EP1165894B1 - Bloc de carapace a surface rugueuse - Google Patents
Bloc de carapace a surface rugueuse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1165894B1 EP1165894B1 EP00911004A EP00911004A EP1165894B1 EP 1165894 B1 EP1165894 B1 EP 1165894B1 EP 00911004 A EP00911004 A EP 00911004A EP 00911004 A EP00911004 A EP 00911004A EP 1165894 B1 EP1165894 B1 EP 1165894B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- block
- lateral
- feet
- faces
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000368 destabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/129—Polyhedrons, tetrapods or similar bodies, whether or not threaded on strings
Definitions
- the invention relates to an artificial shell block for making maritime and river protection works such as jetties, groynes, underwater reefs, detached breakwaters, breakwaters of solid land and coastal road, river dikes, riverbank protection. etc ....
- Such an artificial block is already known from patent document FR-2647135
- This known block includes a central core having first and second opposite faces each provided with an anvil-shaped side tab, each anvil-shaped side leg having a table with two inclined sides and two lateral faces, the tables of said lateral legs being arranged parallel to each other and parallel to said first and second faces opposite of the core, the inclined faces of said lateral legs resting on third and fourth visible and opposite faces of said core
- said core having opposite fifth and sixth faces each provided a front leg in the shape of a pyramid trunk having four lateral faces and a front face parallel to said fifth and sixth faces of the core and on the side faces of the side tabs, two of the opposite side faces of each front leg in the shape of a pyramid trunk resting on covering on the lateral faces of the lateral tabs.
- Such a block has great qualities of robustness and stability hydraulic.
- robustness is meant the ability of the block to hold up well mechanical to shocks and internal stresses.
- stability we mean the ability of blocks, on the one hand to hang on the surfaces (carpets, slopes and berms) underlying the works to be protected and, on the other hand, to hang between them thanks to their particular shape in constituting a protective shell which leaves sufficient empty spaces to absorb and dissipate the hydraulic energy at which the structure is submitted.
- the lateral faces of the shaped lateral legs anvil are additionally provided with grooves parallel and perpendicular to the table plan of the side legs which increases stability individual block by increasing the blocking power of the block with neighboring blocks and further improve the hydrodynamic resistance due to the roughness of the external surface of the block.
- the object of the invention is to propose a solution to further improve plus the qualities of stability and attachment of such an artificial block whatever the orientation of the blocks.
- the invention relates to a shell block for the construction of maritime and river protection works as defined by claim 1.
- pyramidal protrusions are placed on the lateral faces lateral legs and on the front faces of the front legs.
- This particular shape of the rough surface of the block according to the invention gives it increased stability by increasing the points of contact with neighboring blocks and increased attachment power both at the faces side of the lateral legs than at the front faces of the legs front. It also allows a very efficient dissipation of energy.
- a multitude of recesses and / or protrusions are distributed over a contour of the external surface of the block merged with said transverse plane of the block which can be a plane of symmetry.
- the tables of the side legs also have, in their middle part, a transverse recess.
- the corner edges of the side and front legs are chamfered.
- transverse recesses formed in the tables of the lateral legs and chamfering the corner edges of the side and front legs promote the mutual nesting of the blocks and therefore their attachment. They facilitate furthermore the laying of blocks.
- the invention extends to a mold for manufacturing a block according to the invention.
- Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a block according the invention.
- Figure 2 is a detailed perspective view of a set of pyramidal protrusions according to the invention.
- Figure 3 is a sectional view of a half-shell of a mold for the manufacture of a block according to the invention.
- the block shown schematically in perspective in Figure 1 is obtained by a single concrete pour in a suitable mold.
- the block is inscribed in a cube having a dimension of length H; this length will be taken into account later because it serves of reference to the different dimensions of the frustoconical protrusions forming the rough surface of the block.
- the shape of the block of the invention is established around a central core 1, for example of generally cubic shape, having a first and a second opposite face 11 and 12, a third and a fourth face opposite 13 and 14, partially visible, and a fifth and sixth face opposite 15 and 16.
- Each of the first and second faces 11 and 12 serves to support a anvil-shaped side leg; these side tabs referenced 21 and 22, each include a table 21A and 22A parallel to the faces 11 and 12 of the core and lateral faces 21B, 21C (not visible in FIG. 1) and 22B, 22C (not visible in Figure 1) parallel to the faces 15 and 16 of the core.
- the tables 21A and 22A are parallel to each other.
- the block has a plane of symmetry P which cuts sides 11 and 12.
- each side tab in anvil shape 21,22 have terminal facets 21D and 21F, 22D and 22F which form an obtuse angle with the table of the lateral leg and the sides of connection 21E and 21G, 22E and 22G of the latter to the nucleus partially cover the only visible faces 13 and 14 of the latter.
- the facets 21D, 21E, 21F, 21G, 22D. 22E, 22F, 22G are not actually strictly flat, but consisting of two flat portions forming a lower angle between them, of one or two degrees, 180 degrees.
- the fifth and sixth faces 15 and 16 of the core are each provided a front tab of which only one 31 is visible in FIG. 1.
- Each tab frontal such as 31 has a general shape in trunk of pyramid having four lateral faces and a front face parallel to the faces 15 and 16 of the core.
- the lateral faces of the pyramid trunk make with the longitudinal axis of the pyramid an angle between 20 and 28 degrees; two opposite side faces 31A and 32A of the front tab 31, overlap on the lateral faces 21 B and 22B anvil-shaped side tabs to increase the robustness of the block. This recovery is done by a plan leave and is identical for the leg front not visible in figure 1.
- each anvil-shaped side leg has a transverse notch 34.35 extending over the entire width of the table. This arrangement improves the block's ability to hang on stably on the riprap layer; it also promotes flow between shell and underlay to reduce hydrodynamic stresses destabilizing. Finally, it promotes the interpenetration of the blocks into each others which strengthens the cohesion of the shell.
- the lateral faces 21B and 21 C, 22B and 22C of the lateral tabs 21, 22 and the front face 33 of each front tab such that 31 have a surface rough formed by a multitude of frustoconical protuberances and here pyramid 40 which contributes to strengthening the block's ability to hang and when the shell is tightened (due to the reduction in oscillations).
- pyramidal protrusions are preferably all identical, are an integral part of the block and are produced by molding during the casting of the concrete. They are arranged in a row and in diagonal columns, contiguously.
- Each protrusion shown in more detail in Figure 2 has a height between 0.005H and 0.1H, preferably between 0.01H and 0.05H. of the tests have shown that the best attachment capacity is obtained for a height of 0.03H.
- These pyramidal protrusions are not too prominent to resist impact and to facilitate the formwork removal.
- Each protuberance is preferably pyramidal with a polygonal base and in particular square, each side of which is around 0.08H long.
- each pyramidal protuberance 40 extends along its longitudinal axis perpendicular to the opposite faces 15 and 16 of the core to facilitate the mold release operations as indicated below.
- the facets of the block which are intersecting on the faces 15 and 16 of the core are not provided with such protuberances pyramid.
- recesses and / or protrusions 50 are distributed over the contour of the surface outside of the block which coincides with the block's plane of symmetry. These recesses and / or protrusions 50 also have a frustoconical shape and dimensions identical to those of the protrusions 40.
- the mold used to manufacture the block by pouring concrete can advantageously be a metal mold, made of high performance concrete or any other molding material, consisting of the assembly of two half-shells symmetrical about the longitudinal median plane of the legs lateral 21,22 (here the plane P parallel to the faces 15 and 16 of the core). These two half-shells are mounted contiguous and separable in the plane of symmetry P of the block.
- the protrusions 40 formed at the surface of the block and the recesses and / or protrusions 50 formed on the contour of the block in plane P offer no resistance to the separation of the half-shells.
- a mold half-shell 60 is illustrated in Figure 3 in cross section perpendicular to the plane P.
- recesses 61 on the inner surface of the half-shell 60 of shape complementary to the protrusions 40 on the block.
- protrusions 62 on the inner surface of the half-shell 60 of shape complementary to the recesses 50 on the block.
- the invention applies to the production of works, in particular of shells of structures, by depositing blocks in one or more layers, preferably by seeking to vary the attitude of the blocks to favor their nesting.
- the blocks made of unreinforced concrete by molding, have a dimension H of between 0.75m and several meters.
- the rough surface of the blocks according to the invention also reduces the impression unfavorable resulting from the mirror effect of large flat faces.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
Description
Claims (10)
- Un bloc de carapace venu de moulage pour la réalisation d'ouvrages de protection maritime et fluviale, comprenant des pattes (21,22,31) disposées autour d'un noyau central (1), ledit bloc étant inscrit dans un cube ayant un côté de longueur H et ayant une surface extérieure définissant des portions de surfaces sur les pattes qui sont généralement parallèles et opposées par rapport à un plan transversal (P) du bloc, caractérisé en ce que lesdites portions de surface sur les pattes présentent une rugosité formée par des premières protubérances tronconiques (40) ayant une hauteur comprise entre 0,005H et 0.1H.
- Le bloc selon la revendication 1, dans lequel chaque première protubérance tronconique a une hauteur de 0,03H et une base carrée dont la longueur d'un côté est d'environ 0,08H.
- Le bloc selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le plan transversal (P) du bloc est un plan de jointure de deux parties séparables d'un moule de fabrication du bloc.
- Le bloc selon la revendication 3, comprenant une multitude d'évidements et/ou de secondes protubérances tronconiques (50) réparties sur le contour du bloc confondu avec ledit plan transversal (P).
- Le bloc selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, comprenant un noyau central (1) ayant une première (11) et une seconde face (12) opposées munies chacune d'une patte latérale en forme d'enclume (21,22), chaque patte latérale en forma d'enclume ayant une table (21A ; 22A), deux pans inclinés (21E,21G ,22E,22G) et deux faces latérales (21B,21C ;22B,22C), les tables desdites pattes latérales étant disposées parallèlement entre elles et parallèlement aux dites première et seconde faces opposées du noyau, les pans inclinés desdites pattes latérales s'appuyant sur des troisième (13) et quatrième faces (14) apparentes et opposées dudit noyau, ledit noyau ayant une cinquième (15) et une sixième face (16) opposées et munies chacune d'une patte frontale en forme de tronc de pyramide ayant quatre faces latérales et une face frontale (33) parallèle aux dites cinquième et sixième faces du noyau et aux faces latérales des pattes latérales, deux (31A,32A) des faces latérales opposées de chaque patte frontale en forme de tronc de pyramide s'appuyant en recouvrement sur les faces latérales des pattes latérales, lesdites premières protubérances tronconiques (40) étant placées sur les faces latérales des pattes latérales et sur les faces frontales des pattes frontales.
- Le bloc selon la revendication 5, dans lequel les tables des pattes latérales comportant en outre, dans leur partie médiane, un évidement transversal (34 ;35).
- Le bloc selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, dans lequel les arêtes cornières (21D,21F,22D,22F) des pattes latérales et frontales sont chanfreinées.
- Un moule pour fabriquer un bloc de carapace selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, le moule étant constitué de deux demi-coquilles montées jointives dans un plan transversal (P) du bloc et séparables perpendiculairement audit plan transversal (P), les demi-coquilles du moule comprenant une surface intérieure métallique formant l'empreinte de pattes disposées autour d'un noyau central, l'empreinte étant inscrite dans un cube ayant un côté de longueur H et ayant une surface définissant des portions de surface d'empreinte des pattes qui sont généralement parallèles et opposées par rapport audit plan transversal (P), ladite surface ayant un relief définissant des évidements (61) de forme tronconique et de profondeur comprise entre 0,005 H et 0,1 H au droit desdites portions de surface d'empreinte des pattes.
- Le moula selon la revendication 8, dans lequel lesdits évidements (61) à la surface intérieure des demi-coquilles s'étendent généralement perpendiculairement audit plan transversal (P) du bloc.
- Le moule selon la revendication 8 ou 9, dans lequel ledit plan transversal (P) du bloc est un plan de symétrie du bloc.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9903528A FR2791370B1 (fr) | 1999-03-22 | 1999-03-22 | Bloc de carapace a surface rugueuse |
FR9903528 | 1999-03-22 | ||
PCT/FR2000/000689 WO2000056981A1 (fr) | 1999-03-22 | 2000-03-20 | Bloc de carapace a surface rugueuse |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1165894A1 EP1165894A1 (fr) | 2002-01-02 |
EP1165894B1 true EP1165894B1 (fr) | 2003-02-05 |
Family
ID=9543475
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00911004A Expired - Lifetime EP1165894B1 (fr) | 1999-03-22 | 2000-03-20 | Bloc de carapace a surface rugueuse |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1165894B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1144914C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE232256T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU3301200A (fr) |
BR (2) | BRMU8003354Y1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60001361D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2190405T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2791370B1 (fr) |
HK (1) | HK1044809B (fr) |
TN (1) | TNSN00056A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000056981A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA200107144B (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015026745A3 (fr) * | 2013-08-19 | 2015-05-14 | Stable Concrete Structures, Inc. | Système permettant de commander un écoulement d'eau, de briser des vagues, et de réduire l'érosion de surface |
US10053832B2 (en) | 2011-01-10 | 2018-08-21 | Stable Concrete Structures, Inc. | Molded concrete U-wall construction block employing a metal reinforcement cage having stem reinforcement portions with open apertures formed therein for multiple purposes |
US10745878B2 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2020-08-18 | Koninklijke Bam Groep N.V. | Cover element of concrete for a breakwater or jetty construction, as well as breakwater or jetty construction provided with a plurality of such elements |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3078984B1 (fr) * | 2018-03-19 | 2022-05-13 | Artelia Eau Et Environnement | Bloc de beton ajoure pour enrochement |
FR3107135B1 (fr) | 2020-02-07 | 2022-01-14 | Idocean | Procédé de construction d’une représentation tridimensionnelle virtuelle d’une carapace de digue |
FR3118973A1 (fr) | 2021-01-20 | 2022-07-22 | Soletanche Freyssinet | Méthode de suivi du déplacement de blocs préfabriqués d’une carapace d’une digue |
WO2023011738A1 (fr) | 2021-08-06 | 2023-02-09 | Koninklijke Bam Groep N.V. | Structure d'entraînement de rivière, système comprenant une structure d'entraînement de rivière, et procédé d'entraînement d'une rivière |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2476179A1 (fr) * | 1980-02-19 | 1981-08-21 | Lena Alex Di | Jeu d'elements de construction pour mur de soutenement |
US4362432A (en) * | 1980-03-03 | 1982-12-07 | Conover Maria T | Fluid wave energy dissipating and absorbing structure |
JPS5754609A (en) * | 1980-09-16 | 1982-04-01 | Nippon Soohan Kk | Off-shore bank |
US4575646A (en) | 1983-06-02 | 1986-03-11 | At&T Bell Laboratories | High-speed buffer arrangement with no delay distortion |
FR2647135B1 (fr) * | 1989-05-22 | 1991-07-05 | Sogreah | Bloc artificiel notamment pour la realisation d'ouvrages de protection maritime et fluviale |
-
1999
- 1999-03-22 FR FR9903528A patent/FR2791370B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-03-20 WO PCT/FR2000/000689 patent/WO2000056981A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2000-03-20 AT AT00911004T patent/ATE232256T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-03-20 DE DE60001361T patent/DE60001361D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-20 AU AU33012/00A patent/AU3301200A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-03-20 EP EP00911004A patent/EP1165894B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-20 BR BRMU8003354U patent/BRMU8003354Y1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2000-03-20 BR BR0009190-1A patent/BR0009190A/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2000-03-20 ES ES00911004T patent/ES2190405T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-20 CN CNB008053588A patent/CN1144914C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-21 TN TNTNSN00056A patent/TNSN00056A1/fr unknown
-
2001
- 2001-08-29 ZA ZA200107144A patent/ZA200107144B/xx unknown
-
2002
- 2002-08-29 HK HK02106392.9A patent/HK1044809B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10053832B2 (en) | 2011-01-10 | 2018-08-21 | Stable Concrete Structures, Inc. | Molded concrete U-wall construction block employing a metal reinforcement cage having stem reinforcement portions with open apertures formed therein for multiple purposes |
WO2015026745A3 (fr) * | 2013-08-19 | 2015-05-14 | Stable Concrete Structures, Inc. | Système permettant de commander un écoulement d'eau, de briser des vagues, et de réduire l'érosion de surface |
US9644334B2 (en) | 2013-08-19 | 2017-05-09 | Stable Concrete Structures, Inc. | Methods of and systems for controlling water flow, breaking water waves and reducing surface erosion along rivers, streams, waterways and coastal regions |
US10745878B2 (en) | 2016-09-14 | 2020-08-18 | Koninklijke Bam Groep N.V. | Cover element of concrete for a breakwater or jetty construction, as well as breakwater or jetty construction provided with a plurality of such elements |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3301200A (en) | 2000-10-09 |
WO2000056981A1 (fr) | 2000-09-28 |
FR2791370B1 (fr) | 2001-05-25 |
FR2791370A1 (fr) | 2000-09-29 |
HK1044809A1 (en) | 2002-11-01 |
HK1044809B (zh) | 2004-10-21 |
BRMU8003354Y1 (pt) | 2019-01-22 |
EP1165894A1 (fr) | 2002-01-02 |
ES2190405T3 (es) | 2003-08-01 |
ZA200107144B (en) | 2002-10-30 |
TNSN00056A1 (fr) | 2002-05-30 |
ATE232256T1 (de) | 2003-02-15 |
CN1344342A (zh) | 2002-04-10 |
CN1144914C (zh) | 2004-04-07 |
BR0009190A (pt) | 2001-12-18 |
DE60001361D1 (de) | 2003-03-13 |
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