EP1178995A1 - Herstellung von olefin-kohlenmonoxidpolymeren - Google Patents

Herstellung von olefin-kohlenmonoxidpolymeren

Info

Publication number
EP1178995A1
EP1178995A1 EP00930743A EP00930743A EP1178995A1 EP 1178995 A1 EP1178995 A1 EP 1178995A1 EP 00930743 A EP00930743 A EP 00930743A EP 00930743 A EP00930743 A EP 00930743A EP 1178995 A1 EP1178995 A1 EP 1178995A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydrocarbyl
hydrogen
carbon monoxide
independently
substituted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP00930743A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lin Wang
Geraldine Marie Lenges
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Publication of EP1178995A1 publication Critical patent/EP1178995A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/46—Phosphinous acids [R2POH], [R2P(= O)H]: Thiophosphinous acids including[R2PSH]; [R2P(=S)H]; Aminophosphines [R2PNH2]; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
    • C07F9/5027—Polyphosphines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G67/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing oxygen or oxygen and carbon, not provided for in groups C08G2/00 - C08G65/00
    • C08G67/02—Copolymers of carbon monoxide and aliphatic unsaturated compounds

Definitions

  • Olefin/carbon monoxide copolymers are items of commerce, being useful for injection molded parts for various industrial uses. Usually these copolymers are alternating (to a great extent) copolymers. The most common method of making these polymers is catalyzing the copolymerization with various complexes of palladium. While these complexes are satisfactory from a reaction viewpoint, economically they have the great disadvantage of using palladium, a very expensive metal . Thus cheaper catalysts that would make these polymers are being sought .
  • each Ar is aryl or substituted aryl; each R is independently hydrogen, hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl; Cy is cyclohexyl; each R 4 is independently alkyl containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms ;
  • Cy is cyclohexyl; each R is independently alkyl containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R is hydrogen or n-alkyl containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms ; and each R is hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl .
  • substituted hydrocarbyl herein is meant a hydrocarbyl group which contains one or more substituent groups which are inert under the process conditions to which the compound containing these groups is subjected. The substituent groups also do not substantially interfere with the process. If not otherwise stated, it is preferred that substituted hydrocarbyl groups herein contain 1 to about 30 carbon atoms. Included in the meaning of "substituted” are heteroaromatic rings. All of the hydrogen atoms in a substituted hydrocarbyl group may be substituted, as in perfluoroalkyl . Other groups may be "substituted" in an analogous manner.
  • (inert) functional group herein is meant a group other than hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl which is inert under the process conditions to which the compound containing the group is subjected.
  • the functional groups also do not substantially interfere with any process described herein that the compound in which they are present may take part in.
  • Examples of functional groups include halo (fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo) , ether such as -OR wherein R is hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl.
  • relatively noncoordinating anions or “weakly coordinating anions” are meant those anions as are generally referred to in the art in this manner, and the coordinating ability of such anions is known and has been discussed in the literature, see for instance W. Beck., et al . , Chem . Rev . , vol. 88 p. 1405-1421 (1988), and S. H. Stares, Chem. Rev. , vol. 93, p. 927-942 (1993), both of which are hereby included by reference.
  • Such anions are those formed from the aluminum compounds in the immediately preceding paragraph and X " , including R 3 A1X , R 9 2 A1C1X “ , R 9 A1C1 2 X “ , and “R 9 A10X “ “ , wherein R 9 is alkyl.
  • Included within the meaning of adding a specified complex of nickel is the addition of ingredients which are known in the art to form such a complex under the process conditions .
  • each R is independently an alkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably each R 4 is independently methyl or ethyl, and especially every R is ethyl.
  • each R is independently alkyl, more preferably each R is independently an alkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and especially every R is methyl .
  • the amount of compound (I), (II), (III), and/or (IV) supplied to the polymerization process may vary, but is conveniently selected in the range of from about 0.1 to about 2 moles of compound per gram atom of nickel . Preferably, the amount is in the range of from about 0.5 to about 1.5 moles of compound per mole nickel compound.
  • Preferred Bronsted acids are strong acids, i.e. those which have a pKa of less than about 6, in particular less than about 4, more in particular less than about 2, when measured in aqueous solution at 18°C.
  • suitable Bronstead acids are protic acids that may also participate in the nickel salts, e.g. trifluoroacetic acid.
  • protic acids which may be used are sulfonic acids and hydrohalogenic acids, in particular hydrogen fluoride, tetrafluoroboric acid and hexafluoroboric acid (HBF 4 and HBF 5 ) .
  • the activity of the catalyst composition may be such that amounts in the range from 10 ' to 10 " gram atom of nickel per mole of olefinically unsaturated compound to be copolymerized are adequate. Preferably, the amount will be from 10 " to 10 " , on the same basis.
  • R is hydrogen or an alkyl containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably R is hydrogen (ethylene) or methyl (propylene) , and especially preferably R is hydrogen.
  • the molar ratio of on the one hand carbon monoxide to on the other hand the olefinically unsaturated compound (s) may be selected within a wide range, for example in the range of from about 1:50 to about 20:1. However, it is preferred to employ a molar ratio in the range of from about 1:20 to about 2:1.
  • the process of the invention is conveniently carried out in the presence of a diluent .
  • a diluent is used in which the copolymers are insoluble or virtually insoluble so that they form a suspension upon their formation.
  • Recommended diluents are polar organic liquids, such as ketones, ethers, esters or amides.
  • protic liquids are used, such as monohydric and dihydric alcohols, in particular the lower alcohols having at most 4 carbon atoms per molecule, such as methanol and ethanol .
  • the process of this invention may also be carried out as a gas phase process, in which case the catalyst is typically deposited on a solid particulate material or chemically bound thereto .
  • a solid particulate material suspended in the diluent before the monomers are contacted with the catalyst composition.
  • Suitable solid particulate materials are silica, polyethylene and a copolymer of carbon monoxide and an olefinically unsaturated compound, preferably a copolymer which is based on the same monomers as the copolymer to be prepared.
  • the quantity of the solid particulate material is preferably in the range of from about 0.1 to about 20 g, particularly from about 0.5 to about 10 g, per 100 g diluent .
  • the copolymers can be recovered from the polymerization mixture by using conventional techniques. When a diluent is used the copolymers may be recovered by filtration or by evaporation of the diluent. The copolymer may be purified to some extent by washing.
  • Copolymers are suitably prepared in which the units originating from carbon monoxide on the one hand and the units originating from the olefinically unsaturated compound (s) on the other hand occur in an alternating or substantially alternating arrangement.
  • the term "substantially alternating” will generally be understood by one skilled in the art as meaning that the molar ratio of the units originating from carbon monoxide to the units originating from the olefinically unsaturated compound is above about 35:65, in particular above about 40:60. When polymers are completely alternating this ratio equals 50:50.
  • the copolymers produced have a number average molecular weight (Mn) of at least about 10,000, more preferably more than about 20,000, and especially preferably more than about 30,000.
  • Mn number average molecular weight
  • the Mn may be measured by Gel Permeation Chromatography using hexafluoroisopropanol as a solvent .
  • the nickel content of the copolymers will typically be above about 0.01 ppm by weight, relative to the weight of the copolymer. It is preferred to prepare copolymers which have a nickel content in the range of from about 0.05 to about 300 ppm, in particular from about 0.1 to about 200 ppm, relative to the weight of the copolymer.
  • the copolymers are substantially free, preferably free of palladium. "Substantially free of palladium" means to the skilled person that the palladium content is lower than the value normally achieved when a palladium based catalyst is employed in the copolymerization, for example less than 1 ppm by weight, in particular less than 0.1 ppm, relative to the weight of the copolymer.
  • the weight ratio of palladium to nickel is less than about 1:50, in particular less than about 1:100 or most in particular even less than about 1:200.
  • This procedure is general for cationic nickel-catalyzed ethylene/carbon monoxide (E/CO) copolymerization.
  • a reactor was charged with nickel [II] acetate tetrahydrate (0.05 mmol) and the diphosphine (0.06 mmol) .
  • a methanol solution of trifluoroacetic acid (0.2 mmol/5mL) was added, and the reactor was brought out of the drybox.
  • the reactor was evacuated, charged with ethylene (350 kPa; all pressures are gauge pressures) and E/CO (1:1, 3.90 MPa) and the reaction was run for 16 h at 90 °C. Under these conditions, the final pressure was 5.17 MPa. Polymer was recovered from the shaker vials, washed with methanol and dried under high vacuum overnight .
  • the samples were submitted for Differential Scanning Calorimetry (melting point Tm, determined at a heating rate of 10°C/min on the first heat, and taken as the peak of the endotherm) .
  • Example 3 determination of the molecular weight of the polymer by Differential Scanning Calorimetry in hexafluoroisopropanol gave a number average molecular weight of 81,800, and a weight average molecular weight of 129,000.
  • Comparative Example A the "Compound" used was
  • Example 5 In a drybox, 1.20 g R-(+)-l, 1' -bi-2-naphthol (Aldrich Chemical Co., Milwaukee, WI, U.S.A.), 2.00 g dicyclohexylphosphorus chloride (Strem Chemical) and 1.70 g triethylamine were dissolved in 25 mL THF . The mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 35 h. The mixture was filtered through Celite ® , followed by 3X10mL tetrahydrofuran wash. The combined filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure. The product was dried in vacuo overnight. White solid was obtained. The conversion was quantitative.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Polyethers (AREA)
EP00930743A 1999-05-13 2000-05-12 Herstellung von olefin-kohlenmonoxidpolymeren Ceased EP1178995A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13392499P 1999-05-13 1999-05-13
US133924P 1999-05-13
PCT/US2000/013318 WO2000069867A1 (en) 1999-05-13 2000-05-12 Manufacture of olefin/carbon monoxide polymers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1178995A1 true EP1178995A1 (de) 2002-02-13

Family

ID=22460937

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00930743A Ceased EP1178995A1 (de) 1999-05-13 2000-05-12 Herstellung von olefin-kohlenmonoxidpolymeren

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1178995A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2002544334A (de)
AU (1) AU4850900A (de)
WO (1) WO2000069867A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2617547C (en) 2005-08-02 2013-10-08 Arkema Inc. Methods of producing vinyl aromatic polymers using (meth)acrylic macroinitiators

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2055752A1 (en) * 1990-12-03 1992-06-04 Peter Anton August Klusener Catalyst compositions
ZA964914B (en) * 1995-06-12 1997-01-08 Shell Int Research Catalyst composition and process for the preparation of copolymers of carbon monoxide and an olefinically unsaturated compound
DE19548146C1 (de) * 1995-12-21 1997-11-20 Basf Ag Tris(pyrazolyl)boratmetallkomplex-Katalysatoren und deren Verwendung
DE19649072A1 (de) * 1996-11-28 1998-06-04 Basf Ag Thermoplastische, elastomere Kohlenmonoxid/Olefin-Copolymere
US6137012A (en) * 1998-10-13 2000-10-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Phosphole and diphosphole ligands for catalysis

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0069867A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2000069867A1 (en) 2000-11-23
JP2002544334A (ja) 2002-12-24
AU4850900A (en) 2000-12-05

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