EP0451249B1 - Neue bauelemente - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0451249B1
EP0451249B1 EP90916105A EP90916105A EP0451249B1 EP 0451249 B1 EP0451249 B1 EP 0451249B1 EP 90916105 A EP90916105 A EP 90916105A EP 90916105 A EP90916105 A EP 90916105A EP 0451249 B1 EP0451249 B1 EP 0451249B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
constructional
arch
primary
elements
longitudinal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90916105A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0451249A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-François Valdebouze
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0213—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of round shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a primary construction element formed by two longitudinal support profiles of equal length and height separated from each other and connected together by a longitudinal connection profile of the same length connecting the two support profiles so as to form, in cross section, a bridge whose support profiles form the stacks, an arch being formed between these two support profiles and the connection profile, the geometrical configuration of the upper surface of the connection profile being similar to that of the configuration of the arch so that the upper surface of the connection profile of another construction element can be housed exactly in said arch.
  • Patent CA-A-1 081 911 describes building elements consisting of a fiberglass or concrete envelope filled with foam, which have a tongue on their upper face and a groove on their lower face. For mounting, the elements are placed between an upper rail and a lower rail, and a seal is placed in the groove between two elements. Cables arranged at regular intervals between the upper and lower rails hold all the rails and the construction elements.
  • One of the aims of the present invention is precisely to allow to continue to benefit from the advantages of bricks, obtained from terracotta, raw earth or other concrete which are easy to handle and light due to their aerated structure, while allowing the realization of constructions or easy and precise assemblies of said construction elements.
  • the primary building element according to the invention is characterized in that the upper surface of the connecting profile has over its entire length a longitudinal groove bordered by two longitudinal edges, the upper part of the arch having a projecting part or rib having an approximately corresponding configuration such that the projecting part of another construction element can be housed in the aforementioned groove when the upper surface of the connecting profile is housed in said arch.
  • the support profiles are of a different width.
  • this primary element comprises a connecting profile having in cross section the shape of a staircase, formed of successive stages or steps, possibly inclined, the arch having a corresponding configuration.
  • the aforementioned elements are made of terracotta, raw earth or any other material used in construction such as concrete, aerated concrete, lightweight concrete.
  • the aforementioned elements are honeycombed or not honeycombed.
  • honeycombed elements for example, in the case of raw earth, they will preferably prepared by molding and therefore not honeycombed. It will be the same in the case of the various concretes likely to be used. In the case of terracotta, they will preferably be prepared by spinning or extrusion before cooking and therefore will be honeycombed.
  • the upper surface of the connecting profile has over its entire length a longitudinal groove bordered by two longitudinal edges, the upper part of the arch having a projecting part or rib having a configuration approximately corresponding such that the projecting part of another construction element can be housed in the aforementioned groove when the upper surface of the connecting profile is housed in said arch.
  • the invention also relates to a basic element intended to serve as a basic part for a construction formed using the aforementioned primary elements, said basic element differing from the primary element only in that said arch is removed, the lower surface therefore being substantially planar.
  • the invention further relates to a cover element or cap intended to serve as a part of a construction formed using the aforementioned primary elements, said cover element differing from the primary element only in that the upper surface of the connection profile is eliminated, the upper surface formed by the connection profile and the tops of the support profiles being planar.
  • cover element or cap it has an upper surface with a double slope.
  • both of the primary elements and of the basic or covering elements according to the invention are formed of terracotta and comprise axial cavities or conduits for lightening and / or longitudinal ventilation.
  • the primary building element 1, of the brick type, shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 has, in cross section, two asymmetrical end parts 10 and 11 linked together by a connecting part 1C of so as to form a bridge, the piers of which are constituted by these end parts 10, 11.
  • the connecting part 1C disposed between the piers 10 and 11 has a projecting part 1C 'relative to the upper plane 6'a and 6' b batteries and has a top surface 1A.
  • the arch 1D formed between the stacks 10 and 11 and the lower surface 1B of the projecting part 1C has the same configuration as the projecting part 1C 'of the connecting part 1C.
  • the upper surface 1A of the projecting part 1C and the lower surface or lower surface 1B are similar, although the dimensions of the arch 1D are very slightly greater than that of the projecting part 1C to allow safe and easy penetration of the projecting part 1C of another brick in the hollow formed by said arch 1D of the building element.
  • the upper surface 1A of the element 1 is parallel to the lower surface or lower surface 1B of the arch, parallel to the upper planes 6'a and 6'b of the stacks and parallel to the feet 6a and 6b of said stacks.
  • the feet 6a and 6b are intended to rest on the surfaces of the upper planes 6'a and 6'b of another building element 1 or brick, the projecting part 1C of which is introduced into the hollow formed by said 1D arch.
  • the upper surface 1A of the projecting part 1C has two longitudinal edges which form a groove.
  • the lower surface 1B of the arch has a rib intended to be housed in the groove of the element located below. The advantages of this rib and this groove will be described in more detail below.
  • the asymmetry of the stacks 10 and 11 with respect to the vertical axis x / y of the connecting part 1C is manifested by a difference between the width b1 and b2 of the bases 6 of the stacks 10, 11 which can be of the order of 10 to 30 mm in standard construction.
  • construction elements 1 comprise a projecting part 1C and a complementary hollow part or arch 1B, that is to say one in relief, the other in hollow capable of perfectly interpenetrating.
  • the goal is to be able to superimpose two elements so that the upper part 1C 'of one penetrates precisely and completely seals the part 1D lower than the other.
  • the profile of the upper part 1C is dimensioned so that it is slightly smaller than the lower part 1D to allow, in practice, the interpenetration mentioned above and possibly the use of a product, known in itself, such as cement, glue, etc., ensures the surface adhesion of the superimposed materials.
  • construction elements 1 are superimposable due to the parallelism or quasi-parallelism of their upper and lower surfaces.
  • the primary elements 1 can have various profiles, for example staircase profiles or stepped profiles.
  • these stepped or storied profiles have steps or steps 7, 8 and 9 on the upper surface 1A and on the lower surface 1B raised portions or steps 7 ', 8', 9 '.
  • the connecting part of the element 1 has an upper surface 9 and a corresponding lower surface 9 '.
  • the upper surface 9 has a groove 16 laterally bordered by longitudinal edges 14, 15.
  • This groove 16 is intended to contain a binder such as cement, glue.
  • the substantially planar lower surface 9 ' forms a raised rib 17 which is located below the arch of the bridge and which can be housed in the groove 16 of the element 1a located below (see FIGS. 3 and 4) of the element 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2, in order to be in contact over a wide area with the binder 32 interposed between the two elements only on the central surface.
  • the advantage of the groove and rib system according to the present invention is decisive for facilitating assembly.
  • the assembly is thus made very simple and is within the reach of a non-professional masonry. It suffices to fill the binder (mortar or thin-set mortar) with the groove 16. Due to the longitudinal lateral edges 14 and 15, this operation is very simple and makes it possible to precisely dose the volume of binder. Once this is done, when laying a brick in the lower row, the penetration of the rib 17 overflows the binder. The size of this rib is well defined, so that the binder overflows enough to ensure a large contact surface between these bricks, and therefore to guarantee the solidity of the building, but not enough to deposit on the support profiles (10, 11). Thus, the construction is very regular, does not require cleaning, and is solid.
  • the construction thus produced gives rise to the formation of a continuous seal which contributes to the air tightness of the assembly. Since the surfaces of the upper planes 6 ′ a and 6 ′ b are at a level lower than that of the continuous seal which is at the level of the upper surface 1 A of the element, sealing is thus also ensured with respect to liquids.
  • the unequal widths b1 and b2 of the stacks 10 and 11 alternately reveal, by 180 ° turning of the elements, projecting facing parts and recessed counterparts on a wall made up of elements according to the invention.
  • a groove 18 is also provided to break the angle between the upper plane 6a of the stack 10 and the side face 34 and achieve a line effect on the bricks stacked in the same direction.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 Variants of the cross section of the building element 1 are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the stacks 10 and 11 are connected to the central part 9, 9 ′ by arcuate connecting parts 19, 20 of increasing thickness towards the center.
  • the section of the element shown in Figure 5 has connecting parts between the central parts 9, 9 'and the stacks 10 and 11, which are stepped 21, 22 and inclined 23, 24 to ensure proper centering of the element at the time of its installation.
  • a cover element capable of being associated with the primary element according to the invention. It is an element with a double-pitched roof or a hat 25 which has a lower surface identical to that of a standard element 1 and an upper surface with two roof sections 26 and 27 to ensure good flow of the water away from the surface of the wall, thanks to flanges 28 and 29.
  • this element 25 may have a flat flat roof surface. Such a surface could serve as a support for lintels for example.
  • FIG. 7 a basic element 30 which can serve as the first element of a wall laid on the foundations thereof by its substantially planar lower surface 31.
  • the upper surface of the basic element 30 is identical to that of a standard element which can be applied directly to it.
  • FIG. 8 represents a wall produced by stacking bricks 1 identical to that shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, bearing the references 1a to 1d. This stack is produced on a base element 30 as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the superimposed bricks are only connected together by a thin layer of thin-set mortar 32 interposed between the faces or steps 9, 9 ′ of two superimposed bricks.
  • the laying of superimposed bricks can advantageously be carried out with crossed joints, each brick being placed above two halves of adjoining bricks of the lower line of bricks.
  • the assembly which does not reveal any seals or seals, thus avoiding tedious and uncertain facing cleaning, proves to be perfectly waterproof in all directions and resistant to the penetration and crossing of water and air , while guaranteeing perfect drying in bad weather.
  • the walls thus produced are highly insulating from the thermal point of view.
  • a brick of, for example, 33 cm in width gives rise to a thermal path of the order of 50 cm.
  • thermal path is meant the path taken by a thermal wave to pass through a material.
  • the difference in width of the stacks 10 and 11 does not interfere with the superposition of two identical bricks, one of which is turned 180 °, due to the symmetry of the connecting part 1C with respect to the vertical axis xy, but it allows to show on the side face 34 of the stack 11 of greater width a decorative facing projecting from the adjoining side face 37 of the adjacent brick above or below (see the assembly of bricks shown on the Figures 8 and 9).
  • various decorative details can be provided on the lateral faces 34 and 37 of the bricks such as for example edge notches 18 or ridges (not shown) which, in addition to the aesthetic effect, ensure good adhesion of a coating of brick facing.
  • FIG 9 there is shown an assembly of bricks superimposed on 1i, identical to brick 1 but whose sections are alternated by turning 180 °.
  • a decorative facing 33 appears on the side of the groove 18 where a decorative face 34 is formed on the bricks.
  • a recessed facing 35 On the inside, it corresponds to the decorative facing 33, a recessed facing 35 on which one can apply a coating of facade 36 which hangs well, thanks for example to grooves (not shown) formed on the face 37 opposite the decorative face 34 of the bricks.
  • This arrangement of the bricks in an alternately laterally offset position facilitates the production of alternating decorations which break the monotony of the brick facades.
  • the walls produced using the elements according to the invention can be assembled together by conventional chaining means such as grooved profiles forming a channel in which is placed a frame hung on other possible frames, and embedded in concrete.
  • chaining means such as grooved profiles forming a channel in which is placed a frame hung on other possible frames, and embedded in concrete.
  • stacks of bricks with a central hollow form a tube, in which a reinforcement is placed which is then embedded in concrete.
  • the building elements shown in Figures 1 to 7, having a generally parallelepiped shape are preferably obtained by molding of terracotta.
  • any other material generally used in the construction field can be used such as concrete, plaster, gravel, etc., and in particular raw earth.
  • This element can also be manufactured by extruding brick earth to obtain a profile which is cut to the desired length into said elements which are then subjected to cooking in an oven, which is of the type commonly used for cooking. bricks.
  • longitudinal grooves may be formed in said element, possibly grooves or cells with a closed contour 2, 3, 4, 5 (see FIG. 3).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Primäres Bausteinelement gebildet aus zwei längsverlaufenden Profilträgern (10, 11) mit gleicher Länge und Höhe, welche eine von der anderen getrennt und miteinander durch ein längsverlaufendes Verbindungsprofil (1C) gleicher Länge verbunden sind, welches die beiden Profilträger (10, 11) derart verbindet, daß, im Querschnitt, eine Brücke gebildet wird, deren Profilträger (10, 11) Pfeiler bilden, wobei ein Bogen (1D) zwischen diesen beiden Profilträgern (10, 11) und dem Verbindungsprofil (1C) gebildet ist, wobei die geometrische Ausbildung des Bogenrückens (1A) des Verbindungsprofils (1C) ähnlich der Ausbildung des Bogens (1D) ist, derart, daß der Bogenrücken (1A) des Verbindungsprofils eines anderen Bausteinelements genau in den Bogen (1D) einfügbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die obere Fläche des Verbindungsprofils (1C) eine über ihre ganze Länge verlaufende longitudinale, von zwei longitudinalen Rändern (8) eingefaßte Rille (9) aufweist, wobei der obere Teil des Bogens (1D) einen vorspringenden oder berippten und mit annähernd entsprechender Ausbildung versehenen Teil (9') aufweist, derart daß der vorspringende Teil eines anderen Bausteinelements in oben genannte Rille (9) einfügbar ist wenn der Bogenrücken (1A) des Verbindungsprofils (1C) in den Bogen (1D) eingefügt ist.
  2. Primäres Bausteinelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Profilträger (10, 11) unterschiedliche Breite haben.
  3. Primäres Bausteinelement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein Verbindungsprofil (1C) aufweist, das im Querschnitt die Form einer Treppe besitzt, welche aus aufeinanderfolgenden, eventuell geneigten Stufen oder Absätzen (7) besteht, wobei der Bogen (1D) eine entsprechende Ausbildung besitzt.
  4. Primäres Bausteinelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die oben genannten Elemente aus Terrakotta (gebranntem Ton), roher Erde oder anderem Baumaterial wie Beton, Zellbeton oder Leichtbeton gebildet sind.
  5. Primäres Bausteinelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die oben genannten Elemente wabenförmig oder nicht wabenförmig sind.
  6. Grundbausteinelement (30), mit einer unteren im wesentlichen glatten Fläche (31), und einer profilierten oberen Fläche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die obere profilierte Fläche eine über ihre ganze Länge verlaufende, longitudinale, von zwei longitudinalen Rändern (8) eingefapte Rille (9) aufweist, und daß die obere Fläche eine annähernd der Ausbildung des Bogens (1D) eines primären Bausteinelements nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 entsprechende Ausbildung besitzt, derart, daß der vorspringende oder berippte Teil (9') eines dieser primären Bausteinelemente in die oben genannte Rille (9) einfügbar ist, wenn dieses primäre Bausteinelement auf das Grundbausteinelement aufgelegt wird.
  7. Abdeckungselement oder Bedeckung (25) mit einer im wesentlichen glatten oberen Fläche, und einer profilierten unteren Fläche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die untere profilierte Fläche einen über ihre ganze Länge vorspringenden oder berippten Teil (9') aufweist, und dadurch, daß die untere Fläche eine annähernd der Ausbildung des Bogenrückens (1A) des Verbindungsprofils (1C) eines der primären Bausteinelemente nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 entsprechende Ausbildung besitzt, derart, daß der vorspringende oder berippte Teil (9') des Abdeckungselements oder der Bedeckung (25) in die Rille (9) eines der primären Bausteinelemente einfügbar ist, wenn das Abdeckungselement oder die Bedeckung (25) auf eines der primären Bausteinelemente aufgelegt wird.
  8. Abdeckungselement oder Bedeckung (25) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es/sie eine obere Fläche mit doppelter Neigung (26, 27) aufweist.
  9. Bausteinelemente, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sowohl die primären Elemente wie auch die Grund- oder Abdeckungselemente nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 aus Terrakotta (gebranntem Ton) oder roher Erde gebildet sind und axiale, longitudinale Hohlräume oder Kanäle zur Erleichterung und/oder Entlüftung aufweisen.
EP90916105A 1989-10-31 1990-10-19 Neue bauelemente Expired - Lifetime EP0451249B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8914266 1989-10-31
FR8914266A FR2653800B1 (fr) 1989-10-31 1989-10-31 Petits composants nouveaux de construction.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0451249A1 EP0451249A1 (de) 1991-10-16
EP0451249B1 true EP0451249B1 (de) 1993-09-29

Family

ID=9386958

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90916105A Expired - Lifetime EP0451249B1 (de) 1989-10-31 1990-10-19 Neue bauelemente

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0451249B1 (de)
AU (1) AU6627290A (de)
CZ (1) CZ532390A3 (de)
ES (1) ES2031443T1 (de)
FR (1) FR2653800B1 (de)
MA (1) MA21991A1 (de)
OA (1) OA09375A (de)
PL (1) PL287593A1 (de)
TN (1) TNSN90127A1 (de)
WO (1) WO1991006723A1 (de)
YU (1) YU47953B (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9921398D0 (en) * 1999-09-11 1999-11-10 Kennedy Cyril J Construction block
MY143975A (en) * 2004-07-22 2011-07-29 Wong Sen Thong Pre-cast concrete wall system
FR2957370B1 (fr) * 2010-03-10 2012-08-03 Sas Raymond Josse Brique pleine en terre pour la realisation de cloisons ou murs pourvus de conduits internes.
DE102011050725B4 (de) 2011-05-30 2012-12-13 Klaus Zinser Stapelbares Flächenmodul für eine Wandfläche

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB215968A (en) * 1923-05-24 1924-05-22 Robert Russell Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of felt and like materials

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR726383A (fr) * 1931-11-19 1932-05-27 Geneba Ges Fur Neue Bauweisen Pierre de construction à rainure et languette
FR2396842A1 (fr) * 1977-07-04 1979-02-02 Ronde Oustau Dominique Brique de parement a emboitement et a joints incorpores
CA1081911A (en) * 1978-06-13 1980-07-22 Franklin Thomas Prefabricated building block system (penguin building blocks)
GB2152968B (en) * 1984-01-10 1988-06-08 Donald Wood Interlocking building blocks

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB215968A (en) * 1923-05-24 1924-05-22 Robert Russell Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of felt and like materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2653800B1 (fr) 1992-02-07
TNSN90127A1 (fr) 1991-03-05
AU6627290A (en) 1991-05-31
EP0451249A1 (de) 1991-10-16
CZ532390A3 (en) 1993-07-14
YU47953B (sh) 1996-07-24
OA09375A (fr) 1992-09-15
WO1991006723A1 (fr) 1991-05-16
FR2653800A1 (fr) 1991-05-03
PL287593A1 (en) 1991-12-16
YU205690A (sh) 1994-06-10
ES2031443T1 (es) 1992-12-16
MA21991A1 (fr) 1991-07-01

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