EP1192287B1 - Method for producing non-grain oriented electric sheet steel - Google Patents

Method for producing non-grain oriented electric sheet steel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1192287B1
EP1192287B1 EP00918861A EP00918861A EP1192287B1 EP 1192287 B1 EP1192287 B1 EP 1192287B1 EP 00918861 A EP00918861 A EP 00918861A EP 00918861 A EP00918861 A EP 00918861A EP 1192287 B1 EP1192287 B1 EP 1192287B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
rolling
hot
annealing
ferrite
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP00918861A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1192287A1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Kawalla
Hans Pircher
Karl Ernst Friedrich
Brigitte Hammer
Jürgen Schneider
Olaf Fischer
Carl-Dieter Wuppermann
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ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
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ThyssenKrupp Stahl AG
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Priority to SI200030038T priority Critical patent/SI1192287T1/en
Publication of EP1192287A1 publication Critical patent/EP1192287A1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1261—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest following hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1266—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest between cold rolling steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1272—Final recrystallisation annealing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing not grain-oriented electrical sheet, in which from a made of a steel material, such as cast Slabs, bands, curtains or thin slabs, a Hot strip is made, the electric sheet a low turnover loss and a high turnover Polarization and good mechanical properties has.
  • a steel material such as cast Slabs, bands, curtains or thin slabs
  • a Hot strip is made, the electric sheet a low turnover loss and a high turnover Polarization and good mechanical properties has.
  • Such non-grain oriented electrical sheets are mainly used as nuclear material in electrical Machines, such as motors and generators, with rotating magnetic flux direction used.
  • non-grain oriented electrical sheet are here under the DIN EN 10106 ("final annealed Electrical sheet ”) and DIN EN 10165 (" not final annealed Electrical sheet ”) falling electric sheets understood. In addition, also become more anisotropic varieties as long as they are not grain-oriented Electric sheets apply.
  • Non-grain oriented Electrical sheet metal not only affects Non-grain oriented electrical sheets with high losses (P1.5 ⁇ 5 - 6 W / kg), but also sheets with medium (3.5 W / kg ⁇ P1.5 ⁇ 5.5 W / kg) and low losses (P1.5 ⁇ 3.5). Therefore one strives, the entire spectrum the weak, medium and highly silicated Electrotechnical steels in terms of its to improve magnetic polarization values.
  • the object of the invention is a inexpensive way to produce electrical sheets indicate with improved properties.
  • a method for producing non-grain oriented electrical steel in which from a starting material, such as cast slabs, strips or thin slabs, made of a steel with (in wt .-%) 0.001 - 0.05% C, ⁇ 1 , 5% Si, ⁇ 0.4% Al, with Si + 2 Al ⁇ 1.7%, 0.1-1.2% Mn, optionally up to a total of 1.5% of alloying additives, such as P, Sn, Sb, Zr, V, Ti, N, Ni, Co, Nb and / or B, and the remainder being iron and conventional accompanying elements, a hot strip is produced by directing the starting material directly from the casting heat or after a previous reheating to at least 1000 ° C and at most 1180 ° C reheating temperature hot rolled in several forming passes and then coiled, wherein during the hot rolling at least the first forming pass in Austenit with at least one further forming pass in the two-phase mixing area austenite / ferrite is
  • the magnetic Properties of an electrical sheet by deformation during the individual in the course of hot rolling continuous forming passes depending on respective structural state influenced.
  • Crucial part has thereby the rolling in Two-phase mixed area, whereas the proportion of deformation should be as low as possible in the ferrite region.
  • the inventive method is therefore particularly for the processing of such Fe-Si alloys suitable, which is a pronounced two-phase mixed region between have the austenite and the ferrite region.
  • the hot rolling according to the invention is usually in one formed of several rolling stands Finishing roll completed.
  • those traversed in the austenitic area serve Umformstiche to, the thickness of the hot strip before the Start of rolling in the two-phase mixed area so to adjust that during the im Two-phase mixing zone rolling ("Mixing rollers") desired overall shape change safely is reached.
  • the mixing rolls also include at least one forming pass. However, preferably several forming passes in the mixed area austenite / ferrite go through to those required in this mixing rollers Overall shape change of at least 35% sure to reach and so the desired attitude of the To obtain hot strip microstructure.
  • total change in shape ⁇ h is understood here to mean the ratio of the decrease in thickness during rolling in the respective phase region to the thickness of the strip when entering the relevant phase region.
  • a hot strip produced according to the invention has, for example, a thickness h 0 after rolling in the austenite region. In the course of the subsequent rolling in the two-phase mixing zone, the thickness of the hot strip is reduced to h 1 .
  • the total deformation ⁇ h during rolling in the two-phase mixed area austenite / ferrite should reach at least 35% in order to set the desired magnetic and technological properties favorable state of the hot-rolled strip in terms of grain size, texture and precipitates or prepare for subsequent processing steps.
  • Optimal processing results can be achieved if the total deformation in the biphasic mixed area austenite / ferrite is limited to a maximum of 60%.
  • the inventive method allows by a both in terms of temperature control as also with regard to the staggering of the transformations optimized rolling strategy in combination with a suitably selected reel temperature the most cost-effective Production of a high-quality electrical steel material.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the hot strip is finished rolled after forming in the austenite exclusively in the two-phase mixed area austenite / ferrite.
  • the total change in shape ⁇ h achieved during rolling in the two-phase mixed region austenite / ferrite should amount to at least 50%.
  • rolling in the ferrite state of the hot strip is completely avoided.
  • tapes made from Fe-Si steels which have a pronounced two-phase mixed region of austenite / ferrite in the transition from austenite to ferrite. This can be avoided by a suitable choice of the ratio of deformation and forming rate, ie utilization of the heat generated during the forming, an optimal temperature control in terms of avoiding cooling of the rolling stock and thus a complete conversion into ferrite.
  • At least one forming pass in the ferrite region is carried out following the rolling in the two-phase mixed region austenite / ferrite.
  • the total deformation ⁇ h achieved during rolling in the ferrite region should be at least 10% and at most 33%.
  • the rolling in the ferrite is limited to a minimum, so that the center of gravity of the deformation is unchanged in the mixed area austenite / ferrite despite the final rolling in the ferrite.
  • the Hot strip is already softened in the coil, with his Characteristics determining characteristics, such as grain size, Texture and excretions are positively affected.
  • Such an "in-line" running Annealing of the coiled at high temperature, in the coil not substantially cooled hot strip can a otherwise necessary Completely replace hot band bake annealing. Let it be Annealed hot strips with particularly good magnetic and technological properties produce. The required time and Energy expenditure is considerably lower than with the conventionally for improving the properties hot strip annealing performed by electrical steel.
  • the hot strip after rolling in the finishing scale at a reel temperature of less than 600 ° C, in particular less than 550 ° C, reeled.
  • the reeling at these temperatures results in the concerned Alloys to a solidified hot strip state.
  • At least one of the last Forming passes in the ferrite area with lubrication hot rolled.
  • hot rolling with lubrication occur on the one hand lower shear deformations, so that the rolled Band in the result a more homogeneous structure over the Cross section receives.
  • the Lubrication reduces the rolling forces, so that over the each rolling pass a higher reduction in thickness possible is. Therefore it can, depending on the desired Characteristics of the electric sheet to be produced, be advantageous if all in the ferrite occurring forming passes with a rolling lubrication be performed.
  • the hot strip after reeling and Cooling additionally at an annealing temperature of annealed at least 740 ° C.
  • This glow can be in the Hood furnace or in a continuous furnace
  • Thin slabs or cast strips when cast as a starting material Thin slabs or cast strips are used, can produce hot strips whose thickness ⁇ 1.5 mm is.
  • the production of high quality Bands can be characterized in this context accomplish that the cast starting material in a Cast rolling mill has been produced and coming from this is passed directly into the rolling mill.
  • Hot rolled strips produced according to the invention have such good properties Characteristics that they are suitable for a variety of Use applications directly as electrical sheets let, without the need for another cold rolling requires one about a smoothing or a passing going out cold deformation is made. Therefore there is a preferred embodiment of the invention in that the hot strip is made up and as Electrical sheet is delivered.
  • Hot strip is processed, especially good magnetic Properties can be achieved when hot rolling in Mixed austenite / ferrite is terminated. It has shown that in particular so under avoidance of the Ferrit capablees hot rolled hot strips suitable are without further deformation in the course of a Cold rolling to be delivered to the end user.
  • the magnetic Characteristics of the according to the invention produced hot-rolled Bandes be improved by the fact that the stained Hot strip at a degree of deformation of more than 3 to no more than 15% temper rolling. This too Reworking does not lead to typical thickness reduction, which would be comparable to the typical cold rolling achieved because of the achieved high degrees of deformation Change in strip thickness. Rather, additional Deformation energy introduced into the band, which a positive influence on the later processability of the Dressing rolled strip has.
  • the invention delivered as a hot strip Electrical sheet can in the usual way before his Assembly and delivery at one Annealing temperature> 740 ° C final annealing. Becomes on the other hand, the final annealing was carried out at the processor, so can a non-annealed electric hot strip for be provided by the hot strip before his Assembly and delivery at annealing temperatures > 650 ° C recrystallizing to a non-annealed electrical steel is annealed.
  • the hot strip produced in accordance with the invention is but also because of its mechanical properties particularly suitable, in a conventional manner einoder to be cold-rolled in several stages to a final thickness. If the cold rolling is carried out in several stages, should follow at least one of the cold rolling stages an intermediate annealing done to the good mechanical Maintain properties of the band.
  • a "fully-finished" -Ebandroband produced be then joins the cold rolling Final annealing at an annealing temperature, which preferably> 740 ° C.
  • Cold-rolled electrical steel produced according to the invention is excellent cutting and punching and is suitable as such, especially to components such as Slats or blanks to be processed.
  • components such as Slats or blanks to be processed.
  • the final annealing of the cold-rolled electric sheet preferably in one decarburizing atmosphere.
  • the invention is based on Embodiments explained in more detail.
  • J2500 refers to the following the magnetic polarization at magnetic Field strengths of 2500 A / m, 5000 A / m or 10000 A / m.
  • P 1.0 or P 1.5 is the Loss of magnetization at a polarization of 1.0 T or 1.5 T and a frequency of 50 Hz understood.
  • the Finishing roll is at least the first forming pass exclusively in Austenitic area.
  • Table 2 shows the magnetic properties J 2500 , J 5000 , J 10000 , P 1.0 and P 1.5 for two electrical sheets B1, B2 produced from steels A and B, respectively.
  • the respective hot-rolled strips intended for the production of the electrical sheets B1, B2 have been rolled to completion in the austenitic area at a total degree of deformation ⁇ h of 66% in the two-phase mixed area austenite / ferrite.
  • the rolled hot strips were then rewound at a reel temperature of 750 ° C. Immediately thereafter, the coiled hot strips were cooled and fed to further processing.
  • Table 3 shows the magnetic properties J 2500 , J 5000 , J 10000 , P 1.0 and P 1.5 for electrical sheets B3, B4, B5.
  • the sheet B3 has been produced using the steel A, the sheet B4 using the steel B and the sheet B5 using the steel C.
  • the hot strips intended for the production of the electrical steel sheets B3, B4, B5 have also been converted exclusively in the austenite / ferrite two-phase mixed region after the transformation in the austenite region.
  • the total conversion ⁇ h achieved during rolling in the mixing area was 66%. Subsequently, the hot strips were rewound at a temperature of 750 ° C.
  • Table 4 shows the magnetic properties J 2500 , J 5000 , J 10000 , P 1.0 and P 1.5 for electrical sheets B6, B7, B8, which, in the order given, are also based on steels A, B and C have been generated.
  • the hot strips intended for the production of the electric sheets B6, B7, B8 have been formed after the transformation in the austenite area in the two-phase mixed area austenite / ferrite.
  • the total conversion ⁇ h achieved in the two-phase mixed area was 50%.
  • the hot-rolled strip has undergone several forming passes in the ferrite area.
  • the total conversion ⁇ h achieved in the ferrite region was less than 30%.
  • the thus finished rolled hot strip was coiled at a temperature of 750 ° C.
  • Table 5 shows the magnetic properties J 2500 , J 5000 , J 10000 , P 1.0 and P 1.5 for electrical sheets B9, B10, B11.
  • the sheet B9 has been produced using the steel A, the sheet B10 using the steel B and the sheet B11 using the steel C.
  • the hot strips intended for the production of the electrical steel sheets B9, B10, B11 have been subjected to the same transformations in the finishing roll scale as the strips intended for the production of the metal sheets B6, B7, B8.
  • the thus finished rolled hot strip was coiled at a temperature of 750 ° C.
  • Tables 8a-8c show the magnetic properties J 2500 , J 5000 , J 10000 , P 1.0 and P 1.5 for the three electrical sheets C1-C3 and D1-D3, respectively, produced from steels C and D, respectively ,

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing non grain-oriented magnetic steel sheets in which hot strip is produced from an input stock such as cast slabs, strip, roughed strip, or thin slabs, made of steel comprising (in weight %) C: 0.001-0.05%; Si: <=1.5%; Al: <=0.4% with Si+2Al<=1.7%; Mn: 0.1-1.2%; if necessary up to a total of 1.5% of alloying additions such as P, Sn, Sb, Zr, V, Ti, N, Ni, Co, Nb and/or B; with the remainder being iron as well as the usual accompanying elements; in that the input stock is hot-rolled directly from the casting heat or after preceding reheating to a reheating temperature between min. 1000° C. and max. 1180° C. in several deformation passes, and subsequently coiled, wherein during hot-rolling at least the first deformation pass takes place in the austenitic region and at least one further deformation pass takes place in the two-phase mixing region austenite/ferrite, and wherein during rolling in the two-phase mixing region a total deformation epsilonh of at least 35% is achieved.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von nicht kornorientiertem Elektroblech, bei dem aus einem aus einem Stahl erzeugten Vormaterial, wie gegossenen Brammen, Bändern, Vorbändern oder Dünnbrammen, ein Warmband gefertigt wird, wobei das Elektroblech einen geringen Ummangetisierungsverlust und eine hohe Polarisation sowie gute mechanische Eigenschaften besitzt. Derartige nichtkornorientierte Elektrobleche werden hauptsächlich als Kernmaterial in elektrischen Maschinen, wie Motoren und Generatoren, mit rotierender magnetischer Flußrichtung verwendet.The invention relates to a method for producing not grain-oriented electrical sheet, in which from a made of a steel material, such as cast Slabs, bands, curtains or thin slabs, a Hot strip is made, the electric sheet a low turnover loss and a high turnover Polarization and good mechanical properties has. Such non-grain oriented electrical sheets are mainly used as nuclear material in electrical Machines, such as motors and generators, with rotating magnetic flux direction used.

Unter dem Begriff "nichtkornorientiertes Elektroblech" werden hier unter die DIN EN 10106 ("schlußgeglühtes Elektroblech") und DIN EN 10165 ("nicht schlußgeglühtes Elektroblech") fallende Elektrobleche verstanden. Darüber hinaus werden auch stärker anisotrope Sorten einbezogen, solange sie nicht als kornorientierte Elektrobleche gelten.Under the term "non-grain oriented electrical sheet" are here under the DIN EN 10106 ("final annealed Electrical sheet ") and DIN EN 10165 (" not final annealed Electrical sheet ") falling electric sheets understood. In addition, also become more anisotropic varieties as long as they are not grain-oriented Electric sheets apply.

Von der verarbeitenden Industrie wird die Forderung gestellt, nichtkornorientierte Elektrobleche zur Verfügung zu stellen, deren magnetische Eigenschaften gegenüber herkömmlichen Blechen dieser Art angehoben sind. So sollen die Ummagnetisierungsverluste herabgesetzt und die Polarisation im jeweils genutzten Induktionsbereich erhöht werden. Gleichzeitig ergeben sich aus den jeweiligen Be- und Verarbeitungsschritten, welchen die Elektrobleche im Zusammenhang mit ihren Verwendungen unterworfen werden, spezielle Anforderungen an die mechanisch-technologischen Eigenschaften der Elektrobleche. In diesem Zusammenhang kommt der Schneidbarkeit der Bleche, z.B. beim Stanzen, besondere Bedeutung zu.From the manufacturing industry is the demand provided, non-grain-oriented electrical sheets for To provide their magnetic properties raised compared to conventional sheets of this type are. So are the Ummagnetisierungsverluste lowered and the polarization in each used Induction range can be increased. At the same time result arising from the respective processing and processing steps, which the electrical sheets in connection with their Uses are subjected to special requirements to the mechanical and technological properties of the Electrical sheets. In this context, comes the Cuttability of the sheets, e.g. when punching, special Meaning too.

Durch die Erhöhung der magnetischen Polarisation wird der Magnetisierungsbedarf reduziert. Damit einhergehend gehen auch die Kupferverluste zurück, welche einen wesentlichen Anteil an den beim Betrieb elektrischer Maschinen entstehenden Verluste haben. Der wirtschaftliche Wert nichtkornorientierter Elektrobleche mit erhöhter Permeabilität ist daher erheblich.By increasing the magnetic polarization is the magnetization requirement is reduced. Consequently The copper losses go back, which one significant share of the electrical operation Machines have losses incurred. Of the economic value of non-grain oriented electrical sheets with increased permeability is therefore significant.

Die Forderung nach höherpermeablen nichtkornorientierten Elektroblechsorten betrifft nicht nur nichtkornorientierte Elektrobleche mit hohen Verlusten (P1,5 ≥ 5 - 6 W/kg), sondern auch Bleche mit mittleren (3,5 W/kg ≤ P1,5 ≤ 5,5 W/kg) und niedrigen Verlusten (P1,5 ≤ 3.5). Daher ist man bemüht, das gesamte Spektrum der schwach-, mittel- und hochsilizierten elektrotechnischen Stähle hinsichtlich seiner magnetischen Polarisationswerte zu verbessern.The demand for higher-permeability non-grain oriented Electrical sheet metal not only affects Non-grain oriented electrical sheets with high losses (P1.5 ≥ 5 - 6 W / kg), but also sheets with medium (3.5 W / kg ≤ P1.5 ≤ 5.5 W / kg) and low losses (P1.5 ≤ 3.5). Therefore one strives, the entire spectrum the weak, medium and highly silicated Electrotechnical steels in terms of its to improve magnetic polarization values.

Ein Weg, basierend auf mittel- oder schwachsilizierten Legierungen ein höherpermeables Elektroblech herzustellen, besteht darin, im Zuge der Herstellung das Warmband einer Warmbandglühung zu unterziehen. So wird beispielsweise in der WO 96/00306 vorgeschlagen, ein für die Erzeugung eines Elektroblechs bestimmtes Warmband im Austenitgebiet fertig zu walzen und das Haspeln bei Temperaturen oberhalb der vollständigen Umwandlung in Ferrit vorzunehmen. Zusätzlich ist ein Glühen des Coils unmittelbar aus der Walzhitze vorgesehen. Auf diese Weise wird ein Endprodukt mit guten magnetischen Eigenschaften erhalten. Allerdings müssen dazu wegen des hohen Energieaufwands für das Wärmen vor und während des Warmwalzens sowie wegen der erforderlichen Legierungszusätze erhöhte Kosten in Kauf genommen werden.A way based on medium or weakly silicated Alloys a higher permeable electrical sheet manufacture, is in the course of production the Hot strip to undergo a hot strip annealing. So will For example, proposed in WO 96/00306, a for the production of an electric sheet certain hot strip in the Austenite area ready to roll and rewind at Temperatures above full conversion into Make ferrite. In addition, there is a glow of the coil provided directly from the rolling heat. To this Way becomes a final product with good magnetic Get properties. However, because of the high energy expenditure for the heating before and during the Hot rolling and because of the required Alloy additions increased costs accepted become.

Gemäß der EP 0 469 980 ist eine erhöhte Haspeltemperatur in Kombination mit einer zusätzlichen Warmbandglühung anzustreben, um auch bei niedrigen Legierungsgehalten brauchbare magnetische Eigenschaften zu erhalten. Auch dies kann nur unter Inkaufnahme zusätzlicher Kosten bewerkstelligt werden.According to EP 0 469 980, there is an increased reel temperature in combination with an additional hot strip annealing to strive, even at low alloy levels to obtain useful magnetic properties. Also this can only be done at the expense of additional costs be accomplished.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, einen kostengünstigen Weg zur Herstellung von Elektroblechen mit verbesserten Eigenschaften anzugeben.The object of the invention is a inexpensive way to produce electrical sheets indicate with improved properties.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von nicht kornorientiertem Elektroblech gelöst, bei dem aus einem Vormaterial, wie gegossenen Brammen, Bändern oder Dünnbrammen, das aus einem Stahl mit (in Gew.-%) 0,001 - 0,05 % C, ≤ 1,5 % Si, ≤ 0,4 % Al, mit Si + 2 Al ≤ 1,7 %, 0,1 - 1,2 % Mn, gegebenenfalls bis insgesamt 1,5 % an Legierungszusätzen, wie P, Sn, Sb, Zr, V, Ti, N, Ni, Co, Nb und/oder B, und als Rest Eisen sowie üblichen Begleitelementen hergestellt ist, ein Warmband erzeugt wird, indem das Vormaterial direkt aus der Gießhitze oder nach einem vorhergehenden Wiedererwärmen auf eine mindestens 1000 °C und höchstens 1180 °C betragende Wiedererwärmungstemperatur in mehreren Umformstichen warmgewalzt und anschließend gehaspelt wird, wobei während des Warmwalzens mindestens der erste Umformstich im Austenitgebiet und mindestens ein weiterer Umformstich im Zweiphasenmischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit durchgeführt wird und wobei während des Walzens im Zweiphasenmischgebiet eine Gesamtformänderung εh von mindestens 35 % erreicht wird.This object is achieved by a method for producing non-grain oriented electrical steel, in which from a starting material, such as cast slabs, strips or thin slabs, made of a steel with (in wt .-%) 0.001 - 0.05% C, ≤ 1 , 5% Si, ≦ 0.4% Al, with Si + 2 Al ≦ 1.7%, 0.1-1.2% Mn, optionally up to a total of 1.5% of alloying additives, such as P, Sn, Sb, Zr, V, Ti, N, Ni, Co, Nb and / or B, and the remainder being iron and conventional accompanying elements, a hot strip is produced by directing the starting material directly from the casting heat or after a previous reheating to at least 1000 ° C and at most 1180 ° C reheating temperature hot rolled in several forming passes and then coiled, wherein during the hot rolling at least the first forming pass in Austenitgebiet and at least one further forming pass in the two-phase mixing area austenite / ferrite is performed and wherein during rolling in Zweipha senmischgebiet a total change in shape ε h of at least 35% is achieved.

Gemäß der Erfindung werden die magnetischen Eigenschaften eines Elektroblechs durch eine Verformung während der einzelnen im Zuge des Warmwalzens durchlaufenen Umformstiche in Abhängigkeit vom jeweiligen Gefügezustand gezielt beeinflußt. Entscheidenden Anteil hat dabei das Walzen im Zweiphasenmischgebiet, wogegen der Anteil der Umformung im Ferritgebiet möglichst gering sein soll. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist daher insbesondere für die Verarbeitung von solchen Fe-Si-Legierungen geeignet, welche ein ausgeprägtes Zweiphasenmischgebiet zwischen dem Austenit- und dem Ferritgebiet aufweisen.According to the invention, the magnetic Properties of an electrical sheet by deformation during the individual in the course of hot rolling continuous forming passes depending on respective structural state influenced. Crucial part has thereby the rolling in Two-phase mixed area, whereas the proportion of deformation should be as low as possible in the ferrite region. The inventive method is therefore particularly for the processing of such Fe-Si alloys suitable, which is a pronounced two-phase mixed region between have the austenite and the ferrite region.

Die Abstimmung der Legierungszusätze an ferrit- und austenitbildenden Elementen ist unter Berücksichtigung der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Gehaltsbereiche der einzelnen Elemente ausgehend von einer Basiszusammensetzung von (Si + 2Al) ≤ 1,7 vorzunehmen; und zwar derart, daß eine ausreichende Ausprägung des Zweiphasenmischgebiets gegeben ist.The coordination of the alloying additions to ferrite and austenite-forming elements is taken into account the inventively provided salary ranges of single elements starting from a Basic composition of (Si + 2Al) ≤ 1.7; in such a way that a sufficient expression of the Two-phase mixed area is given.

Im Fall der Verwendung von gegossenen Brammen als Vormaterial werden diese auf eine Temperatur ≥ 1000 °C wiedererwärmt, so daß das Material sich vollständig im austenitischen Zustand befindet. Aus dem gleichen Grunde werden auch gegossene Dünnbrammen oder gegossene Bänder unter Ausnutzung der Gießhitze direkt eingesetzt und erforderlichenfalls auf Walzanfangstemperatur von mehr als 1000 °C erwärmt. Dabei wächst die erforderliche Wiedererwärmungstemperatur mit zunehmendem Si-Gehalt, wobei eine Obergrenze von 1180 °C nicht überschritten wird.In the case of the use of cast slabs as Starting material, these are at a temperature ≥ 1000 ° C. reheated, so that the material is completely in the austenitic state is located. For the same reason are also cast thin slabs or cast strips used directly by utilizing the casting heat and if necessary, at rolling start temperature of more heated to 1000 ° C. The required grows Reheating temperature with increasing Si content, where an upper limit of 1180 ° C is not exceeded becomes.

Das Warmwalzen gemäß der Erfindung wird in der Regel in einer aus mehreren Walzgerüsten gebildeten Fertigwalzstaffel durchgeführt. Dabei besteht der Zweck des in einem oder mehreren Stichen erfolgenden Walzens im Austenitgebiet zum einen darin, den Übergang vom Austenit ins Zweiphasenmischgebiet und vom Zweiphasenmischgebiet ins Ferritgebiet kontrolliert innerhalb der Fertigwalzstaffel durchführen zu können. Zum anderen dienen die im Austenitgebiet durchlaufenen Umformstiche dazu, die Dicke des Warmbands vor dem Beginn des Walzens im Zweiphasenmischgebiet so einzustellen, daß die während des im Zweiphasenmischgebiet erfolgenden Walzens ("Mischwalzen") erwünschte Gesamtformänderung sicher erreicht wird. Das Mischwalzen umfaßt ebenfalls mindestens einen Umformstich. Vorzugsweise werden jedoch mehrere Umformstiche im Mischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit durchlaufen, um die bei diesem Mischwalzen geforderte Gesamtformänderung von mindestens 35 % sicher zu erreichen und so die gewünschte Einstellung des Warmbandgefüges zu erhalten.The hot rolling according to the invention is usually in one formed of several rolling stands Finishing roll completed. There is the purpose rolling in one or more passes in the austenite area, on the one hand, in the transition from the Austenite in biphasic mixed area and from Two-phase mixed area controlled in the ferrite area to be able to carry out within the finish rolling scale. On the other hand, those traversed in the austenitic area serve Umformstiche to, the thickness of the hot strip before the Start of rolling in the two-phase mixed area so to adjust that during the im Two-phase mixing zone rolling ("Mixing rollers") desired overall shape change safely is reached. The mixing rolls also include at least one forming pass. However, preferably several forming passes in the mixed area austenite / ferrite go through to those required in this mixing rollers Overall shape change of at least 35% sure to reach and so the desired attitude of the To obtain hot strip microstructure.

Unter der "Gesamtformänderung εh" wird hier das Verhältnis der Dickenabnahme während des Walzens im jeweiligen Phasengebiet zur Dicke des Bandes beim Eintritt in das betreffende Phasengebiet verstanden. Dieser Definition entsprechend weist ein gemäß der Erfindung hergestelltes Warmband beispielsweise nach dem Walzen im Austenitgebiet eine Dicke h0 auf. Im Zuge des darauffolgenden Walzens im Zweiphasenmischgebiet wird die Dicke des Warmbands auf h1 reduziert. Definitionsgemäß ergibt sich damit die beispielsweise während des Mischwalzens erreichte Gesamtformänderung εh zu (h0 - h1) / h0 mit h0 = Dicke beim Eintritt in das erste im Mischzustand Austenit / Ferrit durchlaufene Walzgerüst und h1 = Dicke beim Verlassen des letzten im Mischzustand durchlaufenen Walzgerüsts.The term "total change in shape ε h " is understood here to mean the ratio of the decrease in thickness during rolling in the respective phase region to the thickness of the strip when entering the relevant phase region. According to this definition, a hot strip produced according to the invention has, for example, a thickness h 0 after rolling in the austenite region. In the course of the subsequent rolling in the two-phase mixing zone, the thickness of the hot strip is reduced to h 1 . By definition, this results in the total change in shape ε h achieved during mixing rolling, for example, at (h 0 -h 1 ) / h 0 with h 0 = thickness when entering the first austenite / ferrite mixed stand and h 1 = thickness when leaving the last one Rolling mill passed in the mixed state.

Gemäß der Erfindung soll die Gesamtformänderung εh während des Walzens im Zweiphasenmischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit mindestens 35 % erreichen, um einen die gewünschten magnetischen und technologischen Eigenschaften begünstigenden Zustand des warmgewalzten Bandes hinsichtlich Korngröße, Textur und Ausscheidungen einzustellen bzw. für die nachfolgenden Verarbeitungsschritte vorzubereiten. Optimale Verarbeitungsergebnisse lassen sich dabei erzielen, wenn die Gesamtverformung im Zweiphasenmischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit auf höchstens 60 % beschränkt ist.According to the invention, the total deformation ε h during rolling in the two-phase mixed area austenite / ferrite should reach at least 35% in order to set the desired magnetic and technological properties favorable state of the hot-rolled strip in terms of grain size, texture and precipitates or prepare for subsequent processing steps. Optimal processing results can be achieved if the total deformation in the biphasic mixed area austenite / ferrite is limited to a maximum of 60%.

Durch das schwerpunktmäßig als Mischwalzen unter weitgehender Umgehung eines Walzens im Ferritgebiet erfolgende Warmwalzen läßt sich ein Warmband erzeugen, welches im weiteren zur Herstellung eines Elektroblechs und zur Fertigung von Bauteilen mit hervorragenden magnetischen Eigenschaften genutzt werden kann. Kosten verursachende zusätzliche Verarbeitungsschritte oder das Einhalten bestimmter hoher Temperaturen während des Warmwalzens sind zu diesem Zweck nicht erforderlich. Statt dessen ermöglicht das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren durch eine sowohl hinsichtlich der Temperaturführung als auch hinsichtlich der Staffelung der Umformungen optimierte Walzstrategie in Verbindung mit einer geeignet gewählten Haspeltemperatur die kostengünstige Erzeugung eines hochwertigen Elektroblechmaterials.Due to the focus as a mixing rollers under extensive circumvention of rolling in the ferrite area successful hot rolling can produce a hot strip, which further for the production of an electric sheet and to manufacture components with excellent magnetic properties can be used. costs causing additional processing steps or the Maintaining certain high temperatures during the Hot rolling is not required for this purpose. Instead, the inventive method allows by a both in terms of temperature control as also with regard to the staggering of the transformations optimized rolling strategy in combination with a suitably selected reel temperature the most cost-effective Production of a high-quality electrical steel material.

Es ist festgestellt worden, daß sich schon durch die Kombination der erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen und die Einhaltung des für die Verformung im Mischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Bereichs der Formänderung von 35 % bis 60 % Elektrobleche herstellen lassen, deren Eigenschaften den Eigenschaften von solchen in herkömmlicher Weise hergestellten Elektroblechen gleichkommen, die zusätzliche zeit- und kostenaufwendige Verfahrensschritte, wie ein ergänzendes Warmbandglühen, durchlaufen haben. Weiter ist festgestellt worden, daß für den Fall, daß ein Warmbandglühen in Ergänzung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehensweise angewendet wird, das Zusammenwirken dieser Maßnahmen zu Elektroblechen führt, die in ihren magnetischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften herkömmlich hergestellten Elektroblechen überlegen sind. Somit bewirkt die Erfindung einerseits eine deutliche Verminderung der Kosten bei der Herstellung von qualitativ hochwertigen Elektroblechen. Andererseits lassen sich auf Grundlage des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens Bleche erzeugen, deren Eigenschaften herkömmlich erzeugten Elektroblechen weit überlegen sind.It has been found that already by the Combination of the measures according to the invention and the Compliance with the requirements for deformation in the mixed area Austenite / ferrite according to the invention provided area the shape change from 35% to 60% electric sheets make their properties, the properties of the properties from those produced in a conventional manner Electrical sheets equal, the additional time and costly process steps, such as a supplementary Hot strip annealing, have gone through. Next is has been found that in the event that a Hot strip annealing in addition to the invention Procedure is applied, the interaction These measures lead to electrical steel sheets in their magnetic and mechanical properties conventional are superior to manufactured electrical sheets. Consequently causes the invention on the one hand a clear Reduction of costs in the production of high quality electric sheets. on the other hand can be based on the invention Process produce sheets whose properties far superior to conventionally produced electrical steel sheets are.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Warmband nach der Umformung im Austenitgebiet ausschließlich im Zweiphasenmischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit fertig gewalzt wird. Insbesondere bei dieser Variante der Erfindung sollte die während des Walzens im Zweiphasenmischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit erreichte Gesamtformänderung εh mindestens 50 % betragen. Bei dieser Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird das Walzen im Ferritzustand des Warmbandes vollständig vermieden. Besonders geeignet für diese Abfolge der Walzschritte unter Ausschluß des Walzens im Ferritgebiet sind Bänder, welche basierend auf Fe-Si-Stählen hergestellt sind, die ein ausgeprägtes Zweiphasenmischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit beim Übergang vom Austenit ins Ferrit besitzen. Hierbei kann durch eine geeignete Wahl des Verhältnisses von Umformgrad und Umformgeschwindigkeit, d.h. Ausnutzung der bei der Umformung entstehenden Wärme, eine optimale Temperaturführung im Sinne der Vermeidung einer Abkühlung des Walzgutes und damit eine vollständige Umwandlung in Ferrit vermieden werden.An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the hot strip is finished rolled after forming in the austenite exclusively in the two-phase mixed area austenite / ferrite. In particular, in this variant of the invention, the total change in shape ε h achieved during rolling in the two-phase mixed region austenite / ferrite should amount to at least 50%. In this variant of the method according to the invention rolling in the ferrite state of the hot strip is completely avoided. Especially suitable for this sequence of rolling steps excluding rolling in the ferrite region are tapes made from Fe-Si steels which have a pronounced two-phase mixed region of austenite / ferrite in the transition from austenite to ferrite. This can be avoided by a suitable choice of the ratio of deformation and forming rate, ie utilization of the heat generated during the forming, an optimal temperature control in terms of avoiding cooling of the rolling stock and thus a complete conversion into ferrite.

Gemäß einer alternativen Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird im Anschluß an das Walzen im Zweiphasenmischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit mindestens ein Umformstich im Ferritgebiet durchgeführt. Dabei sollte die während des Walzens im Ferritgebiet erreichte Gesamtformänderung εh mindestens 10 % und höchstens 33 % betragen. Auch bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Walzen im Ferritgebiet auf ein Mindestmaß beschränkt, so daß der Schwerpunkt der Umformung trotz des abschließenden Walzens im Ferritgebiet unverändert im Mischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit liegt.According to an alternative variant of the method according to the invention, at least one forming pass in the ferrite region is carried out following the rolling in the two-phase mixed region austenite / ferrite. In this case, the total deformation ε h achieved during rolling in the ferrite region should be at least 10% and at most 33%. Also in this embodiment of the invention, the rolling in the ferrite is limited to a minimum, so that the center of gravity of the deformation is unchanged in the mixed area austenite / ferrite despite the final rolling in the ferrite.

Grundsätzlich eignet sich für die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens eine Haspeltemperatur von mindestens 700 °C. Bei Einhaltung dieser Haspeltemperatur kann eine Warmbandglühung ganz oder zumindest zum wesentlichen Teil eingespart werden. Das Warmband wird schon im Coil entfestigt, wobei die seine Eigenschaften bestimmenden Merkmale, wie Korngröße, Textur und Ausscheidungen, positiv beeinflußt werden. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es in diesem Zusammenhang, wenn das gehaspelte Warmband aus der Coilhitze einer direkten Glühung unterzogen wird und wenn die Glühzeit bei einer Glühtemperatur oberhalb 700 °C mindestens 15 Minuten beträgt. Eine solche "in-line" ausgeführte Glühung des bei hoher Temperatur aufgehaspelten, im Coil nicht wesentlich abgekühlten Warmbandes kann eine andernfalls unter Umständen erforderliche Warmbandhaubenglühung vollständig ersetzen. So lassen sich geglühte Warmbänder mit besonders guten magnetischen und technologischen Eigenschaften herstellen. Der dazu erforderliche Zeit- und Energieaufwand ist erheblich geringer als bei der herkömmlicherweise zur Verbesserung der Eigenschaften von Elektroblech durchgeführten Warmbandglühung.Basically suitable for carrying out the According to the invention a reel temperature of at least 700 ° C. In compliance with this Reel temperature can be a hot strip annealing whole or at least for the most part be saved. The Hot strip is already softened in the coil, with his Characteristics determining characteristics, such as grain size, Texture and excretions are positively affected. It is particularly advantageous in this context, when the coiled hot strip from the coil heat a is subjected to direct annealing and when the annealing time at an annealing temperature above 700 ° C at least 15 Minutes. Such an "in-line" running Annealing of the coiled at high temperature, in the coil not substantially cooled hot strip can a otherwise necessary Completely replace hot band bake annealing. Let it be Annealed hot strips with particularly good magnetic and technological properties produce. The required time and Energy expenditure is considerably lower than with the conventionally for improving the properties hot strip annealing performed by electrical steel.

Gemäß einer insbesondere für die Verarbeitung eines Stahls mit einem Si-Gehalt von mindestens 0,7 Gewichts-% besonders geeigneten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird das Warmband nach dem Walzen in der Fertigstaffel bei einer Haspeltemperatur von weniger als 600 °C, insbesondere weniger als 550 °C, gehaspelt. Das Haspeln bei diesen Temperaturen führt bei den betreffenden Legierungen zu einem verfestigten Warmbandzustand.According to a particular for the processing of a Steel with an Si content of at least 0.7% by weight particularly suitable embodiment of the invention the hot strip after rolling in the finishing scale at a reel temperature of less than 600 ° C, in particular less than 550 ° C, reeled. The reeling at these temperatures results in the concerned Alloys to a solidified hot strip state.

Vorzugsweise wird mindestens bei einem der letzten Umformstiche im Ferritgebiet mit Schmierung warmgewalzt. Durch das Warmwalzen mit Schmierung treten einerseits geringere Scherverformungen auf, so daß das gewalzte Band im Ergebnis eine homogenere Struktur über den Querschnitt erhält. Andererseits werden durch die Schmierung die Walzkräfte vermindert, so daß über dem jeweiligen Walzstich eine höhere Dickenabnahme möglich ist. Daher kann es, je nach den gewünschten Eigenschaften des zu erzeugenden Elektroblechs, vorteilhaft sein, wenn sämtliche im Ferritgebiet erfolgenden Umformstiche mit einer Walzschmierung durchgeführt werden.Preferably, at least one of the last Forming passes in the ferrite area with lubrication hot rolled. By hot rolling with lubrication occur on the one hand lower shear deformations, so that the rolled Band in the result a more homogeneous structure over the Cross section receives. On the other hand, by the Lubrication reduces the rolling forces, so that over the each rolling pass a higher reduction in thickness possible is. Therefore it can, depending on the desired Characteristics of the electric sheet to be produced, be advantageous if all in the ferrite occurring forming passes with a rolling lubrication be performed.

Unabhängig von der jeweils gewählten Abfolge der Walzschritte kann eine weitere Verbesserung der Eigenschaften des erzeugten Elektrobandes dadurch erreicht werden, daß das Warmband nach dem Haspeln und Abkühlen zusätzlich bei einer Glühtemperatur von mindestens 740 °C geglüht wird. Dieses Glühen kann im Haubenofen oder im Durchlaufofen durchgeführt werden.Insbesondere dann, wenn als Vormaterial gegossene Dünnbrammen oder gegossene Bänder eingesetzt werden, lassen sich Warmbänder erzeugen, deren Dicke ≤ 1,5 mm ist. Die Erzeugung von qualitativ besonders hochwertigen Bändern läßt sich in diesem Zusammenhang dadurch bewerkstelligen, daß das gegossene Vormaterial in einer Gießwalzanlage erzeugt worden ist und aus dieser kommend direkt in die Walzstraße geleitet wird.Regardless of the chosen sequence of Rolling steps can further improve the Characteristics of the produced electrical strip thereby be achieved that the hot strip after reeling and Cooling additionally at an annealing temperature of annealed at least 740 ° C. This glow can be in the Hood furnace or in a continuous furnace In particular, when cast as a starting material Thin slabs or cast strips are used, can produce hot strips whose thickness ≤ 1.5 mm is. The production of high quality Bands can be characterized in this context accomplish that the cast starting material in a Cast rolling mill has been produced and coming from this is passed directly into the rolling mill.

Erfindungsgemäß erzeugte Warmbänder weisen so gute Eigenschaften auf, daß sie sich für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungszwecken direkt als Elektrobleche einsetzen lassen, ohne daß es dazu eines nochmaligen Kaltwalzens bedarf, bei dem eine über ein Glätten oder Dressieren hinausgehende Kaltverformung vorgenommen wird. Daher besteht eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung darin, daß das Warmband konfektioniert und als Elektroblech ausgeliefert wird. Hot rolled strips produced according to the invention have such good properties Characteristics that they are suitable for a variety of Use applications directly as electrical sheets let, without the need for another cold rolling requires one about a smoothing or a passing going out cold deformation is made. Therefore there is a preferred embodiment of the invention in that the hot strip is made up and as Electrical sheet is delivered.

Zu beachten ist, daß in solchen Fällen, in denen direkt eingesetztes Vormaterial in erfindungsgemäßer Weise zu Warmband verarbeitet wird, besonders gute magnetische Eigenschaften erreicht werden, wenn das Warmwalzen im Mischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit beendet wird. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß insbesondere derart unter Meidung des Ferritgebietes warmgewalzte Warmbänder dazu geeignet sind, ohne eine weitere Verformung im Zuge eines Kaltwalzens an den Endverwender ausgeliefert zu werden.It should be noted that in such cases, where directly used starting material in accordance with the invention Hot strip is processed, especially good magnetic Properties can be achieved when hot rolling in Mixed austenite / ferrite is terminated. It has shown that in particular so under avoidance of the Ferritgebietes hot rolled hot strips suitable are without further deformation in the course of a Cold rolling to be delivered to the end user.

Desweiteren ist festgestellt worden, daß ein erforderlichenfalls gebeiztes, erfindungsgemäß erzeugtes Warmband sich für bestimmte Anwendungszwecke ohne jede abschließende Kaltverformung einsetzten läßt. Für spezielle Anforderungen, bei denen eine verbesserte Verarbeitbarkeit des erfindungsgemäß erzeugten und ohne ausgeprägtes Kaltwalzen ausgelieferten Elektrowarmbandes gefordert wird, kann dies dadurch erreicht werden, daß das gebeizte Warmband bei einem Umformgrad von ≤ 3 % glattgewalzt wird. Durch das Glättwalzen werden Unebenheiten der Bandoberfläche geglättet, ohne daß es zu einer nennenswerten Beeinflussung des im Zuge des Warmwalzens erzeugten Gefügezustands kommt.Furthermore, it has been found that a if necessary, pickled, produced according to the invention Hot strip for certain applications without any use final cold deformation. For special requirements, where improved Processability of the inventively generated and without pronounced cold rolling supplied electrical wristband is required, this can be achieved in that the pickled hot strip at a degree of deformation of ≤ 3% is smoothed. By the smoothing rolls are Unevenness of the strip surface smoothed without it to a significant influence of the in the course of the Hot rolling produced microstructure state comes.

Alternativ oder ergänzend zu einem reinen Glättstich der voranstehend erläuterten Art können neben der Oberflächenbeschaffenheit auch die magnetischen Eigenschaften des erfidungsgemäß Erzeugten warmgewalzten Bandes dadurch verbessert werden, daß das gebeizte Warmband bei einem Umformgrad von mehr als 3 bis höchstens 15 % dressiergewalzt wird. Auch dieses Nachwalzen führt zu keiner typischen Dickenreduzierung, die vergleichbar wären mit den beim typischen Kaltwalzen wegen der dabei erzielten hohen Umformgrade erzielten Veränderung der Banddicke. Vielmehr wird zusätzliche Verformungsenergie in das Band eingebracht, welche einen positiven Einfluß auf die spätere Verarbeitbarkeit des dressiergewalzten Bandes hat.Alternatively or in addition to a pure smoothing stitch above-explained type, in addition to the Surface texture also the magnetic Characteristics of the according to the invention produced hot-rolled Bandes be improved by the fact that the stained Hot strip at a degree of deformation of more than 3 to no more than 15% temper rolling. This too Reworking does not lead to typical thickness reduction, which would be comparable to the typical cold rolling achieved because of the achieved high degrees of deformation Change in strip thickness. Rather, additional Deformation energy introduced into the band, which a positive influence on the later processability of the Dressing rolled strip has.

Das erfindungsgemäß als Warmband ausgelieferte Elektroblech kann in der üblichen Weise vor seiner Konfektionierung und Auslieferung bei einer Glühtemperatur > 740 °C schlußgeglüht werden. Wird dagegen die Schlußglühung beim Verarbeiter durchgeführt, so kann ein nichtschlußgeglühtes Elektro-Warmband zur verfügung gestellt werden, indem das Warmband vor seiner Konfektionierung und Auslieferung bei Glühtemperaturen > 650 °C rekristallisierend zu einem nichtschlußgeglühten Elektroband geglüht wird.The invention delivered as a hot strip Electrical sheet can in the usual way before his Assembly and delivery at one Annealing temperature> 740 ° C final annealing. Becomes on the other hand, the final annealing was carried out at the processor, so can a non-annealed electric hot strip for be provided by the hot strip before his Assembly and delivery at annealing temperatures > 650 ° C recrystallizing to a non-annealed electrical steel is annealed.

Das auf erfindungsgemäße Weise hergestellte Warmband ist aufgrund seiner mechanischen Eigenschaften jedoch auch besonders dazu geeignet, in herkömmlicher Weise einoder mehrstufig auf eine Enddicke kaltgewalzt zu werden. Sofern das Kaltwalzen mehrstufig durchgeführt wird, sollte im Anschluß an mindestens eine der Kaltwalzstufen ein Zwischenglühen erfolgen, um die guten mechanischen Eigenschaften des Bandes beizubehalten.The hot strip produced in accordance with the invention is but also because of its mechanical properties particularly suitable, in a conventional manner einoder to be cold-rolled in several stages to a final thickness. If the cold rolling is carried out in several stages, should follow at least one of the cold rolling stages an intermediate annealing done to the good mechanical Maintain properties of the band.

Soll ein "fully-finished"-Elektroband hergestellt werden, so schließt sich an das Kaltwalzen ein Schlußglühen bei einer Glühtemperatur an, welche vorzugsweise > 740 °C ist.If a "fully-finished" -Ebandroband produced be, then joins the cold rolling Final annealing at an annealing temperature, which preferably> 740 ° C.

Soll dagegen ein "semi-finished"-Elektroband erzeugt werden, so schließt sich an das gegebenenfalls mehrstufig durchgeführte Kaltwalzen ein rekristallisierendes Glühen im Hauben- oder Durchlaufofen bei Temperaturen von mindestens 650 °C an. Im Anschluß daran wird das kaltgewalzte und geglühte Elektroband gerichtet und nachgewalzt.On the other hand, if a "semi-finished" -Electromagnetic band is generated be followed, if necessary multi-stage cold rolling recrystallizing glow in the hood or Continuous furnace at temperatures of at least 650 ° C on. Following this, the cold rolled and annealed Electric steel straightened and re-rolled.

Erfindungsgemäß hergestelltes, kaltgewalztes Elektroband ist hervorragend schneid- und stanzbar und eignet sich als solches besonders dazu, zu Bauelementen, wie Lamellen oder Ronden, verarbeitet zu werden. Im Falle der Verarbeitung eines "semi-finished"-Elektroblechs werden zweckmäßigerweise die aus diesem Elektroblech hergestellten Bauelemente beim Anwender schlußgeglüht.Cold-rolled electrical steel produced according to the invention is excellent cutting and punching and is suitable as such, especially to components such as Slats or blanks to be processed. In the event of the processing of a "semi-finished" sheet are expediently from this electrical sheet finished components at the user final annealing.

Unabhängig davon, ob ein "semi-" oder ein "fullyfinished" Elektroblech erzeugt wird, erfolgt gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung die Schlußglühung des kaltgewalzten Elektroblechs vorzugsweise in einer entkohlenden Atmosphäre.Regardless of whether a "semi-finished" or a "fullyfinished" Electrical sheet is produced, carried out according to a further embodiment of the invention, the final annealing of the cold-rolled electric sheet preferably in one decarburizing atmosphere.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention is based on Embodiments explained in more detail.

"J2500", "J5000" bzw. "J10000" bezeichnen im folgenden die magnetische Polarisation bei magnetischen Feldstärken von 2500 A/m, 5000 A/m bzw. 10000 A/m."J2500", "J5000" and "J10000" refer to the following the magnetic polarization at magnetic Field strengths of 2500 A / m, 5000 A / m or 10000 A / m.

Unter "P 1,0" bzw. "P 1,5" wird der Ummagnetisierungsverlust bei einer Polarisation von 1,0 T bzw. 1,5 T und einer Frequenz von 50 Hz verstanden.Under "P 1.0" or "P 1.5" is the Loss of magnetization at a polarization of 1.0 T or 1.5 T and a frequency of 50 Hz understood.

Die in den nachfolgenden Tabellen angegebenen magnetischen Eigenschaften sind jeweils an Einzelstreifen längs der Walzrichtung gemessen worden. The given in the following tables Magnetic properties are each on Individual strips have been measured along the rolling direction.

In Tabelle 1 sind für drei zur erfindungsgemäßen Herstellung von Elektroblech verwendete Stähle die Gehalte der wesentlichen Legierungsbestandteile in Gewichts-% angegeben. Stahl C Si Al Mn A 0,008 0,1 0,12 0,34 B 0,008 0,33 0,25 0,81 C 0,007 1,19 0,13 0,23 In Table 1, for three steels used in the manufacture of electrical steel according to the invention, the contents of the essential alloying components are given in% by weight. stole C Si al Mn A 0,008 0.1 0.12 0.34 B 0,008 0.33 0.25 0.81 C 0,007 1.19 0.13 0.23

Die aus den Stählen A, B bzw. C gegossenen Brammen sind als Vormaterial jeweils auf eine Temperatur von mehr als 1000 °C wiedererwärmt und in eine mehrere Walzgerüste umfassende Fertigwalzstaffel geleitet worden. In der Fertigwalzstaffel ist mindestens der erste Umformstich ausschließlich im Austenitgebiet durchgeführt worden.The slabs cast from steels A, B and C, respectively as starting material in each case to a temperature of more than Reheated to 1000 ° C and into a multiple rolling stands comprehensive finish rolling mill. In the Finishing roll is at least the first forming pass exclusively in Austenitic area.

In Tabelle 2 sind die magnetischen Eigenschaften J2500, J5000, J10000, P1,0 und P1,5 für zwei aus den Stählen A bzw. B erzeugten Elektrobleche B1, B2 angegeben. Die für die Herstellung der Elektrobleche B1, B2 bestimmten jeweiligen Warmbänder sind im Anschluß an das Walzen im Austenitgebiet bei einem Gesamtumformgrad εh von 66 % im Zweiphasenmischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit fertig gewalzt worden. Die gewalzten Warmbänder sind daraufhin bei einer Haspeltemperatur von 750 °C gehaspelt worden. Unmittelbar anschließend sind die gehaspelten Warmbänder abgekühlt und der Weiterverarbeitung zugeleitet worden. Blech J2500 [T] J5000 [T] J10000 [T] P1,0 [W/kg] P1,5 [W/kg] B1 1,739 1,813 1,9091 3,594 7,130 B2 1,724 1,802 1,896 3,002 5,959 Table 2 shows the magnetic properties J 2500 , J 5000 , J 10000 , P 1.0 and P 1.5 for two electrical sheets B1, B2 produced from steels A and B, respectively. The respective hot-rolled strips intended for the production of the electrical sheets B1, B2 have been rolled to completion in the austenitic area at a total degree of deformation ε h of 66% in the two-phase mixed area austenite / ferrite. The rolled hot strips were then rewound at a reel temperature of 750 ° C. Immediately thereafter, the coiled hot strips were cooled and fed to further processing. sheet J 2500 [T] J 5000 [T] J 10000 [T] P 1.0 [W / kg] P 1.5 [W / kg] B1 1,739 1,813 1.9091 3,594 7,130 B2 1,724 1,802 1,896 3,002 5,959

In Tabelle 3 sind die magnetischen Eigenschaften J2500, J5000, J10000, P1,0 und P1,5 für Elektrobleche B3, B4, B5 angegeben. Das Blech B3 ist unter Verwendung des Stahls A, das Blech B4 unter Verwendung des Stahls B und das Blech B5 unter Verwendung des Stahls C erzeugt worden. Die zur Herstellung der Elektrobleche B3, B4, B5 bestimmten Warmbänder sind ebenfalls nach der Umformung im Austenitgebiet ausschließlich im Zweiphasenmischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit umgeformt worden. Die dabei erreichte Gesamtumformung εh beim Walzen im Mischgebiet betrug 66 %. Anschließend sind die Warmbänder bei einer Temperatur von 750 °C gehaspelt worden. Im Unterschied zur Herstellung der Elektrobleche B1, B2 sind die für die Herstellung der Bleche B3, B4, B5 bestimmten Warmbänder dann jedoch für eine Zeit von mindestens 15 Minuten auf der Haspeltemperatur gehalten worden, bevor sie der Weiterverarbeitung zu Kaltband zugeführt worden sind. Blech J2500 [T] J5000 [T] J10000 [T] P1,0 [W/kg] P1,5 [W/kg] B3 1,755 1,828 1,920 3,258 6,522 B4 1,737 1,812 1,909 3,075 6,101 B5 1,689 1,765 1,859 2,596 5,304 Table 3 shows the magnetic properties J 2500 , J 5000 , J 10000 , P 1.0 and P 1.5 for electrical sheets B3, B4, B5. The sheet B3 has been produced using the steel A, the sheet B4 using the steel B and the sheet B5 using the steel C. The hot strips intended for the production of the electrical steel sheets B3, B4, B5 have also been converted exclusively in the austenite / ferrite two-phase mixed region after the transformation in the austenite region. The total conversion ε h achieved during rolling in the mixing area was 66%. Subsequently, the hot strips were rewound at a temperature of 750 ° C. In contrast to the production of the electrical steel sheets B1, B2, however, the hot strips destined for the production of the sheets B3, B4, B5 have then been kept at the reeling temperature for a time of at least 15 minutes before they have been fed to cold strip for further processing. sheet J 2500 [T] J 5000 [T] J 10000 [T] P 1.0 [W / kg] P 1.5 [W / kg] B3 1,755 1,828 1,920 3,258 6,522 B4 1,737 1,812 1,909 3,075 6,101 B5 1,689 1,765 1,859 2,596 5,304

In Tabelle 4 sind die magnetischen Eigenschaften J2500, J5000, J10000, P1,0 und P1,5 für Elektrobleche B6, B7, B8 angegeben, welche, in der angegebenen Reihenfolge, ebenfalls basierend auf den Stählen A, B bzw. C erzeugt worden sind. Die zur Herstellung der Elektrobleche B6, B7, B8 bestimmten Warmbänder sind nach der Umformung im Austenitgebiet im Zweiphasenmischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit umgeformt worden. Die dabei erreichte Gesamtumformung εh im Zweiphasenmischgebiet betrug 50 %. Anschließend hat das Warmband mehrere Umformstiche im Ferritgebiet durchlaufen. Die dabei erreichte Gesamtumformung εh im Ferritgebiet betrug weniger als 30 %. Das derart fertig gewalzte Warmband ist bei einer Temperatur von 750 °C gehaspelt worden. Unmittelbar anschließend ist das Warmband im Coil abgekühlt worden. Blech J2500 [T] J5000 [T] J10000 [T] P1,0 [W/kg] P1,5 [W/kg] B6 1,748 1,822 1,916 3,564 7,121 B7 1,721 1,797 1,893 2,935 5,868 B8 1,709 1,791 1,884 2,630 5,246 Table 4 shows the magnetic properties J 2500 , J 5000 , J 10000 , P 1.0 and P 1.5 for electrical sheets B6, B7, B8, which, in the order given, are also based on steels A, B and C have been generated. The hot strips intended for the production of the electric sheets B6, B7, B8 have been formed after the transformation in the austenite area in the two-phase mixed area austenite / ferrite. The total conversion ε h achieved in the two-phase mixed area was 50%. Subsequently, the hot-rolled strip has undergone several forming passes in the ferrite area. The total conversion ε h achieved in the ferrite region was less than 30%. The thus finished rolled hot strip was coiled at a temperature of 750 ° C. Immediately thereafter, the hot strip was cooled in the coil. sheet J 2500 [T] J 5000 [T] J 10000 [T] P 1.0 [W / kg] P 1.5 [W / kg] B6 1,748 1.822 1,916 3,564 7,121 B7 1,721 1,797 1,893 2,935 5,868 B8 1,709 1,791 1,884 2,630 5,246

In Tabelle 5 sind die magnetischen Eigenschaften J2500, J5000, J10000, P1,0 und P1,5 für Elektrobleche B9, B10, B11 angegeben. Das Blech B9 ist unter Verwendung des Stahls A, das Blech B10 unter Verwendung des Stahls B und das Blech B11 unter Verwendung des Stahls C erzeugt worden. Die zur Herstellung der Elektrobleche B9, B10, B11 bestimmten Warmbänder sind in der Fertigwalzstaffel denselben Umformungen unterzogen worden wie die zur Herstellung der Bleche B6, B7, B8 bestimmten Bänder. Das derart fertig gewalzte Warmband ist bei einer Temperatur von 750 °C gehaspelt worden. Im Unterschied zur Herstellung der Elektrobleche B6, B7, B8 sind die für die Herstellung der Bleche B9, B10, B11 bestimmten Warmbänder dann jedoch für eine Zeit von mindestens 15 Minuten auf der Haspeltemperatur gehalten worden, bevor sie der Weiterverarbeitung zu Kaltband zugeführt worden sind. Blech J2500 [T] J5000 [T] J10000 [T] P1,0 [W/kg] P1,5 [W/kg] B9 1,746 1,819 1,914 3,305 6,657 B10 1,731 1,805 1,901 2,909 5,811 B11 1,690 1,765 1,858 2,587 5,304 Table 5 shows the magnetic properties J 2500 , J 5000 , J 10000 , P 1.0 and P 1.5 for electrical sheets B9, B10, B11. The sheet B9 has been produced using the steel A, the sheet B10 using the steel B and the sheet B11 using the steel C. The hot strips intended for the production of the electrical steel sheets B9, B10, B11 have been subjected to the same transformations in the finishing roll scale as the strips intended for the production of the metal sheets B6, B7, B8. The thus finished rolled hot strip was coiled at a temperature of 750 ° C. In contrast to the production of the electrical steel sheets B6, B7, B8, however, the hot strips intended for the production of the sheets B9, B10, B11 have then been kept at the coiler temperature for a time of at least 15 minutes before they have been fed to cold strip for further processing. sheet J 2500 [T] J 5000 [T] J 10000 [T] P 1.0 [W / kg] P 1.5 [W / kg] B9 1,746 1,819 1,914 3,305 6,657 B10 1,731 1,805 1,901 2,909 5,811 B11 1,690 1,765 1,858 2,587 5,304

In Tabelle 6 sind die magnetischen Eigenschaften J2500, J5000, J10000, P1,0 und P1,5 für ein Elektroblech B12 angegeben, das basierend auf dem Stahl C erzeugt worden ist. Nach der Umformung im Austenitgebiet ist das zur Herstellung des Elektroblechs B12 bestimmte Warmband ausschließlich im Zweiphasenmischgebiet Austenit / Ferrit umgeformt worden. Die dabei erreichte Gesamtumformung εh im Zweiphasenmischgebiet betrug 66 %. Das fertig gewalzte Warmband ist dann bei einer Temperatur von weniger als 600 °C gehaspelt worden. Unmittelbar anschließend ist das Warmband im Coil abgekühlt worden. Blech J2500 [T] J5000 [T] J10000 [T] P1,0 [W/kg] P1,5 [W/kg] B12 1,724 1,800 1,894 2,577 5,105 In Table 6, the magnetic properties J 2500 , J 5000 , J 10000 , P 1.0 and P 1.5 are given for an electric sheet B12 produced based on the steel C. After forming in the austenite region, the hot strip intended for the production of the electrical steel sheet B12 was exclusively formed in the two-phase mixed region austenite / ferrite. The total conversion ε h achieved in the two-phase mixed region was 66%. The finished rolled hot strip was then coiled at a temperature of less than 600 ° C. Immediately thereafter, the hot strip was cooled in the coil. sheet J 2500 [T] J 5000 [T] J 10000 [T] P 1.0 [W / kg] P 1.5 [W / kg] B12 1,724 1,800 1,894 2,577 5,105

In Tabelle 7 sind für zwei andere zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäß erzeugten und daraufhin ohne ausgeprägtes Kaltwalzen konfektionierten und als Elektroblech ausgelieferten Warmbandes verwendeten Stähle die Gehalte der für die Eigenschaften wesentlichen Legierungsbestandteile in Gewichts-% angegeben. Stahl C Si Al Mn C 0,008 0,10 0,12 0,34 D 0,007 1,19 0,13 0,23 In Table 7, for two other steels used for producing a steel produced according to the invention and then fabricated without pronounced cold rolling and delivered as an electrical steel sheet, the contents of the alloy components essential for the properties are given in% by weight. stole C Si al Mn C 0,008 0.10 0.12 0.34 D 0,007 1.19 0.13 0.23

Entsprechend den in Tabelle 7 angegebenen Zusammensetzungen gebildete Schmelzen sind in einer Gießwalzanlage kontinuierlich zu jeweils einem Vorband gegossen worden, welches ebenso kontinuierlich in eine mehrere Walzgerüste umfassende Warmwalzstaffel geleitet worden ist. Beim Warmwalzen der entsprechend erzeugten Elektrobleche C1 - C3 und D1 - D3 ist der Schwerpunkt der Verformung jeweils in den Bereich gelegt worden, in dem das jeweilige Band sich im austenitischen Zustand befindet. Der letzte Stich des Warmwalzens ist jedoch erfindungsgemäß im Austenit / Ferrit-Mischgebiet durchgeführt worden. Die dabei erzielte Gesamtverformung εH betrug 40 %. Anschließend sind die Warmbänder jeweils bei einer Temperatur von 750 °C gehaspelt worden.Melting in accordance with the compositions given in Table 7 has been continuously cast in a continuous casting line to each sliver, which has also been continuously fed into a hot rolling mill comprising several stands. During hot rolling of the correspondingly produced electrical sheets C1-C3 and D1-D3, the center of gravity of the deformation has in each case been placed in the region in which the respective strip is in the austenitic state. However, the last pass of the hot rolling has been carried out according to the invention in the austenite / ferrite mixing area. The total deformation ε H achieved was 40%. Subsequently, the hot strips were each coiled at a temperature of 750 ° C.

In den Tabellen 8a - 8c sind die magnetischen Eigenschaften J2500, J5000, J10000, P1,0 und P1,5 für die jeweils drei aus den Stählen C bzw. D erzeugten Elektrobleche C1 - C3 bzw. D1 - D3 angegeben.Tables 8a-8c show the magnetic properties J 2500 , J 5000 , J 10000 , P 1.0 and P 1.5 for the three electrical sheets C1-C3 and D1-D3, respectively, produced from steels C and D, respectively ,

Im Fall der Beispiele C1, D1 (Tabelle 8a) sind die Warmbänder nach der Abkühlung direkt zu handelsüblichen Elektroblechen konfektioniert und an den Endverwender ausgeliefert worden. Im Fall der Beispiele C2, D2 (Tabelle 8b) sind die Warmbänder vor ihrer Auslieferung an den Endverwender gebeizt und zusätzlich einem Glättstich unterworfen worden. Bei diesem Glättstich ist eine Verformung εH von maximal 3 % erreicht worden. Die Bänder C3, D3 (Tabelle 8c) sind vor ihrer Auslieferung nach einem Beizen jeweils dressiergewalzt worden. Blech J2500 [T] J5000 [T] J10000 [T] P1,0 [W/kg] P1,5 [W/kg] C1 1,646 1,729 1,522 5,941 13,276 D1 1,642 1,716 1,548 4,095 9,647 Blech J2500 [T] J5000 [T] J10000 [T] P1,0 [W/kg] P1,5 [W/kg] C2 1,661 1,735 1,577 5,409 13,285 D2 1,621 1,699 1,535 3,716 8,776 Blech J2500 [T] J5000 [T] J10000 [T] P1,0 [W/kg] P1,5 [W/kg] C3 1,642 1,716 1,548 4,095 9,647 D3 1,608 1,686 1,529 3,023 7,447 In the case of Examples C1, D1 (Table 8a), the hot strips after cooling have been assembled directly into commercial electrical steel sheets and delivered to the end user. In the case of Examples C2, D2 (Table 8b), the hot strips were pickled before their delivery to the end user and additionally subjected to a smoothing pass. In this smoothing pass, a deformation ε H of at most 3% has been achieved. The strips C3, D3 (Table 8c) have each been subjected to temper rolling before pickling. sheet J 2500 [T] J 5000 [T] J 10000 [T] P 1.0 [W / kg] P 1.5 [W / kg] C1 1,646 1,729 1,522 5,941 13.276 D1 1,642 1,716 1,548 4,095 9,647 sheet J 2500 [T] J 5000 [T] J 10000 [T] P 1.0 [W / kg] P 1.5 [W / kg] C2 1,661 1,735 1,577 5.409 13.285 D2 1,621 1,699 1.535 3,716 8,776 sheet J 2500 [T] J 5000 [T] J 10000 [T] P 1.0 [W / kg] P 1.5 [W / kg] C3 1,642 1,716 1,548 4,095 9,647 D3 1,608 1,686 1,529 3,023 7,447

Es zeigt sich, daß auch die erfindungsgemäß als Warmbänder erzeugten und als solche ohne ein ausgeprägtes Kaltwalzen an den Endverbraucher gelieferten Elektrobleche C1 - C3 bzw. D1 - D3 hervorragende magnetische Eigenschaften besitzen, die sie ohne weiteres zur Verwendung für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungszwecken geeignet machen.It turns out that the invention as Produced hot strips and as such without a pronounced cold rolling to the end user supplied electrical sheets C1 - C3 or D1 - D3 possess excellent magnetic properties, the They are readily available for a variety of uses Make them suitable for application purposes.

Vergleichsuntersuchungen, die an 1 mm dicken, nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erzeugten Elektroblechen und Elektroblechen durchgeführt worden sind, die in konventioneller Weise warm- und kaltgewalzt worden sind, zeigen, daß die erzielbaren Werte der magnetischen Polaristaion und die erzielbaren Werte des spezifischen Ummagnetisierungsverlustes der erfindungsgemäß erzeugten Elektrobleche in engen Bereichen mit denjenigen Werten übereinstimmen, die für die betreffenden Eigenschaften an herkömmlich erzeugten Elektroblechen ermittelt werden konnten.Comparative studies, to 1 mm thick, after the According to the invention produced electric sheets and Electrical sheets have been carried out in conventionally hot and cold rolled, show that the recoverable values of the magnetic Polaristaion and the achievable values of the specific Loss of magnetization of inventively generated Electric sheets in narrow areas with those values match that for the properties in question be determined on conventionally produced electrical sheets could.

Claims (27)

  1. A method for producing non-grain-oriented magnetic steel sheet in which from an input stock such as cast slabs, strip, roughed strip or thin slabs produced from a steel comprising (in weight %)
    C: 0.001 - 0.05 %;
    Si: ≤ 1.5 %;
    Al: ≤ 0.4 %;
    with Si + 2Al ≤ 1.7 %;
    Mn: 0.1 - 1.2 %;
    if need be up to a total of 1.5 % of alloying additions such as P, Sn, Sb, Zr, V, Ti, N, Ni, Co, Nb and/or B, with the remainder being iron as well as the usual accompanying elements,
    a hot strip is produced in that the input stock, in several forming passes, is hot-rolled directly from the casting heat or after previous re-heating, to a reheat temperature of at least 1000 °C and at most 1180 °C, and subsequently coiled, wherein during hot-rolling at least the first forming pass takes place in the austenite region, and at least a further forming pass takes place in the two-phase mixed region austenite / ferrite, and wherein during rolling in the two-phase mixed region, a total deformation åh of at least 35 % is achieved.
  2. The method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the total deformation åh is at most 60 %.
  3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that
    the hot strip, after forming in the austenite region, is finish-rolled exclusively in the two-phase mixed region austenite / ferrite.
  4. The method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the total deformation
    Figure 00280001
    achieved during rolling in the two-phase mixed region austenite / ferrite, is at least 50 %.
  5. The method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    following rolling in the two-phase mixed region austenite / ferrite, at least one forming pass is carried out in the ferrite region.
  6. The method according to claim 5,
    characterised in that
    the total deformation achieved during rolling in the ferrite region is at least 10 % and at most 33 %.
  7. The method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the coiling temperature is at least 700 °C.
  8. The method according to claim 7,
    characterised in that
    the coiled hot strip from the coil heat is subjected to direct annealing and in that the annealing time at an annealing temperature above 700 °C is at least 15 minutes.
  9. The method according to claim 6,
    characterised in that
    the Si content of the steel is at least 0.7 weight %.
  10. The method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the coil temperature is below 600 °C, in particular below 550 °C.
  11. The method according to claim 9 or 10,
    characterised in that immediately after coiling, the hot strip is cooled in the coil at an accelerated rate.
  12. The method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    during hot rolling in the ferrite region, at least one forming pass is carried out with lubrication.
  13. The method according to claim 12,
    characterised in that
    all forming passes in the ferrite region are carried out with roll lubrication.
  14. The method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    after coiling, the hot strip is annealed at an annealing temperature of at least 740 °C.
  15. The method according to claim 14,
    characterised in that
    annealing of the coiled hot strip takes place in a hood-type furnace.
  16. The method according to claim 14,
    characterised in that
    annealing takes place in a continuous furnace.
  17. The method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the hot strip is = 1.5 mm in thickness.
  18. The method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the hot strip is finished and shipped as magnetic steel sheet.
  19. The method according to claim 18,
    characterised in that
    prior to finishing and shipping, the hot strip is flattened at a degree of forming of = 3 %.
  20. The method according to claim 18,
    characterised in that
    prior to finishing and shipping, the hot strip is skin pass rolled at a degree of forming of > 3 -15 %.
  21. The method according to one of claims 18 to 20,
    characterised in that
    prior to finishing and shipping, the hot strip is final annealed at an annealing temperature of > 740 °C.
  22. The method according to one of claims 18 to 20,
    characterised in that
    prior to finishing and shipping, the hot strip is subjected to recrystallising annealing at an annealing temperature of > 650 °C to form a non-final-annealed magnetic steel strip.
  23. The method according to one of claims 1 to 16,
    characterised in that
    the hot strip is cold rolled in one or several stages to its final thickness.
  24. The method according to claim 23,
    characterised in that
    cold rolling is carried out in several stages, and in that
    intermediate annealing takes place following at least one of the cold-rolling stages.
  25. The method according to one of claims 23 or 24,
    characterised in that
    following cold rolling, the cold strip is subjected to final annealing at an annealing temperature > 740 °C.
  26. The method according to one of claims 23 or 24,
    characterised in that
    following cold rolling, the cold strip is subjected to recrystallising annealing, in a hood-type furnace or a continuous furnace, to a non-final annealed magnetic steel strip at an annealing temperature > 650 °C, and is subsequently levelled and re-rolled.
  27. The method according to one of claims 21, 22, 25 or 26,
    characterised in that
    annealing takes place in a decarburising atmosphere.
EP00918861A 1999-07-05 2000-04-07 Method for producing non-grain oriented electric sheet steel Expired - Lifetime EP1192287B1 (en)

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DE19930519A DE19930519C1 (en) 1999-07-05 1999-07-05 Non-textured electrical steel sheet, useful for cores in rotary electrical machines such as motors and generators, is produced by multi-pass hot rolling mainly in the two-phase austenite-ferrite region
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WO2001002610A1 (en) 2001-01-11
DE19930519C1 (en) 2000-09-14
EP1192287A1 (en) 2002-04-03
PL194908B1 (en) 2007-07-31
JP2009149993A (en) 2009-07-09
JP5529418B2 (en) 2014-06-25
KR100707503B1 (en) 2007-04-16
PL353181A1 (en) 2003-11-03
BR0012227A (en) 2002-04-02
ES2189751T3 (en) 2003-07-16
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AU3965500A (en) 2001-01-22
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