EP1188489B1 - Siebvorrichtung für Biomasse - Google Patents

Siebvorrichtung für Biomasse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1188489B1
EP1188489B1 EP01116909A EP01116909A EP1188489B1 EP 1188489 B1 EP1188489 B1 EP 1188489B1 EP 01116909 A EP01116909 A EP 01116909A EP 01116909 A EP01116909 A EP 01116909A EP 1188489 B1 EP1188489 B1 EP 1188489B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sieving
section
ports
air
construction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01116909A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1188489A3 (de
EP1188489A2 (de
Inventor
Renzo Greghi
Fausto Chiesa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ionics Italba SpA
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Ionics Italba SpA
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Publication date
Application filed by Ionics Italba SpA filed Critical Ionics Italba SpA
Publication of EP1188489A2 publication Critical patent/EP1188489A2/de
Publication of EP1188489A3 publication Critical patent/EP1188489A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1188489B1 publication Critical patent/EP1188489B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/12—Apparatus having only parallel elements
    • B07B1/14—Roller screens
    • B07B1/15—Roller screens using corrugated, grooved or ribbed rollers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sieving apparatus for separating three fractions: a compost, a lignocellulosic material and a plastics material, deriving from a stabilizing process in which biomasses coming from a differentiated collection or other collections in general are stabilized.
  • the at present adopted solutions for separating the three fractions: compost material, lignocellulosic material and plastics material, provide to use two different apparatus, arranged in a series relationship, i.e. one after the other, for performing the therein below disclosed operations.
  • the first apparatus separates only the compost material or fraction from the material portion including the lignocellulosic and plastics materials.
  • the second apparatus processes the remaining waste and separates the lignocellulosic material fraction from the plastic material fraction.
  • the first apparatus conventionally consists of a sieving assembly, the sieving device of which comprises a rotary cylinder.
  • a conveyor belt continuously supplies the material to be sieved into the cylinder which is divided into two sections: a central sieving section and two side supporting and rolling sections, arranged at the end portions of the sieving section.
  • the cylinder is provided, at the sieving section, with ports therethrough the compost fraction is caused to pass.
  • the lignocellulosic and plastics fractions do not pass through the mentioned ports and are supplied to the second apparatus to be subjected to a further separation.
  • the second apparatus is an air controlled separator, the sieving device of which comprises a separating chamber in which one or more fans, or one or more sucking devices, provide an upwardly directed air stream.
  • the plastics materials are separated by the lignocellulosic fraction because of a weight difference.
  • the separated lignocellulosic fraction will deposit on an ejector belt, removing said separated lignocellulosic fraction from said processing chamber to the outside.
  • the main difficult depends on the non homogeneous nature of the material to be processed.
  • the material depending on the fact that it is derived from the biomass stabilizing process or not, has very different material features, such as moisture content, particle size and composition rates.
  • the first is that the operation of the apparatus must be stopped during the disassembling and replacing steps in which the sieving cylinder is disassembled and replaced.
  • the second drawback is that it is necessary to use very large amount of air which are necessary from separating the plastics fraction from the lignocellulosic fraction, which negatively affects the outside environment because of the large mass of power driven by the circulating air.
  • the third drawback is an immediate consequence of the preceding one, which requires the provision of a decanting chamber downstream of the air controlled separator, i.e. a calming chamber, inside of which the plastics fraction, separated from the lignocellulosic fraction, deposits and can be accordingly removed.
  • the document EPO 635 313 discloses a sieving apparatus substantially according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide the ecological and waste managing field with a sieving apparatus for separating the three fractions: compost, lignocellulosic and plastics materials, deriving from a biomass stabilizing process, in which biomasses coming from a differentiated collection or other collections in general are stabilized.
  • a main object of the present invention is to provide a waste processing technology, adapted to provided a quicker and easier adjustment of the intervening elements, to greatly reduce dead times.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide such an apparatus having a high sieving or sorting efficiency, without the requirement of using high amounts of air, which would negatively affect the outside environment.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to reduce to a minimum the system and operating costs, included that associated with the power consume, with respect to the present technology methods.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to optimize the mechanical construction of the apparatus, to provide a very simple construction and a very high operating reliability.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide such a sieving apparatus for separating or sorting the three fractions: compost, lignocellulosic and plastics materials, deriving from a stabilizing process carried out on biomasses coming from a differentiated collection or other collections, which is very competitive from a mere economic standpoint.
  • the sieving machine for separating the three fractions: compost, lignocellulosic and plastics materials deriving from a process for stabilizing biomasses coming from a differentiated collection or other collections, according to the present invention, and being generally indicated by the reference number 1, comprises a fixed construction 2, a supporting framework 3, which can be differently inclined by hydraulic cylinder 4, driven by an hydraulic central unit 5, a first sieving section 6, a second sieving section 7, and conveyor belts 11, 12, 13.
  • the apparatus construction 2 is made of a strong sheet metal material, with bolted cross elements.
  • the sieving construction is made of a strong sheet metal material with cross elements bolted to the sidewalls, whereas the shafts, indicated by the reference number 8, bear, keyed thereon, a plurality of discs, indicated by the reference number 9, which form the sieving plane.
  • said shafts 8 are supported by bearings, generally indicated by the reference number 10, and are suitably housed or engaged in seats provided for their rotary movement, and which are rigidly coupled to the sieving construction: said sections being indicated by the reference numbers 6 and 7.
  • the adjustment of the operating speed can be carried out in a continuous manner by the operator, with the apparatus being in operation.
  • the rotary speed of the discs 9 also affects the time in which the material to be sorted is held in the sieving section and, accordingly, constitutes a parameter which directly determines the sieving efficiency of the apparatus.
  • Another technical approach used in designing the three-phase apparatus in order to make it very flexible and allow to fit said apparatus to different conditions and characteristics of the materials to be sieved such as the moisture content, particle size and partial compost, plastics and lignocellulosic material fractions is the selection of a sieving plane or surface, formed by the sieving discs 9, which can be tilted or adjusted in its inclination, since it bears on the supporting framework 3, the orientation of which can be easily adjusted by the hydraulic cylinders 4 and the hydraulic pressure system under the control of the control center unit 5.
  • the adjustment of the inclination is also continuous and can be performed during the operation of the apparatus by controls sent by the operator.
  • the first sieving section 6 separates the waste materials into two fractions: the fraction called sub-sieved material, including the compost material, passing through the sieving ports, and the fraction called over-sieved material, comprising the lignocellulosic and plastics materials, which does not pass through the sieving ports.
  • the second sieving section 7 operates likewise the first sieving section 6, but with sieving ports the size of which are much greater and allow to process the over-sieved material and separate the plastics material fraction from the lignocellulosic material fraction.
  • This air is delivered according to a specifically designed pattern inside the sieving ports, to prevent the plastics fraction or material from passing through said ports.
  • the two sieving sections comprising the sieving assembly, the first of which is indicated by the reference number 6 and the second of which is indicated by the reference number 7, are arranged with a series relationship, one after the other, and are provided with differentiated passage ports, each driven by a dedicated driving motor.
  • the section 7, moreover, is very different from the sieving section 6, since said sieving section 7 comprises an air distributing system, for distributing air through the shafts 8.
  • the operating principle of this apparatus is based on a dynamic and simultaneously raising and entraining action, to which is subjected the material supplied to the apparatus.
  • the action provided on the material by the sieving discs 9, which are rotatively driven, is essentially that of a continuously remixing causing said material to be vibrated as it is pushed toward the outlet.
  • This action moreover, provides a force driving said material upward and then causing said material to fall again on the sliding plane formed by the discs 9; thus, the fine particle size material, i.e. the compost, is forced to pass through the opening ports provided between a disc and another disc of the sieving section 6, to cause said material to be collected on the underlaying belt 11.
  • the belt 11 underlaying the plane defined by the sieving discs 9 is specifically provided for collecting and conveying to the outside the compost fraction.
  • the average particle size material i.e. the lignocellulosic fraction
  • the average particle size material is forced to pass through the opening ports provided between a disc and another disc of the sieving section 7 to be collected on the underlaying dedicated conveyor belt, generally indicated by the reference number 12.
  • the greater size material of the sieving disc port of the sieving section 7, i.e. the plastics fraction or other unesired bodies, is frontward driven in the direction of the outlet and is conveyed on the dedicated underlaying conveyor belt, generally indicated by the reference number 13.
  • the above disclosed process continues to cause all the materials to pass through the sieving ports or to be discharged at the end of said sieving plane.
  • the air supplied into the sieving section 7 operates to prevent bidimensional bodies, such as plastics material bodies, having a less cross-section, from passing through the sieving ports.
  • each shaft 8 The air is conveyed inside each shaft 8, by using a conveying lance, generally indicated by the reference number 14, the delivery sector 15 of which is upward facing.
  • the air distribution or delivering section 16 is defined depending' on the designing parameters, to assure that the air flow is even and upward directed to provide a upward directed air stream sufficient to prevent said plastics material from passing through said sieving ports.
  • the rotary elements that is shafts 8 and discs 9 are driven by driving means, generally indicated by the reference number 17 for the sieving section 6 and by the reference number 18 for the sieving section 7.
  • the air distributing section is supplied by a ventilating unit, generally indicated by the reference number 19, controlling the necessary air amount.
  • the air being supplied into the individual lances 14 can be modified by operating with the device, generally indicated by the reference number 20 provided for each of said air lances.
  • a RPM changing device 20 is provided, to optimize the operating speed depending on the waste materials being processed.
  • the electric panel for controlling and driving the electric motors which panel has been generally indicated by the reference number 19, comprises, in addition to the driving units 20 thereinabove mentioned, a programmable logic control unit, of a so-called PLC type.
  • the latter is adapted, based on set parameters corresponding to several operating formulations, to supply, at the output thereof, control signals for operating said motors 17, 18 by rotary frequency changers 20 and for changing the inclination of the apparatus by the central unit 5.
  • the present invention provides very important advantages: a fine control, owing to the control system included in the apparatus, of the optimum operating speed, the sufficient air amount, to optimize the sieving result, as well as the inclination of the sieving sections.
  • This fine adjustment depends on the time during which the waste material is held in the sieving operation.
  • the apparatus can be continuously operated during the cylinder changes depending on the material type, and the dead times are drastically reduced, as due to cloggings of the fans of the suction devices because of plastics materials to be processed and were due to the sucked powder.
  • the used materials, the constructional details as well as the contingent size and shapes can be any depending on requirements.

Claims (9)

  1. Siebvorrichtung zum Trennen von drei Anteilen, und zwar einem Kompostanteil, einem Lignocelluloseanteil und einem Kunststoffanteil, die sich aus einem Prozess zur Stabilisierung von Biomassen herleiten, welche aus einer Sammlung mit Stofftrennung oder einer sonstigen Sammlung im allgemeinen stammen, wobei die Vorrichtung folgendes umfasst: eine feste Konstruktion (2), einen Tragrahmen (3), der auf der festen Konstruktion (2) angebracht ist, wobei der Rahmen mittels Hydraulikzylindern (4) unterschiedlich geneigt werden kann, wobei die Hydraulikzylinder (4) durch eine zentrale Hydrauliksteuereinheit (5) gesteuert werden und ihrerseits einen ersten Siebabschnitt (6) und einen zweiten Siebabschnitt (7) stützen, wobei auf diesen Siebabschnitten parallele Wellen (8) befestigt sind, die mehrere Scheibenelemente (9) stützen, wobei die Vorrichtung des weiteren Sammel- und Transportbänder (11, 12 und 13) umfasst,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der zweite Siebabschnitt (7) sichtbare Siebports umfasst, die größer sind als jene des ersten Siebabschnitts (6), und dass die Trennung in diesem Abschnitt durch Luft unterstützt wird, die in kleiner Menge durch eine Luftzumesseinheit (19) zugeführt und mit einem bestimmten Verteilungsmuster durch die Wellen (8) in Richtung der Innenseite der Ports verteilt wird.
  2. Siebvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Konstruktion (2) aus starkem Blech mit verschraubten Querelementen besteht.
  3. Siebvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Siebkonstruktion aus starkem Blech mit Querelementen besteht, welche mit den Seitenwänden verschraubt sind, und des weiteren durch eine Sieb-Ebene gekennzeichnet, welche den Siebabschnitt (6) und den Siebabschnitt (7) mit mehreren Siebports umfasst, deren Größe von der Drehgeschwindigkeit der Scheibenelemente (9) abhängt, welche fest von den Wellen (8) getragen werden.
  4. Siebvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wellen (8) von Lagern (10) getragen werden, welche sich in Sitzen befinden, die so beschaffen sind, dass die Lager sich drehen können, und starr mit der Siebkonstruktion verbunden sind.
  5. Siebvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die durch die Scheibenelemente (9) gebildete Sieb-Ebene geneigt oder in ihrer Neigung verstellt werden kann, da sie von dem Tragrahmen (3) getragen wird, dessen Lage durch den Hydraulikzylinder (4) und ein verstellbares Hydraulikdrucksystem eingestellt wird, welches kontinuierlich durch die zentrale Steuereinheit (5) verstellt werden kann.
  6. Siebvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sieb-Ebene den ersten Siebabschnitt (6) und den zweiten Siebabschnitt (7) umfasst und des weiteren mehrere der sichtbaren Siebports enthält, deren Größe nicht nur von der Drehgeschwindigkeit der Scheibenelemente (9) abhängt, sondern auch von der Neigung der Sieb-Ebene, die durch den Tragrahmen (3) gesteuert wird.
  7. Siebvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luft im Inneren jeder Welle (8) durch eine Lanze (14) transportiert wird, die einen nach oben gerichteten Verteilungsabschnitt (15) mit einem Verteilungsabschnitt (16) aufweist, um einen aufwärts gerichteten Luftstrom bereitzustellen.
  8. Siebvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sammel- und Transportbänder (11 und 12) unter der Sieb-Ebene bzw. unter den Siebabschnitten (6 und 7) angeordnet sind, welche in Reihe hintereinander angeordnet sind und mit unterschiedlichen Passierports versehen sind, wobei jeder der Siebabschnitte durch einen eigenen Motor und Antriebsmittel (17 und 18) angetrieben wird.
  9. Siebvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antriebsmittel (17 und 18) durch einen Elektromotor betätigt werden und eine Vorrichtung (20) zum Verändern der Drehzahl umfassen, wobei diese Vorrichtung (20) über ein elektronisches Steuerpult (19) gesteuert werden kann, welches eine programmierbare Logiksteuerung von einem PLC-Typ enthält.
EP01116909A 2000-09-13 2001-07-11 Siebvorrichtung für Biomasse Expired - Lifetime EP1188489B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI001996 2000-09-13
IT2000MI001996A IT1318853B1 (it) 2000-09-13 2000-09-13 Macchina di vagliatura particolarmente studiata per la separazione difrazioni derivanti dalla stabilizzazione di biomasse provenienti dalla

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1188489A2 EP1188489A2 (de) 2002-03-20
EP1188489A3 EP1188489A3 (de) 2002-06-26
EP1188489B1 true EP1188489B1 (de) 2004-04-07

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01116909A Expired - Lifetime EP1188489B1 (de) 2000-09-13 2001-07-11 Siebvorrichtung für Biomasse

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EP (1) EP1188489B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE263636T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60102636D1 (de)
IT (1) IT1318853B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2329891A1 (de) * 2009-12-05 2011-06-08 Martin Hirschauer Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Trennen von Material, insbesondere Grüngut, sowie Verwendung hierfür

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20012570A1 (it) * 2001-12-05 2003-06-05 Renzo Greghi Macchina di vagliatura per il trattamento di frazioni derivanti da processi di lavorazione in genere
US6848583B2 (en) * 2002-11-27 2005-02-01 Varco I/P, Inc. Drilling fluid treatment
CN109954666A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2019-07-02 广州铭圣环保科技有限公司 全自动餐具分类装置
CN108435578A (zh) * 2018-03-20 2018-08-24 新乡市领先轻工机械有限公司 一种脱梗机上的滚轮结构

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5480034A (en) * 1993-06-22 1996-01-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Miike Tekkosho Screening machine
ATE219393T1 (de) * 1996-09-27 2002-07-15 Machf Boa B V Vorrichtung und scheibe zum trennen von stoffen
DE19851361A1 (de) * 1998-11-08 2000-05-25 Eurec Technology Gmbh Entsorgu Verfahren zur Verrottung von Haus-, Gewerbe- und Sperrmüll
US6250478B1 (en) * 1999-02-08 2001-06-26 C P Manufacturing Inc. Stepped disc screens of unequal inclination angles for conveying and grading recycling materials

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2329891A1 (de) * 2009-12-05 2011-06-08 Martin Hirschauer Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Trennen von Material, insbesondere Grüngut, sowie Verwendung hierfür

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI20001996A0 (it) 2000-09-13
DE60102636D1 (de) 2004-05-13
EP1188489A3 (de) 2002-06-26
IT1318853B1 (it) 2003-09-10
ITMI20001996A1 (it) 2002-03-13
EP1188489A2 (de) 2002-03-20
ATE263636T1 (de) 2004-04-15

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