EP1180205A1 - Corps alveolaire - Google Patents

Corps alveolaire

Info

Publication number
EP1180205A1
EP1180205A1 EP00938550A EP00938550A EP1180205A1 EP 1180205 A1 EP1180205 A1 EP 1180205A1 EP 00938550 A EP00938550 A EP 00938550A EP 00938550 A EP00938550 A EP 00938550A EP 1180205 A1 EP1180205 A1 EP 1180205A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
honeycomb body
sheet metal
metal layers
flow
channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00938550A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Helmut Swars
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1180205A1 publication Critical patent/EP1180205A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
    • B01D53/9454—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/88—Handling or mounting catalysts
    • B01D53/885—Devices in general for catalytic purification of waste gases
    • B01J35/56—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
    • F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
    • F01N3/2814—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates all sheets, plates or foils being corrugated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
    • F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
    • F01N3/2821—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates the support being provided with means to enhance the mixing process inside the converter, e.g. sheets, plates or foils with protrusions or projections to create turbulence
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/18—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for improving rigidity, e.g. by wings, ribs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
    • F01N2330/04—Methods of manufacturing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/32—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the shape, form or number of corrugations of plates, sheets or foils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/32—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the shape, form or number of corrugations of plates, sheets or foils
    • F01N2330/322—Corrugations of trapezoidal form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/32—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the shape, form or number of corrugations of plates, sheets or foils
    • F01N2330/323—Corrugations of saw-tooth or triangular form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/38—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details flow channels with means to enhance flow mixing,(e.g. protrusions or projections)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/40—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details made of a single sheet, foil or plate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/1234—Honeycomb, or with grain orientation or elongated elements in defined angular relationship in respective components [e.g., parallel, inter- secting, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a honeycomb body, in particular as a catalyst carrier, with a honeycomb structure comprising a plurality of channels running in the longitudinal direction of the honeycomb body and through which a fluid can flow, the honeycomb body having sheet metal layers arranged one above the other.
  • honeycomb bodies are used in particular as exhaust gas catalytic converters in motor vehicles, but they can also be used in other combustion plants or in process engineering if they are dimensioned accordingly.
  • Honeycomb bodies of this type which have an alternating arrangement of flat and corrugated metal sheets which are soldered to one another, as a result of which smaller channels with a substantially sinusoidal cross section or an inscribed circle enclosing cross section are formed.
  • the honeycomb body In order to achieve a possible quantitative catalytic conversion in the honeycomb body, the honeycomb body must have a corresponding volume, so that the flow through time of the substances to be converted in the honeycomb body is sufficiently long.
  • the area of the channel walls contained in the honeycomb body volume significantly influences their costs, since the use of the structural material and the catalytically active coating material, which usually contain noble metals such as platinum, palladium and / or rhodium, increases accordingly.
  • the thermal inertia of the catalyst also increases, as a result of which, for example in the case of exhaust gas catalysts, the pollutant emissions are increased during the heating-up phase of the motor vehicle engines. Furthermore, with increasing internal surface area, the pressure loss in it also increases, and with it the power loss of the drive unit.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a honeycomb body that enables high effectiveness of catalytic reactions with low thermal inertia and inexpensive production of catalysts.
  • channels are provided which have a cross-sectional dimension in a first direction which is a multiple of the cross-sectional dimension in another, in particular perpendicular, direction. It was found that such channels have a significantly more effective channel geometry than e.g. sinusoidal channels, in which the gussets or acute-angled inner corners of the channels, although covered with catalytically active material, are practically not catalytically active.
  • the effectiveness compared to channels with an approximately round or isogonal channel cross section is also improved, since, due to the elongated or gap-shaped channel cross sections, a better mass transfer across the flow channels is possible due to a more favorable ratio of cross section to wall circumferential surface, which is particularly advantageous in the case of laminar flow conditions.
  • the elongated, non-isogonal cross-sections of the channels reduce the volume fraction with stagnant or only slowly flowing gas boundary layers and thus the inhibition of the diffusive transport of the pollutant to the catalytically active coatings and significantly increases the area-specific reactivity and thus the effectiveness of the resulting catalyst. Furthermore, carrier and coating material can be saved.
  • the channels can each have a straight, curved or kinked parallel profile.
  • the non-isogonic or non-isometric channels according to the invention preferably occupy a volume fraction of the honeycomb body which has a not negligible proportion of the total capacity of the catalyst, for example greater than 5%.
  • the total catalyst capacity particularly preferably approximately the total catalyst capacity.
  • the honeycomb body area designed according to the invention can make up more than 10 volume percent, preferably more than 25 or 50 volume percent of the total honeycomb body volume.
  • the areas of the honeycomb formed according to the invention are from its edge areas, i.e. its front and / or side surfaces removed.
  • the distance to the edge areas can be a multiple of the channel height, e.g. more than 5 or 10 times or a fraction of the width of the honeycomb, e.g. 1/20 to 1/10 or more.
  • the entire honeycomb structure is advantageously constructed from non-isogonic channels according to the invention, although different areas of the honeycomb body can have different channel cross sections.
  • the non-isogonic channels can extend over a larger part of the length of the honeycomb body, e.g. extend more than a quarter or half of the same, preferably over practically the entire length of the same, it being possible for the channels to be interrupted by regions with different cross-sectional geometries. It may also be sufficient if the channels with non-isogonal cross-sections or with a height that is essentially constant over a width of several sheet-metal layer spacings extend over a length of several sheet-metal layer spacings.
  • the channels advantageously extend over the entire width of the honeycomb body, as a result of which temperature uniformity is not hindered by partition walls and a mass transfer is possible over the entire width of the honeycomb body, which leads to a more uniform speed and material distribution over the honeycomb body cross section.
  • the residence time of the fluid in the honeycomb body, which limits its volume downwards, is thereby made more uniform and increased, and thus also its effectiveness.
  • the channels can have a width to height ratio of greater than 3, preferably greater than 5.
  • the channels can in particular be designed such that they extend at least locally or over part or preferably the entire length of the honeycomb body with at least approximately the same height over a width that is a multiple (for example 2 or 3 to 5 times or more) ) corresponds to the mean or largest duct height or the sheet metal layer spacing. If necessary, duct walls or duct narrowing can adjoin these areas. Adjacent sheet metal layers thus run at least over this width or over a larger width, e.g. 1/10 to 1/2 or over the entire width of the honeycomb body essentially parallel to each other. There are therefore no or only slight cross-sectional constrictions across this width, e.g. in the range of 25% or less of the channel height.
  • the sheet metal layers can have a profile whose profile height is small in comparison to the distance between sheet metal layers lying opposite one another.
  • the profiling can e.g. be provided in the form of punctiform elevations and depressions, which increases the rigidity of the sheet metal layers and at the same time improves the adhesion of a ceramic substrate material on the sheet metal layers.
  • the sheets can also be provided with a profile whose profile height, i.e. their distance from the top and bottom vertices of the profiling is large in comparison to the sheet layer spacing.
  • the flow characteristics of the honeycomb body e.g. with respect to a material exchange in the transverse direction thereof.
  • the sheet metal layer arranged reference plane is asymmetrical.
  • the flow resistance in opposite directions across the profile is hereby different, so that the honeycomb body acts as a flow diode for the transverse portion of the flow in the channels.
  • the sheet metal layers can be folded in a zigzag shape, the adjacent folding legs each having a different length and slope.
  • honeycomb body according to the invention can in particular be constructed from sheet metal layers of the same profile, which are arranged congruently to one another.
  • honeycomb bodies with e.g. curved or bent gap-shaped channels are particularly easy to assemble.
  • the sheet metal layers of the same profiling can also be arranged inversely to one another and also have different channel widths in the channel course.
  • the sheet-metal layers can be provided with profiles which extend in the longitudinal direction or transversely to the longitudinal direction of the flow channels and which can be formed in the manner of channels or webs.
  • the profiles can extend over the entire length or width of the honeycomb body or the width of the flow channels or only over part of the same.
  • the profiling can be designed such that the smallest spacing of the sheet metal layers from one another thereby remains practically unchanged or is not significantly reduced, so that the flow resistance through the honeycomb body is not increased.
  • the profiling can be realized in particular in the form of sheet metal folds, so that the honeycomb bodies can be easily manufactured with high stability.
  • the slope of the profiled areas can be small, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the channels, compared to the distance between the sheets, thereby keeping the pressure losses small.
  • the honeycomb structure can in particular be designed in such a way that the Nusselt number relates to a certain mass flow, for example as is typical in automotive applications, for a range of the honeycomb body of> 10 percent by volume, preferably> 25, particularly preferably>50%,> as a comparison scale 4.5, preferably> 6.
  • the values given refer to a diffusion distance of 0.5 mm, which corresponds to the radius, for example, in the case of flow channels with a circular cross section.
  • Nusselt numbers of 15 can easily be achieved.
  • the honeycomb body can be designed in such a way that an Nusselt number of> 4.5, preferably> 6, results for it on average.
  • the Nusselt number is approximately 8 for slot-shaped channels which extend over the width of the honeycomb body.
  • the channel cross sections of the channels designed according to the invention can be arranged such that they extend over cross-sectional areas of the honeycomb body, in which there are temperature differences of more than 10 ° C., preferably more than 50 ° C., in the starting phase of the catalyst operation.
  • the channels can extend from the outer sides of the honeycomb body, which are coldest during a starting phase, over 25%, preferably over half, of the honeycomb body cross section in the direction of the central axis or plane thereof. In these areas, catalyst carrier elements with edges that can be flowed around, in particular carrier elements that can flow completely around, can be provided.
  • the catalyst coating can have a greater thickness than in the case of conventional honeycomb bodies.
  • the coating thickness can be 5-25 / 100 mm or more, corresponding to a ratio of coating thickness to sheet thickness of 1-5 or more.
  • the ratio can also be> 10. This significantly reduces the sensitivity of the catalyst to catalyst poisons.
  • the sheet metal layers can be provided with stiffening elements, the advantageous configuration of which is described below, and which are preferably provided in or adjacent to or adjacent to the areas of the honeycomb body, with the channel sections have non-isogonal cross sections.
  • the stiffening elements can be integrated in the sheet metal layers, for example in the form of profiles which extend lengthways and / or transversely to the longitudinal direction of the flow channel and can be designed, for example, as meandering sheet metal sheet folds with adjacent folding webs. Additional separate stiffening elements can also be drawn into the honeycomb body, which, for example, support larger duct wall surfaces and can act on the duct wall surfaces punctually or linearly.
  • the stiffening elements for example in the form of wire pins, can be arranged offset in relation to one another in the support regions formed by them, which can be designed as planes, in such a way that they bring about little or practically no narrowing of the channel cross sections and none when the fluid flows around them form larger spinal zones.
  • the stiffening elements can also be connected to one another. Regardless of the design of the stiffening elements, they can be distributed in an orderly manner in the honeycomb body, for example along preferred directions or planes of the honeycomb body or in symmetrical patterns, they can also be distributed statistically.
  • Honeycomb areas with an increased number of stiffening elements can alternate with areas with a smaller number or without stiffening elements, as a result of which zones of different mechanical properties, such as increased rigidity, can be created.
  • the zones can in each case be arranged within the honeycomb body or at the edge regions thereof and alternate in the axial and / or radial direction with unstiffened regions of greater elasticity.
  • the expansion of the stiffening zones transverse to the flow channels advantageously corresponds to a multiple of the sheet spacing.
  • the stiffening elements integrated in the sheet metal layers can accordingly also have zones of different stiffness or be dimensioned accordingly in terms of their length.
  • the stiffening elements can each be provided in the interior and / or in the area of the end or side surfaces of the honeycomb body.
  • the stiffening elements are preferably each arranged in such a way that they cover no or only small surfaces of the channel walls.
  • the stiffening elements can be arranged so that there are larger self-supporting sheet metal surfaces than channel walls in which the support spacing, i.e. the distance between the points of attack of the stiffening elements on the sheet metal layers, a multiple of the shorter cross-sectional dimension of the channels or up to the maximum distance at which there is still sufficient stability under the conditions of use of the honeycomb body.
  • the support points can be arranged in a point or line shape or in planes.
  • stiffening elements which can be arranged in aligned support planes or lines and also in spatially offset points which are not in alignment with one another, are preferably arranged in such a way that they can be flowed around without cross-sectional constriction.
  • one-dimensional joints can be provided which join the individual sheet metal layers, which can be profiled or non-profiled, with one another or with other stiffening elements and which are specifically introduced into the honeycomb body for this purpose become.
  • the joints can, at least in certain spatial directions, in particular have a higher strength and resilience than solder joints and in particular through positive, non-positive and / or material connections Connections are produced, for example by means of notched tabs or webs, which can be fixed in adjacent sheet metal folds at least in one direction or through openings, by flanging or twisting cut sheet metal sections, or, for example, by spot welding processes.
  • the joints can be arranged in preferred directions or planes of the honeycomb body or in symmetrical patterns, they can also be distributed statistically. Along the given directions, the joints can be provided at every contact point of adjacent sheet metal layers or only at every second, third, etc.
  • the described stiffening of the honeycomb body with insulated joints can be used not only on honeycomb bodies with non-isogonal but also those with conventional isometric (for example hexagonal or sinusoidal) channel cross sections.
  • the honeycomb body is advantageously provided with stiffening elements which extend transversely to the flow channels, as a result of which an excessive change in the distance between the sheet metal layers due to bending due to temperature fluctuations is prevented.
  • the stiffening elements can e.g. be designed as wires, strips or expanded metal layers or as sheet metal folds.
  • the stiffening elements can support the sheet metal layers or penetrate them and in each case be connected to the sheet metal layers with tensile load or can be carried out loosely through them.
  • the stiffening elements aligned parallel to the sheet metal layers can also act on a plurality of sheet metal layers arranged one above the other.
  • stiffening elements can be provided which, arranged perpendicular to the sheet metal layers, penetrate a plurality of sheet metal layers arranged one above the other.
  • These stiffening elements can be constructed, for example, in the form of wires or bands or of wall areas constructed from sheet metal folds. If the sheet metal layers are provided with profiles, additional stiffening elements are advantageously provided which are spaced far apart, for example a multiple of the channel height, and which can be designed separately. They are particularly arranged where forces on the sheet metal layers occur, such as in the inflow and / or outflow areas.
  • the additional stiffening elements can be connected to one another and / or connected to the housing in a force-absorbing manner and in this case form planes or lines of increased rigidity which can be spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the honeycomb body.
  • the stiffening elements can also be arranged in the sheet metal profiles and optionally attached to them, for example in sheet metal profiles in the form of web-shaped ply folds.
  • the stiffening elements can also be provided in the region of the outer and / or intermediate walls or partial walls of the honeycomb body and in particular can be connected to these in a force-absorbing manner.
  • the stiffening elements can each be one-dimensional, for example as wires, pins, strips or sheet metal folds, but also as expanded metal layers or the like or as joints between sheet metal layers or sections.
  • the stiffening elements can be non-positively, positively or materially attached to the sheet metal layers, e.g. be clamped in sheet metal folds, which can also be formed by notches, or twisted to form a positive connection. Adequate fastening can also be ensured by coating the prefabricated honeycomb body, e.g. result with the ceramic carrier mass of the catalyst.
  • the width of the respective stiffening elements is advantageously small compared to the length of the flow channels, so that the catalytically active channel walls are only minimally covered by the stiffening elements and the flow characteristics of the honeycomb body are practically not influenced.
  • the required width of the stiffening elements which in each case also depends on the sheet metal genprofilierng is 1/5 or 1/10 to 1/100 of the length of the flow channels, but is not limited to this.
  • the stiffening elements preferably each extend over a length which corresponds to a plurality of sheet-metal layer spacings, particularly preferably over the entire cross-sectional extent of the honeycomb body.
  • the sheet metal layers can be provided with longitudinal ribs running parallel to the flow channels and extending over part or the entire length of the flow channels.
  • the height of the longitudinal ribs is preferably small compared to the height of the channels, e.g. equal to half the channel height or less, so that the local increase in turbulence is not canceled out by increasing thicker boundary layers.
  • sheet metal folds can also be provided with a height greater than the sheet layer spacing, the individual folding webs being fastened to one another.
  • the folding webs can be fastened directly to one another in a non-positive and / or positive manner; further stiffening elements, e.g. serve in the form of wires or strips that run perpendicular and / or parallel to the sheet metal layers.
  • Sheet reinforcements can also be provided for stiffening, which serve to support adjacent sheet layers.
  • stiffening elements can be attached to one another, which can result in two- or three-dimensional associations of stiffening elements.
  • the stiffening elements can, in particular, absorb the tension with the housing or with intermediate or outer walls of the honeycomb body. be connected.
  • the intermediate and outer walls can be made rigid or elastically deformable, for example in the form of folding webs of the sheet metal layers fastened to one another.
  • the sheet metal layers can be provided with notches which serve to support the sheet metal layers against one another and to enable gas exchange between adjacent channels or to enlarge the catalyst area.
  • the notches are advantageously in the form of webs extending in the longitudinal direction of the channels.
  • flow deflection means can be provided in the area of the flow channels, for example inside or at the front ends thereof, by means of which flowing fluid volumes are forced to continue with a lateral and / or a height offset, which can also be achieved with a non-inventive configuration of the honeycomb body with, for example isometric channel cross sections can be advantageous.
  • the length of the flow paths can exceed the honeycomb body length, for example by 5 to 20% or more.
  • the offset can be, for example, a quarter to a channel height, ie the extent of a smaller cross-sectional extent, or more.
  • the flow deflecting means can be designed in such a way that it forcibly mixes the fluid carried in one channel area with volume fractions of fluid conducted in adjacent channel areas with which there was little or no mass transfer.
  • These adjacent channel areas can be separated by cross-sectional constrictions, deflection areas in the lateral direction such as sheet metal folds, channel walls or due to a large channel width which exceeds the lateral diffusion path in the residence time of the fluid in the channel section, so that diffusive material exchange practically no longer takes place.
  • the flow deflecting means can, for example, by appropriate design of the channel walls, for example with areas running obliquely to the direction of flow, additional deflecting devices such as flow plates with deflecting bevels placed obliquely to the direction of flow in and / or on the End faces of the channels and / or by means of a lateral offset of honeycomb areas arranged one behind the other with dividing walls which, due to the offset of the dividing walls, divide media volumes guided upstream in a common flow channel and combine upstream separated volumes in a flow channel.
  • the deflection bevels regardless of their design, are advantageously flat and at an angle of less than 45-30 °, preferably less than 10 °, to the flow direction, and they can also be curved.
  • the flow deflecting means are designed such that they essentially do not reduce the size of the channel cross sections over a honeycomb area, and thus the flow resistance of the honeycomb body is not increased or is increased only slightly.
  • an offset of a fluid volume can be coupled with an offset of an adjacent volume element in another, for example in the opposite direction, the total cross section being able to remain approximately unchanged over the length of the deflection region.
  • the channel cross-sections can change simultaneously in height and width over the length of the channel while maintaining the cross-sectional size.
  • adjacent channels or channel areas can be flow-coupled in the direction of offset of the fluid volumes, allowing fluid exchange.
  • the deflecting means can in particular act as a flow divider, for example by means of adjoining inclines of opposite inclination, so that a volume flow acts and is deflected in different directions.
  • the sheet metal layers can have areas that are inclined to the main plane of the sheet metal layers. These areas can be formed, for example, in one piece on the sheet metal layers or on profiles that can be inserted into the honeycomb end face and can be flowed around or through. These areas, which act like a blade, improve the inflow behavior when the honeycomb body flows at an angle. Furthermore, the inflow and outflow area of the honeycomb body can be further reinforced by stiffening elements. duck or sheet layer folds are stiffened, thereby avoiding pressure losses due to undesired movements or uneven changes in the spacing of the sheet layers. This also applies in particular to the inflow and outflow areas designed in the manner of a blade.
  • the honeycomb body according to the invention in the inflow and / or outflow area in such a way that the inflow direction is parallel or at an angle of less than 90 ° to the plane of the sheet metal layers.
  • the channels in the inflow region of the honeycomb body are opened laterally to the outside of the honeycomb body, so that the fluid can flow into the intermediate space of the sheet metal layers across a channel part length transversely to the longitudinal direction of the flow channels.
  • the inflow area of the honeycomb body is used particularly effectively catalytically and the catalyst volume can be reduced and the honeycomb body can be charged with hotter media with less risk of spot overheating.
  • the honeycomb body in motor vehicles can be arranged closer to the engine, as a result of which the cold start phase with little catalyst activity can be shortened in time.
  • This also makes the outer edge of the end plane or honeycomb body more intense, uniform and deeper in the honeycomb body heated up, which significantly increases the overall effectiveness.
  • This embodiment can also be implemented regardless of whether the honeycomb structure has channels according to the invention.
  • honeycomb bodies can also be easily arranged one after the other, which have different channel geometries or which are arranged rotated relative to one another about their longitudinal axes, as a result of which further homogenization of the medium flowing through the honeycomb body can be achieved.
  • honeycomb areas designed according to the invention in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction of a honeycomb body can alternate with such a different structure, e.g. with a different, possibly conventional channel structure or with an open support body structure, which enables a practically unhindered fluid exchange across the flow direction over larger areas of the support body.
  • the channel walls which prevent fluid exchange transversely to the flow direction and separate partial fluid flows from one another, can also be provided with a passage opening through which a lateral fluid exchange is possible and which can extend over the greatest possible length of the honeycomb body, e.g. by more than 10 or 25%, up to almost the entire length of the honeycomb body.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of a honeycomb body is when a plurality of mixing zones (including the inflow and outflow zone), in which mixing predominantly takes place, alternate with a plurality of reaction zones in which the reaction predominantly takes place.
  • the honeycomb body thus preferably has at least two or more, for example 10 or more, reaction zones which are separated by mixing zones.
  • the honeycomb body can also be put together by a plurality of individual bodies, each of which engages in the end faces of an adjacent honeycomb body and thus results in a coherent reaction and flow space.
  • the ratio of the sum of the lengths of the reaction zones to the sum of the lengths of the mixing zones is> 2, preferably 5-20 or more.
  • the length of the comparatively short mixing zones can be 2-20 times the gap width or height of the flow channels.
  • the mixing zone and also the inflow zone are characterized by the fact that these accumulation vortices arise and the flow resistance is thus essentially determined by the shape resistance and there is extensive deflection of the flow threads due to flow obstacles.
  • profiles such as webs of expanded metal layers, inflow guiding profiles, wires or the like can be provided in the flow cross section, for example, the flow surfaces of which run at an angle of> 15 °, preferably 45-90 ° to the flow direction.
  • a high form resistance is also generated by a channel structure of the honeycomb body in the inflow area due to the abrupt transition from turbulent to laminar flow and the accumulating vortices, both with an inclined flow against the honeycomb body and with flow in the longitudinal direction of the same, without this Flow baffles or the like are to be provided.
  • the reaction zones are characterized by a high proportion of frictional force in the flow resistance, so that micro-swirl zones are present here.
  • the carrier elements preferably run parallel or up to an angle of approximately 10 ° to the longitudinal flow direction.
  • the ratio of the shape resistances of the mixing zone to the frictional resistances of the reaction zones can be 2.5 or more, ie the pressure loss in the mixing zone with respect to a unit length is 2.5 or more times the pressure loss under the given flow conditions in the reaction zone.
  • Figure 1 shows a section of a honeycomb body 1 with rectangular flow channels 2, the ratio of height to width is about 5: 1.
  • the channels thus have a clearly different cross-sectional dimension along the mutually perpendicular directions R1, R2.
  • the individual sheet metal layers 3, which are arranged congruently to one another, have folding webs 4, the height of which is slightly greater than the height of the channels 2 and which each engage in the folding web of the sheet metal layer arranged above it, so that double-walled partition walls extend over the height of the honeycomb body 5 result, which simultaneously limit the flow channels 2a laterally.
  • the distance between the individual walls is small, so that e.g. When applied, coating material cannot penetrate into the intermediate wall area, which means that the cross-sectional narrowing due to the double-walled partition is minimal.
  • the honeycomb body 1 is formed from a zigzag-shaped sheet metal strip, punched holes being made in the sheet metal strip at the folding areas. Between the punched out webs 6 remain, which connect the individual sheet metal layers 3 to one another and at the same time are provided with flaps which can be folded in at the side and which stabilize the folding points.
  • the flow channels have sections 7 adjoining the dividing walls 5 and bent downwards, which produce the gaps 8 by compressing the sheet metal layers 3 in the longitudinal direction of the honeycomb body and shortening the dividing wall 5 by the folding points 11 .
  • the stiffening wires 9 can be braided transversely to the flow channels between two adjacent sheet metal layers 3.
  • the wires 9 penetrate the partition walls 5 so that the adjacent sheet metal layers 3 are positively attached to one another.
  • a notch 10 is provided, which in the above arranged partition 5 engages and is clamped in this.
  • the folding webs 4 which form the partitions 5 are provided with projections 12.
  • the projections are also clamped in the folding web 4 arranged above each to form a stable partition 5.
  • the sheet metal layers 3 are provided with longitudinal folding ribs 13 within them, which prevent sagging of the sheet metal layers 3 in the central region of the channels 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of a further embodiment of a honeycomb body 14, which is constructed by sheets 15 folded in a congruent manner and folded in a zigzag shape.
  • the flow channels 16 delimited by adjacent metal sheets thus likewise have a zigzag-shaped cross section with plane-parallel side walls.
  • the angulation in the course of the gap is so blunt that there are no locally too thick boundary layers.
  • the upper and lower fold lines of the sheets 15 are provided with stiffening longitudinal ribs 17, the height of which is small compared to the sheet spacing.
  • the longitudinal ribs 17 have incisions 18 on the two opposite sides of the sheets, into which stiffening wires 19 running parallel to the sheets are inserted or which support the sheets at the level of the cuts.
  • the wires 19 are fastened to the housing, not shown, in a way that the sheet-metal layer spacing is defined.
  • the wires 20 running vertically to the sheet metal layers extend through the sheet metal layers, which in the area of the incisions with the wires 19 e.g. using solder material or by twisting the wires.
  • the folding ribs 21 can be formed on both sides by making incisions, double-walled tabs 22 which engage one another in the folding rib of the sheet layer 15 arranged above and are clamped therein.
  • the sheet metal layers 15 are thus double-walled on the end faces and only attached to one another at practically one-dimensional connection points.
  • the sheet layers 15 can be stabilized by further stiffening elements, for example by wires or bands, which can also be carried out by the tabs 22.
  • the profile height h of the sheet metal layers 15a, b essentially corresponds to the distance a between the sheet metal layers.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment, in which the profile height h of the sheet metal layers is substantially greater than the sheet layer spacing a. Furthermore, stiffening elements in the form of strips 24 are provided, the main plane of which runs parallel to the sheet metal layers. The strips 24 penetrate the sheet metal layers immediately below or above the folding ribs 26, which laterally delimit the folding webs, and in the middle in the flat folding legs 25. A tensile fastening to the sheet metal layers 23 is carried out here by coating with a catalyst material up to one of them Diameter of sheet metal bushings exceeding thickness.
  • the folding webs 25 of the sheet metal layers according to FIG. 5 can be provided with notched webs 27 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the flow channels and parallel to the folding ribs 26, the length of the notches 27 here being of the order of the width of the folding webs 25 lies.
  • the distance between the notches 27 in the longitudinal direction of the flow channels is less than the length of the notches in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the notches 27 each have a projection 28 in their central region, which serves as an abutment on the laterally adjacent folding web of the sheet metal layer arranged above it.
  • the notches 27 can also be arranged inclined to the longitudinal direction of the flow channels, the notches enclosing an acute angle with the longitudinal direction of the channel.
  • the notches 27 which follow one another in the longitudinal direction of the folding webs 25 are arranged in alignment with one another.
  • FIG. 7 shows two alternative designs of the honeycomb body region which laterally adjoins a housing (not shown) or a further honeycomb body.
  • the individual sheet layers 29 are deposited congruently to one another and are provided with longitudinal ribs 30, 31 on the upper and lower apex, so that a flow channel 32 is formed which extends over the entire width of the honeycomb body.
  • the sheet metal layers 29 are provided with overlapping folding webs 34 which are bent by approximately 90 ° with respect to the sheet metal layers and which are fastened to one another by suitable joining techniques such as welding processes or connecting wires.
  • Sheet metal sections 35 projecting laterally from the honeycomb body are integrally formed on the folding webs 34 and can be clamped in a bead of a housing (not shown) in order to fix the honeycomb body to the housing.
  • corresponding folds can also be provided within the honeycomb body for the construction of intermediate walls which cut through the flow channels.
  • the shorter fold webs 39 face the lateral outer surface of the honeycomb body, but alternatively this can also be the case for the longer fold webs 38.
  • the individual sheet metal layers are supported by horizontally running stiffening wires 40, which are supported on the sheet metal layer lying underneath.
  • the closed side wall 41 is constructed as shown in FIG. 7, left.
  • the lateral folding webs 42 are flanged to stiffening ribs 43, so that a medium can enter the flow channels 44 from the side.
  • This embodiment can also be implemented regardless of whether the honeycomb structure is designed according to the invention.
  • the wires 40 are bent upwards on the outside on the reinforcing ribs 43, as a result of which a lateral displacement of the sheet metal layer ends projecting beyond the sheet metal sections 45 is prevented.
  • the wires 40 can also run in a straight line and be attached to a housing on the side.
  • the wires 40 can also be spaced from the underlying sheet metal layer, as a result of which the height of the flow channels 44 can be adjusted.
  • FIG. 8 shows a section of a honeycomb body with sheet metal layers 46 which are arranged congruently to one another and which are profiled in a wave shape and are connected to one another via the webs 47.
  • such a honeycomb structure can be built up by means of a meandering sheet metal strip 48, punched-out areas 49 and folding lines 50 being introduced in the folding area of the sheet metal strip.
  • a meandering sheet metal strip 48 By compressing the sheet metal strip 48 in the transverse direction, the structure shown in FIG. 8, left, results with identically shaped sheet metal layers 46.
  • the length of the webs 47 allows the sheet metal layer spacing to be adjusted accordingly, with the webs stabilized where compressive forces act through the fluid.
  • FIG. 9 shows a section of a honeycomb body with a sheet metal strip 51 which is laid in a meandering manner in the transverse direction of the honeycomb body together with an expanded metal strip which is endlessly folded transversely thereto, this embodiment and the further details also being able to be realized regardless of whether the honeycomb body structure is designed according to the invention.
  • each of the sheet-metal layers of the sheet-metal strip has two stiffening ribs 53, 54 running transversely to the direction of flow indicated by the arrows, the length of the folding webs 55 being long compared to the sheet-metal layer spacing.
  • the sheet metal sections 56 lying in the folding region are notched out laterally and at the same time serve to fasten the honeycomb body to a housing (not shown).
  • the expanded metal layers 58 are inserted between the individual sheet metal layers 57, the ends of which extend beyond the sheet metal layers 57 are folded over the respective sheet metal layer ends and thus engage in the adjacent flow channel 51a.
  • the expanded metal layers serve both to support adjacent sheet metal layers 57 against one another and to enlarge the active catalyst area.
  • the expanded metal layers 58 have sections 59 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the flow channel and which are deposited on the face of the sheet metal layers and which are thus perpendicular to the sheet metal layers and support the sheet metal layer lying above them.
  • the sections 59 are provided with lateral bulges 60 to increase the rigidity under compressive forces exerted vertically on the sheet metal layers, and are guided through the ribs 53 without play in vertical gaps.
  • the sheet metal sections 59 can also have areas with a lower height, which can be arranged between the bulges 60.
  • the sheet metal sections 59 are connected to one another by connecting webs 61 which intersect and are integrally formed on one another at the crossing points and which are produced by making incisions in the sheet metal layers can be, wherein in these areas a fluid exchange can take place transversely to the longitudinal flow direction.
  • the end regions of the expanded metal layers 58 are folded over in such a way that the end sections 62 are arranged perpendicular to the respectively opposing sheet metal layers 57 and are supported or support them. Instead of individual expanded metal layers, these can also be connected like the sheet metal layers 57 to form an infinite meandering expanded metal strip.
  • FIG. 10 shows an arrangement of sheet metal layers corresponding to FIG. 3, the sheet metal layer sections 64a, 65a of the end regions 64, 65 being angled relative to the central regions 66, which is made easier by making incisions in the folding webs 67.
  • the end regions of the honeycomb body and the folding points which delimit the central regions 66 are each stabilized by wires 68 running perpendicular to the sheet metal layers 63.
  • An inflow or outflow area of the honeycomb body is formed by the end sections 64, 65, which facilitates an inflow of medium onto the honeycomb body obliquely to the sheet metal layers 63 and thus reduces pressure losses in the inflow area of the honeycomb body.
  • This configuration can also be implemented regardless of whether the honeycomb structure is designed according to the invention.
  • the sheet-metal layer 69 shown in FIG. 11 is provided with a wavy profile and is laterally delimited by folding webs 70, by means of which, as shown for the folding webs 34 in FIG. 7, left, side walls of the honeycomb body can be built up.
  • this arrangement can also be implemented with smooth or alternately smooth and arbitrarily structured sheet metal layers, wherein isometric channel cross sections can also result.
  • the sheet metal layer 69 as a whole is pyramidally deformed, as indicated by the edges 71.
  • the sheet metal layer is provided with a central passage opening 72, through which the loop 73 is arranged below the sheet metal layer.
  • th wire arrangement which supports the sheet layer 69 in the honeycomb body, is carried out.
  • the loop 73 can be connected to the corresponding loops of the wire arrangement 74 arranged above or below to form a continuous wire.
  • the angled wire ends 75 can be clamped at the end sections 76 of the folding webs 70 to be bent and connected to the end regions of the wire arrangements 74 arranged above or below them.
  • the sheet metal layers can be provided with additional sheet metal layer folds and / or separate stiffening elements, which results in a wide range of possible uses.
  • the flow characteristics of a honeycomb body can be set by such measures, obviously other than the shown pyramid-shaped deformation of the sheet metal layers is also possible.
  • FIG. 12 shows a honeycomb structure made up of individual sheets 77 which have zigzag-shaped folds and delimit flow channels which extend over the entire width of the sheet layers.
  • each of the triangular channels 79 is provided at its ends with a bevel 80 pointing towards the free end of the honeycomb body, while the cuboid shape of the honeycomb body is retained.
  • the bevel 80 stabilizes the inflow area of the honeycomb body. This arrangement is also possible with isometric channels.
  • the end regions 81 of the sheet metal layers 77 can be flanged for stiffening, additional stiffening wires 83, which are fixed to the housing (not shown), being clamped into the flanging 82. Furthermore, tapes 84 extending transversely to the sheet metal layers 77 are provided, which are deposited on the upper edges of the channels 79 and which Support the sheet metal layer arranged above. The narrow bands 84 penetrate the lateral folding webs 85 and are connected to one another and to the housing (not shown) in a tension-absorbing manner.
  • the channel-shaped profiling of the sheet metal layers 77 is interrupted by a flattened area 86, which extends over the entire width of the sheet metal layer and runs at the level of the upper edge of the groove 79, in the stiffening wires 87, which can be fastened to a housing , are woven in.
  • the flow channels 79 can be continued with a lateral as well as with a height offset, as indicated by the arrow 87, the fluid guided in one channel region being forcibly mixed with fluid guided in adjacent channel regions.
  • the middle area of the honeycomb body is thereby additionally stabilized and at the same time better mixing of the flowing medium is achieved.
  • the honeycomb body according to FIG. 12 thus consists of several short mixing zones D arranged alternately one behind the other with high flow resistance, these zones also include the inflow and outflow areas and reaction zones R arranged between them, in which the flow resistance is essentially due to the frictional force effect is determined with the channel walls or catalyst support elements.
  • the honeycomb body shown in FIG. 13 also has a corresponding zone structure.
  • expanded metal layers 87 can also be inserted between the individual sheet metal layers 77, as a result of which the distance between the sheet metal layers can be set as desired.
  • the one-piece expanded metal layers here have elongated sections 89 in the form of narrow strips, which are arranged perpendicular to the main planes of the sheet metal layers, and connecting webs 91 which are connected to one another via intersection points.
  • the expanded metal layers can here, at individual locations 90, the lateral folding webs 92 of the sheet metal layers to a Outer wall are joined together, penetrate and attached to them, for example by flanging the ends 93.
  • the expanded metal layers can also be designed as a meandering strip.
  • the flow-around profiles 89 decisively improve the diffusion and thus the pollutant conversion in the channels.
  • the honeycomb body is produced from an endless meandering sheet metal strip according to FIG. 7, the webs 94 connecting the sheet metal layers 77 being folded in a V-shape and stiffening wires 95 running perpendicular to the sheet metal layers 77 being clamped in place.
  • FIG. 14 shows a honeycomb structure with a sheet-metal strip 120 which is stored in a meandering manner, with individual flat sheets 122 being inserted between the individual sheet-metal layers 121 structured in a wave-like manner.
  • the vertices 123 of the individual sheet metal corrugations run obliquely to the flat sheet metal layers 121 (see FIG. 14, below), the slopes of adjacent vertices of a sheet metal layer alternating alternately, so that the height of the flow channels along a flow path increases or decreases continuously.
  • the side walls of the flow channels thus run both obliquely to the transverse direction and obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal direction of the honeycomb body.
  • the corrugated sheet metal layers 121 only rest on the flat sheet metal layers 122 on the end faces, ie on the deflection areas 124, an unimpeded cross exchange of the fluid and a flow around the edges is possible at a distance from the end faces, the height of the side openings being adjacent channels 125, 126 is greatest at half the length of the honeycomb body.
  • a volume segment entering a channel 125 is thus compressed and widened in different directions at the same time due to the continuously changing channel geometry and in this case is forcibly transferred into an adjacent channel 126 and mixed with the fluid present there, so that it emerges from the honeycomb body with a lateral offset .
  • the flow around the edges of the sheet metal folds also causes stagnant fluid volumes and, as a result, comparatively thick boundary layers adhering to the sheets are avoided.
  • the flat sheet metal layers 122 are provided with notches 127 which support the corrugated sheet metal layers and at the same time lead to an exchange of fluid from above and below the flat sheet metal layers due to the changing channel cross sections.
  • FIG. 15 shows a modification of a honeycomb body according to FIG. 14 (identical elements are provided with the same reference numbers), in which flat sheet metal sections 132 are provided between the channels 128, 129 which narrow or widen in the direction of flow and which are formed on the flat sheet metal layers 122 with the formation of stiffening layer duplications.
  • the channels 130 are also open at their ends at their ends 130 with a small cross section. Since a fluid exchange transverse to the flow direction would be prevented by the flat sheet metal sections, the forced lateral deflection of the fluid through the flat sheet metal layers takes place through the correspondingly large openings 131 (only shown schematically), the size of which is here dimensioned such that there are no pressure drops.
  • the mixing of adjacent fluid volumes thus takes place through a continuous change in the channel cross sections and transfer or separation of the channel areas, which can be achieved independently of the configuration of the honeycomb body according to the invention.
  • the sheet corrugations can each be angular or arcuate.
  • the corresponding sheet metal layers 98 can also be arranged laterally offset from one another by the asymmetrical design of the recesses 97 made in the elongated sheet metal strip 96 to be meandered.
  • the offset can advantageously correspond here only to the narrow width of a flow channel 99, so that the flow channels of adjacent sheet metal layers are practically insulated from one another, or, as shown in the figure, a fraction of the width b of the flow channels 99, so that these over the Narrow 100 communicate with each other and stagnant gas is washed away here.
  • the recesses can also be designed in such a way that the sheet metal layers engage in one another and are supported laterally on channel walls, as a result of which closed channels with any cross sections can be produced. Overall, the remaining webs make it easy to assemble a stable honeycomb body.
  • the punched-outs 97 are designed in the form of a parallelogram, so that the offset x of the folding lines running along the sheet metal strip 100 corresponds to the lateral offset of the flow channels.
  • the inclination of the end faces of the inflow regions and the height h of the flow channels are determined by the half length y of the recesses 97.
  • the comparatively large height h stiffens the profiled sheet metal layers 98 in particular, advantageously with a large section modulus, which results in a high level of vibration rigidity of the layers, which is particularly important if, in order to simplify production, the layers are only connected to the end faces of the folding webs and have to be particularly rigid in between .
  • FIG. 17 shows a schematic representation of a honeycomb body 110, which is constructed by spaced sheet metal layers 123, so that the flow channels in the honeycomb body and in the inflow area over the entire width of the Extend honeycomb body.
  • the channels in the inflow area and in the honeycomb body can also have different cross sections and each extend only over part of the width of the honeycomb body, wherein in particular the channels of the honeycomb body can also be isometric, for example with a hexagonal or sinusoidal cross section.
  • the main part H of the honeycomb body is delimited by approximately gas-tight side walls, which are built up by the lateral folding webs 111 of the sheet metal layers.
  • the housing G according to FIG. 17, above, can lie closely against the folding webs to support the side walls.
  • the housing is laterally spaced from the sheet metal layers and the flow channels are shown by flanging or removing the folding webs, as shown in FIG. 17, above. open laterally on both sides, the flow channels in the inflow and / or outflow area can also extend only over part of the width of the carrier body and flow channels open on one side can also be provided. As indicated by the flow arrows, a medium can penetrate into the U-shaped open flow channels S both frontally and laterally, which significantly increases the effectiveness of a corresponding catalyst.
  • a second honeycomb body arranged behind the first honeycomb body can have a different orientation of the sheet metal layers constituting it, so that, according to the exemplary embodiment, the sheet metal layers of the two honeycomb bodies are rotated by 90 ° to one another.
  • the honeycomb bodies are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction by the intermediate region Z to enable homogenization of the medium.
  • the sheet metal layers of the first honeycomb in the inflow direction. body can be arranged such that a flow occurs parallel and not obliquely to the sheet metal layers, as would be the case with an arrangement according to the second honeycomb body 112 according to Figure 17, above, with the sheet metal layers 120.
  • the sheet metal layers within the honeycomb body can then be arranged in a continuation of the sheet metal layers of the inflow area, optionally also as separate sheet metal sections. A turbulence at the front edges of the sheet metal layers is hereby avoided, which results in more favorable flow conditions.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un corps alvéolaire (14), notamment un support de pot catalytique, comportant une structure alvéolaire qui présente une pluralité de canaux (16) s'étendant dans le sens longitudinal du corps alvéolaire et pouvant être traversés par un fluide. Le corps alvéolaire présente des couches de tôles (15) empilées les unes sur les autres. Afin de mettre au point un corps alvéolaire qui permette de parvenir à une large possibilité d'application des conversions catalytiques avec une faible inertie thermique et de produire des pots catalytiques de manière économique, il est prévu des canaux (16) dont l'extension en section transversale présente dans un premier sens, un multiple de l'extension en section transversale dans une autre direction. Les canaux peuvent notamment s'étendre sur toute la largeur du corps alvéolaire. Afin de stabiliser le corps alvéolaire, il est possible de prévoir des éléments de renforcement (19,20) faisant partie intégrante des couches de tôles ou en étant séparées.
EP00938550A 1999-05-14 2000-05-12 Corps alveolaire Withdrawn EP1180205A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19922356 1999-05-14
DE19922356A DE19922356C2 (de) 1999-05-14 1999-05-14 Wabenkörper
PCT/DE2000/001494 WO2000070207A1 (fr) 1999-05-14 2000-05-12 Corps alveolaire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1180205A1 true EP1180205A1 (fr) 2002-02-20

Family

ID=7908142

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00938550A Withdrawn EP1180205A1 (fr) 1999-05-14 2000-05-12 Corps alveolaire

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6793896B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1180205A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19922356C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000070207A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7326669B2 (en) * 2001-09-20 2008-02-05 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Substrate having catalyst compositions on surfaces of opposite sides
DE10317451A1 (de) * 2003-04-16 2004-11-18 Degussa Ag Reaktor für heterogen katalysierte Reaktionen
DE102004001419A1 (de) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-16 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Herstellung eines strukturierten Bleches für Abgasbehandlungseinrichtungen
DE102004037706A1 (de) * 2004-08-04 2006-03-16 Purem Abgassysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Filterplatte für einen Partikelfilter
US20070122318A1 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-05-31 Habeger Craig F Catalytic converter
US8007731B2 (en) * 2007-08-10 2011-08-30 Corning Incorporated Fluid treatment device having a multiple ceramic honeycomb layered structure
CN102798123B (zh) * 2011-05-26 2016-05-04 中山炫能燃气科技股份有限公司 一种红外线金属发热体及其制作方法
US20200340765A1 (en) * 2019-04-26 2020-10-29 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchanger for high prandtl number fluids
US11162737B2 (en) * 2019-04-29 2021-11-02 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Offset/slanted cross counter flow heat exchanger

Family Cites Families (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2944841A1 (de) * 1979-11-07 1981-05-21 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Katalytischer abgaskonverter fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE3517035C1 (de) 1985-05-11 1986-10-30 Süddeutsche Kühlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr GmbH & Co KG, 7000 Stuttgart Matrix fuer einen katalytischen Reaktor zur Abgasreinigung
FI74523C (fi) * 1986-04-29 1988-02-08 Kemira Oy Framstaellnings- och befaestningsfoerfarande av en katalytcell avsedd foer rening av avgas.
US5177960A (en) 1988-12-13 1993-01-12 Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha Metal-made carrier body for exhaust gas
JPH0673634B2 (ja) * 1990-07-30 1994-09-21 エミテツク ゲゼルシヤフト フユア エミツシオンス テクノロギー ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング 内部に支持構造物を備えた電気加熱可能なハニカム体特に触媒担体
US5460790A (en) 1992-02-25 1995-10-24 Blue Planet Technologies Co., L.P. Catalytic vessel for receiving metal catalysts by deposition from the gas phase
US5330728A (en) * 1992-11-13 1994-07-19 General Motors Corporation Catalytic converter with angled inlet face
US5948504A (en) * 1993-01-21 1999-09-07 Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh Electrically insulating supporting structure capable of metallic bonding, process for producing the same, electrically heatable catalytic converter and electrically conductive honeycomb body using the same
US5512250A (en) * 1994-03-02 1996-04-30 Catalytica, Inc. Catalyst structure employing integral heat exchange
CZ289693B6 (cs) 1994-04-11 2002-03-13 Scambia Industrial Developments Katalyzátor na katalytické oąetření výfukových plynů
JPH0829088A (ja) * 1994-07-11 1996-02-02 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd プレス成形した金属板を積層した多孔体
DE4435913A1 (de) * 1994-10-07 1996-04-11 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Mikrostrukturen in gekreuzter Anordnung
DE19530850A1 (de) 1995-08-22 1997-02-27 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Wabenkörpers aus zumindest zum Teil schichtartig aufgebauten Metallblechlagen
BR9510667A (pt) * 1995-12-13 1999-03-30 Nilsson Sven Indutor de turbulência em um reator
EP0858367B1 (fr) * 1996-05-31 2003-01-15 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Corps de support pour catalyseurs de gaz d'echappement
DE29611143U1 (de) * 1996-06-25 1996-09-12 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Konischer Wabenkörper mit Longitudinalstrukturen
DE19647400A1 (de) * 1996-11-15 1998-05-28 Siemens Ag Plattenkatalysator
DE19712154A1 (de) * 1997-03-22 1998-09-24 Inocermic Ges Fuer Innovative Struktur aus profilierten Elementen und deren Verwendung
JP3961609B2 (ja) 1997-04-09 2007-08-22 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 内燃機関用触媒コンバータの金属触媒担体
KR100313037B1 (ko) 1997-06-24 2002-04-24 가루소닛쿠 가부시끼가이샤 촉매컨버터
DE19816482C2 (de) * 1998-04-14 2001-11-29 Siemens Ag Plattenkatalysator
DE19922355A1 (de) * 1999-05-14 2000-11-23 Helmut Swars Katalysatorträgerkörper
DE19922357C1 (de) * 1999-05-14 2000-11-09 Helmut Swars Wabenkörper und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0070207A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6793896B1 (en) 2004-09-21
DE19922356A1 (de) 2000-11-23
DE19922356C2 (de) 2001-06-13
WO2000070207A1 (fr) 2000-11-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0484364B1 (fr) Corps en nid d'abeilles, a aretes internes d'entree, notamment support de catalyseur pour vehicule automobile
EP0483256B1 (fr) Element alveole avec des surfaces internes de guidage du flux, en particulier elements de catalyseurs pour vehicules a moteur
EP1830042B1 (fr) Mélangeur statique et dispositif de traitement de gaz d'échappement
WO1997049905A1 (fr) Corps en nid d'abeilles conique a structures longitudinales
EP0542775B1 (fr) Corps metallique monolithique en nid d'abeilles a nombre variable de canaux
EP0433222B1 (fr) Réacteur avec un corps de catalyseur pour effectuer une réaction hétérogène
EP0186801B1 (fr) Matrice porteuse en particulier pour un réacteur catalytique pour la purification des gaz d'échappement
EP1682842B1 (fr) Canal d'ecoulement pour dispositif de transfert de chaleur et dispositif de transfert de chaleur comprenant de tels canaux d'ecoulement
EP0784507B1 (fr) Microstructures croisees
EP1089819B1 (fr) Corps en nids d'abeilles metallique monolithique avec un nombre de canaux variable
EP0542805B1 (fr) Corps en nid d'abeilles ayant des canaux a sections transversales diverses, notamment corps de support de catalyseur
EP1529156B1 (fr) Element alveolaire metallique compose de couches de tole au moins partiellement perforees
WO2000070207A1 (fr) Corps alveolaire
DE69727819T2 (de) Metallfolie für einen metallischen Katalysatorträger und damit arbeitender metallischer Katalysator
DE4345130C1 (de) Hohlzylindrisches Filterelement
EP1179126B1 (fr) Support de pot catalytique
DE10356997A1 (de) Partikelfilter
DE19922357C1 (de) Wabenkörper und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP0959988B1 (fr) Corps en nid-d'abeilles avec zone de section transversale encadree a l'interieur, en particulier pour petits moteurs
EP3464850B1 (fr) Corps en nid d'abeilles pour le post-traitement des gaz d'échappement
DE4410974A1 (de) Wabenstrukturkörper
EP0969929B1 (fr) Corps en nid d'abeilles, notamment corps de support de catalyseur, avec une paroi a structure renforcee
EP1180204B1 (fr) Corps alveolaire
DE69817685T2 (de) Katalysator
DE102004058590A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Partikelfiltern

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20011002

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20051201