Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
  • H01F41/14—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates
  • H01F41/16—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for applying magnetic films to substrates the magnetic material being applied in the form of particles, e.g. by serigraphy, to form thick magnetic films or precursors therefor

Definitions

• the present invention relates mainly to a magnetic coating, to a method of coating external surfaces, in particular of sheet or roll materials, with such a coating, and to a coating apparatus implementing said method.
• the invention applies in the field of games, in particular for puzzles, board games, educational or didactic materials, in the field of stationery, decoration or building: wall covering, removable attachment to the using magnetic elements
• the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks, by proposing a magnetic coating generating an anisotropic medium making it possible to optimize the magnetic attraction and sliding forces exerted by the coating, this coating being able to be applied to any support, and in particular paper, cardboard, sheets of material flexible or rigid plastic, wallpaper, walls and others.
• the magnetic efficiency of the forces exerted by the particles in an anisotropic medium is 25 to 30% higher than that obtained in an isotropic medium.
• the subject of the present invention is a magnetic coating, capable of being spread substantially regularly over a surface, in which conductive particles oriented by a prior magnetization according to an inducing electromagnetic field, in particular ferromagnetic particles such as particles of iron oxide, are embedded in a binder.
• the coating according to the invention makes it possible to produce electromagnetic shielding by ensuring on the one hand the confinement of the electromagnetic waves emitted in a room and, on the other hand, by limiting the penetration of electromagnetic waves in this piece.
• non-ferromagnetic conductive particles for example copper particles
• the glue used as main binder is preferably electrically conductive.
• the conductive particles are in the form of a rod in order to increase their capacity to orient themselves according to the inducing electromagnetic field.
• said binder is an adhesive resin, in particular a hot-melt adhesive (hotmelt in English terminology), a cold adhesive or a paint.
• the adhesive resin is preferably non-electrically conductive.
• adhesives in dispersion in particular acrylic, vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate-ethylene or acrylic styrene copolymer, adhesives in solution of the type vinyl acetate, acrylic or acrylic styrene, vegetable adhesives, in particular of the starch, dextrin or casein type or, advantageously hot-melt adhesives produced in particular on an ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene acrylic, polyolefin, styrene butadiene or styrene isoprene basis.
• the present invention also relates to a method of coating such a coating on a backing support, comprising a step of applying a main binder on the support guided by a conveyor belt, a step of controlled distribution and distribution uniform charge of conductive particles in the resin coupled to a step of orienting the particles by magnetization, followed by a demagnetization step, a step of covering the particles by depositing a complementary binder, and a drying stage of the assembly.
• the magnetization step is followed by a demagnetization step, so as not to disturb the subsequent steps, and the drying step is followed by a particle re-magnetization step.
• the controlled distribution and the distribution of the load are carried out by programming the flow rate of powder delivered according to the density of particles chosen, then by sieving or uniform dosing on the pre-glued support; a random distribution of the particles makes it possible to obtain a controlled and uniform thickness of the upper surface thus formed;
• the magnetization step occurs once the particles are effectively distributed in the main binder following the particle distribution and distribution step, but before the effective setting by solidification of the binder so that the particles can orient themselves;
• the distribution, distribution and magnetization steps of the particles are combined so that the particles are oriented by magnetization before their actual distribution in the binder.
• An advantageous embodiment consists in spraying an adhesive resin as a binder for covering the particles and laminating a support on the upper surface thus formed to serve as a front support.
• Any type of support can be used as a front support, namely: cardboard, paper, fabric, sheet of flexible or rigid plastic material, etc., the nature of the front support being able to be identical or different from that of the back support.
• the covering step can advantageously consist in spraying a varnish as a complementary binder.
• the subject of the invention is also a coating device for implementing the method according to the invention, comprising means for feeding the support, continuous or discontinuous feeding depending on whether the support is in rolls or in sheets, means for applying a main binder by pressure rollers or by at least one nozzle, coupled to heating means, a particle tank coupled to a sprinkler for the distribution of the charge of particles, means for distributing the charge of particles in the main binder, electromagnetic means for producing an anisotropic magnetic field for magnetizing the particles, a sprayer for depositing the complementary binder, and drying means.
• the sprinkler is programmed to deliver the quantity of powder corresponding to the selected charge density, preferably between 100 and 900 g / m 2 , the means of applying binder preferably deliver on the order of 10 to 50 g / m 2 of product, the distributing means are constituted by a vibrating screen system or by at least one dosimeter, capable of forming particular patterns by masking, and the electromagnetic magnetization means are formed by an electromagnet.
• a demagnetization device disposed immediately downstream of the electromagnetic magnetization means, and a final magnetizer, disposed downstream of the drying tunnel, in the case where the charge at least partially comprises particles ferromagnetic
• the support is fed by a unwinding roller, the front support feeding is optionally also carried out by a unwinding roller coupled to pressing rollers on the conveyor belt, and a roller final winding provides a coil of the product obtained by the process of the invention
• the feeding in front support is optionally also carried out by a sheet feeding tray sheet, the feed trays and the means for distributing the charge of particles being controlled by an automated distribution system and adjusted to a rate of travel
• the means of applying the binder, and if necessary of applying the additional binder are regulated by a sequential controller optical with photocells, connected to the automated distribution system.
• the coating apparatus shown has different continuous work stations used in combination, alternating or optional.
• the device is a single-sided device, it being understood that double-sided devices do not depart from the scope of the present invention.
• the nonlimiting example presented describes the coating of a wallpaper in order to illustrate the operation of the device.
• the apparatus comprises a unwinding roller supplying a backing paper 10, driven in rotation by known means, the paper being guided on a continuous conveyor belt 20 driven in translation at the same speed by rotary elements 21.
• the linear speed is for example between 20 and 250 m / min., preferably between 30 and 150 m / min.
• the means for applying binder preferably deliver on the order of 10 to 50 g / m 2 of product, preferably about 35 g / m 2 . Either these glue distribution means are used depending on the nature of the glue.
• the temperature at which hot-melt adhesives are used, at the time of magnetization, must be lower than the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic material used.
• the application temperature is between 140 and 190 ° C.
• a roller type of machine such as a machine comprising a generator 3960 MultiScan ® sold by the Company NORDSON connected by automatic heating pipes in automatic pistols marketed by the Company under the reference H20.
• the glue flows between two rollers 40 and flows through a calibrated space formed between these rollers.
• a reservoir 50 of particles 13 coupled to a sprinkler 51 is then provided for the distribution of ferromagnetic powder particles.
• the sprinkler is programmed to deliver the quantity of powder corresponding to the chosen charge density, the mixture of a binder typically a paint or an adhesive with ferromagnetic particles forming a charge in the binder . corresponding to 200 to 850 g per square meter of iron oxide, preferably substantially equal to 800 g per square meter of iron oxide.
• the maximum amount of ferromagnetic filler capable of being accepted by the binder is used, for example six units by weight of ferromagnetic powder for two units by weight of binder.
• any ferromagnetic material capable of exhibiting the desired particle size and the stability, in particular chemical, over time can be used.
• soft iron, hardened iron, ferrite, any iron oxide, ferromagnetic rare earths, samarium, barium or cobalt can be used.
• coated iron particles are used by a material for protection against corrosion, for example by a layer of cobalt. It is also possible to use chromium, chromium oxide and the particles used for coating magnetic tapes.
• the iron oxide particles used have the form of elongated rods and have a low granularity so as to obtain a smooth surface state. Excellent results have been obtained with iron oxide, the particle size of which was equal to 24 ⁇ m, the lower particle sizes also being suitable. If the grainy surface condition is acceptable, larger particle sizes can be used, for example between 25 and 300 ⁇ m.
• a vibrating screen system (not shown) is coupled to the sprinkler 51 to evenly distribute the particles on the pre-glued backing paper.
• a programmable dosimeter can be used to adjust the amount of powder to be deposited. This deposition can be carried out with predetermined patterns by masking using precut screens.
• a magnetic field induced by an electromagnet 60 is created in order to orient by magnetization the particles just deposited in the adhesive resin, that is to say before the glue solidifies.
• the use of a hot-melt adhesive in the example of implementation is particularly advantageous since it can be easily controlled for opening and closing.
• the magnetic field is formed between the sprinkler and the distributing means. This solution is advantageous when, depending on the nature of the powder used, there is a phenomenon of "wicking" which can affect the regularity of depositing on the paper.
• the magnetization is carried out by magnetically polarizing the particles.
• the coated paper passes through the air gap of the electromagnet 60 generating a field substantially uniform magnetic across the width of the paper.
• an electromagnet is used which generates an intense magnetic field substantially equal to 0.5 Teslas.
• the viscosity of the coating according to the present invention as well as the amplitude of the magnetic field are such that the migration of magnetic particles outside the binder and their sticking in the air gap of 1 x electromagnet is carefully avoided.
• guide means prevent the paper covered with the coating according to the present invention from sticking to one of the poles of the magnet, in the case of the use of a permanent magnet.
• the coated paper then passes under a demagnetization device 70, placed immediately downstream of the electromagnetic magnetization means.
• the use of a paint as a binder may be advantageous for providing a desired color. But ferromagnetic particles can change the color of the paint. If this effect is not desired, it can then be covered with one or more layers of paint devoid of ferromagnetic charge.
• a sprayer 80 then deposits the additional binder. The flow rate of this sprayer is adjusted so that all the particles are embedded in this binder.
• This binder can also be a varnish, for example translucent if it is desired to retain the view of the backing paper in the background.
• a front paper support is then to be deposited in this example, and the sprayer 80 in this case delivers an adhesive as a complementary binder.
• the front support 14 is also supplied by a unwinding roller 90 coupled to pressure rollers 91 on the conveyor belt.
• the magnetizer is a drum coupled in rotation to the conveyor belt, alternating south and north poles according to a previously calculated magnetic pitch.
• the scrolling and magnetization speed is of the order of 80 m / min.
• the applied voltage is of the order of 2000 to 3000 V, delivering a field of 8000 to 9000 gauss, for paper widths between 700 and 1400 mm.
• a final winding roller 120 provides a reel of the product obtained by the process of the invention.
• shielding with electromagnetic radiation, it is advantageous to ensure a sufficient charge of ferromagnetic particles to make the coating according to the present invention conductive, at least at the frequencies which it is desired to eliminate.
• non-ferromagnetic conductive particles for example copper, are used in addition to or in place of the ferromagnetic particles to form a shield or Faraday cage.
• Such shielding makes it possible to protect electronic equipment, in particular telecommunications equipment and computer equipment, from external disturbances as well as indiscretions by preventing listening to the electromagnetic signals emitted by this type of equipment in operation.
• the coating device as a variant of the batch supply type, also has different work stations used in combination, alternately or as an option.
• the paper is fed sheet by sheet 21 onto the conveyor belt 20 from a feed tray 15, and the supply of backing support 24 is also carried out by a sheet feed sheet tray 16 coupled to pressure rollers 17.
• the feed trays and the means for distributing the charge of particles are controlled by an automated distribution system (not shown) known to those skilled in the art and adjusted to a scrolling rate.
• the device glues, for example, 90 cartons per minute, each carton having an area of 40 cm by 55 cm.
• the means for applying the binder, 30 and 40, and the complementary binder 80, identical to those described above, are regulated by an optical sequential controller with photoelectric cells 25, connected to the automated distribution system.
• the final magnetizer 111 is in the form of an electromagnet and the storage system is in the form of a tray 121 capable of stacking the sheets coated by the device according to the invention, by example sheets of paper decorated or not, cardboard, plastic plates or the like.
• the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown.
• the method according to the invention also makes it possible to adapt the thickness of the coating as a function of the grammage of the two sheets to be bonded. For example, laminating a sheet weighing 90 g to a sheet of the same thickness or thicker requires approximately 90 to 120 g of plaster.
• the magnetized coating of the magnet can also be adapted under the same conditions.
• the thickness of the coating can be perfectly adapted to the aesthetic effect, of weight, of magnetization force and of economic cost which it is desired to give.
• Zone magnetization can be obtained by magnet gaps having the shape of the desired zones either by using a set of electromagnets arranged in a matrix and by feeding only
• a support typically of a cardboard or a plastic sheet
• the coating according to the present invention so as to allow the stacking of the parts.
• a first face of the support receives a non-magnetized coating, the opposite face receiving a coating capable of being magnetized.
• the two faces receive a coating which is subsequently permanently magnetized.
• the apparatus according to the invention advantageously comprises means for cutting the coated support, for example to form elements of the "magnet" type (magnet in English terminology) comprising, after cutting, a portion of support relating to a subject or adapted to receive, for example by collage, another support relating to this subject.
• the magnets obtained are maintained on any metallic surface, for example refrigerator door or any surface (paper, cardboard, etc.) covered with a metallic coating (coating containing powdered metal in filings or the like) or integrating a totally or partially metallic surface (strip, grid or other), by the exercise of magnetic forces created between these magnets and said metallic surface.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Manufacturing Of Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Coating Apparatus (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 1999
  • 1999-06-15 FR FR9907589A patent/FR2795223B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2000
  • 2000-06-09 US US10/009,588 patent/US7001645B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-06-09 JP JP2001503189A patent/JP2003503512A/ja active Pending
  • 2000-06-09 DE DE60026314T patent/DE60026314D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-06-09 CA CA002376774A patent/CA2376774A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-06-09 WO PCT/FR2000/001604 patent/WO2000077803A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2000-06-09 AT AT00949523T patent/ATE319173T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-06-09 EP EP00949523A patent/EP1185989B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-06-09 AU AU62855/00A patent/AU6285500A/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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