EP1188032B1 - Bullet with an internally carried sub-projectile - Google Patents

Bullet with an internally carried sub-projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1188032B1
EP1188032B1 EP00951601A EP00951601A EP1188032B1 EP 1188032 B1 EP1188032 B1 EP 1188032B1 EP 00951601 A EP00951601 A EP 00951601A EP 00951601 A EP00951601 A EP 00951601A EP 1188032 B1 EP1188032 B1 EP 1188032B1
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Prior art keywords
bullet
internal core
ammunition according
internal
ammunition
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1188032A1 (en
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Jean-Claude Sauvestre
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/34Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to ammunition for weapons small, medium and large calibers, and more particularly a new type of arrow bullet, especially for hunting weapons, with improved efficiency, mainly on soft target.
  • Bullet ammunition has a sub-projectile (arrow) stabilized by tail, associated with a sabot (or launcher) to the caliber of the weapon, the assembly is found in a cartridge closed by crimping, comprising another primed socket and a propellant charge. of the ammunition of this type are described for example in the patent FR-A-2555728.
  • the present invention relates to bullet ammunition arrow and relates more particularly to the sub-projectile, also called arrow. It is desirable that the arrow is deforms on impact on the target, but this deformation must be controlled and must not result in dislocation too large in several small arrow fragments dimensions that could prove dangerous.
  • the subject of the invention is a device which allows to obtain a controlled deformation of the boom during the impact on the soft parts of a target, while ensuring sufficient rigidity and cohesion of the boom body to avoid the formation of multiple fragments and ensure the destruction of the hard parts of said target.
  • the device of the invention is essentially consisting of a bullet of the caliber of the weapon or under-calibrated, comprising a profiled front part, a part central, and a rear part which can carry a tail, comprising, arranged along its axis, an internal arrow of greater rigidity than the body of the ball.
  • the device of the invention is consisting of a projectile of the caliber of the weapon, or a sub-projectile intended to be used in combination with a launcher to the caliber of the weapon, comprising a cylindrical insert greater rigidity than the rest of the body projectile or sub-projectile, placed along its axis and extending at least near the front face of the projectile or sub-projectile.
  • the ball following the present invention comprises a profiled front part, a central part and a rear part which can carry a tail, and the internal boom preferably has a length as it extends over the front part and the part center of the ball.
  • the bullet is entirely crossed by the internal arrow which extends from the rear part to the front part of the ball, and the rear part of the internal arrow can to support the stabilizer, in the case of a ball stabilized by empennage.
  • This internal arrow, or insert constitutes a “arrow internal scope "because it is inserted into the ball and worn by she.
  • arrow internal scope because it is inserted into the ball and worn by she.
  • internal arrow for simplification it can be called “internal arrow”, but must be distinguished from the arrow constituting the sub-projectile of undersized arrowheads stabilized by tailplane known technique.
  • the arrow internal is housed in an axial hole open on the front of the bullet, and the front face of the internal arrow is placed in withdrawal from the front of the front part of the ball.
  • the internal boom can be overflowing, that is, its front end protrudes out of the hole axial, and may even in some cases be forward by compared to the front of the ball.
  • Such a provision can be particularly advantageous in the case of bullets stabilized by empennage.
  • the internal boom can be made in a single element or in several consecutive elements arranged so contiguous on the same axis. It can be beneficial, for example, to provide an internal arrow in two elements.
  • the internal boom can be of the type with controlled fragmentation and include elements dispersing on impact, for example balls of diameter substantially equal to that of the internal boom. This embodiment makes it possible to obtain fragments calibrated on impact, and thus improve power lethal ammunition by creating secondary injuries.
  • the internal boom, or insert can be made by example in steel, copper, brass or aluminum alloy with high mechanical resistance.
  • the body of the bullet may for example be made of copper or brass containing 5 to 40% zinc, or an alloy metallic with the desired mechanical qualities, for example example in aluminum or lead alloy.
  • the technique of the invention presents the advantage of allowing to totally or partially replace lead by another metal or an alloy deemed not to pollutant.
  • the fin may be made of metal or of polymer formed by plastics on the metal body of the sub-projectile, and it may include stabilizing fins.
  • the internal arrow and the bullet body are formed in a same base material, for example copper or brass.
  • the stiffness of the internal boom is reinforced by means known to be greater than that of the bullet body. The making of the boom internal can then be performed at the same time as that of the ball, from the same material.
  • the internal carried arrow, or insert generally has the shape of a rod of revolution with constant section, increasing or decreasing, coaxial with the projectile, as shown in the attached figures. He can be advantageous to provide ribs on the cylindrical surface in order to improve the fixation of the insert in the body of the ball. They can be annular or helical ribs, or, preferably, longitudinal ribs, 2 in number to 6 over part or all of the length of the cylinder, symmetrically with respect to the axis. Moreover, the longitudinal ribs can be used to form fracture primers on the front of the bullet during the establishment of the cylindrical insert by introduction into force in the previously drilled hole along the axis of the ball.
  • the internal arrow carried previously placed in the axis of the draft of the ball, will print its longitudinal ribs in the material of the body pushed back by means of a press and will thus create the initiations of desired ruptures.
  • primers of rupture by cooperating with the arrow internal, favor the deformation of the head of the ball during the impact by "petalization” or “mushrooming” in as many elements as ribs, around the arrow central internal which retains its general shape and serves as structure ensuring the cohesion of the whole. They can be combined in combination with circular grooves or longitudinal performed around the edge of the ball, preferably in the area to "mushroom", that is to say the area whose controlled deformation is caused.
  • two inserts can be provided or internal boom elements, arranged along the axis of the projectile, one behind the other in the hole drilled in the sub-projectile or in the body of the bullet.
  • the ball may be of the type gyroscopic stabilization or by stabilization.
  • the gyro-stabilized ball is used in a rifle with a barrel, such so that the barrel scratch, cooperating with a tenon integral with the ball, gives it a movement of rotation along its axis.
  • the balls stabilized by empennage can be used in smooth-barreled weapons.
  • the caliber bullet has at its rear part a neck constriction (1), at its part central body (2) on which grooves are practiced circular (3), at its front part a warhead (4) the assembly being partially inserted in a primed and charged case not shown.
  • a hole (5) is drilled in the front face of the warhead (4) along the axis of the ball and contains the internal arrow bearing surface (6) provided on its surface with several ribs longitudinal (7).
  • a conical entry (9) facilitates the initiation of "mushrooming".
  • Fig. 2 shows the position of 4 ribs (7) in surface of the internal boom carried (6) symmetrically by relative to the axis and uniformly distributed around the periphery of said arrow.
  • the edges of these ribs (7) are supported against the inner wall of the hole (5). They present the advantage of causing the initiation of rupture primers in the thickness of the warhead (4) around the periphery of the hole (5) during the positioning of the internal boom, inserted in force in the hole (5) during manufacturing.
  • the warhead (4) may have one or more grooves circular (8) which can facilitate speed and ability to the winding of the petals (10) as specified by the figures 3 and 4 in order to better manage the deformation on impact and during the achievement.
  • the sub-calibrated bullet (11) is equipped with a tail (12) at its rear, and is wrapped in a launch shoe (13) shown in lines dotted, the assembly being in a primed socket and charged not shown.
  • a hole (14) is drilled in the front face of the ball (11), along its axis, and contains two internal arrows spans mounted in tandem as shown in Figure 5.
  • the internal rear reach boom (15) has a groove helical (17) in conjunction with the partial thread of the hole (14).
  • the internal boom carried before (16) coming pressing on the internal rear reach boom (15) is provided on its surface several ribs (18).
  • the ribs on the surface of the internal boom (16) can be three in number, arranged symmetrically by relation to the axis. The edges of these ribs are supported against the inner wall of the hole (14).
  • the helical groove (17) is formed on the surface of the internal boom carried rear (15).
  • the front face (19) of the sub-calibrated bullet (11) may have an appropriate shape, cooperating with the insert metal to control deformation on impact.
  • This frontal annular zone (19) may for example have one of the shapes shown in Figures 5a to 5h of the French patent 2599828.
  • An illustration of the result obtained with the shooting is specified in Figs. 6 and 7.
  • the internal arrow carried is produced in overflowing form, as shown in Figure 8 showing the internal arrow whose front end protrudes beyond from the front of the ball.
  • the internal boom (20) comprises a head (21) of frustoconical shape, the small base being forward.
  • the two parts (20) and (21) of the internal boom may well intended to constitute a single homogeneous part.
  • a space separates the face front (22) of the ball and the edge of the head (21) of the internal arrow, to facilitate the deformation of the ball at impact on the target.
  • the internal arrow includes a front boom element (23) associated with balls (24).
  • the rear element consists of several balls (24) metallic.
  • the diameter of the balls is appreciably equal to that of the internal arrow, so that the balls are held in place in the axial hole (5) by the front element (23).
  • the deformation of the ball head is close to that shown in Figure 3, and has the effect of causing separation of the front element (23) of the internal boom and the release of the balls (24).
  • Figure 10 shows a gyro-stabilized ball caliber of the weapon, similar to that of Figure 1, comprising a base (1), a body (2) provided with circular grooves (3) and a profiled front part (4), the assembly being traversed right through by a hole (25) in which is placed an internal boom comprising a rear element (26) and a front member (27).
  • the rear member (26) of the boom has a thread (28) cooperating with the thread (29) formed on the surface internal hole (25). This arrangement allows to fix securely the rear member (26) in the body of the ball. On the contrary, the front element (27) of the internal arrow is forcefully inserted into the front part of the hole (25).
  • the invention can be applied to bullet ammunition arrow for hunting weapons of all calibers, with smooth barrel or scratched.

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Abstract

The invention relates to ammunitions for weapons of all calibers. The inventive ammunition includes a bullet which has the same caliber as the weapon or which is under calibrated, comprising a center part (2) and a rear part (1) which can carry a fin (12). The bullet has a hole (5) which is drilled in the front surface of the forebody (4) in accordance with the axis of the bullet, containing an internally carried sub-projective (6) which is more rigid than the body of the bullet and is provided on the surface with several longitudinal ribs (7). The invention can be used for ammunition with sub-projectiles in all calibers of hunting weapons with a shotgun or rifled barrel.

Description

La présente invention concerne les munitions pour armes de petit, moyen et gros calibres, et plus particulièrement un nouveau type de balle flèche, notamment pour armes de chasse, présentant une efficacité améliorée, essentiellement sur cible molle.The present invention relates to ammunition for weapons small, medium and large calibers, and more particularly a new type of arrow bullet, especially for hunting weapons, with improved efficiency, mainly on soft target.

Les munitions à balle flèche comportent un sous-projectile (flèche) stabilisé par empennage, associé à un sabot (ou lanceur) au calibre de l'arme, l'ensemble se trouvant dans une cartouche fermée par sertissage, comprenant encore une douille amorcée et une charge propulsive. Des munitions de ce type sont décrites par exemple dans le brevet FR-A-2.555.728.Bullet ammunition has a sub-projectile (arrow) stabilized by tail, associated with a sabot (or launcher) to the caliber of the weapon, the assembly is found in a cartridge closed by crimping, comprising another primed socket and a propellant charge. of the ammunition of this type are described for example in the patent FR-A-2555728.

On connaít par ailleurs diverses munitions conçues pour se déformer lors de l'impact, et par exemple des munitions à expansion comme dans la demande WO 97.40334, dont la tête présente des fentes constituant des amorces de déformation. Le brevet US 4.685.397 décrit une balle procurant un effet similaire au moyen d'un bouchon susceptible de s'enfoncer dans un trou cylindrique formé dans l'axe de la tête de la balle en repoussant les parois vers l'extérieur. Le brevet US 3.881.421 décrit une balle dont la tête est évidée pour provoquer son aplatissement lors de l'impact sur la cible. Le brevet AT 395.910 décrit une munition de chasse à deux noyaux coaxiaux maintenus dans une enveloppe métallique. Un autre type de munition comprenant un corps en plomb placé dans une enveloppe de métal présentant une tige axiale solidaire du fond de l'enveloppe, est décrit dans le brevet US 4.685.397.We also know various munitions designed to deform during impact, and for example munitions to expansion as in application WO 97.40334, the head of which has slots constituting deformation primers. US Patent 4,685,397 describes a bullet providing an effect similar by means of a plug capable of sinking in a cylindrical hole formed in the axis of the head of the ball by pushing the walls outwards. The patent US 3,881,421 describes a bullet whose head is hollowed out for cause it to flatten upon impact on the target. The Patent AT 395,910 describes a hunting ammunition with two cores coaxial held in a metal casing. Another type of ammunition including a lead body placed in a metal casing having an axial rod integral with the bottom of the envelope, is described in US Patent 4,685,397.

La présente invention se rapporte aux munitions à balle flèche et concerne plus particulièrement le sous-projectile, aussi dénommé flèche. Il est souhaitable que la flèche se déforme à l'impact sur la cible, mais cette déformation doit être contrôlée et ne doit pas résulter en une dislocation trop importante en plusieurs fragments de flèche de petites dimensions qui pourraient se révéler dangereux. The present invention relates to bullet ammunition arrow and relates more particularly to the sub-projectile, also called arrow. It is desirable that the arrow is deforms on impact on the target, but this deformation must be controlled and must not result in dislocation too large in several small arrow fragments dimensions that could prove dangerous.

L'invention a pour objet un dispositif qui permet d'obtenir une déformation contrôlée de la flèche lors de l'impact sur les parties molles d'une cible, tout en assurant une rigidité et une cohésion suffisantes du corps de flèche pour éviter la formation de multiples fragments et assurer la destruction des parties dures de ladite cible. The subject of the invention is a device which allows to obtain a controlled deformation of the boom during the impact on the soft parts of a target, while ensuring sufficient rigidity and cohesion of the boom body to avoid the formation of multiple fragments and ensure the destruction of the hard parts of said target.

Le dispositif de l'invention est essentiellement constitué par une balle au calibre de l'arme ou sous-calibrée, comportant une partie avant profilée, une partie centrale, et une partie arrière pouvant porter une empenne, comportant, disposée suivant son axe, une flèche interne de rigidité supérieure à celle du corps de la balle.The device of the invention is essentially consisting of a bullet of the caliber of the weapon or under-calibrated, comprising a profiled front part, a part central, and a rear part which can carry a tail, comprising, arranged along its axis, an internal arrow of greater rigidity than the body of the ball.

Plus particulièrement, le dispositif de l'invention est constitué par un projectile au calibre de l'arme, ou un sous-projectile destiné à être utilisé en combinaison avec un lanceur au calibre de l'arme, comportant un insert cylindrique de plus grande rigidité que le reste du corps du projectile ou sous-projectile, placé suivant son axe et s'étendant au moins jusqu'à proximité de la face avant du projectile ou sous-projectile.More particularly, the device of the invention is consisting of a projectile of the caliber of the weapon, or a sub-projectile intended to be used in combination with a launcher to the caliber of the weapon, comprising a cylindrical insert greater rigidity than the rest of the body projectile or sub-projectile, placed along its axis and extending at least near the front face of the projectile or sub-projectile.

Suivant une forme de réalisation, la balle suivant la présente invention comprend une partie avant profilée, une partie centrale et une partie arrière pouvant porter une empenne, et la flèche interne a de préférence une longueur telle qu'elle s'étend sur la partie avant et la partie centrale de la balle.According to one embodiment, the ball following the present invention comprises a profiled front part, a central part and a rear part which can carry a tail, and the internal boom preferably has a length as it extends over the front part and the part center of the ball.

Suivant une variante conforme à la présente invention, la balle est entièrement traversée par la flèche interne qui s'étend depuis la partie arrière jusqu'à la partie avant de la balle, et la partie arrière de la flèche interne peut servir de support à l'empenne, dans le cas d'une balle stabilisée par empennage.According to a variant in accordance with the present invention, the bullet is entirely crossed by the internal arrow which extends from the rear part to the front part of the ball, and the rear part of the internal arrow can to support the stabilizer, in the case of a ball stabilized by empennage.

Cette flèche interne, ou insert, constitue une "flèche interne portée" car elle est insérée dans la balle et portée par elle. Dans la suite de la description, par simplification elle pourra être dénommée "flèche interne", mais doit être distinguée de la flèche constituant le sous-projectile des balles-flèches sous calibrées stabilisées par empennage de la technique connue.This internal arrow, or insert, constitutes a "arrow internal scope "because it is inserted into the ball and worn by she. In the following description, for simplification it can be called "internal arrow", but must be distinguished from the arrow constituting the sub-projectile of undersized arrowheads stabilized by tailplane known technique.

Suivant une forme avantageuse de réalisation, la flèche interne est logée dans un trou axial ouvert sur l'avant de la balle, et la face frontale de la flèche interne est placée en retrait par rapport à la face frontale de la partie avant de la balle. According to an advantageous embodiment, the arrow internal is housed in an axial hole open on the front of the bullet, and the front face of the internal arrow is placed in withdrawal from the front of the front part of the ball.

Suivant une variante de réalisation conforme à la présente invention, la flèche interne peut être débordante, c'est-à-dire que son extrémité avant dépasse hors du trou axial, et peut même dans certains cas se trouver en avant par rapport à la face frontale de la balle. Une telle disposition peut être particulièrement avantageuse dans le cas des balles stabilisées par empennage.According to an alternative embodiment in accordance with present invention, the internal boom can be overflowing, that is, its front end protrudes out of the hole axial, and may even in some cases be forward by compared to the front of the ball. Such a provision can be particularly advantageous in the case of bullets stabilized by empennage.

La flèche interne peut être réalisée en un seul élément ou en plusieurs éléments consécutifs disposés de manière jointive sur le même axe. Il peut être avantageux, par exemple, de prévoir une flèche interne en deux éléments. Suivant une variante de réalisation, la flèche interne peut être du type à fragmentation contrôlée et comporter des éléments se dispersant à l'impact, par exemple des billes de diamètre sensiblement égal à celui de la flèche interne. Cette forme de réalisation permet d'obtenir des éclats calibrés lors de l'impact, et d'améliorer ainsi le pouvoir létal des munitions en créant des blessures secondaires.The internal boom can be made in a single element or in several consecutive elements arranged so contiguous on the same axis. It can be beneficial, for example, to provide an internal arrow in two elements. According to an alternative embodiment, the internal boom can be of the type with controlled fragmentation and include elements dispersing on impact, for example balls of diameter substantially equal to that of the internal boom. This embodiment makes it possible to obtain fragments calibrated on impact, and thus improve power lethal ammunition by creating secondary injuries.

La flèche interne, ou insert, peut être réalisée par exemple en acier, en cuivre, en laiton ou en alliage d'aluminium à haute résistance mécanique.The internal boom, or insert, can be made by example in steel, copper, brass or aluminum alloy with high mechanical resistance.

Le corps de la balle peut être par exemple en cuivre ou en laiton contenant de 5 à 40 % de zinc, ou en alliage métallique présentant les qualités mécaniques voulues, par exemple en alliage d'aluminium ou de plomb. Par rapport aux techniques classiques, la technique de l'invention présente l'avantage de permettre de remplacer totalement ou partiellement le plomb par un autre métal ou un alliage réputé non polluant. Dans le cas d'une balle stabilisée par empennage, l'empenne peut être en métal ou en polymère formé par plasturgie sur le corps métallique du sous-projectile, et elle peut comporter des ailettes stabilisatrices.The body of the bullet may for example be made of copper or brass containing 5 to 40% zinc, or an alloy metallic with the desired mechanical qualities, for example example in aluminum or lead alloy. Relative to classical techniques, the technique of the invention presents the advantage of allowing to totally or partially replace lead by another metal or an alloy deemed not to pollutant. In the case of a stabilized stabilizer ball, the fin may be made of metal or of polymer formed by plastics on the metal body of the sub-projectile, and it may include stabilizing fins.

Suivant une variante conforme à la présente invention, la flèche interne et le corps de balle sont formés dans un même matériau de base, par exemple en cuivre ou en laiton. Dans ce cas, bien entendu, la rigidité de la flèche interne est renforcée par des moyens connus pour être supérieure à celle du corps de la balle. La fabrication de la flèche interne peut alors être réalisée en même temps que celle de la balle, à partir du même matériau.According to a variant in accordance with the present invention, the internal arrow and the bullet body are formed in a same base material, for example copper or brass. In this case, of course, the stiffness of the internal boom is reinforced by means known to be greater than that of the bullet body. The making of the boom internal can then be performed at the same time as that of the ball, from the same material.

La flèche interne portée, ou insert, a généralement la forme d'une tige de révolution à section constante, croissante ou décroissante, coaxiale avec le projectile, comme indiqué sur les figures jointes. Il peut être avantageux de prévoir des nervures sur la surface cylindrique afin d'améliorer la fixation de l'insert dans le corps de la balle. Il peut s'agir de nervures annulaires ou hélicoïdales, ou, de préférence, de nervures longitudinales, au nombre de 2 à 6 sur une partie ou sur la totalité de la longueur du cylindre, symétriquement par rapport à l'axe. De plus, les nervures longitudinales peuvent servir pour former des amorces de rupture sur la face frontale de la balle lors de la mise en place de l'insert cylindrique par introduction en force dans le trou préalablement foré suivant l'axe de la balle. Si la balle est obtenue par déformation à froid, la flèche interne portée, préalablement placée dans l'axe de l'ébauche de la balle, imprimera ses nervures longitudinales dans la matière du corps refoulée au moyen d'une presse et créera ainsi les amorces de ruptures voulues.The internal carried arrow, or insert, generally has the shape of a rod of revolution with constant section, increasing or decreasing, coaxial with the projectile, as shown in the attached figures. He can be advantageous to provide ribs on the cylindrical surface in order to improve the fixation of the insert in the body of the ball. They can be annular or helical ribs, or, preferably, longitudinal ribs, 2 in number to 6 over part or all of the length of the cylinder, symmetrically with respect to the axis. Moreover, the longitudinal ribs can be used to form fracture primers on the front of the bullet during the establishment of the cylindrical insert by introduction into force in the previously drilled hole along the axis of the ball. If the bale is obtained by cold deformation, the internal arrow carried, previously placed in the axis of the draft of the ball, will print its longitudinal ribs in the material of the body pushed back by means of a press and will thus create the initiations of desired ruptures.

Ces amorces de rupture, en coopérant avec la flèche interne, favorisent la déformation de la tête de la balle lors de l'impact par "pétalisation" ou "champignonnage" en autant d'éléments que de nervures, autour de la flèche interne centrale qui conserve sa forme générale et sert de structure assurant la cohésion de l'ensemble. Elles peuvent être associées en combinaison avec des rainures circulaires ou longitudinales pratiquées sur le pourtour de la balle, préférentiellement dans la zone à "champignonner", c'est-à-dire la zone dont on provoque la déformation contrôlée.These primers of rupture, by cooperating with the arrow internal, favor the deformation of the head of the ball during the impact by "petalization" or "mushrooming" in as many elements as ribs, around the arrow central internal which retains its general shape and serves as structure ensuring the cohesion of the whole. They can be combined in combination with circular grooves or longitudinal performed around the edge of the ball, preferably in the area to "mushroom", that is to say the area whose controlled deformation is caused.

Suivant une autre variante, on peut prévoir deux inserts ou éléments de flèche interne, disposés suivant l'axe du projectile, l'un derrière l'autre dans le trou foré dans le sous-projectile ou dans le corps de la balle.According to another variant, two inserts can be provided or internal boom elements, arranged along the axis of the projectile, one behind the other in the hole drilled in the sub-projectile or in the body of the bullet.

Comme indiqué plus haut, la balle peut être du type à stabilisation gyroscopique ou par empennage. La balle gyrostabilisée est utilisée dans une arme à canon rayé, de telle sorte que la rayure du canon, en coopérant avec un tenon solidaire de la balle, confère à celle-ci un mouvement de rotation suivant son axe. Les balles stabilisées par empennage peuvent être utilisées dans des armes à canon lisse.As indicated above, the ball may be of the type gyroscopic stabilization or by stabilization. The gyro-stabilized ball is used in a rifle with a barrel, such so that the barrel scratch, cooperating with a tenon integral with the ball, gives it a movement of rotation along its axis. The balls stabilized by empennage can be used in smooth-barreled weapons.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront plus en détail dans la description ci-après relative à des exemples non limitatifs, en référence aux dessins annexés qui représentent :

  • Fig. 1 : une vue schématique en coupe partielle d'une balle gyrostabilisée au calibre, à flèche interne suivant l'invention, pour carabine de chasse.
  • Fig. 2 : une coupe transversale de la flèche interne de la balle de la Fig. 1, à plus grande échelle.
  • Fig. 3 : une vue de profil, en coupe partielle, de la balle de la Fig. 1 après impact et pénétration.
  • Fig. 4 : une vue suivant la flèche A de la Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 : une demi-vue simplifiée en coupe partielle d'une balle sous-calibrée à flèches internes portées suivant l'invention, pour fusil de chasse.
  • Fig. 6 : une demi-vue de profil en coupe partielle de la balle sous-calibrée de la Fig. 5 après impact et pénétration.
  • Fig. 7 : une vue suivant la flèche B de la Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 8 : une demi-vue simplifiée en coupe partielle d'une variante de la balle sous-calibrée de la Fig. 5, comportant une flèche interne débordante.
  • Fig. 9 : une vue en coupe partielle d'une variante de la balle gyrostabilisée au calibre de la Fig. 1, comportant un élément de flèche interne associé à des billes.
  • Fig. 10 : une vue en coupe partielle d'une variante de la balle gyrostabilisée au calibre de la Fig. 1, comportant une flèche interne traversante en deux éléments.
  • Fig. 11 : une vue de profil en coupe partielle de la balle de la Fig. 10 après impact et pénétration.
  • The characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear in more detail in the description below, relating to nonlimiting examples, with reference to the appended drawings which represent:
  • Fig. 1: a schematic view in partial section of a gyrostabilized bullet caliber, with internal arrow according to the invention, for hunting rifle.
  • Fig. 2: a cross section of the internal arrow of the ball of FIG. 1, on a larger scale.
  • Fig. 3: a side view, in partial section, of the ball of FIG. 1 after impact and penetration.
  • Fig. 4: a view along arrow A in FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 5: a simplified half-view in partial section of an under-calibrated bullet with internal arrows carried according to the invention, for hunting rifle.
  • Fig. 6: a half profile view in partial section of the sub-calibrated ball of FIG. 5 after impact and penetration.
  • Fig. 7: a view along arrow B in FIG. 6.
  • Fig. 8: a simplified half-view in partial section of a variant of the sub-calibrated bullet of FIG. 5, comprising an overflowing internal arrow.
  • Fig. 9: a view in partial section of a variant of the gyrostabilized bullet of the caliber of FIG. 1, comprising an internal arrow element associated with balls.
  • Fig. 10: a partial section view of a variant of the gyro-stabilized bullet of the caliber of FIG. 1, comprising an internal through arrow in two elements.
  • Fig. 11: a side view in partial section of the ball of FIG. 10 after impact and penetration.
  • Comme le montre la Fig. 1, la balle au calibre comporte à sa partie arrière un rétreint de culot (1), à sa partie centrale un corps (2) sur lequel sont pratiquées des gorges circulaires (3), à sa partie avant une ogive (4) l'ensemble étant partiellement introduit dans un étui amorcé et chargé non représenté.As shown in Fig. 1, the caliber bullet has at its rear part a neck constriction (1), at its part central body (2) on which grooves are practiced circular (3), at its front part a warhead (4) the assembly being partially inserted in a primed and charged case not shown.

    Un trou (5) est foré dans la face avant de l'ogive (4) suivant l'axe de la balle et renferme la flèche interne portée (6) pourvue sur sa surface de plusieurs nervures longitudinales (7). Une entrée conique (9) facilite l'amorçage du "champignonnage".A hole (5) is drilled in the front face of the warhead (4) along the axis of the ball and contains the internal arrow bearing surface (6) provided on its surface with several ribs longitudinal (7). A conical entry (9) facilitates the initiation of "mushrooming".

    La Fig. 2 montre la position de 4 nervures (7) en surface de la flèche interne portée (6) symétriquement par rapport à l'axe et uniformément réparties sur le pourtour de ladite flèche. Les arêtes de ces nervures (7) prennent appui contre la paroi interne du trou (5). Elles présentent l'avantage de provoquer la formation d'amorces de rupture dans l'épaisseur de l'ogive (4) sur le pourtour du trou (5) lors de la mise en place de la flèche interne, insérée en force dans le trou (5), au cours de la fabrication.Fig. 2 shows the position of 4 ribs (7) in surface of the internal boom carried (6) symmetrically by relative to the axis and uniformly distributed around the periphery of said arrow. The edges of these ribs (7) are supported against the inner wall of the hole (5). They present the advantage of causing the initiation of rupture primers in the thickness of the warhead (4) around the periphery of the hole (5) during the positioning of the internal boom, inserted in force in the hole (5) during manufacturing.

    L'ogive (4) peut comporter une ou plusieurs gorges circulaires (8) pouvant faciliter la vitesse et l'aptitude à l'enroulement des pétales (10) comme précisé par les figures 3 et 4 afin de mieux gérer la déformation à l'impact et pendant l'atteinte.The warhead (4) may have one or more grooves circular (8) which can facilitate speed and ability to the winding of the petals (10) as specified by the figures 3 and 4 in order to better manage the deformation on impact and during the achievement.

    Comme le montre la Fig. 5, la balle sous-calibrée (11) est équipée d'une empenne (12) à sa partie arrière, et est enveloppée d'un sabot de lancement (13) représenté en traits pointillés, l'ensemble étant dans une douille amorcée et chargée non représentée.As shown in Fig. 5, the sub-calibrated bullet (11) is equipped with a tail (12) at its rear, and is wrapped in a launch shoe (13) shown in lines dotted, the assembly being in a primed socket and charged not shown.

    Un trou (14) est foré dans la face frontale de la balle (11), suivant son axe, et renferme deux flèches internes portées montées en tandem comme le montre la Figure 5. La flèche interne portée arrière (15) comporte un sillon hélicoïdal (17) en conjugaison avec le filetage partiel du trou (14). La flèche interne portée avant (16) venant en appui sur la flèche interne portée arrière (15) est pourvue sur sa surface de plusieurs nervures (18).A hole (14) is drilled in the front face of the ball (11), along its axis, and contains two internal arrows spans mounted in tandem as shown in Figure 5. The internal rear reach boom (15) has a groove helical (17) in conjunction with the partial thread of the hole (14). The internal boom carried before (16) coming pressing on the internal rear reach boom (15) is provided on its surface several ribs (18).

    Les nervures en surface de la flèche interne (16) peuvent être au nombre de trois, disposées symétriquement par rapport à l'axe. Les arêtes de ces nervures prennent appui contre la paroi interne du trou (14). Le sillon hélicoïdal (17) est formé en surface de la flèche interne portée arrière (15) .The ribs on the surface of the internal boom (16) can be three in number, arranged symmetrically by relation to the axis. The edges of these ribs are supported against the inner wall of the hole (14). The helical groove (17) is formed on the surface of the internal boom carried rear (15).

    La face frontale (19) de la balle sous-calibrée (11) peut avoir une forme appropriée, coopérant avec l'insert métallique pour contrôler la déformation à l'impact. Cette zone annulaire frontale (19) peut avoir par exemple l'une des formes représentées aux figures 5a à 5h du brevet français 2.599.828. Une illustration du résultat obtenu au tir est précisée sur les Fig. 6 et 7.The front face (19) of the sub-calibrated bullet (11) may have an appropriate shape, cooperating with the insert metal to control deformation on impact. This frontal annular zone (19) may for example have one of the shapes shown in Figures 5a to 5h of the French patent 2599828. An illustration of the result obtained with the shooting is specified in Figs. 6 and 7.

    Suivant une variante de la balle stabilisée par empennage de la Figure 5, la flèche interne portée est réalisée sous forme débordante, comme indiqué sur la Figure 8 montrant la flèche interne dont l'extrémité avant dépasse au-delà de la face frontale de la balle. Dans cette forme de réalisation, la flèche interne (20) comprend une tête (21) de forme tronconique, la petite base étant vers l'avant. Les deux parties (20) et (21) de la flèche interne peuvent bien entendu constituer une seule et même pièce homogène.According to a variant of the bullet stabilized by tail of Figure 5, the internal arrow carried is produced in overflowing form, as shown in Figure 8 showing the internal arrow whose front end protrudes beyond from the front of the ball. In this form of embodiment, the internal boom (20) comprises a head (21) of frustoconical shape, the small base being forward. The two parts (20) and (21) of the internal boom may well intended to constitute a single homogeneous part.

    Comme le montre la Figure 8, un espace sépare la face frontale (22) de la balle et le bord de la tête (21) de la flèche interne, afin de faciliter la déformation de la balle à l'impact sur la cible.As shown in Figure 8, a space separates the face front (22) of the ball and the edge of the head (21) of the internal arrow, to facilitate the deformation of the ball at impact on the target.

    Sur la variante de balle gyrostabilisée au calibre représentée sur la Figure 9, la flèche interne comprend un élément de flèche avant (23) associé à des billes (24).On the caliber gyrostabilized bullet variant shown in Figure 9, the internal arrow includes a front boom element (23) associated with balls (24).

    L'élément arrière est constitué par plusieurs billes (24) métalliques. Le diamètre des billes est sensiblement égal à celui de la flèche interne, de telle sorte que les billes sont maintenues en place dans le trou axial (5) par l'élément avant (23). Lors de l'impact sur la cible, la déformation de la tête de la balle est proche de celle représentée sur la Figure 3, et a pour effet de provoquer la séparation de l'élément avant (23) de la flèche interne et la libération des billes (24).The rear element consists of several balls (24) metallic. The diameter of the balls is appreciably equal to that of the internal arrow, so that the balls are held in place in the axial hole (5) by the front element (23). Upon impact on the target, the deformation of the ball head is close to that shown in Figure 3, and has the effect of causing separation of the front element (23) of the internal boom and the release of the balls (24).

    La Figure 10 représente une balle gyrostabilisée au calibre de l'arme, analogue à celle de la Figure 1, comportant un culot (1), un corps (2) pourvu de gorges circulaires (3) et une partie avant profilée (4), l'ensemble étant traversé de part en part par un trou (25) dans lequel est placée une flèche interne comprenant un élément arrière (26) et un élément avant (27).Figure 10 shows a gyro-stabilized ball caliber of the weapon, similar to that of Figure 1, comprising a base (1), a body (2) provided with circular grooves (3) and a profiled front part (4), the assembly being traversed right through by a hole (25) in which is placed an internal boom comprising a rear element (26) and a front member (27).

    L'élément arrière (26) de la flèche comporte un filetage (28) coopérant avec le taraudage (29) formé sur la surface interne du trou (25). Cette disposition permet de fixer solidement l'élément arrière (26) dans le corps de la balle. Au contraire, l'élément avant (27) de la flèche interne est inséré en force dans la partie avant du trou (25).The rear member (26) of the boom has a thread (28) cooperating with the thread (29) formed on the surface internal hole (25). This arrangement allows to fix securely the rear member (26) in the body of the ball. On the contrary, the front element (27) of the internal arrow is forcefully inserted into the front part of the hole (25).

    Lors de l'impact sur la cible, l'élément arrière (26) de la flèche interne reste solidaire du corps de balle, dont la partie avant s'est repliée du centre vers l'extérieur, comme le montre la Figure 11, tandis que l'élément avant (27) de la flèche interne a été libéré.Upon impact on the target, the rear member (26) of the internal arrow remains secured to the bullet body, the front part folded from the center outwards, as shown in Figure 11, while the front element (27) of the internal arrow has been released.

    Les essais effectués en utilisant des munitions conformes à la présente invention, tirées sur des blocs de matière plastique (Plastiline®), ont mis en évidence une excellente efficacité, et en particulier une déformation contrôlée de la balle à l'impact sur la cible, comme le montrent les Figures 3, 6 et 11, supérieure à celle des munitions classiques au plomb.Tests carried out using conforming ammunition to the present invention, drawn on blocks of material plastic (Plastiline®), have shown excellent efficiency, and in particular a controlled deformation of the bullet on impact on target, as shown in Figures 3, 6 and 11, superior to that of conventional ammunition at lead.

    L'invention peut s'appliquer aux munitions à balle flèche pour armes de chasse de tous calibres, à canon lisse ou rayé.The invention can be applied to bullet ammunition arrow for hunting weapons of all calibers, with smooth barrel or scratched.

    Claims (15)

    1. Ammunition for small-, medium- and larger-caliber weapons, consisting of a bullet with the same caliber as the weapon or which is subcaliber, comprising a profiled front part (4), a central part (2), and a rear part (1) which may bear fins (12), characterized in that the bullet contains, along its axis, an internal core (6) consisting of a cylindrical insert with rigidity greater than that of the body of the bullet, placed in an axial hole (5).
    2. The ammunition according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal core (6) extends over the front part (4) and the central part (2) of the bullet.
    3. The ammunition according to claim 2, characterized in that the internal core (6) is housed in an axial hole (5) which is open at the front of the bullet.
    4. The ammunition according to claim 3, characterized in that the internal core (26, 27) passes right through it and runs from the rear part to the front part of the bullet.
    5. The ammunition according to any of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the front face of the internal core is set back from the front face of the front part of the bullet.
    6. The ammunition according to any of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the internal core (20) protrudes and its front end (21) extends beyond the front face (22) of the bullet.
    7. The ammunition according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the internal core (6) consists of one single homogeneous element.
    8. The ammunition according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the internal core consists of at least two consecutive elements (15, 16) arranged contiguously along the same axis.
    9. The ammunition according to claim 8, characterized in that the internal core comprises a first cylindrical element (23) and one or more balls (24) of approximately equal,diameter.
    10. The ammunition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal core consists of a rod (6) having symmetry of revolution and comprising ribs over part of its surface.
    11. The ammunition according to claim 10, characterized in that the internal core (6) has annular, helical or longitudinal ribs.
    12. The ammunition according to claim 11, characterized in that the internal core has two to six longitudinal ribs (7) arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis.
    13. The ammunition according to any of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the front part of the body of the bullet has rupture initiators.
    14. The ammunition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal core (6) is made of steel, brass, copper or aluminum alloy.
    15. The ammunition according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body of the bullet is made of copper or brass containing 5 to 40% zinc.
    EP00951601A 1999-06-18 2000-06-16 Bullet with an internally carried sub-projectile Expired - Lifetime EP1188032B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9907760 1999-06-18
    FR9907760A FR2795170B1 (en) 1999-06-18 1999-06-18 BALL WITH INTERNAL ARROW
    PCT/FR2000/001677 WO2000079211A1 (en) 1999-06-18 2000-06-16 Bullet with an internally carried sub-projectile

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1188032A1 EP1188032A1 (en) 2002-03-20
    EP1188032B1 true EP1188032B1 (en) 2004-05-19

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    EP (1) EP1188032B1 (en)
    JP (1) JP4593045B2 (en)
    AT (1) ATE267380T1 (en)
    AU (1) AU6448800A (en)
    CA (1) CA2375292C (en)
    CZ (1) CZ302555B6 (en)
    DE (1) DE60010884T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2179792T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2795170B1 (en)
    MA (1) MA25417A1 (en)
    NO (1) NO320813B1 (en)
    PL (1) PL194325B1 (en)
    PT (1) PT1188032E (en)
    WO (1) WO2000079211A1 (en)

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    CA2375292C (en) 2008-03-18
    FR2795170A1 (en) 2000-12-22
    PT1188032E (en) 2004-09-30
    CA2375292A1 (en) 2000-12-28
    CZ20014555A3 (en) 2002-11-13
    PL353013A1 (en) 2003-10-06
    JP4593045B2 (en) 2010-12-08
    PL194325B1 (en) 2007-05-31
    FR2795170B1 (en) 2002-06-28
    NO20016191D0 (en) 2001-12-18
    NO20016191L (en) 2002-02-13
    NO320813B1 (en) 2006-01-30
    DE60010884T2 (en) 2005-05-25
    ES2179792T1 (en) 2003-02-01
    DE60010884D1 (en) 2004-06-24
    EP1188032A1 (en) 2002-03-20
    US6845717B1 (en) 2005-01-25
    ES2179792T3 (en) 2004-12-16
    AU6448800A (en) 2001-01-09
    WO2000079211A1 (en) 2000-12-28
    CZ302555B6 (en) 2011-07-13
    ATE267380T1 (en) 2004-06-15
    JP2003528279A (en) 2003-09-24
    MA25417A1 (en) 2002-04-01

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