Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
  • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
  • D04H3/105—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by needling
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
  • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an improved device for manufacturing textile products directly from fibers and / or filaments.
• the invention also relates to a method of implementing the device.
• the present invention relates essentially to the production of products obtained by the technique called "verticalization technique” and developed by the Applicant.
• the Applicant has also proposed in document EP-A-0783608 to adapt this technique for the production of mesh products.
• the verticalization technique described consists in subjecting the fibers and / or the filaments to a "transverse looping" accompanied by a “stretching” and to obtaining an accumulation of the fibers and / or filaments in the form of a "pseudo- yarn "in which the fibers and / or filaments are parallelized.
• the transverse looping accompanied by stretching is carried out for each individual fiber or filament using rotary loosening elements or discs, spaced apart and arranged on a transverse axis relative to the advance of the veil and between which are arranged sulky fingers.
• each fiber or filament is in principle involved in at least one looping so as to constitute a twist-free pseudo-thread obtained by the accumulation of the various fibers and / or elementary filaments well parallelized.
• This twist-free pseudo-yarn consisting of parallelized fibers and / or filaments can either be handled by needles of the tufting needles type and be led to a substrate in order to produce carpets as described in detail in publication EP-A- 0479880, either be driven by meshing needles in order to produce mesh products as described in detail in publication EP-A-0783608, or else be used for the production of coated-type products as described in detail in the publication EP-A-0960227.
• the majority of the constituent elements of the veil that is to say the individual fibers and / or filaments, had to present an angle of orientation with respect to the direction of advance of the veil which was between 5 and 45 degrees, and more precisely between 15 and 25 degrees; - on the other hand, the veil of fibers and / or filaments at the start should have a low weight per unit area, and preferably between 10 and 50 g / m 2 .
• the condition on the orientation that the fibers and / or filaments must have relative to the direction of advance is a minimum condition of profitability with regard to the lower angle.
• the fibers and / or filaments may no longer be correctly parallelized during the production of the pseudo-wire, which adversely affects the yield of the product.
• this is an angle which constitutes a compromise between theory and practice, that is to say that in the case where fibers and / or filaments have an angle above this limit of 45 degrees, it is estimated that in theory, the process could still be carried out, but it is observed that the fibers and / or filaments would generate forces which increase exponentially with the angle of orientation of the fibers for the device constituted by one interpenetration of the sulking discs with the sulking fingers, which would require oversizing of the parts, and in particular of the shaft supporting the sulking discs.
• the Applicant had proposed in publication WO97 / 05315 a process called DUO process in which the processing of the fibers and / or filaments is split by performing a step prior to the looping step which is called the waving step.
• the looping step is conventionally carried out using a device constituted by the interpenetration of a first set of pouting discs with a first set of pouting fingers while the prior step of waving is also carried out at 'using a device constituted by the interpenetration of a second set of discs called inverter discs with a second set of fingers called inverter fingers.
• the method described in publication O97 / 05315 was characterized in that the corrugation device arranged upstream of the looping device with respect to the direction of advance had a gauge which was a multiple of the gauge of the looping device.
• This configuration made it particularly advantageous to reduce the stresses suffered by the fibers during their treatment and to produce a product without breaking fibers while limiting the dimensioning of the machine members.
• this solution has been successfully tested on an industrial scale, it has a number of drawbacks.
• the execution of such a process requires the presence of machines arranged upstream of this device and constituted a long fiber card with a width of 2.5 m and its loader, a conventional lapper lapping in 4 m width as well as a longitudinal stretcher.
• This type of line intended to supply a 4 m device makes it possible to produce / process up to 800 kg per hour.
• the device constituted by the inverter assembly and the looping assembly making the duo device made it possible to obtain a beat speed of 1000 strokes per minute according to the limits of current technology, which makes it possible to produce / process between 200 and 250 kilos per hour while a classic line of nonwoven remains 3 to
• the relative complexity of the duo devices which are difficult to adjust, can cause fouling areas for certain fibers.
• the presence of detachers or scrubbers at the level of the pre-loop device requires precise adjustment of their arrangement, which will vary according to the nature of the fiber used.
• detaching or stripping elements are moreover relatively difficult to reposition after disassembly subsequent to tamping, for example.
• AIMS OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims to solve these various problems while authorizing the use of inexpensive and better adapted upstream material, and in particular the use of cotton card type cards which are card cards. for short fibers with possible removal of the lapper and its replacement by a transverse stretcher.
• the present invention also aims to overcome the presence of detachers, and therefore to simplify the production of the verticalization devices.
• the present invention aims, by reducing the efforts, to be able to reduce the dimensioning of the various members and in particular of the rotary members in the verticalization devices.
• the present invention relates to a device for manufacturing textile products from fibers and / or filaments flowing in the form of a veil, essentially constituted by the interpenetration of a play of identical spaced apart discs situated on a common transverse axis with a set of identical pouting fingers, characterized in that the pouting discs have relatively spaced teeth on their perimeter.
• relatively spaced is meant that the distance between two successive teeth on the perimeter of a sulking disc is at least 3 times the width of an individual tooth.
• the number of teeth on the perimeter of a looper disc is between 8 and 16.
• the distance between two successive teeth on the perimeter of a looper disc is between 20 and 60 mm.
• the height of the teeth is between 1 and 5 mm.
• the slope of the teeth facing the arrival of the veil is between 20 and 40 degrees.
• the distance between two successive teeth on the perimeter of a sulking disc does not exceed 1.5 times the average length of the fibers and / or filaments of the web.
• a transfer member preferably a picking plate or a needle.
• the rotational movement of the looper discs located on a common transverse axis is uniform.
• the movement of the transfer plates or needles and the rotational movement of the sulking discs is obtained using a single main control arm supporting eccentrics and having a reduction which is defined by the number of teeth .
• the present invention also relates to a process for manufacturing textile products from fibers and / or filaments flowing in the form of a veil in which: - the fibers and / or filaments are subjected to transverse looping accompanied by drawing by means of an assembly constituted by the interpenetration of a set of identical spaced discs discs and located on a common transverse axis with a set of identical discreet fingers, the discs discs having on their perimeter relatively spaced teeth ,
• the fibers and / or filaments are accumulated in the form of at least one wavy pseudo-wire of a certain length in which the fibers and / or filaments are parallelized, this accumulation of said fibers and / or filaments being effected against the slope of a tooth facing the arrival of the veil,
• the corrugated pseudo-wire is transferred to picking plates or the set of needles simultaneously over the entire length of the pseudo-wire.
• the veil of fibers and / or filaments has a weight between 10 and
• the average orientation of the fibers and / or filaments in the web on entry into the device is between 10 and 25 degrees relative to the direction of advance of the web.
• the entry veil consists of fibers and / or filaments with a length of between 20 and 70 mm.
• a transverse stretching is carried out on the web prior to the first step consisting in subjecting the fibers and / or filaments to transverse looping accompanied by stretching.
• Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the device for implementing the method according to the present invention.
• Figure 2 shows a sectional view of the device shown in Figure 1.
• Figure 3 shows a sectional view of the drive device of the main organs of the device according to the invention, which are the needles and the sulky discs.
• Figures 4a to 4e show the different phases of formation of a wire according to the method of the present invention and its transfer to the needles.
• the device is essentially constituted by the interpenetration of a set of identical "looper” discs 10, spaced apart and situated on a transverse common axis 0, with a set of identical "looper” fingers 20 also.
• the sulking discs 10 are driven at a rotation speed preferably constant and uniform and defined so that the peripheral speed of the sulking discs is equal to the speed of entry of the web made up of fibers and / or filaments.
• a pouting finger is arranged between two successive pouting discs.
• these looper discs 10 are provided with teeth 101, 102, 103 relatively spaced.
• teeth 101, 102, 103 relatively spaced.
• relatively spaced means that the distance between two successive teeth 101 and 102 for example along the perimeter of the disc is at least 3 times the width of an individual tooth.
• the distance between two consecutive teeth is defined by the value of accumulation of fibers and / or filaments of the veil to create the desired title pseudo-yarn.
• the number of teeth present on the perimeter of a looper disc is between 8 and 16. The number of teeth depends on the diameter of the discs but also on the ratio between the weight of the desired product and the weight of the web entering.
• the teeth present on these discs could be essentially sized in the same way as the continuous teeth present on the discs of the prior art with regard to the drive function of the web.
• the other functions require a very specific form.
• the function of driving the thread to the eye of the needle requires a sufficient height, preferably at least equal to 3 mm.
• the function of releasing the thread from the tooth when the needles are lowered will require a precise, slightly curved profile of the active part of the tooth
• the slope of the tooth which faces the advancement of the veil is between 20 and 40 degrees, which thus allows good penetration into the veil while allowing easy release of the loop formed constituting the pseudo-wire to the collection and transfer bodies.
• a transfer member which can be a picking plate or, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, a needle 30. All of the transfer members, and more precisely, needles 30 make it possible to collect and transfer the pseudo-yarn obtained by accumulation of the fibers and / or filaments.
• These needles 30 are integral with a cantilever 35 and simultaneously perform a back and forth movement which can be in particular a rectilinear sinusoidal movement generated by a connecting rod / eccentric system.
• These needles 30 are intended to transfer the pseudo-wire by perforating a support which is arranged on a series of anvils 40 on which it moves.
• This support is intended to produce the floor covering.
• hooks 50 are provided which, used in conjunction with knives which are not shown, make it possible to produce a floor covering in the form of cut tuft or velvet.
• the movement of the hands 30 and the rotational movement of the looper discs 10 is obtained using a single main control shaft 100 supporting eccentrics 110 connected to a connecting rod assembly 120 - conventional slide 130 fitted with a transmission 140, 142 to the sulking shaft 0 having a reduction equal to the number of teeth 101, 102 present at the periphery of a disc 10 as well as shown in detail in Figure 3.
• the low level of force generated during this treatment makes it possible to obtain a mass effect where the positive entrainment of a few fibers allows the entrainment of the entire web. It is further observed that this mass effect takes place as long as the distance between two consecutive teeth on the same disc hardly exceeds the average length of the fibers present in the web. Other advantages can be observed using the method according to the present invention.
• the present invention overcomes the presence of detachers, which masked the view of the needles and prevented the operator from anticipating problems such as jams.
• the needles intended for the production of tufted products or mesh products are greatly simplified. Indeed, the reduction of the forces and therefore of the torque on the disc shaft allows a smaller disc diameter and therefore a reduction in the overhang of the needles. Similarly, the removal of detachers also makes it possible to reduce the height of the needle. The needles therefore have a more compact design and are more rigid, and are therefore less expensive to produce.
• Figures 4a to 4e more particularly describe the different phases of formation of a wire according to the method of the present invention and its transfer to the needles. It is agreed for a better understanding of the figures that the hands are driven in a rectilinear sinusoidal movement and that their position is identified as a function of the angle expressed in degrees of the control shaft, the top dead center corresponding to 0 degrees. During a complete cycle of the needle, ie 360 degrees, the disc, which is animated in a uniform circular motion, rotates 360 / n degrees where n is the number of teeth.
• Figure 4a position 60 degrees of the needle
• the veil was introduced and began to progress towards the needles.
• the mass effect previously described allows a homogeneous distribution of the fibers during the looping step except at the very location of the teeth where the fibers are slightly repelled due to the "tip" effect of the top of the teeth which enters the veil at the time of its engagement. If this peak effect did not occur, certain fibers would loop by a value greater than the desired value
• the discs continue to drive the corrugated veil (during this time the needle has completed a complete cycle) which will thus meet the barrel of the needle.
• This obstacle is sufficient to block the progression of the fibers which will accumulate one behind the other in the form of elementary loops until constituting the desired pseudo-yarn.
• Figure 4c position 300 degrees
• the next tooth "combs" the fibers accumulated against the needle, exerting a pressure which allows the fibers to regroup in the form of a tight "strand” which constitutes the pseudo-wire ( analogous to twisting close to a thread) then passing this pseudo-thread on either side of the needle.
• the fibers formed into pseudo-thread no longer have the ability to loop on the tooth.
• Figure 4d position 0 degrees
• the thread advanced slightly while the needle reached its top dead center.
• the distance between the base of the tooth where the fibers are accumulated and the bottom of the eye corresponds exactly to the looping value
• the needle began to descend, the profile of the tooth is studied so that the thread is not retained, which is achieved on the horizontal distance between the bottom of the eye and the tooth, taking into account the relative movements of the needle. / disc, is constant.
• the fibers that were located behind the tooth began to accumulate against the needle to form the thread that will be gripped in the next cycle.
• This example describes a product line in two meters for automotive use, for example. Or to produce a product of 400 g / m 2 in 1/10 "gauge with a stroke advance of 2 mm from a 6.7 dtex fiber cut 60 mm. A card” fibers short "generates a veil of
• This veil is collected by one expander which brings it up to 2 meters while orienting the fibers around the average value of 20 ° (relative to the machine direction).
• the weight of the veil has increased to 20 g / m 2 .
• the device according to the present invention is provided with a set of identical discs 150 mm in diameter with 12 teeth (or about 40 mm between the teeth). In this case, 40 mm of machine direction web will be condensed to form a thread, which will be tufted every 2 mm.
• a veil of card cannot be weighed down indefinitely, it may be advisable to add to the card a rotary condenser device, a common material in the non-woven field which will increase the weight of the sail directly out of the card.
• the maximum production of this type of card is of the order of 120 kg / h, which exactly corresponds to the capacity of a device according to the present invention (verticalization device) beating at 1000 cps / min.
• the productions between upstream machines and downstream machines harmonize perfectly.
• the investment ratio between upstream machines and downstream machines is of the order of 1.
• the line reaches the maximum possible profitability there.
• the line conduct is identical to that of Example 1.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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• 2000
  • 2000-03-27 EP EP00912648A patent/EP1171661B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-03-27 JP JP2000609641A patent/JP2002541344A/ja active Pending
  • 2000-03-27 AT AT00912648T patent/ATE275654T1/de active
  • 2000-03-27 WO PCT/EP2000/002688 patent/WO2000060155A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2000-03-27 DE DE60013581T patent/DE60013581T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-03-27 AU AU34321/00A patent/AU3432100A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-03-27 US US09/958,382 patent/US6523234B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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