EP1174233A1 - Satz von Bausteinen und Herstellungsverfahren - Google Patents

Satz von Bausteinen und Herstellungsverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1174233A1
EP1174233A1 EP01870162A EP01870162A EP1174233A1 EP 1174233 A1 EP1174233 A1 EP 1174233A1 EP 01870162 A EP01870162 A EP 01870162A EP 01870162 A EP01870162 A EP 01870162A EP 1174233 A1 EP1174233 A1 EP 1174233A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block
blocks
protuberance
assembly according
building
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01870162A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
J.D. Huberty
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Entreprises Roosens Services sca
Original Assignee
Entreprises Roosens Services sca
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP00870167A external-priority patent/EP1174232A1/de
Application filed by Entreprises Roosens Services sca filed Critical Entreprises Roosens Services sca
Priority to EP01870162A priority Critical patent/EP1174233A1/de
Publication of EP1174233A1 publication Critical patent/EP1174233A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/24—Unitary mould structures with a plurality of moulding spaces, e.g. moulds divided into multiple moulding spaces by integratable partitions, mould part structures providing a number of moulding spaces in mutual co-operation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a set of a first building block of substantially shaped form parallelepiped and a second building block from substantially parallelepiped shape, said first and second blocks being nestable by tenon and mortise.
  • blocks In the construction field there are so-called blocks "traditional” which are joined together by a bed of mortar and blocks which are dry assembled with tenon and mortise and are then filled with a mortar grout. Building blocks generally having an internal cavity for receiving the mortar which secures the blocks together to form a wall, for example.
  • British patent application GB 2,091,775 A describes a building block whose shape allows interlocking provided seal the blocks together with a usual amount of mortar. The constructions carried out in this way will therefore have a cost equivalent to those made with so-called "traditional" blocks.
  • the object of the present invention is to obtain blocks of construction of a building whose design allows construction by interlocking, which is easier to perform and requires very little mortar, in particular adhesive mortar, without affecting the solidity of the construction carried out.
  • the blocks described in this invention are assimilated to the so-called “hollow” blocks because the hollowed out part of the blocks according to the present invention represents more than 10% of the volume of these blocks.
  • the constructions made with the block according to the invention also have a lower cost compared to constructions traditional while presenting a better quality, both in terms of the solidity of the buildings at the level of the finish.
  • the invention provides a set of a first building block of substantially shaped building parallelepiped and a second building block from substantially parallelepiped shape, said first and second blocks being nestable by tenon and mortise, each block comprising a first U-shaped opening flared on each side transverse of the parallelepiped and a second opening extending over at least part of the area on the longitudinal side, the first and the second opening joining in the upper part of the flared U, at least one edge forming the junction between the longitudinal side and the upper part of the branches of the flared U of the first block forms a notch intended to receive a predetermined quantity of adhesive mortar and the second block includes at least one protrusion located at the base flared U allowing the nesting and sliding of the block construction, the protrusion of the second block coming into contact with the adhesive mortar and participating in the nesting of the second block of construction in the opening on the longitudinal side of the first block of construction.
  • This assembly makes it possible to make precise and stable assemblies of at least two blocks.
  • the protuberance at the base of the flared U of a first block interlocking with precision in the cavity formed by the upper part of the flared U of a second block.
  • the assembly of the blocks can also be arranged upside down without causing stability issues.
  • the air and water tightness is improved by compared to conventional block sets due to the small quantity adhesive mortar deposited at the junction between the upper block and the block inferior.
  • the fact that the adhesive mortar is placed at this location precise which forms a notch allows the adhesive mortar to spread over all the surface of the gap which is at the junction between the longitudinal side of the first block and the upper part of the flared U of the second block. So, not only is the seal excellent, but also the adhesive mortar being deposited in a very small quantity, determined according to the volume of the notch to be filled, it does not overflow and the assembly thus produced is present a good finish without having to remove the adhesive mortar excess.
  • All the blocks according to the invention can be used for the realization of a building by superimposing horizontal rows of blocks arranged, in particular, so that the vertical joints of the building blocks are staggered.
  • the present invention also provides a set comprising a third block which includes a shaped opening U flared on the transverse sides of the parallelepiped and one side longitudinal open whose opening at least partially forms the part upper part of the flared U and in that it comprises a surface which is substantially hovers at the base of the flared U.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to use this type of block at the base of constructions, their great stability being ensured by the substantially flat surface being in contact with the ground.
  • the ends can also be made with this type of block.
  • the present invention also provides a fourth block as a component of the assembly, the protrusion of which includes a stage arranged under the external face of the protuberance, this stage having a staircase profile with a width less than the width of said protuberance so as to be insertable into the opening of another block of the whole.
  • This fourth type of block is used in so-called masonry apparent, that is to say that the walls constructed in this way do not need then be plastered or covered with plaster. Assembled blocks have an excellent finish.
  • a fifth type of block is provided by the invention with a protuberance which comprises a stage extending over half of the length of the protrusion at the base of the block.
  • This type of block of the invention can be used in a construction known as "with opposed joints”.
  • One of the advantages of the present invention is the shape of the first embodiment of a building block according to the invention, whose flared U-shaped opening represents at least 50% of the height of the block.
  • This shape makes it possible to have a hollow block which allows a stable and precise fitting with at least one other block of the same type. It is also possible to place reinforcements inside the blocks to form lintels or for returns. he is also possible to place cables or pipes inside these blocks, the internal space formed by the flared U-shaped opening being sufficiently great for that.
  • Another advantage of the building block according to the invention is that, when it has a protuberance at the base of the flared U, this protuberance has a thickness (h P ) at least substantially equal to one fifth of the height (h T ) of the longitudinal wall of said building block.
  • An additional advantage of the present invention is to provide a building block whose length is substantially equal to twice its width and substantially equal to twice its height. According to the invention, a block is also provided, the length of which is substantially equal to its width and its height.
  • the present invention also relates to a seal for building block as a component of the whole of the invention, this joint being arranged to be disposed between two blocks of the assembly, the profile of the joint being modeled on the lateral profile of the blocks between which it is arranged, the width of said joint being less than that of the lateral profile blocks between which it is disposed, said seal being thus arranged at fit into the opening of another block staggered under the two blocks.
  • This joint allows to realize sets in masonry related.
  • the joint placed between the blocks provides a spacing that compensates for any gaps that may exist between the blocks.
  • a regular wall is thus obtained with great ease of positioning of the blocks.
  • this seal provides an excellent seal vertical to air and water, which completes the horizontal seal provided by the adhesive mortar placed at the junction between blocks staggered.
  • the seal is made of an elastic material, of preferably polystyrene or Neoprene®. This helps to catch up unevenness in length and elasticity of the material is also adapted to temperature variations.
  • the bottom of the block is then slope so that the lowest part is at the level of the hole evacuation so as to allow the natural flow of water and prevent it from stagnating at the bottom of the blocks.
  • the present invention also relates to a mold for the formation of at least two building construction blocks comprising at least a first sequence of cubicles substantially in U-shaped and at least a second sequence of cubicles substantially U-shaped, arranged so that the first cubicle sequence and the second cubicle sequence are arranged on horseback in relation to each other.
  • the invention also relates to the use of such a mold to form building blocks of substantially shaped shape parallelepiped, nestable by tenon and mortise, said block including a flared U-shaped opening on the transverse sides of the parallelepiped and an open longitudinal side whose opening at least partially forms the upper part of the flared U and including a protrusion located at the base of the flared U.
  • the invention relates to the use of the mold described above to form shape building building blocks substantially parallelepiped, nestable by tenon and mortise, said blocks comprising a U-shaped opening flared on the transverse sides of the parallelepiped and an open longitudinal side of which the opening at least partially forms the upper part of the flared U and comprising a substantially flat surface at the base of the flared U.
  • the use of these types of mold makes it possible to manufacture a large number of blocks using only two types of molds.
  • the first type of mold is used to form the blocks with or without protuberance for which the length L of the block is substantially equal twice the width I and twice the height h.
  • the second type of mold is used to form blocks with or without protuberance for which the length L of the block is substantially equal to the width I and to the height h of the block.
  • Each mold can be used to form several blocks at a time. Indeed, the blocks having flared U-shaped openings on the transverse sides, it is possible to nest them vertically. This edge-to-edge manufacturing process is rapid and of moderate cost, since a large number of blocks can be produced at the same time and with a significant yield.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section of a block of construction according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 a, b, c shows in cross section with break, the interlocking of two building blocks according to the invention with the installation of a small amount of adhesive mortar which spreads over the contact surface between the blocks without overflowing.
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective view with broken of an embodiment of a wall with blocks according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a perspective view with broken of a mold for manufacturing the blocks according to the invention.
  • Figure 5 shows a perspective view with broken of an example of construction made with blocks according to the invention.
  • Figure 6a shows a perspective view of one of the blocks of the invention comprising a protrusion with a stage extending on half of the protuberance, said stage being divided into two parts and the block also comprising a discharge hole.
  • Figure 6b shows a perspective view of one of the blocks of the invention where the stage extends over the entire length of the protuberance, said floor being divided into two parts.
  • Figure 7 is a longitudinal section of the block shown in Fig 6a.
  • Figure 8 shows a seal as described in the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of an example of construction made with blocks of the invention between which are arranged joints.
  • FIG. 1 an example of a building block according to the invention is shown in cross section.
  • the building block shown includes a flared U-shaped opening on the sides transverse of the block and this opening extends, in one embodiment preferred, over about 70% of the depth of the block, which allows fill the cavity thus formed with mortar.
  • the preferred proportions of a building block according to the present invention are as follows: the length of a block is substantially equal to twice its width. Likewise, the length of a block is substantially equal to twice its height.
  • the protuberance provided at the base of the U flared to a thickness sufficient to allow a stable nesting with another building block of the invention, for example, this protuberance has a thickness representing approximately two thirds of the thickness of a building block wall.
  • Figure 2 shows in cross section how two blocks 1, 2 according to the invention are nestable.
  • the first step (Fig. 2a) consists of adding, at the upper corner, the branches of the flared U of a block, of a small quantity of adhesive mortar 3.
  • Figure 2b shows that a second block 1 is then fitted onto the first 2. This has the effect, due to the pressure exerted by the second block on the first, to allow the adhesive mortar 3 to extend over the entire surface of contact between the blocks at the time of nesting as is shown in Figure 2c.
  • a flange is provided on the corner external superior of the branches of the flared U. This ledge constitutes a stop which allows the adhesive to be contained in a cavity which is created by this rim, between the two blocks to be assembled.
  • the Figure 2c also shows the nesting and sealing of the blocks fully performed optimally with a minimum amount of tile adhesive. This process saves material by ensuring a solid and precise fitting of the building blocks together, more, there is no adhesive mortar overflow to the outside, which ensures a very clean finish.
  • FIGS 3 and 5 Examples of constructions made with blocks of construction according to the invention are shown in Figures 3 and 5.
  • the wall seen in perspective in Figure 3, allows to show an example use of at least four types of blocks provided by the invention. This wall is made, by fitting blocks "with opposed joints".
  • the assembly of the blocks is in fact carried out so as to superimpose horizontal rows of blocks arranged one on top of the other so that the vertical joints of the building blocks are staggered and do not form a straight vertical line.
  • the building block with protrusion 4 is therefore nested in the so-called "with opposed joints" in a building block 5 and in a building block 6. It can be observed that the building block 4 has a length substantially equal to twice that of blocks 5.
  • the row of building blocks forming the base of the wall is made with building blocks of the invention does with no protuberance at the base of the flared U 7, this profile allowing great stability to the construction thus produced.
  • This guy of a building block whose surface at the base of the flared U is substantially flat solves other particular points of construction as shown in Figure 5. Indeed, the wall shown in perspective in this figure describes the different possibilities offered by the building blocks according to the invention to solve different points in the construction of a building some of which are listed below.
  • building blocks comprising a substantially flat surface at the base of the flared U 8 are arranged perpendicular to the adjacent blocks, allowing close the end of the walls.
  • the blocks adjacent to these end blocks 8 are composed of blocks with protuberance at the base of the flared U, these blocks have a length L 4 or L / 2 5 and are stacked alternately.
  • the door or window lintels are resolved by the placement of iron reinforcement building blocks 7 in the cavity 9 which are embedded in mortar to ensure the joining of adjacent blocks and thus constitute solid lintels.
  • the wall angles are made in the same way as the butts, by putting on each side of blocks 8 of blocks 4 and 5 which are alternately stacked as shown in Figure 5.
  • This construction process involves dimensional regularity of the building block profile. This is obtained at the level the manufacture of building blocks according to the invention by a complete block formwork.
  • the material used for the manufacture of building blocks according to the invention is demold concrete instantaneous (approximately 20 seconds), it is a concrete which is very dry.
  • the blocks thus removed from the mold are then placed in an oven for 24 hours.
  • Other materials, such as terracotta for example, can be used.
  • the molds used to form the blocks of the invention make it possible to obtain a large number of blocks of construction at the same time thanks to the arrangement of cubicle sequences which are arranged astride each other and are therefore strongly nested within each other. Indeed, are obtained thus rows of blocks placed on the transverse side alternating with rows of blocks arranged in the opposite direction so as to nest two longitudinal walls of two adjacent blocks 10, 11 in the cavity internal of a third block 12 as shown in FIG. 4.
  • Two types of molds are used to obtain blocks construction with or without protuberance on the surface of the flared U, this which significantly reduces production costs while obtaining an excellent finish of the building blocks thus obtained.
  • Figs. 6a and 6b show two embodiments of a block according to the invention which have at the base of the flared U a protuberance comprising a stage 13 divided into two parts substantially parallel to each other and which extend either over substantially half the length of the external face, i.e. over the entire length of the external face of the protuberance.
  • a discharge hole 14 is provided which is disposed in the bottom of the block to one of the ends.
  • this block can in particular be assembled with a solid block also having a floor 13 over half the length of the protuberance.
  • the solid block forms a end of wall and it is inserted in staggered rows in a hollow block.
  • Fig. 7 shows a profile block which includes a protuberance provided with a stage 13 over half of its length.
  • Line substantially horizontal shown in dotted lines represents the bottom of the block that is sloping, the lower part of the slope being at a end of the block where there is a discharge hole 14.
  • the hole outlet 14 can be located at another location in the block depending on the use we want to make of the block. If the drain hole 14 is in the central part of the bottom of the block, the bottom of the block will have a slope descending towards the central part of the block so as to allow natural flow of water. This avoids stagnation and increased humidity inside walls built with these blocks.
  • Fig. 8 shows an example of seal 15 used in combination with the blocks of the invention. His profile matches the profile side of a block with protrusion but the width of the joint 15 is less than the width of the block so as to obtain a construction having a satisfactory aesthetic appearance.
  • these seals 15 are used for make exposed masonry walls, they are staggered in the hollow blocks of the invention and make it possible to compensate for the gaps between the blocks in order to obtain a construction of regular appearance with excellent water and air tightness properties thanks to the presence of joints and assembly of blocks using adhesive mortar arranged in particular on the edges of the flared U of the blocks. This allows a completely sealed junction of the blocks without causing adhesive mortar overflow. The installation is therefore quick, without steps additional wiping of excess adhesive mortar and finishing and aesthetic qualities of the construction are excellent.
  • FIG. 9 An example of an exposed masonry construction made with blocks of the invention is shown in FIG. 9.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP01870162A 2000-07-20 2001-07-19 Satz von Bausteinen und Herstellungsverfahren Withdrawn EP1174233A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01870162A EP1174233A1 (de) 2000-07-20 2001-07-19 Satz von Bausteinen und Herstellungsverfahren

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00870167 2000-07-20
EP00870167A EP1174232A1 (de) 2000-07-20 2000-07-20 Baustein und Herstellungsverfahren
EP01870162A EP1174233A1 (de) 2000-07-20 2001-07-19 Satz von Bausteinen und Herstellungsverfahren

Publications (1)

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EP1174233A1 true EP1174233A1 (de) 2002-01-23

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EP01870162A Withdrawn EP1174233A1 (de) 2000-07-20 2001-07-19 Satz von Bausteinen und Herstellungsverfahren

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2839096A1 (fr) * 2002-04-24 2003-10-31 Francois Bedos Bloc de construction, dispositif de fabrication et palette de conditionnement de ce bloc
FR3053370A1 (fr) * 2016-07-02 2018-01-05 Michel Balmet Ensemble de blocs pour la construction
FR3082539A1 (fr) * 2018-06-14 2019-12-20 Michel Balmet Ensemble de modules monobloc pour la construction

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1024694A (fr) * 1950-09-19 1953-04-03 éléments préfabriqués pour la construction
FR1093922A (fr) * 1954-02-26 1955-05-10 éléments préfabriqués pour la construction de murs et cloisons, et procédé d'utilisation de ces éléments
FR2050218A7 (de) * 1969-07-03 1971-04-02 Dussel Christian
DE3344519A1 (de) * 1983-12-09 1985-06-20 Siegfried 7858 Weil Geitlinger Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von bausteinen aus blaehfaehigem werkstoff in einer mehrfachform
DE3921777A1 (de) * 1989-03-16 1990-10-04 Irbit Research & Consulting Ag Dichtungselement

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1024694A (fr) * 1950-09-19 1953-04-03 éléments préfabriqués pour la construction
FR1093922A (fr) * 1954-02-26 1955-05-10 éléments préfabriqués pour la construction de murs et cloisons, et procédé d'utilisation de ces éléments
FR2050218A7 (de) * 1969-07-03 1971-04-02 Dussel Christian
DE3344519A1 (de) * 1983-12-09 1985-06-20 Siegfried 7858 Weil Geitlinger Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von bausteinen aus blaehfaehigem werkstoff in einer mehrfachform
DE3921777A1 (de) * 1989-03-16 1990-10-04 Irbit Research & Consulting Ag Dichtungselement

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2839096A1 (fr) * 2002-04-24 2003-10-31 Francois Bedos Bloc de construction, dispositif de fabrication et palette de conditionnement de ce bloc
FR3053370A1 (fr) * 2016-07-02 2018-01-05 Michel Balmet Ensemble de blocs pour la construction
FR3082539A1 (fr) * 2018-06-14 2019-12-20 Michel Balmet Ensemble de modules monobloc pour la construction

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