EP1181346B1 - Nichtwässrige flüssige geschirrreinigungsmittel - Google Patents
Nichtwässrige flüssige geschirrreinigungsmittel Download PDFInfo
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- EP1181346B1 EP1181346B1 EP00935097A EP00935097A EP1181346B1 EP 1181346 B1 EP1181346 B1 EP 1181346B1 EP 00935097 A EP00935097 A EP 00935097A EP 00935097 A EP00935097 A EP 00935097A EP 1181346 B1 EP1181346 B1 EP 1181346B1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/43—Solvents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0004—Non aqueous liquid compositions comprising insoluble particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2068—Ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
- C11D3/2086—Hydroxy carboxylic acids-salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
- C11D3/2041—Dihydric alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
- C11D3/2065—Polyhydric alcohols
Definitions
- the present invention relates to non-aqueous dishwashing detergents based on non-surfactant, water-soluble liquids, which optionally contain bleaching agents, Bleach activators, enzymes and other ingredients of automatic dishwashing detergents contain.
- European patent application EP 518 721 (Colgate-Palmolive Company) describes, for example, non-aqueous, liquid dishwashing detergents which contain protease and amylase and, optionally, a thickening system composed of clay minerals, hydroxypropyl cellulose and polyacrylate polymers.
- the liquid matrix which makes up 40 to 65% by weight of the compositions, consists of higher glycols, in particular polyethylene glycols.
- the settling behavior is controlled by a stabilization system that contains silicate.
- the agents also contain large amounts of nonionic surfactants.
- the use of glycerol is neither mentioned nor suggested in this document.
- European patent application EP 611 206 (Colgate-Palmolive Company) also describes non-aqueous liquid dishwasher detergents containing protease and amylase, which contain 5 to 25% by weight of a polymeric swelling or gelling agent (for example polypropylene glycols), 0.1 to 10 wt .-% hydroxypropyl cellulose polymer and optionally contain polyacrylate polymer.
- a polymeric swelling or gelling agent for example polypropylene glycols
- the agents disclosed in this document also contain large amounts of nonionic surfactants.
- the use of glycerin is also not mentioned or suggested in this document.
- Enzymes and an enzyme stabilization system made of boric acid and polyhydroxy compounds are described in international patent application WO93 / 21299 (Procter & Gamble) described.
- the agents disclosed here also contain 0.1 to 10% by weight of one or several thickeners.
- liquid dish detergents based on a liquid matrix are made up of glycerin and polyethylene glycols which are liquid at room temperature fulfill the specified requirement profile.
- the liquid matrix can optionally be supplemented by diols be, with 1,2-propanediol is particularly suitable.
- free water denotes the water content of the agent, which is not in the form is bound by water of hydration and / or constitutional water, i.e. in the media as a component the liquid matrix is present. According to the invention, this is 2% by weight or below, preferably below 1.5% by weight, particularly preferably below 1% by weight and in particular even less than 0.5% by weight, each based on the composition. Through a Corresponding free water content marked detergent compositions are therefore preferred. Accordingly, water can essentially only in chemically and / or physically bound form or as part of the solid existing raw materials or compounds, but not as a liquid, solution or dispersion be contained in the compositions according to the invention.
- the compositions according to the invention have a total water content of not more than 15% by weight, so this water is not in liquid, free form, but is chemically and / or physically bound, and it is particularly preferred is that the content of water not bound to carbonates and / or silicates in the compositions according to the invention not more than 10% by weight and in particular is not more than 7% by weight.
- water-containing liquids can be used, provided that they are added an "internal desiccant", for example a hydratable substance in a non-hydrated one Form, the free water content kept below the specified limit becomes.
- Water-soluble builders are used in the compositions according to the invention mainly used to bind calcium and magnesium.
- Usual builder in the frame of the invention preferably in amounts of 22.5 to 45% by weight, preferably 25 up to 40% by weight and in particular from 27.5 to 35% by weight, in each case based on the detergent composition, are present are the low molecular weight polycarboxylic acids and their salts, the homopolymeric and copolymeric polycarboxylic acids and their salts, the Carbonates, phosphates and sodium and potassium silicates.
- Low molecular weight polycarboxylic acids for the purposes of the present invention are substances which have two or more carboxyl functions wear and report molecular weights below 2000.
- This group includes in particular the acids and their salts mentioned below: tartaric acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, Adipic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid and in particular citric acid.
- Sokalan® DCS (trademark of BASF), a mixture of succinic acid, can be used (max. 31% by weight), glutaric acid (max. 50% by weight) and adipic acid (max. 33% by weight).
- Trisodium citrate is preferred for the cleaning agents according to the invention and / or pentasodium tripolyphosphate and silicate builders from the class of alkali disilicates used.
- the potassium salts are the sodium salts preferable, since they often have a higher water solubility.
- preferred Water-soluble builders are, for example, tripotassium citrate, potassium carbonate and Potassium water glasses.
- Particularly preferred detergent compositions contain as water-soluble Builders phosphates, preferably alkali metal phosphates with particular preference of pentasodium or pentapotassium triphosphate (sodium or potassium tripolyphosphate).
- water-soluble Builders phosphates preferably alkali metal phosphates with particular preference of pentasodium or pentapotassium triphosphate (sodium or potassium tripolyphosphate).
- Alkali metal phosphates is the general term for the alkali metal (especially sodium and potassium) salts of the various phosphoric acids, in which one can differentiate between metaphosphoric acids (HPO 3 ) n and orthophosphoric acid H 3 PO 4 in addition to higher molecular weight representatives.
- the phosphates combine several advantages: they act as alkali carriers, prevent limescale deposits and also contribute to cleaning performance.
- Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH 2 PO 4 exists as a dihydrate (density 1.91 gcm -3 , melting point 60 °) and as a monohydrate (density 2.04 gcm -3 ). Both salts are white, water-soluble powders that lose water of crystallization when heated and at 200 ° C into the weakly acidic diphosphate (disodium hydrogen diphosphate, Na 2 H 2 P 2 O 7 ), at higher temperature in sodium trimetaphosphate (Na 3 P 3 O 9 ) and Maddrell's salt (see below).
- NaH 2 PO 4 is acidic; it arises when phosphoric acid is adjusted to a pH of 4.5 with sodium hydroxide solution and the mash is sprayed.
- Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (primary or monobasic potassium phosphate, potassium biphosphate, KDP), KH 2 PO 4 , is a white salt with a density of 2.33 gcm -3 , has a melting point of 253 ° [decomposition to form potassium polyphosphate (KPO 3 ) x ] and is light soluble in water.
- Disodium hydrogen phosphate (secondary sodium phosphate), Na 2 HPO 4 , is a colorless, very easily water-soluble crystalline salt. It exists anhydrous and with 2 mol. (Density 2.066 gcm -3 , water loss at 95 °), 7 mol. (Density 1.68 gcm -3 , melting point 48 ° with loss of 5 H 2 O) and 12 mol. Water ( Density 1.52 gcm -3 , melting point 35 ° with loss of 5 H 2 O), becomes anhydrous at 100 ° and changes to diphosphate Na 4 P 2 O 7 when heated more strongly. Disodium hydrogen phosphate is prepared by neutralizing phosphoric acid with soda solution using phenolphthalein as an indicator. Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (secondary or dibasic potassium phosphate), K 2 HPO 4 , is an amorphous, white salt that is easily soluble in water.
- Trisodium phosphate, tertiary sodium phosphate, Na 3 PO 4 are colorless crystals which, as dodecahydrate, have a density of 1.62 gcm -3 and a melting point of 73-76 ° C (decomposition), as decahydrate (corresponding to 19-20% P 2 O 5 ) have a melting point of 100 ° C and in anhydrous form (corresponding to 39-40% P 2 O 5 ) a density of 2.536 gcm -3 .
- Trisodium phosphate is readily soluble in water with an alkaline reaction and is produced by evaporating a solution of exactly 1 mol of disodium phosphate and 1 mol of NaOH.
- Tripotassium phosphate (tertiary or triphase potassium phosphate), K 3 PO 4 , is a white, deliquescent, granular powder with a density of 2.56 gcm -3 , has a melting point of 1340 ° and is easily soluble in water with an alkaline reaction. It arises, for example, when heating Thomas slag with coal and potassium sulfate. Despite the higher price, the more soluble, therefore highly effective, potassium phosphates are often preferred over corresponding sodium compounds in the cleaning agent industry.
- Tetrasodium diphosphate (sodium pyrophosphate), Na 4 P 2 O 7 , exists in anhydrous form (density 2.534 gcm -3 , melting point 988 °, also stated 880 °) and as decahydrate (density 1.815-1.836 gcm -3 , melting point 94 ° with loss of water) , Substances are colorless crystals that are soluble in water with an alkaline reaction.
- Na 4 P 2 O 7 is formed by heating disodium phosphate to> 200 ° or by reacting phosphoric acid with soda in a stoichiometric ratio and dewatering the solution by spraying.
- the decahydrate complexes heavy metal salts and hardness formers and therefore reduces the hardness of the water.
- Potassium diphosphate potassium pyrophosphate
- K 4 P 2 O 7 exists in the form of the trihydrate and is a colorless, hygroscopic powder with a density of 2.33 gcm -3 , which is soluble in water, the pH value being 1% Solution at 25 ° is 10.4.
- Sodium and potassium phosphates in which one can differentiate cyclic representatives, the sodium or potassium metaphosphates and chain-like types, the sodium or potassium polyphosphates. A large number of terms are used in particular for the latter: melt or glow phosphates, Graham's salt, Kurrol's and Maddrell's salt. All higher sodium and potassium phosphates are collectively referred to as condensed phosphates.
- pentasodium triphosphate Na 5 P 3 O 10 (sodium tripolyphosphate)
- sodium tripolyphosphate sodium tripolyphosphate
- n 3
- Approx. 17 g of the salt free from water of crystallization dissolve in 100 g of water at room temperature, approx. 20 g at 60 ° and around 32 g at 100 °; After heating the solution at 100 ° for two hours, hydrolysis produces about 8% orthophosphate and 15% diphosphate.
- pentasodium triphosphate In the production of pentasodium triphosphate, phosphoric acid is reacted with sodium carbonate solution or sodium hydroxide solution in a stoichiometric ratio and the solution is dewatered by spraying. Similar to Graham's salt and sodium diphosphate, pentasodium triphosphate dissolves many insoluble metal compounds (including lime soaps, etc.).
- Sodium tripolyphosphate can be contained in the agents according to the invention, but it is also possible to forego its use and other water-soluble builders, especially potassium phosphates.
- the content of the agents according to the invention Sodium tripolyphosphate is in preferred means between 0 and 20% by weight, especially preferably between 0 and 15% by weight.
- Pentapotassium triphosphate K 5 P 3 O 10 (potassium tripolyphosphate), is commercially available, for example, in the form of a 50% strength by weight solution (> 23% P 2 O 5 , 25% K 2 O).
- the potassium polyphosphates are widely used in the detergent and cleaning agent industry.
- Potassium tripolyphosphate is a particularly preferred builder in the context of the present invention, which is used in preferred compositions in amounts of 15 to 40% by weight.
- Particularly preferred agents contain 20 to 35% by weight of potassium tripolyphosphate, in particular contents of 22.5 to 30% by weight are preferred.
- compositions according to the invention contain a liquid matrix made up of glycerin, one or more at room temperature liquid polyethylene glycols and optionally 1,2-propanediol.
- Glycerin is a colorless, clear, difficult to move, odorless, sweet-tasting hygroscopic liquid with a density of 1.261 that solidifies at 18.2 ° C. Glycerin was originally only a by-product of fat saponification, but is now technically synthesized in large quantities. Most technical processes are based on propene, which is processed into glycerol via the intermediate stages allyl chloride and epichlorohydrin. Another technical process is the hydroxylation of allyl alcohol with hydrogen peroxide at the WO 3 contact via the glycide stage.
- glycerol is a particularly preferred one Part of the liquid matrix.
- the content of preferred detergent compositions of glycerin is 1.25 to 24% by weight, preferably 2 to 17.5% by weight and in particular 4 to 16 wt .-%, each based on the composition.
- Polyethylene glycols which can be used according to the invention are polymers of ethylene glycol which have the general formula I H- (O-CH 2 -CH 2 ) n -OH are sufficient, where n can have values between 1 (ethylene glycol) and approx. 16.
- the decisive factor in evaluating whether a polyethylene glycol can be used according to the invention is the physical state of the PEG at room temperature, ie the freezing point of the PEG must be below 25 ° C. There are various nomenclatures for polyethylene glycols that can lead to confusion.
- PEG average relative molecular weight
- Polyethylene glycols are commercially available, for example, under the trade names Carbowax® PEG 200 (Union Carbide), Emkapol® 200 (ICI Americas), Lipoxol® 200 MED (HÜLS America), Polyglycol® E-200 (Dow Chemical), Alkapol® PEG 300 (Rhone-Poulenc), Lutrol® E300 (BASF) and the corresponding trade names with higher Numbers.
- PEG 400 is used with particular preference, optionally with other of the above and below optional ingredients the liquid matrix can be mixed.
- Preferred agents have a content PEG 400, which is 6 to 37.5% by weight, preferably 8 to 27.5% by weight and in particular 12 to 24 wt .-% is.
- 1,3-propanediol trimethylene glycol
- 1,2-propanediol is a neutral, colorless and odorless, sweet-tasting Liquid with a density of 1.0597 that solidifies at -32 ° C and boils at 214 ° C.
- 1,3-propanediol succeeds from acrolein and water with subsequent catalytic Hydrogenation.
- 1,2-propanediol (propylene glycol), which is an oily, colorless, almost odorless liquid, density 1.0381, which - 60 ° C solidifies and boils at 188 ° C.
- 1,2-propanediol is made from propylene oxide ° C solidifies and boils at 188 ° C.
- 1,2-propanediol is made from propylene oxide by adding water manufactured.
- 1,2-propanediol is preferred in the context of the present invention Part of the liquid matrix to be used.
- 1,2-propanediol is used according to the invention optionally used and can be used in amounts of up to 20% by weight in the compositions according to the invention be included.
- Preferred compositions contain 0.5 to 18 % By weight, preferably 1.5 to 12.5% by weight and in particular 4 to 11% by weight of 1,2-propanediol.
- liquid matrixes can be used, for example, in quantities from 0 to 5% by weight, preferably in amounts of 0.5 to 2.5% by weight become.
- particularly preferred liquid matrixes consist only of glycerin and PEG or from mixtures of 1,2-propanediol and PEG and glycerin.
- Particularly preferred Detergent compositions are characterized in that they are 1.5 to 22.5% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 20% by weight and in particular 5 to 15% by weight of glycerol, 5 to 35% by weight, preferably 7.5 to 30% by weight and in particular 10 to 20% by weight a polyethylene glycol mixture which is liquid at room temperature and 0 to 17.5% by weight, preferably 1 to 15% by weight and in particular 2.5 to 10% by weight of 1,2-propanediol contain.
- the detergent compositions according to the invention can be used as a further ingredient (s) optionally contain 0.05 to 5% by weight of one or more surfactants.
- the detergent compositions preferably additionally contain nonionic (s) and / or anionic (s) surfactant (s), preferably nonionic (s) surfactant (s) in amounts of 0.1 to 4% by weight, preferably from 0.15 to 3% by weight and in particular from 0.2 to 2 % By weight, based in each case on the detergent composition.
- the nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or can contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals.
- EO ethylene oxide
- alcohol ethoxylates with linear residues of alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example from coconut, palm, tallow fat or oleyl alcohol, and an average of 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are particularly preferred.
- the preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C 12-14 alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C 9-11 alcohol with 7 EO, C 13-15 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C 12-18 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures thereof, such as mixtures of C 12-14 alcohol with 3 EO and C 12-18 alcohol with 5 EO.
- the degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product.
- Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE).
- fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.
- nonionic surfactants either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants are used are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated Fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, especially fatty acid methyl esters.
- alkyl polyglycosides Another class of nonionic surfactants that can be used advantageously are the alkyl polyglycosides (APG).
- Alkypolyglycosides that can be used satisfy the general formula RO (G) z , in which R denotes a linear or branched, in particular methyl-branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms and G is the Is symbol which stands for a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably for glucose.
- the degree of glycosidation z is between 1.0 and 4.0, preferably between 1.0 and 2.0 and in particular between 1.1 and 1.4.
- Linear alkyl polyglucosides ie alkyl polyglycosides, in which the polyglycosyl radical is a glucose radical and the alkyl radical is an n-alkyl radical are preferably used.
- the compositions according to the invention can preferably contain alkyl polyglycosides, with APG contents of more than 0.2% by weight, based on the total composition, being preferred.
- nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides can be suitable.
- the amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, especially not more than half of it.
- Suitable surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (II), in which RCO stands for an aliphatic acyl radical with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R 1 for hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] for a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical with 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups.
- the polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride.
- the group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (III) in which R represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R 1 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R 2 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxyalkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, C 1-4 -alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred and [Z] being a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated Derivatives of this rest.
- R represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms
- R 1 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical
- [Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
- a reduced sugar for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose.
- the N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then, for example according to the teaching of international application WO-A-95/ 07331, be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst.
- Preferred anionic surfactants are those of the sulfonate and sulfate type.
- Preferred surfactants of the sulfonate type are C 9-13 alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkylene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates, and also disulfonates such as are obtained, for example, from C 12-18 monoolefins with a terminal or internal double bond by sulfonating with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products.
- alkanesulfonates obtained from C 12-18 alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization.
- the esters of ⁇ -sulfofatty acids for example the ⁇ -sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, are also suitable.
- alk (en) yl sulfates are the alkali and especially the sodium salts of the sulfuric acid half esters of C 12 -C 18 fatty alcohols, for example from coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C 10 -C 20 oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of this chain length are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) yl sulfates of the chain length mentioned, which contain a synthetic, petrochemical-based straight-chain alkyl radical which have a degradation behavior analogous to that of the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials.
- C 12 -C 16 alkyl sulfates and C 12 -C 15 alkyl sulfates as well as C 14 -C 15 alkyl sulfates are preferred from the point of view of washing technology.
- 2,3-Alkyl sulfates which are produced, for example, according to US Pat. Nos. 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 and can be obtained as commercial products from the Shell Oil Company under the name DAN®, are also suitable anionic surfactants.
- compositions according to the invention with regard to the intended use of automatic dishwashing are the nonionic surfactants described above, and above all the low-foaming nonionic surfactants.
- the alkoxylated alcohols are particularly preferred, especially the ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alcohols.
- alkoxylated alcohols the reaction products of alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide, with alcohols, preferably in the sense of the present invention the longer-chain alcohols (C 10 to C 18 , preferably between C 12 and C 16 , such as C 11 -, C 12 -, C 13 -, C 14 -, C 15 -, C 16 -, C 17 - and C 18 -alcohols).
- C 10 to C 18 preferably between C 12 and C 16 , such as C 11 -, C 12 -, C 13 -, C 14 -, C 15 -, C 16 -, C 17 - and C 18 -alcohols.
- a complex mixture of addition products of different degrees of ethoxylation is formed from n moles of ethylene oxide and one mole of alcohol, depending on the reaction conditions.
- a further embodiment consists in the use of mixtures of the alkylene oxides, preferably the mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
- final etherification with short-chain alkyl groups such as preferably the butyl group, can also give the class of "closed" alcohol ethoxylates, which can also be used for the purposes of the invention.
- very particularly preferred are highly ethoxylated fatty alcohols or their mixtures with end-capped fatty alcohol ethoxylates.
- liquid detergent compositions according to the invention can be used for adjustment a possibly desired higher viscosity viscosity regulator or thickener contain. All known thickeners can be used here those based on natural or synthetic polymers.
- Polymers derived from nature that are used as thickeners are, for example, agar-agar, carrageenan, tragacanth, acacia, alginates, pectins, polyoses, guar flour, locust bean gum, starch, dextrins, gelatin and casein.
- Modified natural products come primarily from the group of modified starches and celluloses, examples include carboxymethyl cellulose and other cellulose ethers, hydroxyethyl and propyl cellulose and core meal ether.
- thickeners that are widely used in a wide variety of applications are the fully synthetic polymers such as polyacrylic and polymethacrylic compounds, vinyl polymers, polycarboxylic acids, polyethers, polyimines, polyamides and polyurethanes.
- Thickeners from the classes of substances mentioned are widely available commercially and are sold, for example, under the trade names Acusol®-820 (Methacrylic acid (stearyl alcohol-20-EO) ester-acrylic acid copolymer, 30% in water, Rohm & Haas), Dapral®-GT-282-S (alkyl polyglycol ether, Akzo), Deuterol®-Polymer-11 (Dicarboxylic acid copolymer, Schönes GmbH), Deuteron®-XG (anionic Heteropolysaccharide based on ⁇ -D-glucose, D-manose, D-glucuronic acid, more beautiful GmbH), Deuteron®-XN (non-ionic polysaccharide, Schönes GmbH), Dicrylan®-Thickener-O (ethylene oxide adduct, 50% in water / isopropanol, Pfersse Chemistry), EMA®-81 and EMA®-91 (ethylene-maleic anhydride copo
- a preferred polymeric thickener is xanthan, a microbial anionic heteropolysaccharide that is produced by Xanthomonas campestris and some other species under aerobic conditions and has a molecular weight of 2 to 15 million daltons.
- Xanthan is formed from a chain with ⁇ -1,4-bound glucose (cellulose) with side chains.
- the structure of the subgroups consists of glucose, mannose, glucuronic acid, acetate and pyruvate, the number of pyruvate units determining the viscosity of the xanthan.
- Xanthan can be described by the following formula:
- thickeners to be used preferably as well are polyurethanes or modified polyacrylates, which, based on the total Agents, for example in amounts of 0.1 to 5 wt .-% can be used.
- Polyurethanes are produced by polyaddition from dihydric and higher alcohols and isocyanates and can be described by the general formula III in which R 1 is a low molecular weight or polymeric diol radical, R 2 is an aliphatic or aromatic group and n is a natural number.
- R 1 is preferably a linear or branched C 2-12 alk (en) yl group, but can also be a residue of a higher alcohol, whereby cross-linked polyurethanes are formed which differ from the above formula I in that the R 1 further -O-CO-NH groups are bound.
- TDI 2,4- or 2,6-toluenediisocyanate
- MDI C 6 H 4 -CH 2 -C 6 H 4
- HMDI, R 2 (CH 2 ) 6 ].
- polyurethane-based thickeners are, for example, among the Acrysol®PM 12 V (mixture of 3-5% modified starch and 14-16% PUR resin in water, Rohm & Haas), Borchigel® L75-N (non-ionic PUR dispersion, 50% in Water, Borchers), Coatex® BR-100-P (PUR dispersion, 50% in water / butylglycol, Dimed), Nopco® DSX-1514 (PUR dispersion, 40% in water / butyltrigylcol, Henkel-Nopco), Thickener QR 1001 (20% PUR emulsion in water / digylcol ether, Rohm & Haas) and Rilanit® VPW-3116 (PUR dispersion, 43% in water, Henkel).
- Acrysol®PM 12 V mixture of 3-5% modified starch and 14-16% PUR resin in water, Rohm & Haas
- Borchigel® L75-N non-ionic
- Modified polyacrylates which can be used in the context of the present invention are derived, for example, from acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and can be described by the general formula IV in which R 3 is H or a branched or unbranched C 1-4 alk- (en) yl radical, X is NR 5 or O, R 4 is an optionally alkoxylated branched or unbranched, possibly substituted C 8-22 alk ( en) yl radical, R 5 is H or R 4 and n is a natural number.
- Such modified polyacrylates are generally esters or amides of acrylic acid or an ⁇ -substituted acrylic acid. Preferred among these polymers are those in which R 3 represents H or a methyl group.
- the two hydrocarbon radicals which are bonded to the N atom being independent of one another can be selected from optionally alkoxylated branched or unbranched C 8-22 alk (en) yl radicals.
- the designation of the radicals bound to X represents a statistical mean, which can vary in individual cases with regard to chain length or degree of alkoxylation.
- Formula II only provides formulas for idealized homopolymers. However, copolymers in which the proportion of monomer units which satisfy the formula II is at least 30% by weight can also be used in the context of the present invention. For example, copolymers of modified polyacrylates and acrylic acid or salts thereof which still have acidic H atoms or basic --COO - groups can also be used.
- Modified polyacrylates which are preferably used in the context of the present invention are polyacrylate-polymethacrylate copolymers which satisfy the formula IVa in which R 4 is a preferably unbranched, saturated or unsaturated C 8-22 alk (en) yl radical, R 6 and R 7 independently of one another are H or CH 3 , the degree of polymerization n is a natural number and the degree of alkoxylation a is a natural number is between 2 and 30, preferably between 10 and 20.
- Products of the formula IVa are commercially available, for example, under the name Acusol® 820 (Rohm & Haas) in the form of 30% by weight dispersions in water.
- R 4 is a stearyl radical
- R 6 is a hydrogen atom
- R 7 is H or CH 3 and the degree of ethoxylation a is 20.
- Preferred detergent compositions in the context of the present invention are characterized in that they additionally contain 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 4% by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 to 3% by weight and in particular 0, 5 to 1.5% by weight of a polymeric thickener, preferably from the group of the polyurethanes or the modified polyacrylates, with particular preference for thickeners of the formula IV in which R 3 represents H or a branched or unbranched C 1-4 alk (en) yl radical, X represents NR 5 or O, R 4 represents an optionally alkoxylated branched or unbranched, possibly substituted C 8-22 alk (en ) yl radical, R 5 is H or R 4 and n is a natural number.
- the viscosity of the agents according to the invention can be determined using customary standard methods (for example Brookfield viscometer LVT-II measured at 20 rpm and 20 ° C, spindle 3) are and is preferably in the range of 500 to 5000 mPas.
- Preferred detergent compositions have viscosities from 1000 to 4000 mPas with values between 1300 and 3000 mPas are particularly preferred.
- the pH of the undiluted products according to the invention is preferably in one Range from 6 to 11, particularly preferably between 7 and 10 and in particular between 7.5 and 9.
- agents according to the invention can contain further ingredients that make up the application technology and / or aesthetic properties of the detergent compositions continue to improve.
- Detergent compositions continue one or more substances from the Group of bleaching agents, bleach activators, electrolytes, non-aqueous solvents, pH adjusting agents, Fragrances, dyes, enzymes and enzyme stabilizers.
- bleaching agents which can be used are, for example, sodium percarbonate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H 2 O 2 -producing peracidic salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperic acid or diperdodecanedioic acid.
- Bleaching agents from the group of organic bleaching agents can also be used.
- Typical organic bleaching agents are the diacyl peroxides, such as dibenzoyl peroxide.
- organic bleaching agents are peroxy acids, examples of which include alkyl peroxy acids and aryl peroxy acids.
- Preferred representatives are (a) the peroxybenzoic acid and its ring-substituted derivatives, such as alkylperoxybenzoic acids, but also peroxy- ⁇ -naphthoic acid and magnesium monoperphthalate, (b) the aliphatic or substituted aliphatic peroxyacids, such as peroxylauric acid, peroxystearic acid, ⁇ -phthalimidoperoxyaloacidoperoxycaproic acid (P ⁇ ) )], o-carboxybenzamidoperoxycaproic acid, N-nonenylamidoperadipinic acid and N-nonenylamidopersuccinate, and (c) aliphatic and araliphatic peroxydicarboxylic acids, such as 1,12-diperoxycarboxylic acid, 1,9-diperoxyazelaic acid, diperocysebac
- Chlorine or bromine-releasing substances can also be used as bleaching agents.
- Suitable chlorine or bromine releasing materials include, for example heterocyclic N-bromo- and N-chloramides, for example trichloroisocyanuric acid, Tribromo isocyanuric acid, dibromo isocyanuric acid and / or dichloroisocyanuric acid (DICA) and / or their salts with cations such as potassium and sodium.
- Hydantoin compounds such as 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydanthoin are also suitable.
- Preferred detergent compositions in the context of the present invention also contain bleach; preferably bleaching agents based on oxygen particular preference for sodium perborate monohydrate and sodium percarbonate, in Amounts from 2.5 to 25% by weight, preferably from 5 to 20% by weight and in particular from 7.5 to 15 wt .-%, each based on the composition.
- bleaching agents based on oxygen particular preference for sodium perborate monohydrate and sodium percarbonate in Amounts from 2.5 to 25% by weight, preferably from 5 to 20% by weight and in particular from 7.5 to 15 wt .-%, each based on the composition.
- bleach activators can be compounds that are under perhydrolysis conditions aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids with preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid, be used.
- Substances containing the O- and / or N-acyl groups are suitable mentioned number of carbon atoms and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
- TAED tetraacety
- bleaching catalysts can be incorporated into the moldings.
- these fabrics are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo salt complexes or carbonyl complexes.
- Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing ones Tripod ligands as well as Co, Fe, Cu and Ru amine complexes are used as bleaching catalysts usable.
- Preferred detergent compositions in the context of the present invention additionally contain one or more bleach activators, preferably from the group the O- and / or N-acylated alcohols or amines with particular preference from Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), n- or iso-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), 1,2,3-triacetoxypropane, n-methyl-morpholinium-acetonitrile-methyl sulfate (MMA) and mixtures thereof, in amounts of 1 to 15% by weight, preferably 2 to 12% by weight and in particular from 4 to 8% by weight.
- TAED Tetraacetylethylenediamine
- n- or iso-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate n- or iso-NOBS
- 1,2,3-triacetoxypropane 1,2,3-triacetoxypropane
- MMA n-methyl-morpholinium-acetonitrile-
- the detergent compositions according to the invention can be used as further ingredients enzymes to improve the cleaning performance of certain contaminants or contain enzyme preparations.
- the detergent compositions Enzymes and / or enzyme preparations, preferably protease (s) and / or amylase (s), for example in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight, preferably of 1.5 to 4.5 and in particular from 2 to 4% by weight, in each case based on the detergent composition, can be added to increase the performance of the cleaning agents or to guarantee cleaning performance of the same quality under milder conditions.
- Enzymes in particular come from the class of proteases, lipases, amylases, Cellulases or their mixtures in question.
- Bacterial strains are particularly suitable or mushrooms such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces griseus-derived enzymatic agents.
- Proteases of the subtilisin type are preferred and in particular proteases derived from Bacillus lentus are used.
- Enzyme mixtures for example of protease and amylase or protease and lipase or protease and cellulase or from cellulase and lipase or from protease, Amylase and lipase or protease, lipase and cellulase, but especially those containing cellulase Mixtures of special interest. Also peroxidases or oxidases have proven to be suitable in some cases.
- the enzymes can on carriers adsorbed and / or embedded in coating substances to prevent them from premature decomposition to protect.
- proteases are e.g. B. BLAP®140 from Biozym, Optimase®-M-440 and Opticlean®-M-250 from Solvay Enzymes; Maxacal®CX and Maxapem® or Esperase® from Gist Brocades or Savinase® from Novo.
- Particularly suitable cellulases and lipases are Celluzym® 0.7 T and Lipolase® 30 T from Novo Nordisk.
- Special Termamyl® 60 T and Termamyl® 90 T from the company are used as amylases.
- Amylase-LT® from Solvay Enzymes or Maxamyl® P5000 from Gist Brocades and Purafect OxAm4000G® from Genencor but also other enzymes can be used become.
- liquid enzyme preparations are particularly preferred in the context of the present invention.
- Such liquid enzyme concentrates are either based homogeneously on a propylene glycol / water basis or heterogeneously as a slurry, or are present in a microencapsulated structure.
- Preferred liquid proteases are, for example, Savinase® L, Durazym® L, Esperase® L, and Everlase® from Novo Nordisk, Optimase® L, Purafect® L, Purafect® OX L, Properase® L from Genencor International, and BLAP® L from Biozym Ges.mbH.
- Preferred amylases are Termamyl® L, Duramyl® L, and BAN® from Novo Nordisk, Maxamyl® WL and Purafect @ HPAm L from Genencor International.
- Preferred lipases are Lipolase® L, Lipolase® ultra L and Lipoprime® L from Novo Nordisk and Lipomax® L from Genencor International.
- liquid enzyme preparations contain, for example, 20 to 90% by weight Propylene glycol or mixtures of propylene glycol and water.
- preferred detergent compositions are characterized in that they have one or more liquid amylase preparations and / or one or several liquid protease preparations in amounts of 0.1 to 10 wt .-%, preferably from 0.2 to 7.5% by weight and in particular from 0.5 to 4% by weight.
- detergent compositions which additionally contain enzymes and / or enzyme preparations, preferably solid and / or liquid protease preparations and / or amylase preparations, in amounts from 1 to 5% by weight, preferably from 1.5 to 4.5 and in particular from 2 to 4% by weight, in each case based on the detergent composition, included, are preferred.
- the detergent compositions according to the invention can also - if they contain enzymes - substances are also added that stabilize the enzymes and so on prevent loss of activity. These substances, the selection of which none of the experts Difficulties arise, for example, from the group of shorter-chain carboxylic acids, the hydroxycarboxylic acids, the dicarboxylic acids, the boron compounds, in particular Boric acid, the Ca salts or the polyfunctional amines such as mono-, di- or Triethanolamine.
- Preferred detergent compositions according to the invention have a content of boron compounds, in particular boric acid.
- Particularly preferred Agents contain 0.5 to 3 wt .-% boric acid, in particular 1 to 2 wt .-%, each based on all means.
- Carbonates, hydrogen carbonates and silicates in particular can be used as water-soluble builders which bring the pH of the compositions into the desired range.
- hydrated and anhydrous sodium carbonate, hydrated and anhydrous potassium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, amorphous sodium and potassium silicates and crystalline sodium and potassium silicates have particular advantages.
- Suitable crystalline, layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMSi x O 2x + 1 . H 2 O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4.
- Preferred crystalline layered silicates of the formula given are those in which M represents sodium and x assumes the values 2 or 3.
- M represents sodium
- x assumes the values 2 or 3.
- Amorphous sodium silicates with a modulus Na 2 O: SiO 2 of 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular 1: 2 to 1: 2.6, can also be used are delayed in dissolving and have secondary washing properties.
- the delay in dissolution compared to conventional amorphous sodium silicates can be caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compacting / compression or by overdrying.
- amorphous is also understood to mean “X-ray amorphous”. This means that the silicates in X-ray diffraction experiments do not provide sharp X-ray reflections, as are typical for crystalline substances, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-rays, which have a width of several degree units of the diffraction angle. However, it can very well lead to particularly good builder properties if the silicate particles provide washed-out or even sharp diffraction maxima in electron diffraction experiments. This is to be interpreted as meaning that the products have microcrystalline areas of size 10 to a few hundred nm, values up to max. 50 nm and in particular up to max. 20 nm are preferred. Compacted / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and over-dried X-ray amorphous silicates are particularly preferred.
- Preferred detergent compositions in the context of the present invention additionally contain alkali carriers from the groups of carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, Amorphous and crystalline silicates, especially disilicates, in amounts from 1 to 15 % By weight, preferably from 2 to 12% by weight and in particular from 3 to 9% by weight, in each case based on the detergent composition.
- organic cobuilders in the automatic dishwashing detergents in particular polycarboxylates / polycarboxylic acids, polymeric polycarboxylates, aspartic acid, Polyacetals, dextrins, other organic cobuilders (see below) and Phosphonates are used.
- Useful organic builders are, for example, those in the form of their sodium salts usable polycarboxylic acids, such polycarboxylic acids being among polycarboxylic acids can be understood that carry more than one acid function.
- these are citric acid, Adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, Fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), if one such use is not objectionable for ecological reasons, as well as mixtures from these.
- Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, Succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures of these.
- the acids themselves can also be used.
- the acids have besides theirs Builder effect typically also the property of an acidifying component and serve thus also for setting a lower and milder pH value of cleaning agents.
- Polymeric polycarboxylates are also suitable as builders; these are, for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those with a relative molecular weight of 500 to 70,000 g / mol.
- the molecular weights given for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molecular weights M w of the particular acid form, which were determined in principle by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC), a UV detector being used. The measurement was carried out against an external polyacrylic acid standard, which provides realistic molecular weight values due to its structural relationship to the polymers investigated.
- This information differs significantly from the molecular weight information for which polystyrene sulfonic acids are used as standard.
- the molecular weights measured against polystyrene sulfonic acids are generally significantly higher than the molecular weights given in this document.
- Suitable polymers are in particular polyacrylates, which preferably have a molecular weight of Have 2000 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, this can Group in turn the short-chain polyacrylates, the molecular weights from 2000 to 10000 g / mol, and particularly preferably from 3000 to 5000 g / mol, preferably his.
- copolymeric polycarboxylates especially those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid.
- the 50 to Contain 90 wt .-% acrylic acid and 50 to 10 wt .-% maleic acid As special copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid have proven suitable, the 50 to Contain 90 wt .-% acrylic acid and 50 to 10 wt .-% maleic acid.
- Your relative molecular mass, based on free acids is generally from 2000 to 70,000 g / mol, preferably 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular 30,000 to 40,000 g / mol.
- the (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can either be as a powder or as an aqueous solution be used.
- the content of (co) polymeric polycarboxylates in the agents is preferably 0 to 5% by weight, in particular 0.5 to 2.5% by weight.
- HEDP 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate
- HEDP 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate
- Aminoalkane phosphonates preferably come from ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate (EDTMP), diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonate (DTPMP) and their higher homologues in question. They are preferably in the form of neutral sodium salts, z. B.
- EDTMP hexasodium salt of EDTMP or as the hepta- and octa-sodium salt of DTPMP, used.
- HEDP is preferably used as the builder from the class of the phosphonates.
- the aminoalkanephosphonates also have a pronounced ability to bind heavy metals. Accordingly, especially if the agents also contain bleach, be preferred to use aminoalkanephosphonates, in particular DTPMP, or To use mixtures of the phosphonates mentioned.
- the content of preferred detergent compositions of phosphonates is 0 to 3% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2.5% by weight and in particular 0.2 to 2% by weight.
- a wide number of different salts can be used as the electrolyte.
- Preferred cations are the alkali and alkaline earth metals, preferred anions are the halides and sulfates. From a production point of view, the use of NaCl or MgCl 2 in the compositions according to the invention is preferred.
- the proportion of electrolytes in the agents according to the invention is usually 0.5 to 5% by weight.
- the cleaning agent compositions according to the invention can protect the Items to be washed or the machine contain corrosion inhibitors, especially silver protection agents have a special meaning in the field of automatic dishwashing.
- the known substances of the prior art can be used.
- silver preservatives selected from the group of triazoles, benzotriazoles, the bisbenzotriazoles, the aminotriazoles, the alkylaminotriazoles and the transition metal salts or complexes are used.
- To be used particularly preferably are benzotriazole and / or alkylaminotriazole.
- agents often containing active chlorine, which clearly corrode the silver surface can reduce.
- Chlorine-free cleaners contain oxygen and nitrogen in particular organic redox-active compounds, such as di- and trihydric phenols, z.
- organic redox-active compounds such as di- and trihydric phenols, z.
- salt and complex inorganic Compounds such as salts of the metals Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Co and Ce are often found Use.
- the transition metal salts selected from are preferred the group of manganese and / or cobalt salts and / or complexes, particularly preferred the cobalt (ammin) complexes, the cobalt (acetate) complexes, the cobalt (carbonyl) complexes, the chlorides of cobalt or manganese and manganese sulfate. You can also Zinc compounds are used to prevent corrosion on the wash ware.
- Preferred detergent compositions in the context of the present invention additionally contain one or more silver protection agents from the group of the triazoles, the Benzotriazoles, the Bisbenzotriazole, the Aminotriazole, the Alkylaminotriazole and the Transition metal salts or complexes in amounts of 0.05 to 2.5% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 2% by weight and in particular from 0.1 to 1% by weight, with benzotriazoles and / or alkylaminotriazoles are particularly preferred.
- the agents according to the invention can be prepared by simple mixing in continuous or discontinuous processes.
- Optional can also be used at this stage Components are added, in particular the addition of surfactants Vioskosticiansreglem is recommended at this time if the agents according to the invention are these Should contain substances.
- the solution or dispersion can also be at 30 to 50 ° C be heated to accelerate the homogeneous distribution.
- the physical data of the liquid detergent compositions E1 and E2 are summarized in Table 2.
- physical data of the detergent compositions E1 E2 Viscosity [mPas] 1800 2000 pH value, 1% by weight in water, 20 ° C 8.8 9.2
- Agents E1 and E2 according to the invention were tested in a household dishwasher (Miele G 590 with universal program) under the following washing conditions against a commercially available dishwashing detergent in powder form: 55 ° C./16 ° d water hardness measured in the main wash cycle (ie “harsh conditions”).
- the dosage for both the commercially available powder and for the products according to the invention was 25 g in each case.
- Table 2 shows the results of the evaluation by an expert panel, using the following evaluation scheme: Visual evaluation of tea, milk, baked meat and egg / milk by comparison with an image catalog.
- the starch removal is determined by gravimetric determination of the soiling removal. Evaluation scheme: Grade 0 for originally soiled dishes, Grade 10 for absolutely clean dishes.
- liquid detergent compositions of the invention achieve the level of performance conventional powder detergent (egg / milk, starch) or outperform this even (tea, milk).
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Description
Abgewandelte Naturstoffe stammen vor allem aus der Gruppe der modifizierten Stärken und Cellulosen, beispielhaft seien hier Carboxymethylcellulose und andere Celluloseether, Hydroxyethyl- und -propylcellulose sowie Kernmehlether genannt.
Eine große Gruppe von Verdickungsmitteln, die breite Verwendung in den unterschiedlichsten Anwendungsgebieten finden, sind die vollsynthetischen Polymere wie Polyacryl- und Polymethacryl-Verbindungen, Vinylpolymere, Polycarbonsäuren, Polyether, Polyimine, Polyamide und Polyurethane.
Xanthan läßt sich durch folgende Formel beschreiben:
nichtwäßrige Geschirreinigungsmittel (Gew.-%) | ||
E1 | E2 | |
Glycerin | 9,0 | 9,0 |
Polyethylenglycol 400 | 24,2 | 30,3 |
Propandiol-1,2 | 3,5 | - |
Parfüm | 0,7 | 0,7 |
Verdicker | 0,1 | 0,1 |
Natriumtripolyphosphat | 35,0 | 32,4 |
Natriumcarbonat, wasserfrei | 3,0 | 3,0 |
kristallines δ-Natriumdisilikat | 6,0 | 6,0 |
Natriumpercarbonat | 10,0 | 10,0 |
Tetraacetylethylendiamin | 4,0 | 4,0 |
Hydroxyethan-1,1-diphosphonsäure-Dinatriumsalz | 0,6 | 0,6 |
Benzotriazol | 0,3 | 0,3 |
Farbstoff | 0,1 | 0,1 |
Amylase-Zubereitung | 2,0 | 2,0 |
Protease-Zubereitung | 1,5 | 1,5 |
physikalische Daten der Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen | ||
E1 | E2 | |
Viskosität [mPas] | 1800 | 2000 |
pH-Wert, 1 Gew.-%-ig in Wasser, 20°C | 8,8 | 9,2 |
Die Dosierung sowohl für das handelsübliche Pulver als auch für die erfindungsgemäßen Produkte betrug jeweils 25 g. Die Tabelle 2 zeigt die Ergebnisse der Bewertung durch ein Expertenpanel, wobei folgendes Bewertungsschema zur Anwendung kam: Visuelle Bewertung bei Tee, Milch, angebackenem Fleisch sowie Ei/Milch durch Vergleich mit einem Bildkatalog Der Stärke-Abtrag wird durch gravimetrische Bestimmung des Anschmutzungsabtrags ermittelt. Bewertungsschema: Note 0 für original angeschmutztes Geschirr, Note 10 für absolut sauberes Geschirr.
Reinigungsleistung | |||
Anschmutzung | E1 | E2 | V1 |
Tee | 8,3 | 8,0 | 6,8 |
Milch | 8,5 | 8,3 | 7,0 |
Hackfleisch in Glasschalen | 7,0 | 7,8 | 7,0 |
Hackfleisch auf Porzellan | 6,8 | 6,2 | 7,2 |
Ei/Milch | 9,8 | 10,0 | 10,0 |
Stärke | 10,0 | 10,0 | 9,0 |
Claims (14)
- Flüssige nichtwäßrige Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen zum maschinellen Geschirrspülen, enthaltend neben weiteren optional einzusetzenden Reinigungsmittel-Inhaltsstoffena) 20 bis 50 Gew.-% eines oder mehrerer wasserlöslicher Gerüststoffe,b) 1 bis 25 Gew.-% Glycerin,c) 5 bis 40 Gew.-% eines bei Raumtemperatur flüssigen Polyethylenglycols sowied) 0 bis 20 Gew.-% 1,2-Propandiole) ≤ 2 Gew.-% freies Wasser.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie weniger als 1,5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise weniger als 1 Gew.-% und insbesondere weniger als 0,5 Gew.-% freies Wasser enthalten.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie als wasserlösliche Gerüststoffe Citrate und/oder Phosphate, vorzugsweise Alkalimetallphosphate unter besonderer Bevorzugung von Pentanatrium- bzw. Pentakaliumtriphosphat (Natrium- bzw. Kaliumtripolyphosphat) enthalten.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie den oder die wasserlöslichen Gerüststoff(e) in Mengen von 22,5 bis 45 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise von 25 bis 40 Gew.-% und insbesondere von 27,5 bis 35 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf die Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzung, enthalten.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie 1,5 bis 22,5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 2,5 bis 20 Gew.-% und insbesondere 5 bis 15 Gew.-% Glycerin, 5 bis 35 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 7,5 bis 30 Gew.-% und insbesondere 10 bis 20 Gew.-% eines bei Raumtemperatur flüssigen Polyethylenglycolgemischs sowie 0 bis 17,5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 1 bis 15 Gew.-% und insbesondere 2,5 bis 10 Gew.-% 1,2-Propandiol enthalten.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich nichtionische(s) und/oder anionische(s) Tensid(e), vorzugsweise nichtionische(s) Tensid(e) in Mengen von 0,1 bis 4 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise von 0,15 bis 3 Gew.-% und insbesondere von 0,2 bis 2 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf die Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzung, enthalten.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich 0,01 bis 5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,02 bis 4 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,05 bis 3 Gew.-% und insbesondere 0,1 bis 1,5 Gew.-%, eines polymeren Verdickungsmittels, vorzugsweise aus der Gruppe der Polyurethane oder der modifizierten Polyacrylate unter besonderer Bevorzugung von Verdickungsmitteln der Formel IV in der R3 für H oder einen verzweigten oder unverzweigten C1-4-Alk(en)ylrest, X für N-R5 oder O, R4 für einen gegebenenfalls alkoxylierten verzweigten oder unverzweigten, evtl. substituierten C8-22-Alk(en)ylrest, R5 für H oder R4 und n für eine natürliche Zahl steht, enthalten.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich Bleichmittel; vorzugsweise Bleichmittel auf Sauerstoffbasis unter besonderer Bevorzugung von Natriumperborat-Monohydrat und Natriumpercarbonat, in Mengen von 2,5 bis 25 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise von 5 bis 20 Gew.-% und insbesondere von 7,5 bis 15 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf die Zusammensetzung, enthalten.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich einen oder mehrere Bleichaktivatoren, vorzugsweise aus der Gruppe der O- und/oder N-acylierten Alkohole bzw. Amine unter besonderer Bevorzugung von Tetraacetylethylendiamin (TAED), n- bzw. iso-Nonanoyloxybenzolsulfonat (n- bzw. iso-NOBS), 1,2,3-Triacetoxypropan, n-Methyl-Morpholinium-Acetonitril-Methylsulfat (MMA) und deren Mischungen, in Mengen von 1 bis 15 Gew.-%. vorzugsweise von 2 bis 12 Gew.-% und insbesondere von 4 bis 8 Gew.-%, enthalten.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich Enzyme und/oder Enzymzubereitungen, vorzugsweise feste und/oder flüssige Protease-Zubereitungen und/oder Amylase-Zubereitungen, in Mengen von 1 bis 5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise von 1,5 bis 4,5 und insbesondere von 2 bis 4 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf die Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzung, enthalten.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich Alkaliträger aus den Gruppen der Carbonate, Hydrogencarbonate, der amorphen und kristallinen Silikate, insbesondere der Disilikate, in Mengen von 1 bis 15 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise von 2 bis 12 Gew.-% und insbesondere von 3 bis 9 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf die Reinigungsmittetzusammensetzung, enthalten.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich ein oder mehrere Silberschutzmittel aus der Gruppe der Triazole, der Benzotriazole, der Bisbenzotriazole, der Aminotriazole, der Alkylaminotriazole und der Übergangsmetallsalze oder -komplexe in Mengen von 0,05 bis 2,5 Gew.-% , vorzugsweise von 0,1 bis 2 Gew.-% und insbesondere von 0,1 bis 1 Gew.-%, enthalten, wobei Benzotriazole und/oder Alkylaminotriazole besonders bevorzugt sind.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Viskosität von 500 bis 5000 mPas, vorzugsweise von 1000 bis 4000 mPas und insbesondere von 1300 bis 3000 mPas, aufweisen.
- Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der pH-Wert einer 1 Gew.-%-igen Lösung der Zusammensetzung in destilliertem Wasser zwischen 7 und 11, vorzugsweise zwischen 8 und 10 und insbesondere zwischen 8,5 und 9,5 liegt.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19925275 | 1999-06-02 | ||
DE19925275A DE19925275A1 (de) | 1999-06-02 | 1999-06-02 | Nichtwäßrige flüssige Geschirreinigungsmittel |
PCT/EP2000/004663 WO2000075272A1 (de) | 1999-06-02 | 2000-05-23 | Nichtwässrige flüssige geschirrreinigungsmittel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1181346A1 EP1181346A1 (de) | 2002-02-27 |
EP1181346B1 true EP1181346B1 (de) | 2004-02-25 |
Family
ID=7910014
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00935097A Expired - Lifetime EP1181346B1 (de) | 1999-06-02 | 2000-05-23 | Nichtwässrige flüssige geschirrreinigungsmittel |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1181346B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE260335T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU5070400A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2310559A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19925275A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2216895T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000075272A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10313455A1 (de) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-10-14 | Henkel Kgaa | Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel |
DE10313454A1 (de) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-10-21 | Henkel Kgaa | Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel |
EP1894991A1 (de) * | 2006-09-01 | 2008-03-05 | The Procter and Gamble Company | Pastenzusammensetzung für Sanitärkeramik |
DE102012222267A1 (de) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-05 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Wasserarme bis wasserfreie flüssige Reinigungsmittel |
DE102012222268A1 (de) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-05 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Wasserarme bis wasserfreie flüssige Reinigungsmittel |
HUE038978T2 (hu) | 2015-10-16 | 2018-12-28 | Hans Georg Hagleitner | Folyékony tisztítószer koncentrátum |
GB201818827D0 (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-02 | Reckitt Benckiser Finish Bv | Composition |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE381672B (sv) * | 1971-07-15 | 1975-12-15 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Flytande tvettmedelskomposition |
GB1370377A (en) * | 1971-11-15 | 1974-10-16 | Procter & Gamble Ltd | Composition and method for cleaning hard surfaces |
EP0217454B1 (de) * | 1985-09-30 | 1992-03-11 | Unilever N.V. | Flüssige nichtwässrige Reinigungszusammensetzung und wasserfreies Perborat |
AU667600B2 (en) * | 1993-02-08 | 1996-03-28 | Colgate-Palmolive Company, The | Nonaqueous gelled automatic dishwashing composition containing enzymes |
-
1999
- 1999-06-02 DE DE19925275A patent/DE19925275A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-05-23 ES ES00935097T patent/ES2216895T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-23 AT AT00935097T patent/ATE260335T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-05-23 WO PCT/EP2000/004663 patent/WO2000075272A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-05-23 EP EP00935097A patent/EP1181346B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-23 DE DE50005420T patent/DE50005420D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-23 AU AU50704/00A patent/AU5070400A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-01 CA CA002310559A patent/CA2310559A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2000075272A1 (de) | 2000-12-14 |
AU5070400A (en) | 2000-12-28 |
CA2310559A1 (en) | 2000-12-02 |
ES2216895T3 (es) | 2004-11-01 |
ATE260335T1 (de) | 2004-03-15 |
EP1181346A1 (de) | 2002-02-27 |
DE19925275A1 (de) | 2000-12-07 |
DE50005420D1 (de) | 2004-04-01 |
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