EP1173713A1 - Method for operating a gas burner - Google Patents

Method for operating a gas burner

Info

Publication number
EP1173713A1
EP1173713A1 EP01909585A EP01909585A EP1173713A1 EP 1173713 A1 EP1173713 A1 EP 1173713A1 EP 01909585 A EP01909585 A EP 01909585A EP 01909585 A EP01909585 A EP 01909585A EP 1173713 A1 EP1173713 A1 EP 1173713A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas burner
ionization signal
load operation
deviation
difference
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01909585A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1173713B1 (en
Inventor
Piet Blaauwwiekel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Garrett Motion SARL
Original Assignee
Honeywell BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honeywell BV filed Critical Honeywell BV
Publication of EP1173713A1 publication Critical patent/EP1173713A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1173713B1 publication Critical patent/EP1173713B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/12—Burner simulation or checking
    • F23N2227/16—Checking components, e.g. electronic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/20—Calibrating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a gas burner according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Gas burners usually have an electrical or electronic ignition device and a flame monitoring device, the flame monitoring device generally measuring an ionization current induced by the burner flame and indicating the presence or absence of the burner flame depending on this ionization current.
  • the present invention addresses the problem of providing a novel method for operating a gas burner.
  • the method according to the invention is based on the knowledge that the sensor delivering the ionization signal ages during burner operation as a result of contaminations which are deposited on the sensor. Further signs of aging of the sensor can occur due to chemical disruption or the like. With such aging, the signal from the ionization sensor is no longer reliable because the electrical behavior of the sensor changes.
  • each burner has a specific characteristic of the ionization current over the modulation range of the gas burner.
  • the ionization current is lower when the gas burner is operated under partial load than when the gas burner is operated at nominal load.
  • the aging of the sensor has a different effect on the ionization signal in partial load operation than on the ionization signal in nominal load operation.
  • the first difference D (l) and the second difference D (2) are compared with one another, depending on the state of the gas burner, e.g. the state of the flame monitoring device or the sensor is closed or the state of the gas burner is influenced.
  • the ionization signal is preferably determined at several successive points in time in nominal load operation and in partial load operation. For each of these times, a difference is formed between the ionization signal in nominal load operation and the ionization signal in part-load operation.
  • the state of the gas burner is then determined as a function of a deviation between the differences of immediately successive points in time, and the state of the gas burner is preferably influenced.
  • the degree of partial load e.g. 40% of the nominal load
  • the nominal load when determining the ionization signals are identical for successive points in time.
  • the aging of the sensor delivering the ionization signal is concluded, the extent of the deviation being an indicator of the degree of aging of the sensor.
  • a service indicator is activated to indicate to an operator that the sensor needs to be replaced. This is preferably done when a threshold value for the deviation is exceeded. Depending on this deviation, it is also possible to switch to emergency operation; in the event of large deviations, the gas burner is preferably switched off.
  • the regulation of the gas burner can also be adapted.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

According to the inventive method, the ionization signal for operation with a nominal load and operation with a partial load is determined at a first point in time. A first difference between the ionization signal for operation with a nominal load and the ionization signal for operation with a partial load is determined for this point in time. The ionization signal for operation with a nominal load and operation with a partial load is then determined at a second point in time and the second difference between the ionization signal for operation with a nominal load and the ionization signal for operations with a partial load is then formed for this second point in time. The first difference and the second difference are compared with each other and the state of the gas burner is established depending on the result of this comparison.

Description

Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gasbrenners Method of operating a gas burner
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gasbrenners gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for operating a gas burner according to the preamble of claim 1.
Gasbrenner verfügen üblicherweise über eine elektrische bzw. elektronische Zündeinrichtung und über eine Flammenüberwachungs-Einrichtung, wobei die Flamπienüberwachungs-Einrichtung in der Regel einen von der Brennerflamme induzierten Ionisationsstrom mißt und abhängig von diesem Ionisationsstrom das Vorhandensein oder das NichtVorhandensein der Brennerflamme anzeigt.Gas burners usually have an electrical or electronic ignition device and a flame monitoring device, the flame monitoring device generally measuring an ionization current induced by the burner flame and indicating the presence or absence of the burner flame depending on this ionization current.
Es gibt auch Regler für Gasbrenner, die den Ionisationsstrom zur Gewährleistung einer hohen Verbrennungsqualität verwenden. Um nämlich innerhalb des Gasbrenners für eine optimale und vollständige Verbrennung des Brennstoffs, nämlich des Gases, zu sorgen, muß der Gasbrenner mit einem entsprechend abgestimmten Gas/Luft-Gemisch versorgt werden. So sind aus dem Stand der Technik Regelungsverfahren bekannt, bei denen ein Ionisationssignal eines in die Brennerflamme ragenden Sensors zur Anpassung des Gas/Luft-Gemisches an z. B. unterschiedliche Gasqualitäten verwendet wird, um so das Gas/Luft-Gemisch an die Qualität des von der Gasversorgung bereitgestellten Gases anzupassen und um so letztendlich eine hohe Verbrennungsqualität zu gewährleisten. Diesbezüglich kann auf die DE-A-44 33 425, DE 39 37 290 AI sowie DE 195 39 568 Cl verwiesen werden.There are also regulators for gas burners that use the ionization current to ensure high quality combustion. In order to ensure optimal and complete combustion of the fuel, namely the gas, within the gas burner, the gas burner must be supplied with an appropriately coordinated gas / air mixture. Control methods are known from the prior art, in which an ionization signal of a sensor projecting into the burner flame for adapting the gas / air mixture to e.g. B. different gas qualities are used in order to adapt the gas / air mixture to the quality of the gas provided by the gas supply and to ultimately ensure a high quality of combustion. In this regard, reference can be made to DE-A-44 33 425, DE 39 37 290 AI and DE 195 39 568 Cl.
Bei den bekannten, ein Ionisationssignal verwendenden Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gasbrenners tritt jedoch das Problem auf, daß mit zunehmender Betriebsdauer das von einem Sensor bereitgestellte Ionisationssignal unzuverlässig wird. Es ist dann keine verläßliche Auskunft über die tatsächlich im Brenner herrschenden Verbrennungsverhältnisse mehr möglich. Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung das Problem zugrunde, ein neuartiges Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gasbrenners bereitzustellen.In the known methods using an ionization signal for operating a gas burner, however, the problem arises that the ionization signal provided by a sensor becomes unreliable with increasing operating time. It is then no longer possible to provide reliable information about the combustion conditions actually prevailing in the burner. Proceeding from this, the present invention addresses the problem of providing a novel method for operating a gas burner.
Erfindungsgemäß wird das Problem durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention the problem is solved by a method with the features of claim 1.
Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung.Preferred developments of the invention result from the subclaims and the description.
Dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren liegt die Erkenntnis zu Grunde, daß der das Ionisationssignal liefernde Sensor während des Brennerbetriebs in folge von Verschmutzungen, die sich auf dem Sensor ablagern, altert. Weiter Alterungserscheinungen des Sensors können durch chemische Zerrüttung oder dergleichen auftreten. Bei einer derartigen Alterung ist das Signal des Ionisationssensors nicht mehr zuverlässig, da sich das elektrische Verhalten des Sensors ändert.The method according to the invention is based on the knowledge that the sensor delivering the ionization signal ages during burner operation as a result of contaminations which are deposited on the sensor. Further signs of aging of the sensor can occur due to chemical disruption or the like. With such aging, the signal from the ionization sensor is no longer reliable because the electrical behavior of the sensor changes.
Die erfindungsgemäße Idee beruht auf der weiteren Erkenntnis, daß jeder Brenner eine spezifische Charakteristik des Ionisationsstroms über dem Modulationsbereich des Gasbrenners aufweist. Mit anderen Worten ist der Ionisationsstrom bei einem Teillastbetrieb des Gasbrenners geringer als bei einem Nennlastbetrieb des Gasbrenners. Darüber hinaus hat die Alterung des Sensors auf das Ionisationssignal bei Teillastbetrieb eine andere Auswirkung als auf das Ionisationssignal bei Nennlastbetrieb.The idea according to the invention is based on the further knowledge that each burner has a specific characteristic of the ionization current over the modulation range of the gas burner. In other words, the ionization current is lower when the gas burner is operated under partial load than when the gas burner is operated at nominal load. In addition, the aging of the sensor has a different effect on the ionization signal in partial load operation than on the ionization signal in nominal load operation.
Daher wird erfindungsgemäß zu einem ersten Zeitpunkt das Ionisationssignal bei Nennlastbetrieb I(1)NL und bei Teillastbetrieb I(1)TL ermittelt wird, wobei für diesen ersten Zeitpunkt eine erste Differenz D(1)=I(1)NL- I(1)TL zwischen dem Ionisationssignal bei Nennlastbetrieb und dem Ionisationssignal bei Teillastbetrieb gebildet wird. Ferner wird zu einem zweiten Zeitpunkt das Ionisationssignal bei Nennlastbetrieb I(2)NL und bei Teillastbetrieb I(2)TL ermittelt wird, wobei für diesen zweiten Zeitpunkt eine zweite Differenz D(2)=I(2)NL- I(2)TL zwischen dem Ionisationssignal bei Nennlastbetrieb und dem Ionisationssignal bei Teillastbetrieb gebildet wird. Die erste Differenz D(l) und die zweite Differenz D(2) werden miteinander verglichen, wobei abhängig hiervon auf den Zustand des Gasbrenners, z.B. den Zustand der Flammenüberwachungs-Einrichtung bzw. des Sensors, geschlossen wird oder auch der Zustand des Gasbrenners beeinflußt wird.Therefore, according to the invention, the ionization signal is determined at nominal load operation at nominal load operation I (1) NL and at partial load operation I (1) TL, a first difference D (1) = I (1) NL-I (1) for this first time. TL is formed between the ionization signal in nominal load operation and the ionization signal in partial load operation. Furthermore, the ionization signal is determined at nominal load operation I (2) NL and at partial load operation I (2) TL at a second point in time, with a second difference D (2) = I (2) NL-I (2) TL for this second point in time is formed between the ionization signal in nominal load operation and the ionization signal in partial load operation. The first difference D (l) and the second difference D (2) are compared with one another, depending on the state of the gas burner, e.g. the state of the flame monitoring device or the sensor is closed or the state of the gas burner is influenced.
Vorzugsweise wird das Ionisationssignal bei mehreren aufeinanderfolgenden Zeitpunkten bei Nennlastbetrieb und bei Teillastbetrieb ermittelt. Für jeden dieser Zeitpunkte wird eine Differenz zwischen dem Ionisationssignal bei Nennlastbetrieb und dem Ionisationssignal bei Teillastbetrieb gebildet. Abhängig von einer Abweichung zwischen den Differenzen unmittelbar aufeinander folgender Zeitpunkte wird dann auf den Zustand des Gasbrenners geschlossen, vorzugsweise wird der Zustand des Gasbrenners beeinflußt.The ionization signal is preferably determined at several successive points in time in nominal load operation and in partial load operation. For each of these times, a difference is formed between the ionization signal in nominal load operation and the ionization signal in part-load operation. The state of the gas burner is then determined as a function of a deviation between the differences of immediately successive points in time, and the state of the gas burner is preferably influenced.
Es ist selbstverständlich, daß der Grad der Teillast (z.B. 40% der Nennlast) sowie die Nennlast bei der Ermittlung der Ionisationssignale für aufeinanderfolgende Zeitpunkte identisch sind.It goes without saying that the degree of partial load (e.g. 40% of the nominal load) and the nominal load when determining the ionization signals are identical for successive points in time.
Abhängig von einer Abweichung zwischen den Differenzen aufeinanderfolgender Zeitpunkte wird auf die Alterung des das Ionisationssignal liefernden Sensors geschlossen, wobei das Ausmaß der Abweichung ein Indikator für den Grad der Alterung des Sensors ist.Depending on a deviation between the differences of successive points in time, the aging of the sensor delivering the ionization signal is concluded, the extent of the deviation being an indicator of the degree of aging of the sensor.
Abhängig von der Abweichung zwischen den obigen Differenzen wird eine Wartungsanzeige aktiviert, die einer Bedienperson anzeigt, daß der Sensor ausgetauscht werden muß. Dies geschieht vorzugsweise bei Überschreiten eines Schwellenwerts für die Abweichung. Auch kann abhängig von dieser Abweichung auf einen Notbetrieb umgeschaltet werden, bei großen Abweichungen wird der Gasbrenner vorzugsweise abgeschaltet.Depending on the difference between the above differences, a service indicator is activated to indicate to an operator that the sensor needs to be replaced. This is preferably done when a threshold value for the deviation is exceeded. Depending on this deviation, it is also possible to switch to emergency operation; in the event of large deviations, the gas burner is preferably switched off.
Auch kann die Regelung des Gasbrenners angepaßt werden. The regulation of the gas burner can also be adapted.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gasbrenners, wobei dem Gasbrenner ein ein lomsationssignal bereitstellender Sensor zugeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß1. A method for operating a gas burner, wherein the gas burner is assigned a sensor providing a lomsation signal, characterized in that
a) zu einem ersten Zeitpunkt das Ionisationssignal bei Nennlastbetrieb des Gasbrenners und bei Teillastbetrieb des Gasbrenners ermittelt wird, wobei eine erste Differenz zwischen dem Ionisationssignal bei Nennlastbetrieb und dem Ionisationssignal bei Teillastbetrieb gebildet wird,a) the ionization signal is determined at nominal load operation of the gas burner and at partial load operation of the gas burner, a first difference being formed between the ionization signal at nominal load operation and the ionization signal at part load operation,
b) zu einem zweiten Zeitpunkt das Ionisationssignal bei Nennlastbetrieb des Gasbrenners und bei Teillastbetrieb des Gasbrenners ermittelt wird, wobei eine zweite Differenz zwischen dem Ionisationssignal bei Nennlastbetrieb und dem Ionisationssignal bei Teillastbetrieb gebildet wird,b) at a second point in time, the ionization signal is determined when the gas burner is operating at nominal load and when the gas burner is operating at partial load, a second difference being formed between the ionization signal during nominal load operation and the ionization signal during part-load operation,
c) die erste Differenz und die zweite Differenz miteinander verglichen werden, wobei abhängig hiervon auf den Zustand des Gasbrenners oder des dem Gasbrenner zugeordneten Sensors geschlossen wird.c) the first difference and the second difference are compared with one another, the condition of the gas burner or of the sensor assigned to the gas burner depending on this.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ionisationssignal bei mehreren aufeinanderfolgenden Zeitpunkten bei Nennlastbetrieb und bei Teillastbetrieb ermittelt wird und für jeden dieser Zeitpunkte eine Differenz zwischen dem Ionisationssignal bei Nennlastbetrieb und dem Ionisationssignal bei Teillastbetrieb gebildet wird, und daß abhängig von einer Abweichung zwischen den Differenzen unmittelbar aufeinander folgender Zeitpunkte auf der Zustand des Gasbrenners oder des dem Gasbrenner zugeordneten Sensors geschlossen wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ionization signal is determined at several successive times in nominal load operation and part load operation and for each of these times a difference is formed between the ionization signal in nominal load operation and the ionization signal in part load operation, and that depending on a deviation between the differences of immediately successive points in time on the state of the gas burner or of the sensor assigned to the gas burner.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß abhängig von einer Abweichung zwischen den Differenzen auf die Alterung des das Ionisationssignal liefernden Sensors geschlossen wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is concluded depending on a deviation between the differences on the aging of the sensor delivering the ionization signal.
4. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß abhängig von einer Abweichung zwischen den Differenzen, nämlich bei Überschreiten eines Schwellenwerts für die Abweichung, eine Wartungsanzeige aktiviert wird. 4. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a maintenance indicator is activated depending on a deviation between the differences, namely when a threshold value for the deviation is exceeded.
5. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß abhängig von einer Abweichung zwischen den Differenzen, nämlich bei Überschreiten eines Schwellenwerts für die Abweichung, auf einen Notbetrieb umgeschaltet oder bei großen Abweichungen der Gasbrenner abgeschaltet wird.5. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that depending on a deviation between the differences, namely when a threshold value for the deviation is exceeded, switched to emergency operation or is switched off in the event of large deviations of the gas burner.
6. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß abhängig von einer Abweichung zwischen den Differenzen die Regelung des Gasbrenners angepaßt wird. 6. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the control of the gas burner is adapted depending on a deviation between the differences.
EP01909585A 2000-01-28 2001-01-08 Method for operating a gas burner Expired - Lifetime EP1173713B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10003819A DE10003819C1 (en) 2000-01-28 2000-01-28 Gas burner operating process, involving use of ionization signal and comparing differences in its readings
DE10003819 2000-01-28
PCT/EP2001/000126 WO2001055643A1 (en) 2000-01-28 2001-01-08 Method for operating a gas burner

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1173713A1 true EP1173713A1 (en) 2002-01-23
EP1173713B1 EP1173713B1 (en) 2004-03-31

Family

ID=7629113

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01909585A Expired - Lifetime EP1173713B1 (en) 2000-01-28 2001-01-08 Method for operating a gas burner

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6783355B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1173713B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2365618A1 (en)
DE (2) DE10003819C1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001055643A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20040009442A1 (en) 2004-01-15
WO2001055643A1 (en) 2001-08-02
CA2365618A1 (en) 2001-08-02
US6783355B2 (en) 2004-08-31
EP1173713B1 (en) 2004-03-31
DE10003819C1 (en) 2001-05-17
DE50101822D1 (en) 2004-05-06

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