical patent/EP1192295A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1192295B1 publication Critical patent/EP1192295B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to protecting metals from a corrosive environment, and more specifically, to protecting copper from formicary corrosion when used in a corrosive environment.
  • Corrosion is a process that involves two simultaneous reactions which are called half-cells.
  • One half-cell reaction is the oxidation or corrosion of the metal. This process involves the loss of electrons, e.g., 2M ⁇ 2M + +2e -
  • Electrons from the oxidation process are in tum used by an associated reduction half-cell reaction, which is often the reduction of oxygen or hydrogen, e.g., O 2 +4H + +4e - ⁇ 2H 2 O 2H + +2e - ⁇ H 2
  • the oxidation reaction (corrosion process) can only proceed at a rate governed by the reduction reaction that uses the electrons from the oxidation process. This is because charge neutrality must be maintained.
  • Prevention of this form of corrosion has typically been accomplished by elimination at least one of the three necessary constituents for its occurence, i.e.., air, moisture, or organic acid
  • air, moisture, or organic acid when at least one of these constituents cannot be removed, as would be the case in an indoor air conditioning application in which an evaporator coil is wet by condensate by virtue of its dehumidification function, alternate protection methods are needed.
  • JP 08/78585 dicloses a process in which the inner surface of a copper tube is plated with tin.
  • JP 59229200 discloses plating tin, nickel, lead or aluminium ores components of a heat exchanger.
  • the present invention provides an article as claimed in claim 1.
  • the primary object of this invention is to provide an article, such as the copper tubes of an evaporator coil, having improved formicary corrosion resistant properties when used in a corrosive environment.
  • the protective layer comprises a coating formed from one of tin and a tin alloy.
  • the coating has a thickness in the range of 0.10 to 1.00 mil (0.0025 to 0.025 mm) and is uniformly applied to the surface. Most preferably, the thickness of the coating is 0.50 mil (0.063 mm)
  • the present invention provides for formicary corrosion protection of copper tubing used in plate-fin coils.
  • FIG.1 illustrates a plate-fin coil 1 of the type typically used in air conditioning units.
  • the coil includes one or more flow circuits for carrying refrigerant therethrough.
  • the coil 1 contains a single flow circuit tube 2 consisting of an inlet line 3 and an outlet line 4, and a plurality of fins 5 extending radially therefrom.
  • evaporator coils of this type are commonly used in corrosive environments.
  • coils of this type are fabricated utilizing copper tubing for the circuit flow tubes. Copper is utilized in tube construction because of its good heat transfer properties, general resistance to corrosion, and ease of fabrication and repair.
  • the exposed surface of the copper tube 2 is coated or enriched with a material for preventing formicary corrosion.
  • Tin and tin alloys are the best candidates for this material.
  • substantial improvements in the resistance to formicary corrosion is achieved by coating or impregnating the copper tubing's surface with a layer of material such as tin or tin alloy.
  • FIG. 2 The improvement achieved using the principles of the present invention is illustrated graphically in FIG. 2.
  • Testing has shown a greater than twenty fold (20x) improvement in the failure rate of copper when, for example, copper tubing is coated with 0.5 mil (0.063 mm) of electroplated tin.
  • Other methods of prevention such as using formicary corrosion inhibitors (not including removing one of the three factors causing formicary corrosion which is rarely a feasible option), typically show only a three fold (3x) improvement. Accordingly, by coating the formicary corrosion susceptible copper tubing with a metal that is resistant to such corrosion, the corrosion resistance of the copper tubing is significantly improved.
  • tin alloys containing such metals as zinc, magnesium, copper, gallium, cadmium and lead will also result in improved resistance to formicary corrosion of the copper.
  • Other metals also increasing the resistance to formicary corrosion may be used as well.
  • the coating or surface enrichment of the copper tubes 2, in the embodiment illustrated, with tin or other discussed material is accomplished prior to the assembly of the heat exchanger 10.
  • Potential methods include: (1) hot dipping, (2) electroplating (3) vapor deposition, and (4) ion implantation.
  • This invention includes all coatings that work to prevent formicary corrosion of copper.
  • the proposed approach is very cost effective and maintains the thermal conduction of the copper tubing in heat exchanger applications.
  • High thermal conduction is accomplished by using a coating with a relatively high thermal conductivity or by applying very thin coatings.
  • An important aspect of the present invention is the production of a uniform coating of formicary corrosion reaction resistant material over the entire exterior surface of the flow circuit tubes 2. Regardless of the process used, the variables of tube surface preparation, tube preheat temperature, coating composition, and coating thickness need to be carefully controlled to achieve the proper results of the present invention.
  • the preparation of the exposed surfaces of the tube is designed to remove the surface oxide layer from the copper to ensure that the coating material will adhere well to the tube.
  • a number of surface preparation processes are known in industry and include the use of acid reducing gases, fluxes and mechanical abrasion such as shot blasting It is preferred that the coating have high ductility to allow for the subsequent assembly of the heat exchanger without damaging the coating.
  • the ductility of the coating is determined in part by the coating composition and the thickness of the coating. The coating must be thick enough to prevent the penetration of the electrolyte, and thin enough to have good formability and cost benefits. The optimal range of thickness is 0.10 mils to 1.0 mils (0.0025 to 0.025 mm)
  • the primary advantage of this invention is that an article is provided, such as a plate-fin heat exchanger coil, having improved formicary corrosion resistant properties when used in a corrosive environment.
  • a copper tube evaporator is provided having a coating for inhibiting corrosion activities due to formicary corrosion.
  • a plate-fin coil is provided formed from copper tubing with a tin or tin alloy coating for inhibiting formicary corrosion.

Claims (14)

  1. Gegenstand, der widerstandsfähig gegen Ameisennestkorrosion ist, aufweisend ein aus Kupfer gebildetes Strömungskreisrohr (2), wobei das Rohr einen Kühlmitteleinlass (3) und einen Kühlmittelauslass (4) hat, und ferner aufweisend eine Mehrzahl von Lamellen (5), die mit dem Rohr (2) verbunden sind und von diesem radial weg ragen, wobei die Außenoberfläche des Rohrs (2) eine an ihrer Oberfläche vorgesehene Schicht zum Vermeiden von Ameisennestkorrosion des Rohrs aufweist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Schicht unter den Lamellen (5), zwischen den Lamellen (5) und dem Rohr (2) erstreckt.
  2. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Schicht eine Beschichtung an der Oberfläche aufweist, wobei die Beschichtung aus einem Metall ist, das eine größere Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Ameisennestkorrosion aufweist als Kupfer.
  3. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Beschichtung gleichmäßig auf die Oberfläche aufgebracht ist.
  4. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Beschichtung eine Dicke im Bereich von 0,10 bis 1,00 Mil (0,0025 bis 0,025 mm) hat.
  5. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Schicht eine Beschichtung ist, die entweder Zinn oder eine Zinnlegierung aufweist.
  6. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 5, wobei die Beschichtung eine Dicke im Bereich von 0,10 bis 1,00 Mil (0,0025 bis 0,025 mm) aufweist.
  7. Gegenstand nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Schicht eine Zinnbeschichtung mit einer gleichmäßigen Dicke von etwa 0,5 Mil (0,0063 mm) ist.
  8. Verfahren zum Schützen eines Artikels, der ein aus Kupfer gebildetes Strömungskreisrohr (2) aufweist, gegen Ameisennestkorrosion, wobei das Rohr einen Kühlmitteleinlass (3) und einen Kühlmittelauslass (4) und eine Mehrzahl von Lamellen (5), die mit dem Rohr (2) verbunden sind und sich von diesem radial erstrecken, aufweisend die Schritte:
    Versehen der Außenoberfläche des Rohrs, vor dem Anbringen der Lamellen daran, mit einer Schicht, die gegen Ameisennestkorrosion widerstandsfähig ist.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Schicht eine Beschichtung an der Oberfläche aufweist, wobei die Beschichtung aus einem Metall ist, das eine größere Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Ameisennestkorrosion aufweist als Kupfer.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, wobei die Beschichtung gleichmäßig auf die Oberfläche aufgebracht wird.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Beschichtung eine Dicke im Bereich von 0,10 bis 1,00 Mil (0,0025 bis 0,025 mm) hat.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Schicht eine Beschichtung ist, die entweder Zinn oder eine Zinnlegierung aufweist.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, wobei die Beschichtung eine Dicke im Bereich von 0,10 bis 1,00 Mil (0,0025 bis 0,025 mm) hat.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Schicht eine Zinnbeschichtung mit einer gleichmäßigen Dicke von etwa 0,5 Mil (0,0063 mm) ist.
EP00930472A 1999-06-01 2000-05-08 Gegenstand mit verbessertem widerstand gegen nestkorrosion Expired - Lifetime EP1192295B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US32422399A 1999-06-01 1999-06-01
US324223 1999-06-01
PCT/US2000/012541 WO2000073537A1 (en) 1999-06-01 2000-05-08 Article exhibiting improved resistance to formicary corrosion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1192295A1 EP1192295A1 (de) 2002-04-03
EP1192295B1 true EP1192295B1 (de) 2005-11-16

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Family Applications (1)

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EP00930472A Expired - Lifetime EP1192295B1 (de) 1999-06-01 2000-05-08 Gegenstand mit verbessertem widerstand gegen nestkorrosion

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP1192295B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60024087T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2249268T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2000073537A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE602005026527D1 (de) * 2004-05-05 2011-04-07 Luvata Oy Aus einer zinn-messing-legierung hergestelltes wärmeübertragungsrohr
CN105401177A (zh) * 2015-12-14 2016-03-16 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 换热器的防腐处理方法、换热器和空调器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59229200A (ja) * 1983-06-08 1984-12-22 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 熱交換器
JPH07166270A (ja) * 1993-12-13 1995-06-27 Mitsubishi Materials Corp 耐蟻の巣状腐食性に優れた銅合金
JPH08178585A (ja) * 1994-12-27 1996-07-12 Paloma Ind Ltd 熱交換器の製造方法
JPH09296997A (ja) * 1996-05-01 1997-11-18 Kobe Steel Ltd 熱交換器用銅又は銅合金管

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2249268T3 (es) 2006-04-01
DE60024087D1 (de) 2005-12-22
DE60024087T2 (de) 2006-07-27
EP1192295A1 (de) 2002-04-03
WO2000073537A1 (en) 2000-12-07

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