EP1182294B1 - Railway track and method for making a railway track - Google Patents

Abstract

The sleeper has a solid one-part body (1) with top support surfaces (7) for rails (9). The body has a central section (2), extending in longitudinal direction (I) of the track, with a part of a first height (h1) forming the rail support surfaces. A section (3) on either side of the central one has a second height (h2), lower by at least 1/4 than the central section. The transitional walls (4) between the sections enclose and angle of approx. 45 degrees .

Description

The present invention relates to a rail track, in particular solid track, and a method for producing a rail track according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a rail track and such a method are known from WO 95/11345 A1 known.

The sleepers of railways serve to determine the lateral and vertical position of the rails. In addition, they transfer the forces acting on the rails to the ground. In conventional railways, the sleepers are embedded in a ballast bed. However, sleepers are also used in so-called fixed carriageways, in which the sleepers are laid in particular on an asphalt or concrete layer or poured into a concrete layer.

The invention has for its object to provide an improved rail track and a method for their preparation.

This object is achieved by a rail track having the features of claim 1 and by a method having the features of claim 6.

The threshold can be secured against lateral displacement. It is particularly advantageous that the anchoring pin is displaceably guided in the receptacle. The occurring when loading the track vertical movements of the threshold are not hindered.

It is preferred if the receptacle is formed as a passage opening. An impact of the bolt with strong vertical movements of the threshold is thereby avoided.

It is particularly preferred if the receptacle is formed by a sleeve cast into the threshold body, in particular a metal or plastic tube. This can be obtained with a simple production an accurate fit recording that allows vertical movements of the threshold and prevents damage in this area of the threshold.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the threshold body in its two longitudinal ends each have a lowered portion whose height is smaller than the height of the central portion under the rail fasteners. The lowered portions in the longitudinal ends have on the one hand the advantage of a material saving and cost reduction. On the other hand, the receptacles for anchoring bolts can be realized particularly advantageous by the lowered portions.

A rail track according to the invention is inserted according to an embodiment of the invention with a ballast bedding and into the ballast bed, formed the rails carrying sleepers, wherein the thresholds in one of the previously described types is executed. This results in the advantages described above in this rail carriageway.

In a further railroad track according to the invention, the above-described sleepers are arranged on a concrete support layer. Again, the advantages described above arise.

It is preferred if the sleepers are underpoured with a leveling compound, in particular cast concrete or poured asphalt. As a result, a sufficiently flat bearing surface for the thresholds is created.

In a further railroad track according to the invention, the sleepers rest on an asphalt base course and are formed according to one of the types described above. It again results in the advantages described above.

The asphalt base course is preferably applied to a hydraulically bound or unbonded base course. However, the asphalt base layer can also be applied directly to the substrate, in particular to an antifreeze layer or a protective layer.

In all cases, the individual layers may have a lower height due to the threshold according to the invention. The production costs for the substructure are thereby reduced. Also, the threshold according to the invention may have a shorter length due to their properties. As a result, the necessary width of the substructure is reduced accordingly, which leads to a further cost reduction.

Also in the case of the use of an asphalt base course can be applied to this particular bituminous potting compound. This in turn has the advantage of a particularly flat support surface for the threshold.

In all railway tracks according to the invention, sound absorbers are preferably placed on the sleepers, both between the rails and also outside thereof. The sound absorbers are preferably on their underside with a damping and friction increasing material such as foam rubber or the like. Mistake. The occurring during loading of the track movements of the sound absorber can not lead to destruction of the sound absorber or their bearing surfaces, and the sound absorbers are secured against slipping.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the railways on both sides of a ballast cover. The ballast cover extends the sound insulation and protects the substructure of the sleepers. During inspection or repair work, the ballast can be easily plowed and picked up, so that the track for the necessary work can be easily exposed. Also can be carried out without substantial effort control of the track specification.

In the method according to the invention for the production of a so-called solid track, in which the sleepers are laid in particular on a concrete base layer or an asphalt base course or poured into a concrete layer, sleepers are used, which in each case have a receptacle in their end areas seen in relation to the longitudinal direction in which a bolt is slidably guided in its longitudinal direction, a recess is further introduced into the uppermost support layer in the region of the receptacle, filled into the recess a sealing compound, inserted into the receptacles each have a bolt and the threshold fixed until the potting compound is cured sufficiently to prevent over the bolt lateral displacement of the threshold.

As a result, an advantageous fixation of the thresholds against lateral displacement is achieved. The bolts may be formed relatively small in cross-section, since two bolts are provided for anchoring the threshold. Thus, the recesses in the uppermost support layer can be made relatively small, so that they can be introduced by simple means in the support layer, for example by milling.

Preferably, the receptacles are formed as a passage opening, so that the potting compound can be introduced, if desired, through the passage opening in the recesses of the support layer. In addition, this embodiment has the advantage that the bolt can not abut on vertical movement of the threshold.

In all cases, it is sufficient if the bolts are installed in every second to sixth threshold, in straight sections in every fourth to sixth threshold and in bent sections in every second to fourth threshold.

Figur 1

eine Draufsicht auf die Schmalseite einer erfindungsgemäßen Schwelle im Einbauzustand,

Figur 2

eine Draufsicht auf die Längsseite der Schwelle von Figur 1,

Figur 3

eine Draufsicht auf die Oberseite eines Abschnitts einer erfin- dungsgemäßen Schienenfahrbahn,

Figur 4

einen Teilquerschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Schienen- fahrbahn,

Figur 5

einen Teilquerschnitt durch eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Schienenfahrbahn,

Figur 6

eine Seitenansicht eines Abschnitts einer erfindungsgemäßen Schienenfahrbahn,

Fig. 7 bis 10

Teilquerschnitte durch weitere erfindungsgemäße Schienen- fahrbahnen.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described below. They show, in each case in a schematic representation,

FIG. 1

a plan view of the narrow side of a threshold according to the invention in the installed state,

FIG. 2

a plan view of the longitudinal side of the threshold of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3

a top view of the top of a portion of a railway track according to the invention,

FIG. 4

a partial cross section through a rail track according to the invention,

FIG. 5

a partial cross section through another rail track according to the invention,

FIG. 6

a side view of a portion of a railroad track according to the invention,

Fig. 7 to 10

Partial cross sections through further railways according to the invention.

The in the Fig. 1 to 3 shown threshold has a threshold body 1 with a seen in the direction of travel middle section 2 and two arranged on both sides of the central portion 2 sections 3. The middle section 2 has a height h ₁ , the two lateral Portions 3 each have a height h ₂ which is smaller by about a quarter than the height of ₁ h.

The over the side portions 3 protruding part of the central portion 2 has the shape of a trapezoid with two oblique side walls 4, which enclose between them an angle α of about 45 °. The adjoining the oblique side surfaces 4 upper sides 5 of the two lateral portions 3 are formed sloping sloping towards the two outer sides of the threshold body 1.

On the top 6 of the central portion 2 bearing surfaces 7 are formed for rail fasteners 8, in which rails 9 are used. On the underside of the sleeper body 1, a fleece 10 is also arranged, which compensates for unevenness of the underside 11 of the threshold body 1 or the substructure 12.

How to particular in Fig. 2 recognizes, on the underside of the sleeper body 1 also has a recess 13 which is located in the longitudinal center of the threshold body 1. The recess 13 may be filled with an elastic filling material.

As it turned out Fig. 3 results, the sleeper body 1 also has on its one longitudinal side 14 an extension 15 and on its other longitudinal side 16 a reciprocally thereto recess 17. The extensions 15 and the recesses 17 have seen from above trapezoidal shape. When installed, the extensions 15 each engage in the recess 17 of the adjacent threshold body 1.

The width b of the sleeper body 1 in the longitudinal direction I of the roadway is slightly smaller than the distance d successive threshold fasteners 8. Thus, a gap 18 is formed between successive threshold bodies 1, which can be filled by an elastic material which as a profile on the long sides 14th , 16 of the threshold body 1 may be applied.

The two longitudinal end portions 19 of the threshold body 1 are each formed lowered and have a receptacle 20 for a bolt, which may be guided in the receptacles 20 in particular slidably. The height h ₃ of the portions 19 coincides with the height h ₂ of the lateral portions. 3

Due to the reduced height h _{2 of} the two lateral sections 3, material for the sleeper body 1 and thus costs are saved. The same applies to the sections 19, the height h _{3 is} also smaller than the height h _{1 of} the central portion 2. By this cost reduction, it is possible, the threshold with a relatively large width b, in particular approximately the distance of successive rail fasteners 8 corresponding width without excessively increasing costs compared to conventional thresholds. The broadening of the threshold has the advantage that the threshold is less easily rotatable about its longitudinal axis. A rotation of the threshold about a vertical axis is also made more difficult by the teeth due to the projections 15 engaging in the recesses 17. In addition, the extensions 15 also counteract a rotation of the threshold about its longitudinal axis.

Further advantages result from the complete coverage of the substructure 12.

Fig. 4 shows the anchoring of a threshold. In the receptacles 20, a bolt 22 is used for this purpose, which is guided in the receptacle 20 slidably. The receptacle 20 is formed by a poured into the sleeper body 1 metal or plastic tube 23. The bolt 22 is preferably made of metal. The receptacle 20 is formed as a passage opening and closed on the top with a plug 24. The bolt 22 can thereby move unhindered in the receptacle 20.

The portion of the bolt 22 projecting downwards beyond the receptacle 20 engages in a recess 25 in the substructure 12. The recess 25 is filled with a potting compound 26, which is liquid when the bolt 22 is introduced. Until the curing of the potting compound 26 of the sleeper body 1 with the bolt 22 and thus the track is determined by known means. After sufficient curing of the threshold body 1 is secured by the bolt 22 against lateral displacement.

The bolt 22 may be formed relatively small in cross section, since each threshold two such bolts 22 are provided. Correspondingly small, the recess 25 may be formed in the base 12. It can therefore be introduced by simple measures such as milling in the substructure 12.

An embodiment of the fixing device as a spindle device for the spindling of the track to the required strength of the lower casting makes it possible to adjust the height of the sill and thus of the track, and to insert a lower casting.

Fig. 5 shows the construction of a railroad track with a threshold according to the invention. On a hydraulically bound support layer 27, an asphalt or concrete bearing layer 28 is applied. On the asphalt or concrete base layer 28 are the stepped sleeper body 1, which in turn carry the rails 9. The structure is mirror-symmetrical to the plane II.

Between the two rails 9 and on the two outer sides of the two rails 9 soundproofing body 29 are arranged. The soundproofing bodies 29 are supported on the lowered sections 3 and 19 of the threshold body 1. They have on their underside a foam rubber 30 or a similar material to dampen movement of the soundproofing body 29 and to prevent displacement. The two sides of the railroad track are provided with a ballast cover 31 which, like the hydraulically bound support layer 27, builds up on the ground, in particular a layer protection layer or an antifreeze layer 32.

At the in Fig. 7 illustrated railroad track according to the invention thresholds 1 are introduced into a ballast bed 33, which in turn builds on a layer protection layer or an antifreeze layer 32. At the in Fig. 8 illustrated variant of the rail track is applied to the substrate 32, a concrete support layer 28 directly. Between concrete support layer 28 and the thresholds 1 is an asphalt layer or a bituminous Potting compound 34 is provided in order to provide the most level possible support surface for the thresholds 1.

In the Fig. 9 illustrated variant of a railroad track is in practice with the variant of Fig. 5 match. That is, the asphalt base layer 28 is here applied to a hydraulically bound or an unbonded support layer 27, which in turn is supported on the substrate, in particular a layer protection layer or an antifreeze layer 32. Between Asphalttragschicht 28 and the thresholds 1 may be provided a bituminous potting compound.

At the in Fig. 10 Finally, an asphalt base layer 28 is applied directly to the substrate 32, wherein the asphalt base layer 28 is preferably constructed of several layers and ends up with an asphalt fine concrete layer. Or it is provided between asphalt base course 28 and the thresholds 1 again a bituminous potting compound.

In all illustrated variants of the rail track, the threshold according to the invention can be used with advantage. It covers the substructure 12 largely completely, thereby preventing damage from sunlight. Likewise, water is drained and kept away from the base 12. The substructure 12 may also be simpler in construction due to the characteristics of the threshold according to the invention. In particular, the individual parts of the substructure 12, such as asphalt base layer 28 or concrete base layer 28, as well as hydraulically bound or unbound base layer 27 may have a smaller height. Also, the threshold may be a reduced length compared to normal thresholds have, for example, 2.60 m, so that the substructure 12 may be formed correspondingly narrower. This is due to the good power distribution due to the inventive design of the threshold body 1. The introduced via the rails 9 forces are namely distributed by the thresholds 1 according to the invention to a larger area.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

sleeper body

2

middle section

3

lateral section

4

Sidewall of 1

5

Top of 3

6

Top of 2

7

Schienenauflagerfläche

8th

rail fastening

9

rail

10

fleece

11

Bottom of 1

12

substructure

13

recess

14

Long side of 1

15

extension

16

Long side of 1

17

recess

18

gap

19

Section of 1

20

admission

21

Top of 19

22

bolt

23

shell

24

Graft

25

recess

26

sealing compound

27

hydraulically bound / unbound base course

28

Asphalt or concrete wearing course

29

Sound insulation body

30

Foam rubber layer

31

gravel cover

32

underground

33

ballast

34

sealing compound

I

Roadway longitudinal direction

II

mirror plane

α

angle

b

Width of 1

d

distance

Claims (8)

1. A railway track, in particular a permanent way, having a substructure (12) and sleepers which are arranged on the substructure (12) and which have solid sleeper bodies (1), which are in particular in one piece, which extend transversely to the way in the installed state, whose upper sides (6) have support surfaces (7) for the rails (9) and whose lower sides (11) are made for support on the substructure (12), wherein the sleeper body (1) each has a mount (20) for an anchorage bolt (22) fixed in the substructure (12) in its two end regions (19) at the sides, and wherein the section of the bolt (22) projecting downwardly beyond the mount (20) engages into a recess (25) in the substructure (12),
   characterised in that
   the mount (20) is made so that the anchorage bolt (22) can be displaceably guided in its longitudinal direction.
2. A railway track in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the mount (20) is made as a passage opening.
3. A railway track in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the mount (20) is formed by a sleeve (23) cast into the sleeper body (1).
4. A railway track in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the sleeper body (1) has a respective recessed section in its two end regions (19) at the sides and its height (h₃) is smaller than the height (h₁) of the middle section (2) beneath the track fastenings (8).
5. A railway track in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterised by a concrete support layer (28) and by sleepers arranged on the concrete support layer (28) and bearing the rails or by an asphalt support layer (28) and by sleepers arranged on the asphalt support layer (28) and bearing the rails (9).
6. A method for the manufacture of a railway track, in particular a permanent way, having sleepers arranged on a substructure (12) characterised by the following steps:

   use of sleepers which each have a mount (20) in their regions (19) at the ends viewed with respect to the longitudinal direction of the sleepers with a bolt (22) being able to be displaceably guided in its longitudinal direction in said mounts; introduction of recesses (25) into the substructure (12) of the sleepers in the region of the mounts (20); filling casting material (26) into the recesses (25); insertion of a respective anchorage bolt into the mounts (20); fixing the sleeper body (1) by introduction of the bolts (22) into the liquid casting material (26); and fixing the sleeper for so long until the casting material (26) has hardened.
7. A method in accordance with claim 6, characterised in that the mounts (20) are made as passage openings and the casting material (26) is introduced into the recesses (25) of the substructure (12) through the passage opening.
8. A method in accordance with claim 6 or claim 7, characterised in that the anchorage bolts (22) are inserted into every second to sixth sleeper.

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